Data Source: National Science Foundation, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2016, Table 15

Research Doctorates Conferred, 2004-2014

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

All doctorate recipientsa S&E Social sciences

1

Trends in International Student Enrollment, 2004/05 – 2014/15

2

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

2004/05 2009/10 2014/15

Master's Doctoral Baccalaureate Professional

Data Source: Institute of International Education, International Students by Academic Level, 2004/05-2005/06, 2006/07-2007/08, 2008/09-2009/10, 2010/11-2011/12, 2012/13-

2013/14, and 2013/14-2014/15.

Source: NAFSA, International Student Economic Value Tool

Trend of the Economic Benefits of International Student Enrollment in U.S.

3

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

$40,000

$45,000

$50,000

-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

Fall 2004 Fall 2005 Fall 2006 Fall 2007 Fall 2008 Fall 2009 Fall 2010 Fall 2011 Fall 2012 Fall 2013 Fall 2014

Economic benefit International students Jobs supported

Source: NAFSA, International Student Economic Value Tool

Total U.S. Direct and Indirect Jobs Created/Supported: As a result of the economic benefit of international Students

4

135,425 237,956

Indirect Jobs Direct Jobs

54%

18%

11%

9%

Higher education

Accomodation

Dining

Retail

Telecommunications

Transportation

Health insurance

Average Earnings by level of education: Persons 25- 64 years old, 2015

5

$84,396

$89,960

$69,732

$59,124

$41,496

$38,376

$35,256

$25,636

$44,720

Doctoral degree

Professional degree

Master's degree

Bachelor's degree

Associate's degree

Some college, no degree

High school diploma

Less than a high school diploma

All workers

Data Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Earnings and unemployment rates by educational attainment, 2015

U.S. unemployment rates (25 years and over) by educational attainment, sex and race/ethnicity, 2015

6

Data Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, CPS Tables, Annual averages, Employment status. 7. Employment status of the civilian

noninstitutional population 25 years and over

5% 6% 5%5%

10%

4%

6%

4% 4%4%

3%

6%

3%

4%

2% 2% 2% 2%

4%

2%3%

All Men Women White Black or AfricanAmerican

Asian Hispanic or Latinoethnicity

Less than ahigh schooldiploma

High schoolgraduates,no college

Some college,no degree

Associatedegree

Bachelor'sdegreeonly

Advanceddegree

Research Doctorates by Gender, 2004-2014

7

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Male Female

Data Source: National Science Foundation, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2016, Table 15

Research Doctorates Conferred to Women, 2004-2014

8

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Life sciences Physical sciences Social sciences Engineering Education Humanities Other

Data Source: National Science Foundation, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2016, Table 15

Research Doctorates Conferred to Men, 2004-2014

9

Data Source: National Science Foundation, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2016, Table 15

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Life sciences Physical sciences Social sciences Engineering Education Humanities Other

Grants and Loans as a Percentage of Funds from Total Aid and Nonfederal Loans for Graduate and Professional Students, 1990-91 to 2014-15

10

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90-91 00-01 10-11 14-15 (Preliminary)

Grants Loans

Data Source: College Board, Trends in Student Aid, 2015, Total Aid, Table 4

Graduate Student Aid by Source and Type (in Billions), 2014-15

11

$33.9

$10.8

$5.5

$3.0 $1.6

$0.2 $0.1

Federal Loans (61%)

Institutional Grants (20%)

Private and Employer Grants (10%)

Federal Education Tax Credits & Deductions (6%)

Federal Grants (3%)

State Grants (<1%)

Federal Work-Study (<1%)

Data Source: College Board, Trends in Student Aid, 2015, Total Aid, Figure 2B

Total Graduate Student Aid in 2014 Dollars (in Millions), 1995-96 to 2014-15, Selected years

1995-96 2000-01 2005-06 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Preliminar

y 2014-15

Total federal grants $111 $164 $360 $1,137 $1,205 $1,379 $1,409 $1,607

Federal work-study $59 $98 $113 $110 $104 $103 $105 $103

Total federal loans $7,789 $10,631 $18,564 $35,301 $35,742 $34,788 $35,663 $33,896

