Ågerfalk, P.J., Aakhus, M. & Lind, M. (2010). Researching Open Innovation Through Social Media
Researching Social Media in Education: What can we learn?
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Transcript of Researching Social Media in Education: What can we learn?
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Researching social media in education: What can we learn?
Steve WheelerPlymouth University, UK
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Funnels or Webs?
Ivan Illich
http://zumu.com
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“Education must begin with the solution of the teacher-student contradiction, by reconciling the poles of the contradiction so that both are simultaneously teachers and students.”
- Paulo Frierehttp://arts.anu.edu.au
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Stev
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012The nature of
knowledge
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Surface Learning
Deep Learning
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Marton and Säljö (1976)
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Data
Information
Knowledge
Application
Transformation
ENGAGEMENT
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Knowledge
Application
Transformation
http://slated.org
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Knowing that
Knowing how
Knowing why
Cognition
Problem Solving
Analysis
Synthesis
Declarative
Procedural
Critical
Evaluation
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http://www.flickr.com/photos/specialkrb/2772991999
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Knowledge is knowing a tomato is a fruitWisdom is knowing you don’t put it in a fruit saladCritical awareness is knowing why there is a difference
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A challenge to empirical knowledge – ‘Community as curriculum’
‘The rhizomatic viewpoint (…) suggests that a distributed negotiation of knowledge can allow a community of people to legitimize the work they are doing among themselves and for
each member of the group, the rhizomatic model dispenses with the need for external validation of knowledge...’
- Dave Cormier (2008)
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Rhizomatic knowledge
Participatory and negotiated experience of rhizomatic community engagement.
– Dave Cormier (2007)
http://users.soe.ucsc.edu
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MOOCMassively Open Online Course
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Source: Kelly Hodgkins http://gizmodo.com/5813875/what-happens-in-60-seconds-on-the-internet
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Social Media use
>850 Million
>200 Million >150 Million
>260 Million
>14 million
articles>4 Billion images
Source: http://econsultancy.com
2 Billion views/day24 hours/minute
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>170 Million
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Timeline Communication Technology Date
11 minutes ago Gutenberg Printing Press 1450
3.4 minutes ago Morse Code 1838
2.7 minutes ago Telephone 1875
2.5 minutes ago Radio 1885
1.6 minutes ago Monochrome Television 1929
54 seconds ago Fax 1966
41 seconds ago Personal Computer 1977
38 seconds ago Analogue Mobile Telephone 1979
25 seconds ago World Wide Web 1990
22 seconds ago SMS Messaging 1993
13 seconds ago Broadband 2000
1 second ago 3-D Television 2010
Source : Ken Robinson (2011) Out of Our Minds
3000 years of time compressed to 24 hours
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There are 5 billion mobile phone connections. 3 times as many mobile phones as computers on the planet.
Source: BBC News 2010
Data consumed in 2010 for mobiles 2.8 exabytesData consumed in 2009 1.1 exabytes
The global context...Social media use is on the rise with over 550 million users on Facebook and 24 hours of video uploaded every minute on Youtube. St
eve
Whe
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, Ply
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How can the power of these tools be harnessed in education?
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Learning
User generated
content
Wisdom of crowds?
Architecture of participation
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Learning 2.0
ToolsCollaborating
Sharing
Voting
Networking
User generated
content
Tagging
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User Generated Content is…
“…content that is created and shared freely by students and/or teachers and which has not been through a process of formal peer review”
Concede Project, May 2010
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Web 3.0Semantic Web
Web 1.0The Web
Web x.0Meta Web
Web 2.0Social Web
Degree of Social Connectivity
Deg
ree
of In
form
ation
Con
necti
vity
Connects information Connects people
Connects knowledge Connects intelligence
The eXtended Web
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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Societal Shift
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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Societal Shift
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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Societal Shift
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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Societal Shift
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“The average digital birth of children happens at about six months.”
