Respiratory Review

Part 1

The smallest bronchial tubes end in clusters of minute air sacs called:

alveoli

Tonsils found in the nasopharynx are called:

pharyngeal tonsils

What part of the respiratory system is this?

The Nose

Each individual alveolus is surrounded by a _____(1)_____ ________which allows for _____(2)_____ ________:

capillary network

gas exchange

Composed of extensive nasal cavities which lie above the mouth:

internal nose

The Larynx

What part of the respiratory system is this?

sense of smell

What are the functions (3) of the nose?

resonating chamber filter, warm, and

moisten air

lighten skull

What are the three (3) functions of the paranasal sinuses?

resonating chamber contribute mucus to the nasal cavity

The Trachea

What part of the respiratory system is this?

The passage of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the RBC and cells of the body:

internal respiration

The trachea is commonly called the:

trachea

The Bronchial Tree

What part of the respiratory system is this?

The passage of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and RBC:

external respiration

The release of energy from the oxidation (burning) of food material:

cellular respiration

The Alveoli

What part of the respiratory system is this?

A common tube shared by the respiratory and digestive systems.

pharynx

Eustachian tubes

What are the three passageways that lead into the pharynx?

Nasal cavityOral cavity

The Lungs

What part of the respiratory system is this?

What structure contains the vocal cords?

larynx

The larynx is commonly called the (1) or the

(2) .

Voice box

Adam’s apple

The Pharynx

What part of the respiratory system is this?

What are the names of the four sinuses?

Maxillary

Ethmoidal

Sphenoidal

Frontal

These act as “first line” defenders, screening out microorganisms from the air,

food, and liquids that enter the body:

tonsils

How many alveoli do the lungs contain?

300 million

The area of the lung where the bronchial tubes, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins,

lymph vessels and nodes, along with aereolar tissue all exist together is called

the: 

root

The trachea branches just outside the lungs to form the:

Primary bronchi

The rings of the trachea are composed of:

Hyaline cartilage

When chronically inflamed, the pharyngeal tonsils can obstruct the opening to the nasal

cavity and are often called:

adenoids

The smallest bronchial tubes in the lungs are the:

bronchioles

Where is the oropharynx located?

behind the oral cavity (mouth)

How many lobes does each lung have?

right lung three lobes

left lung two lobes

Smoking damages what two organs of the body most severely?

lungs & heart

The small canals running from the ears to the throat are called the:

Eustachian or auditory tubes

“Hair-like” structures that constantly beat mucus upwards and help to cleanse the lungs:

cilia

The organ that most influences the size of the left lung:

heart

The organ that most influences the size of the right lung:

liver

The two pathways that properly lead out of the pharynx are:

esophagus

larynx & trachea

The external openings to the respiratory tract that are a part of the external nose are

called the ___________________.

nostrils

A triangular framework of bone and hyaline cartilage covered with skin and lined internally

with mucus membranes is the:

external nose

The lung’s total air capacity is divided down into “millions” of tiny air sacs. The

purpose of this division is:

allows for increased surface area for gas

exchange.

Small chambers or “air sacs” at the end of the bronchioles are called:

alveoli

The right lung is divided into three lobes. These are the (1) , (2) , and (3) .

superior lobemiddle lobeinferior lobe

How many tiny air sacs do the lungs contain?

300 million

Tonsils located in the oropharynx.

palatine tonsils

Blood vessels that carry freshly oxygenated (red) blood away from the capillary

network and back to the heart.

Pulmonary veins

Tonsils located in the laryngopharynx, at the base of the tongue, are called:

Lingual tonsils

Tonsils located at the back of the nasal cavity are called the:

pharyngeal tonsils

Subdivision of the pharynx located behind the nasal cavity is the:

nasopharynx

oropharynx

Subdivision of the pharynx located behind the oral cavity is the:

laryngopharynx

Subdivision of the pharynx located behind the larynx is the:

The inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, usually due to infection or allergy.

sinusitis

The two lobes of the left lung are the:

Superior lobe

Inferior lobe

Blood vessels that bring deoxygenated (blue) blood from the heart to the capillary

network surrounding each alveolus.

Pulmonary arteries