Reservoir Geomechanics and CCUS Faults and Fractures ......Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics...
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Reservoir Geomechanics and CCUS • Reservoir Characterization • State of Stress • Faults and Fractures • Potential for Induced Seismicity • Formation Properties • Permeability • Physical Properties • Viscoplasticity • Utilization of CO 2 in Unconventional Reservoirs • Hydraulic Fracturing with CO 2 • Utilizing CO 2 for EOR
Transcript of Reservoir Geomechanics and CCUS Faults and Fractures ......Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics...
Reservoir Geomechanics and CCUS
• Reservoir Characterization
• State of Stress
• Faults and Fractures
• Potential for Induced Seismicity
• Formation Properties
• Permeability
• Physical Properties
• Viscoplasticity
• Utilization of CO2 in Unconventional Reservoirs
• Hydraulic Fracturing with CO2
• Utilizing CO2 for EOR
Reservoir Geomechanics and CCUS
• Reservoir Characterization
• State of Stress
• Faults and Fractures
• Potential for Induced Seismicity
• Formation Properties
• Permeability
• Physical Properties
• Viscoplasticity
• Utilization of CO2 in Unconventional Reservoirs
• Hydraulic Fracturing with CO2
• Utilizing CO2 for EOR
Reservoir Geomechanics and CCUS
• Reservoir Characterization
• State of Stress
• Faults and Fractures
• Potential for Induced Seismicity
• Formation Properties
• Permeability (Arash)
• Physical Properties
• Viscoplasticity
• Utilization of CO2 in Unconventional Reservoirs
• Hydraulic Fracturing with CO2
• Utilizing CO2 for EOR
Reservoir Geomechanics and CCUS
• Reservoir Characterization
• State of Stress
• Faults and Fractures
• Potential for Induced Seismicity
• Formation Properties
• Permeability (Arash)
• Physical Properties
• Viscoplasticity
• Utilization of CO2 in Unconventional Reservoirs
• Hydraulic Fracturing with CO2
• Utilizing CO2 for EOR
Rapid Reduction in
Rate of Production
Modest Increase in
Cumulative Production
2009-2016
2009-2016
2005-2016
2005-2014
~40%
~100%
~40%
~50%
Hakso and Zoback (2019)
After ~ 200,000 Wells
• RF Dry Gas ~25%
• RF Tight Oil 2-10%
• Many Uneconomic
Wells
Development of Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoirs
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Hakso and Zoback (2019)
Why is Shear Stimulation Important?
The shear fracture network increases the area
of contact between permeable planes and the
low permeability matrix
Would this be more effective if hydraulic
fracturing was done with CO2?
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Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics
Variation of Stress with Depth and Stimulation Optimization
Coupling Geomechanics and Completion Design
Base Case
50 bbls/min
0.32” perfs
100 bbls/min
0.32” perfs
Simulations with
ResFrac
10,000’
10,490’
10,580’
10,250’
70 MPa 80 MPa
Measured Shmin
With DFIT’s
1 ppg proppant
Pumping for 2 hours
Singh, Xu and Zoback (2019) SPE 194323
How would hydraulic fracture propagation (and proppant distribution) be
affected if hydraulic fracturing was done with CO2?
Rapid Reduction in
Rate of Production
Modest Increase in
Cumulative Production
2009-2016
2009-2016
2005-2016
2005-2014
~40%
~100%
~40%
~50%
After ~ 200,000 Wells
• RF Dry Gas ~25%
• RF Tight Oil 2-10%
• Many Uneconomic
Wells
Is There an Opportunity for Enhanced Oil Production with Cyclic Injection of CO2?
Compositional simulation of cyclic gas and CO2
injection. The miscibility of CO2 and oil is the primary
recovery mechanism. A number of other
mechanisms --including viscosity reduction, oil
swelling, and repressuring– contribute to enhanced
production.
