RESEARCH WORKSHOP: ENGLISH COMPOSITION SCOTT COWAN [email protected] LEDDY LIBRARY, 2014.
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Transcript of RESEARCH WORKSHOP: ENGLISH COMPOSITION SCOTT COWAN [email protected] LEDDY LIBRARY, 2014.
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AGENDA
• Think about the research process
• Talk about the resources that might be useful for you
• Walk through a trend/search together
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LET’S TALK ABOUT RESEARCH….
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THE RESEARCH PROCESS
• Background Information• Form Question• Gather Information• Take Notes• Cite Sources• Organize Information• Write• Review
Repeat as needed
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RESEARCH IS RARELY LINEAR. TRY TO STAY OPEN FOR THE POSSIBILITY OF
CHANGE
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LET’S START AT THE VERY BEGINNING…
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FORMING A RESEARCH QUESTION
• Skinny Questions• Have simple answers• Can be answered in one word or sentence• Often begin with: When? How many? Who? Where?
• Fat Questions• Cannot be answered in one sentence• Make you think of other questions• Often begin with: Why? Which? How?
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BUT….
Sometimes the answer to a skinny question, can lead to a fat question
E.g. What state in the United Sates has the largest population? (California)
But…
WHY does California have the largest population?
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AVOID
• Unanswerable questions (who wrote the first cave painting?)
• Opinion questions
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GROUP WORK:
IN GROUPS OF 3, PICK A TOPIC AND WORK ON QUESTIONS 1 AND 2
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IN ORDER TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTION, WHAT DO YOU NEED
TO KNOW?
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SCHOLARLY VS. NON-SCHOLARLY
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IDENTIFY INFORMATION NEEDS
• Facts?• Statistics?• General overview?• Scholarly or scientific studies?• Historical context?• Scholarly analysis?
What will best answer your question?
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MATCHING AN INFORMATION NEED WITH AN INFORMATION SOURCE:
WHAT IS OUT THERE??
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SOME RESOURCES
• Articles: Peer reviewed and scholarly
• Scholarly books/monographs
• Reference works• Magazines and
Newspapers
• General Websites• Market or Business
Information• Government
Documents• Government
Statistics
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REFERENCE WORKS
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A REFERENCE WORK IS:
“A book [or electronic resource] designed to be consulted when authoritative information is needed, rather than read cover to cover.” (ODLIS)
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REFERENCE WORKS
• Excellent for context
• Excellent for tiny details
• Basic factual information
• Often written by top scholars in the field
• Almost always have suggested readings
• Incredibly useful• Often provide
excellent starting or middle places
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ENCYCLOPEDIAS/DICTIONARIES
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ENCYCLOPEDIAS/DICTIONARIES
• Some are brief, others very detailed
• Excellent overviews
• Wide range of topics
• Provide further readings
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MONOGRAPHS
“A scholarly book or treatise on a single subject, complete in one physical piece, usually written by a specialist in the field.”
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SAMPLE BOOKS & MONOGRAPHS
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SCHOLARLY ARTICLES
A self-contained nonfiction prose composition on a fairly narrow topic or subject, written by one or more scholars and published under a separate title in a collection or periodical containing other works of the same form.
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SCHOLARLY ARTICLES
Uses and advantages
•Written by and for experts and scholars
•Often very specific and detailed
Disadvantages
•Sometimes too specific for an overall picture of a particular topic
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OTHER KINDS OF RESOURCES
• Government Documents• Government Statistics• Market information• Newspapers and Magazines• General Websites
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MAGAZINES AND NEWSPAPERS
Examples of Periodicals and Magazines:•Time, Macleans, Nature, Sports Illustrated, The New Yorker, Wired, Rolling Stone
•Either in print or online
• Often very current and immediate
• Offers a wide range of perspectives
• Appeals to a broad readership
• Usually not peer-reviewed or “scholarly”
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GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
• Excellent sources of facts, statistics, findings, studies, results
• Useful for overviews and summaries
• Usually very accessible
• Examples:• Gambling in Canada: Final Report and Recommendations
• Gambling and Governments in Canada, 1969-1998: How Much? Who Plays? What Payoff?
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GENERAL WEBSITES
Advantages
• Immediate and fast• Readily searchable• Multiple points of view
available• Vast amounts of
information available almost anywhere 24/7
Disadvantages
• Quality and reliability of information frequently questionable
• Information can be very general
• Finding information can be difficult
• Sites or information can disappear over night
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GOVERNMENT STATISTICS
• Authoritative• Detailed• Up to date• Comprehensive• Good for health, economic, population trends• Often just raw data, no analysis
Check out the Academic Data Center at Leddy!!
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MARKET INFORMATION
• Authoritative
• Detailed Up to Date
• Specific to particular markets or areas
• Excellent for consumer or industry trends
• Often just raw data, no analysis
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EVALUATING INFORMATION SOURCES
ACCURACY: What is the source? Is it reliable? Are the links accurate? Believable? Cited?
AUTHORITY: Who is the author? Qulaifications? Is it sponsored by an organization?
CONTEXT: Does the content help with my research? Biased? Is it trying to sway you?
CURRENCY: When was it written/published? Kept up to day?
COVERAGE : Do I understand it? How is it presented? Use of graphics, text, stats? In-depth?
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HOW TO FIND SOURCES
• Use Leddy Library databases- search by subject or title if you do not
know the name of the journal- Browse journals is you know the name of
the journal the article is in• Use Google Scholar
- In Google, type Google Scholar and then click on advanced search
• Other Search Engines?
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DAY 2SEARCHING!
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AGENDA
• How to find what you’re looking for
• Hands on work time for your projects
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FINDING WHAT YOU NEED
• Where do we go to find:• Books?• Reference works ?• Scholarly articles?• General periodicals, magazines, newspapers?• Data and statistics?
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IT’S ALL ABOUT THE SEARCH TERMS
• Words are how we find information
• Different resources use different words
• Have an arsenal of search terms at your disposal
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Names
Other Spellings
Dates
Places
Synonyms
Vocabulary
Concepts
Descriptions
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FROM QUESTION TO CONCEPTS
Is incarcerating male perpetrators of violence against women an effective response to the problem?
•Key Concepts:IncarcerationMalesViolence against womenEffective Solutions
Prison, mass incarceration, prison abolitionDemographicsDomestic violence, batterPrevention, interventoin
*Finding good information can take patience and thoughtful planning*
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SEARCH HINTS
AND OR NOT
* finds all forms of a word Example: econom* will find economy, economics, economical,
etc.
Truncations Wom?n will find woman, women
Phrase Searches Use with two or more words in an exact order Example: “World Series,” “Civil War”
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DEAD ENDS?
• Difference resources?• Different approach?• Reword question?• Broaden question?• Narrow focus?• Different source?• Different database?
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FINAL HINTS:
• Be open, flexible, and responsive• Trial and error is the secret• Use found resources as a spring board• Copy vocabulary
• ASK QUESTIONS!!
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LET’S PRACTICE!!