Education tax benefits $0 $594 $987 $3,317 $3,256 $2,963 $3,037 $3,049

TOTAL FEDERAL

AID$7,959 $11,488 $20,024 $39,865 $40,306 $39,233 $40,214 $38,655

State grants $72 $117 $179 $123 $146 $154 $160 $163

Institutional grants $2,398 $4,141 $5,329 $8,322 $8,914 $9,539 $10,187 $10,840

Private & employer

grants$933 $1,857 $3,173 $4,517 $4,585 $4,744 $5,223 $5,467

TOTAL FEDERAL,

STATE,

INSTITUTIONAL &

OTHER AID

$11,361 $17,603 $28,705 $52,827 $53,952 $53,670 $55,784 $55,125

12

Data Source: College Board, Trends in Student Aid, 2015, Total Aid, Table 1B

Average Aid per Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) Graduate and Professional Student in 2014 Dollars, 1990-91 to 2014-15

13

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000

$18,000

$20,000

1990-91 2000-01 2010-11 2014-15(est)

Average Grant Aid per FTE Average Federal Loans per FTE

Data Source: College Board, Trends in Student Aid, 2015, Aid per Student, Table 3

Average Annual Percentage Change in First-Time Graduate Enrollment by Citizenship, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender, Fall 2004 to Fall 2014

14

3%

2%

0%

3%

5%

7%

1%

10%

0%

3%2%

-1%

4%

5%6%

1%

10%

1%

Total U.S. Citizens andPermanentResidents

AmericanIndian/Alaskan

Native

Asian/PacificIslander

Black/AfricanAmerican

Hispanic/Latino White TemporaryResidents

Other/Unknown

Men Women

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Table C.6

Trends in Graduate Degrees Awarded by Institution Type, 2003-04 to 2013-14

15

2%

2%

-1%-1%

0% -1%

5%5%

4%

2%

3%

2%

6%6% 6%

3%3% 3%

All Institutions Public Private, not-for-profit All Institutions Public Private, not-for-profit

Doctoral Degrees Master's Degrees

% Change, 2012-13 to 2013-14 Ave. Annual % Change, 2008-09 to 2013-14 Ave. Annual % Change, 2003-04 to 2013-14

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Table C.24

Graduate Application Acceptance Rates by Carnegie Classification and Degree level, Fall 2014

16

24%

36%

47%

27%

19%

22%

47%

61%

63%

53%

39%

48%

Other

Master's Colleges and Universities

Doctoral/Research Universities

Research Univ. (high research)

Research Univ. (very high research)

Total

Master's/Other Doctoral

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Table B.1

First-Time Graduate Enrollment by Broad Field and Gender, Fall 2014

17

38%

38%

22%

61%

68%

23%

75%

25%

56%

45%

44%

43%

62%

62%

78%

39%

32%

77%

25%

75%

44%

55%

56%

57%

Other Fields

Social & Behavioral Sci.

Public Admin. & Svcs.

Physical & Earth Sci.

Math & Computer Sci.

Health Sciences

Engineering

Education

Business

Biological & Agric. Sci.

Arts and Humanities

Total

Men Women

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Table B.4

66%

77%

70%

90%

77%

68%

84%

48%

66%

85%

82%

69%

34%

23%

30%

10%

23%

32%

16%

52%

34%

15%

18%

31%

Other Fields

Social & Behav Sci

Public Admin & Svcs

Physical & Earth Sci

Math & Comp Sci

Health Sciences

Engineering

Education

Business

Biological & Ag Sci

Arts & Humanities

Total

Full-time Part-time

First-Time Graduate Enrollment by Carnegie Classification and Attendance Status, fall 2014

18

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Table B.4

First-Time Graduate Enrollment by broad Field and degree level, Fall 2014

19

8%

27%

3%

60%

14%

20%

21%

14%

6%

36%

21%

17%

92%

73%

97%

40%

86%

80%

79%

86%

94%

64%

79%

83%

Other Fields

Social & Behavioral Sci.

Public Admin. & Svcs.

Physical & Earth Sci.

Math & Computer Sci.

Health Sciences

Engineering

Education

Business

Biological & Agric. Sci.

Arts and Humanities

Total

Doctoral Master's/Other

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Table B.6

Total Graduate Enrollment by Race/Ethnicity, Fall 2014

20

Hispanic/Latino10%

American Indian/Alaska Native

1%Asian

6%

Black/African American

15%

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander

0%White59%

Two or More Races2%

Race/Ethnicity Unknown7%

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Table B.19

Total Graduate Enrollment by Broad Field and Attendance Status, Fall 2014

21

55%

68%

64%

85%

67%

58%

73%

39%

51%

79%

71%

60%

45%

32%

36%

15%

33%

42%

27%

61%

49%

21%

29%

40%

Other Fields

Social & Behavioral Sci.