“In Canada, USA, UK, France, Italy, Germany and Spain... 81% of children under the age of two have some kind of digital profile or footprint.”
http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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Learningis changing
http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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Image credit: Lisa M Lane (2010)
Honestly I found it quite helpful as I re-read what I had written and it helped
clarify my thoughts into what I actually wanted to say.
I didn't use it extensively but when I did […] it helped clear
my thought processes.
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What the students said about Twitter...
http://jcbarrington.blogspot.com/2011/05/on-twitter.html
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‘New’ learners are...• more self-directed• better equipped to capture information• more reliant on feedback from peers• more inclined to collaborate• more oriented toward being their own “nodes of production”.
Education Trends | Featured NewsJohn K. Waters—13 December 2011
http://coolshots.blogspot.com/2007_02_01_archive.html
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‘New’ learners are...• more self-directed• better equipped to capture information• more reliant on feedback from peers• more inclined to collaborate• more oriented toward being their own “nodes of production”.
Education Trends | Featured NewsJohn K. Waters—13 December 2011
http://coolshots.blogspot.com/2007_02_01_archive.html
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But they need
much more...
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http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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“Technological fluency means much more than the ability to use technological tools; that
would be equivalent to understanding a few common phrases in a language. To become
truly fluent in a language (like English or French), one must be able to articulate a
complex idea or tell an engaging story – that is, to be able to make things of significance with
these tools.”
The Computer Clubhouse: Technology Fluency in the Inner City: Resnick, Rusk, & Cooke (1998)
http://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”
- SocratesPlato
http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-713124904
Darwikianism
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Wikipedia is crowdsourcing
evaluation
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Learners need ‘digital wisdom’
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“60% of all Internet pages contain
misleading information.”
- Thomas Edison
Learners need ‘digital literacies’
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language
Managing identity
nameimages
netiquettereputation
avatar interaction
privacy
personal data
identity
legacy
reputationname
privacy
images
interaction
http://i.dailymail.co.uk
Learners need e-safety
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Learners will need new ‘literacies’
• Social networking• Privacy maintenance• Identity management• Creating content• Organising content• Reusing and repurposing• Filtering and selecting• Self presenting
http://www.mopocket.com/
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Skills or Literacies?
http://www.flickr.com/photos/afronie/161969948/
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Literacy goes beyond skills. It involves full immersion within the culture
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Are you open?
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“Web2.0 tools exist that might allow academics to reflect and reimagine what they do as scholars. Such tools might positively affect - even transform - research, teaching, and service responsibilities – only if scholars choose to build serious academic lives online, presenting semi-public selves and becoming invested in and connected to the work of their peers and students.”(Greenhow, Robelia & Hughes, 2009)
Open Scholarshiphttp://www.slideshare.net/courosa/why-social-networks-matter
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Copyleft/Creative Commons
Ultimately: Freedom to openly access, use, copy, modify and share content
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“Understanding how networks work is one of the most important literacies of the 21st Century.”
- Howard Rheingold
http://www.ischool.berkeley.edu
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Researchers...
• are given public money for research• write in a language the public can’t understand• give their work to the publisher for free• edit, review and revise for free• work is ‘published’• ...behind a paywall• we pay the publisher to read our own research
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From NAGPS (2011) via h4p://bit.ly/oIwVut
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From NAGPS (2011) via h4p://bit.ly/oIwVut
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A tale of two papers
http://www.fromoldbooks.org
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Open Scholarship
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Open peer review
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Transparency of review
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Open impact
Closed Journal
>30 months
19
Unknown
2.05
Open Journal
<5 months
511
102,396
1.93
Time from submission to publication
Number of citations
Number of views/reads
Journal impact factor
Statistics collated on 5 January, 2012
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Open impact
Closed Journal
>30 months
19
Unknown
2.05
Open Journal
<5 months
511
102,396
1.93
Time from submission to publication
Number of citations
Number of views/reads
Journal impact factor
Statistics collated on 5 January, 2012
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What type of journal I am likely to
publish with next time?
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"The greatest danger in times of turbulence is not the turbulence. It is to act with yesterday's logic." - Peter Drucker
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