Researchers of homework are Harris Cooper, Herbert Walberg, and Joyce Epstein. Researchers of homework are Harris Cooper, Herbert Walberg, and Joyce Epstein. Epstein found that homework is important because learning is extended into the homeEpstein found that homework is important because learning is extended into the homeand students benefit by:and students benefit by:

Increased skills, achievement, and test scores; Increased skills, achievement, and test scores;

Completion of homework; Completion of homework;

More positive attitude toward schoolwork; More positive attitude toward schoolwork;

Higher self-concept as a learnerHigher self-concept as a learner

View of the parent and home as more similar to the teacher and school;View of the parent and home as more similar to the teacher and school;

Realization that learning takes place outside of the classroom.Realization that learning takes place outside of the classroom.

The main purposes for using homework were the following:The main purposes for using homework were the following:

Practice — increase speed, mastery, or maintenance of skills Practice — increase speed, mastery, or maintenance of skills

Participation — increase involvement of each student with the learning task Participation — increase involvement of each student with the learning task

Personal Development — build student responsibility, honesty, perseverance,Personal Development — build student responsibility, honesty, perseverance, time management, self-confidence time management, self-confidence

Parent-Child Interaction — establish communication between parent and child about learning Parent-Child Interaction — establish communication between parent and child about learning

Public Relations — inform parents about what is happening in class Public Relations — inform parents about what is happening in class

Policy — fulfill school or district directives regarding homework Policy — fulfill school or district directives regarding homework

The most effective homework assignments had these characteristics: The most effective homework assignments had these characteristics:

Covers material already taught and reinforces previously learned skills; Covers material already taught and reinforces previously learned skills;

Can integrate complex skills previously taught, but isn’t used to teach complex skillsCan integrate complex skills previously taught, but isn’t used to teach complex skills

Designed at appropriate level of difficulty (95% success rate);Designed at appropriate level of difficulty (95% success rate);

Is motivating, relevant, useful Is motivating, relevant, useful

““Homework” is a misleading name…Homework” is a misleading name…

Instead of the h-word, we should use “home preparation.”Instead of the h-word, we should use “home preparation.”

or, instead of the h-word, we could use something like “home practice.”or, instead of the h-word, we could use something like “home practice.”

What is the relationship of instruction, Focus Activities, home preparation, science notebookWhat is the relationship of instruction, Focus Activities, home preparation, science notebookquizzes, and examinations?quizzes, and examinations?

Focus ActivitiesFocus Activities

Based on most salient information in textbookBased on most salient information in textbook

Expectation that all students learn how to read and use Informational TextExpectation that all students learn how to read and use Informational Text

Focus Activities will include information beyond the textbook Focus Activities will include information beyond the textbook

Should be file in chronological order in your Science NotebookShould be file in chronological order in your Science Notebook

Should be reviewed oftenShould be reviewed often

Will become your personal “Cliff Notes” for high school chemistry and physicsWill become your personal “Cliff Notes” for high school chemistry and physics

Are only good if properly and honestly completed by YOUAre only good if properly and honestly completed by YOU

What is the relationship of instruction, Focus Activities, home preparation, science notebookWhat is the relationship of instruction, Focus Activities, home preparation, science notebookquizzes, and examinations?quizzes, and examinations?

Class lessons and activitiesClass lessons and activities Focus Activity (Textbook)Focus Activity (Textbook)

On Friday, Science Notebook Quiz = 25% of your gradeOn Friday, Science Notebook Quiz = 25% of your grade

Rules for Science Notebook QuizRules for Science Notebook Quiz

You may use your Science Notebook to answer quiz questionsYou may use your Science Notebook to answer quiz questions

To use your Science Notebook to answer quiz questions, you must have :To use your Science Notebook to answer quiz questions, you must have :

All your Focus Activities properly completedAll your Focus Activities properly completed

Class notes and activities in your notebook Class notes and activities in your notebook

What is the relationship of instruction, Focus Activities, home preparation, science notebookWhat is the relationship of instruction, Focus Activities, home preparation, science notebookquizzes, and examinations?quizzes, and examinations?

Examinations = 35% of your gradeExaminations = 35% of your grade

Typically cover one or two chaptersTypically cover one or two chapters

Do not expect a Study GuideDo not expect a Study Guide

Your class notes and Focus Activities should serve as a study guideYour class notes and Focus Activities should serve as a study guide

The creation and use of a personal study strategy is expectedThe creation and use of a personal study strategy is expected

Those with appropriate study strategies will be allowed to correct their exams for half creditThose with appropriate study strategies will be allowed to correct their exams for half credit

““I read the chapter twice” is not a study strategyI read the chapter twice” is not a study strategy

A physical product of your practice and review for the exam is a study strategyA physical product of your practice and review for the exam is a study strategy