Research Process New

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RESEARCH PROCESS

RESEARCH AREA RESEARCH TOPIC

Paper 3.1 Doing Research

My topic name is research area and research topic. In the paper three

important sections described. They are research process, research area

and research topic. Second section of research are three sub points

mentioned, they are research in literature, research in language and third

is new horizons and last point is conclusion and references.


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INDEX

Sr. No. Topic Page No.1 Introduction 3

2 Research process 4

3 Flow- chart of Research process 6

4 Research are

Research in literature

Research in language

New Horizons

7

8

8

9

5 Selecting Topic 106 Selecting of Research

Topic / problem

11

7 Conclusion 12

8 Bibliography 13

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RESEARCH PROCESS, RESEARCH AND

RESEARCH TOPIC

Research is a systematic and objective inquiry, in some field of

knowledge.

INTRODUCTION :

Research is the result of mans deep urge to learn, to know to satisfy his

thirst for knowledge about this world, especially in particular field of

scholarship.

Writing is a hard task and has to be learnt in stages in crediting a point of

view just because it has been put forth by a person he knows closely. This

is true to any subject, whether it pertains to the sciences or the arts. The

discovery has to be presented clearly using the correct format accepted in

the field of Research. If a researcher fails to correct a few mistakes in

advertently, he may be excused but apthay or indifference is never

forgiven.

Research also gives good practice in reading books with a critical eye.

Sometimes a few printed sources might appear equally acceptable. But

some of the readings may turn out to be outdate, prejudiced or lacking in

knowledge. Again there may be violent disagreement among some of the

critics. All these problems have to be given deep consideration has to be

done impartially, avoiding may be prepared with the help of few popular

books and recent articles on the subject but writing a Research thesis is

certainly not an exercise of this kind. In depth analysis, careful, intelligent

approach of points of view and objective treatment are the hallmarks of a

Research paper.

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RESEARCH PROCESS

Research process means all the activities that take place from the

beginning to the end of the Research work. It consists of a series of steps

necessary to carry out the Research work effectively. However, these

steps are not separate and may not occur in a logical sequence. The steps

which from the Research process may be stated as follows :

The first step of the Research process is the formulation of a general

topic into a specific Research problem.

The researcher has to single out a problem which he wants to study. He

should understand it and ten rephrase it in to meaningful terms. For this

purpose he can consult his guide or discuss it with his colleagues.

Once the problem is formulated, the researcher should write a brief

summary of it. For example :

For a Ph.D. degree, the researcher has to write a synopsis and submit it to

the committee. In this state, the researcher has to undertake extensive

literature survey connected with the research problem. He should read

journals bibliographies and related books. After extensive literature

survey the researcher has no state the working (tentative) hypothesis.After stating the hypothesis, the researcher prepares a research design.

Then the researcher determines a sample design. The next important state

in the research process is collection of the data. The next task of the

research students is to analyze the data. After analyzing the data, the

researcher arrives at generalizations which help him to built a theory. If

the hypothesis is not stated, the findings are explained on the basis ofsome theory. It is known as interpretation.

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Finally, the researcher prepares the report (or thesis) of what has been

done by him. It should be written carefully. Generally, it has the

following parts :

i. Introduction

ii. Summary of findings,

iii. Main report,

iv. Conclusion

At the end, appendices are enlisted and bibliography is given.

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Thus, the research process goes through various stages. They may be

stated in a flow-chart as given below :

6

Defining the research problem

Review of Literature

Formulating Hypothesis

Research Design

Collecting Data

Analyzing data (Testing Hypothesis)

Generalizing & Interpretation

Writing report of Thesis


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RESEARCH AREA

Before starting the actual work of Research, the researcher needs to think

of the area from which he has to select his/her Research topic. The

knowledge of the area of Research is essential for several reasons. First, it

is useful for a Research student to decide his topic for research. Secondly,

it provides scope for comparison. Thirdly, it gives the Researcher a

suitable perspective of what others have done in the area. Forthly, it helps

us to avoid duplication of studies. As far as literary Research is

concerned, the area of Research becomes vast. An accurate map of the

areas of Research in literature and language is almost impossible.

