Unit 8

Research about Inventions and Technology

How to describes manufactures products, factual and unreal conditionals and the importance of inventions in the world

Lucy María Andrade

11/07/2012

CONTENTDiscuss a New Product..........................................................................................2

GRAMMAR#1.......................................................................................................2

Present Unreal conditions.................................................................................3

Present factual conditional................................................................................4

Future factual conditional..................................................................................4

Accept Responsibility for a Mistake.....................................................................5

GRAMMAR #2......................................................................................................5

The past unreal conditional...............................................................................6

Evaluate Inventions................................................................................................6

Discuss the Impact of Key Inventions in History................................................7

Creates New Industries........................................................................................7

Spurs Innovation...................................................................................................7

Fuels Patents Culture...........................................................................................7

Creates Employment............................................................................................7

Bibliography...........................................................................................................8

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Factual and unreal conditional sentences

Present factual conditionals: Use the simple present tense in both clauses

If you make a lot coffee, you need a good coffee maker.

Future factual conditionals. Use the simple present tense in the if clause.

Use the future with will or be going to in the result clause.

If they sell the Brew Rite for as low a price as the Coffee King, they’ll

sell a lot of them.

Present unreal conditions. Use the simple past or were in the if clause. Use

would in the result clause.

If I were you, I wouldn’t buy it.

If Telex had a cutting-edge digital camera, they would sell more.

Inventions and Technology

Discuss a New Product

Conversation

A: I need a new coffee maker. Do you think I should get the Brew Rite? I t’s on sale at TechnoMart.

B: That depends. How much are they selling it for?

A: $75.

B: definitely. That’s great price. If I need a coffee maker, I‘d buy one too. It’s top of the line.

What are they talking about? Why they think it’s a good buying?

GRAMMAR#1

2

NOTE:

American In informal

speech, Was sometimes

hear that the If Clause.

However, in the formal

speech is wrong.

Next we see more examples for each one.

Present Unreal conditions

It used the Present Unreal Conditional referring about unreal, imaginary or

impossible conditions and results. Both: Result Clause and If Clause, present the

unreal result of the condition.

The verb in the If Clause is shown in simple past tense. The Result Clause is used

in the auxiliary Would + base form of the verb.

a. The If Clause use the simple past tense, but the meaning is not about the

past.

If I had money now, I would supply Many Things to myself.

b. Don’t use auxiliary Would in the If Clause in the present unreal conditional

sentences.

If I bought some flowers to Mary, she would be

happy.

NOT: If I would buy...

c. Use were for all the people when the verb in the If

Clause is in basic form (be).

If I were a king, I would Contribute In Many

charity Associations in all the world.

If the Result Clause is not true, then use Might or could in the Result Clause to

express possibility. You can also use could in the Result Clause to express

ability. (Conditional clauses). Example:

If I had enough time, I could take dancing classes.

(It's possible I would take dancing classes).

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NOTE:

"Will" often suggests that

a speaker will do

something voluntarily

"Will" is usually used in

promises.

. Be going to" expresses

that something is a plan.

(english Page.com)

If you spoke German, You Could translate this letter for me

Other examples:

If you walked to the theater, you would get there late.

If she were a photographer, she would sell her old camera and buy a new

one.

Present factual conditional

It used the Present Factual Conditional sentence to refer to the facts as well as

scientific laws. The If Clause expresses the condition while the Result Clause

specifies that if the condition happens. El verb in both sentences is shown in

simple present tense.

You can also use the Present Factual Conditional to refer to habits, and recurrent

events (that are going on). Use the present progressive or present tense in the If

Clause. While in the Result Clause, use simple present tense. (Conditional

clauses)

Jewelry lasts a long time if you took great care of it.

You have to be responsible if you get a pet.

If I´m traveling so far, I always carry extra

money.

If Jim flies, He orders vegetarian food.

Future factual conditional

The Factual Future Conditional is used to refer on

that action would happen under certain condition. If

Clause represents the condition. The Result Clause

is the probable or certain result.

Modals can be used in the result clause.

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If you want to vote, you must register first.

You can start with conditional sentences: the Result Clause or If Clause. The

meaning is maintained. But add the comma between two sentences if you start

with the If Clause. (Conditional clauses)

If you exercise every day, you’ll lose weight.

If you touch blue, your dream will come true.

Accept Responsibility for a Mistake

Conversation

A: Sorry we’re late. We got lost.