Public Admin. & Svcs.

Physical & Earth Sci.

Math & Computer Sci.

Health Sciences

Engineering

Education

Business

Biological & Agric. Sci.

Arts and Humanities

Total

Full-Time Part-Time

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Table B.13

Size & Scope of U.S. Graduate Education2013-2014 Academic Year:

Nearly 3 million students are enrolled in post-baccalaureate programs.

Over 900,000 graduate and professional degrees conferred.

754,475 master’s degrees

177,580 doctoral degrees (Incl. prof. practice degrees)54,070 research doctorates (2014)

22

Data Source: National Science Foundation, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2016, Table 1., U.S. Department of Education, Digest of

Education Statistics, 2015, Tables 303.80, 323.10, and 324.10

Unemployment Rates by Educational Attainment, 25 years and over, Percent, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted

23

Data Source: FRED Graph Observations, Federal Reserve Economic Data, Economic Research Division, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

https://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2

3.2%

5.3%

2.3%

11.0%

15.8%

College Graduates High School Graduates, No College Less than a High School Diploma

Graduate Degree Attainment

• Master’s degrees• Women earned 60% of all master’s degrees in 2013-14.• Minority representation improving, but still low:

• African American (14%), Hispanic/Latino (9%), Asian/Pacific (7%), and American Indian /Alaskan Native (less than 1%)

• Education and business accounted for nearly a half (46%) of all master’s degrees conferred in 2013-14.

• Number of master’s increased by 34% since 2003.• 3.4% average annual increase at the master’s level.

• Doctoral Degrees• Number of doctoral degrees increased by 41% since 2003.• In 2013-14, 177,580 doctoral degrees (including professional practice

degrees) were conferred.• 4.1% average annual increase in degree production.

24

Data Source: U.S. Department of Education, Digest of Education Statistics, 2015, Tables 323.10, 323.20, and 324.10

Post-baccalaureate Enrollment Trends and Projections by Gender, 1967-2025

25

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

4,000,000

1967 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2015* 2020* 2025*

Males Females

Data Source: U.S. Department of Education, Digest of Education Statistics, 2015, Table 303.80

Graduate Student Enrollment, Fall 2014• U.S. institutions that participated in the 2014 CGS/GRE

Graduate Enrollment and Degrees received about 2.15 million applications40% had been accepted into at least 1 program

63% first-time graduate students enrolled at a public university

69% of all first-time graduate students were enrolled full-time

83% first-time graduate students were enrolled in programs leading to a master’s degree or graduate certificate

17% of all first-time graduate students were enrolling in doctoral programs

21% first-time graduate enrollees were international students

26

Data Source: Council of Graduate Schools, Graduate Enrollment and Degrees: 2004 to 2014, Tables B.1, B.3, B.4, B.6, and B.10

Percentage of Post-baccalaureate Students who Took Distance Education Courses, Fall 2014

27

No distance education courses, 67%

At least one distance education course, 8%

Exclusively distance education courses, 25%

Data Source: U.S. Department of Education, Digest of Education Statistics, 2015, Table 311.15

Gross Domestic Expenditures on R&D by Selected Countries, 1981-2013

28

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

$350

$400

$450

$500

1981 1991 2001 2011 2013

United States EU France Germany United Kingdom Russia China Japan South Korea India

Data Source: National Science Board, Science & Engineering Indicators 2016, Appendix Table 4-12

Gross Domestic Expenditures on R&D as Percentage Share of GDP by Selected Countries 1981-2013

29

0%

1%

1%

2%

2%

3%

3%

4%

4%

5%

1981 1991 2001 2011 2013

United States EU France Germany United Kingdom Russia China Japan South Korea India

Data Source: National Science Board, Science & Engineering Indicators 2016, Appendix Table 4-12

Total Grant Aid for Grad Students: 2014 U.S. Dollars by Funding Source AY2004/05 to AY2014/2015

31

Data Source: College Board, Trends in Student Aid, 2015, Total Aid, Table 1B

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

2004/05 2009/10 2014/15

Federal grants (Excl. VA benefits) Federal work-study State grants Institutional grants Private & employer grants