However, the following framework will suffice our purposes.

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1) Research in Literature :

i. Forms of literature.

ii. Literary theories or critical concepts.

iii. Interpretation of literary works :

a) Thematic

b) Style

c) Vision studies

d) Folk literature

e) Specific approach

f) Textual or bibliographical study

iv. History of literature

v. Translations : (Literatures in translation)

vi. Indian writing : (Literatures in translation)

vii. Literature in English

a) American Literature

b) British Literature

c) Canadian Literature

d) Australian Literature

e) African Literature

f) Caribbean Literature

(The terms may very like common-wealth Literature or colonialLiterature etc.)

2) Research in Language :

i. Phonetics, phonology and philology.

ii. Vocabulary, grammar and structure.

iii. Growth and decay of language or its script.

iv. Dialect

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v. Language teaching methods.

vi. Linguistics and other disciplines.

3) New Horizons :

i. Comparative literature

ii. Interdisciplinary studies

iii. Diasporic literature

iv. Reception and influence studies

v. Reader response theories

vi. Towards National and World Literature.

This attempt to encompass all the areas of research in any literature or

language may not be very scientific or accurate but it is useful for our

practical purpose.

The knowledge of areas of research is necessary for several reasons. It is

very useful for a research student to select or rather decide his topic for

research. It widens our horizon of literary activity. It provides scope for

comparison and for interdisciplinary studies. It helps to understand and

plan the growth of our language and literature. It provides us some

criteria form our language policy.

It gives us just perspective of what others have done in the field and

where we stand in comparison. Its practical use is to avoid duplication of

studies or research in a limited circle.

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SELECTING A TOPIC

Research is undertaken in order to help or be of use to others. It is usually

an answer to some unanswered problems in the area of study. It is a

response to some prevalent opinion one of the best ways of choosing a

theme then, is to listen to such problems discussed by others in seminars

and paper-reading sessions. It mere listening is not adequate to

understand the requirement a scholar may ask other about it. If a topic

provides an answer for a deficiency that other thinkers have already

spoken of, it is good title for research. Consulting teachers will be a very

fruitful experience because they come across more question and answers

in their experience than their students. The classroom teaching gives the

impression that all the questions possible in the subject have already been

answered. This is specially there in the case of humanities.

The researcher must realize be edited and many important problems of

theory need in-depth study and research. The imaginative patterns of

twentieth century novelists, their sources and their linguistic and

theoretical developments provide a wide range of research opportunities.

Gradual development of recent theatrical texts, radio and television dram

are excellent sources for analysis, especially when the study is based in

part on taped interviews with the writer, procedure and actingcommunity.

Another pitfall to be avoided to be to record ones personal impression to

prove that a writer who has stood the test of time, is really great. Research

is about what is not known or the right analysis of something that has

been misunderstood hitherto.

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SELECTION OF RESEARCH TOPIC / PROBLEM

If one works on such themes, the researchers enthusiasm tends

to wane as the work progresses especially because one has to

dissect a work of art to analyze it and the discoveries may be

disheartening, cooling the enthusiasm one had for the writer in

the beginning.

Research is undertaken to help others. It is an answer to an

unsolved problem in a particular area of study. So the topic

(problem) should be selected with proper thinking.

The researcher should visit the library regularly and see

whether sufficient work as been done on the chosen topic to

qualify for research.

The researcher should also see whether relevant source

materials are easily available on the topic.

The topic chosen should be that the scholar is slightly familiar

with and wishes to know more about it.

Similarly, the topic should be one which needs several sources

for the completion of the research work. However, it should not

to be too visit to be managed within a thesis.

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CONCLUSION

Thus, research topic and research are is one of the important and first step

of research process. After selecting research area and research topic then

we start to write a research paper.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.google.com

Methodology of Research Process

(Handbook)

Notes

Based on latest syllabus of MA (Eng.)

Doing Research

New and revised notes

Pune University

By Prof. Dr. Ashish

Versha Prakashan

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Research Process New

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