B: That’s OK. It can happen to anyone.

A: Well, it was entirely my fault. If I had stopped to ask for directions we would have been on time.

B: Well, better late than never. Please come in. And let me get you something to drink.

What is the mistake? Why they were late?

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GRAMMAR #2

The past unreal conditional

Past Unreal Conditional is about hypothetical actions that have been made in the

past. Then the condition and the results are unreal. These sentences are used to

describe situations that never happened. (Emagister)

If he had died young , he wouldn´t have had children

(But he didn´t die young, so he had children).

If I hadn´t eaten too much, I wouldn´t have had a stomachache.

It uses the past perfect in the If Clause. Use Would Have + Past Participle in Result

Clause

If I had gotten a major in Medicine, I would have worked in a successful

hospital.

If Luisa had gone with us, she would have spent a great time.

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The past unreal conditional

Use the past unreal conditional to describe unreal or untrue conditions and results.

If I had had a cell phone, I could have called for directions.

She wouldn’t have been late if she had checked the map.

BE CAREFUL! Don’t use would or could in the if clause.

If I would have had a cell phone, I could have called for directions.

Questions and answers

Could they have arrived on time if they had left earlier?

Yes, they could have/ No, they couldn’t

When would you have arrived if you had taken the train? At four o’ clock

If in case the result is not very accurate to occur, then use Might have or Could

have in the Result clause expressing possibility.

If it had been sunny, we would have gone at the beach.

Evaluate Inventions

When we talking about technology, we can use many words for describe

manufactured products.

Uses new technology Offers high quality Uses new ideas

High-tech High-end Innovate

State-of-the-art Top-of-the-line Revolutionary

Cutting-edge Firs-rate Novel

Low-tech / high tech

Wacky

Unique

Efficient / inefficient

Discuss the Impact of Key

Inventions in History

Cyrus McCormick's mechanical reaper, Charles Goodyear's vulcanized rubber and

Alexander Bell's telephone were among the continuous cycle of inventions that

spurred America's industrial revolution in the 1800s, created industries and later

reinforced America's status as the premier economy in the world in the post-World

War II period. The importance of inventions in aiding socioeconomic progress and

influencing life itself cannot be overstated.

Creates New Industries

A direct impact of inventions is the formation of new industries and many derived

sectors. Texas Instruments' Jack Kilby's invention of the integrated circuit in 1958

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spawned the electronics industry and later-era computers, information technology

and mobile telephony/communications industries.

Spurs Innovation

Renowned American ingenuity coupled with federal government funding, defense

sector-sponsored programs and university research initiatives have created a

system that spurs innovation, leads to significant breakthroughs and encourages

research and development activities for new inventions.

Fuels Patents Culture

Thomas Edison's record 1,093 patents and filing of patents at timely intervals by

numerous American inventors, technologists and engineers kept America at the

forefront of new scientific revolutions and attendant commercial applications in

science, engineering and technology throughout the 20th century.

Creates Employment

New industries and allied sectors resulting from the successful application of

inventions fuel demands for millions of manufacturing, production, service,

customer support and other jobs.

Bibliography

Conditional clauses. (s.f.). Recuperado el 9 de Julio de 2012, de Capítulo 4: Future

factual conditional:

http://www.emagister.com/curso-conditional-clauses/future-factual-

conditional

Conditional clauses. (s.f.). Recuperado el 9 de Junio de 2012, de Capitulo

2:Present factual conditions: http://www.emagister.com/curso-conditional-

clauses/present-factual-conditional-1

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Conditional clauses. (s.f.). Recuperado el 9 de Julio de 2012, de Capítulo 5:

Present unreal conditional: http://www.emagister.com/curso-conditional-

clauses/present-unreal-conditional

Dutta, P. (s.f.). eHow money. Recuperado el 9 de Julio de 2012, de The

Importance of Inventions: http://www.ehow.com/facts_5708734_importance-

inventions.html

Emagister. (s.f.). Conditional clauses. Recuperado el 9 de Julio de 2012, de

Capítulo 7: Past unreal conditional : http://www.emagister.com/curso-

conditional-clauses/past-unreal-conditional-1

english Page.com. (s.f.). Recuperado el 8 de Julio de 2012, de Simple future:

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplefuture.html

Saslow, J. (2006). Top Notch (Vol. 3). New York: Pearson Education Inc.

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