REQUEST for Jury Instructions

8/8/2019 REQUEST for Jury Instructions

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Timothy L. McCandless, Esq. (SBN 147715)THE LAW OFFICES OF TIMOTHY MCCANDLESS1881 Business Center Drive, Suite 9ASan Bernardino, CA 92408

Phone: (909) 890-9192

Fax: (909) 382-9956Counsel for Defendant,Anthony J. Martin

SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA

IN AND FOR THE COUNTY OF STANISLAUS

STANISLAUS JUDICIAL DISTRICT/ MODESTO COURTHOUSE

LIMITED JURISDICTION/ UNLAWFUL DETAINER

U. S. BANK NATIONALASSOCIATION etc.,

Plaintiff,

v.

ANTHONY J. MARTIN,

Defendants.

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Case No.: 64 50 68

DEFENDANT ANTHONY J.MARTINS REQUEST FOR JURYINSTRUCTIONS[CCP 607a, 608, & 609; CRC Rules3.1580, 2.1050.2.1055 & 2.1058.]

DATE: Oct. 6, 2010TIME: 8:30 a.m.DEPT: D-21

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CACI JURY INSTRUCTIONS

100. Preliminary Admonitions

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You have now been sworn as jurors in this case. I want to impress on you the seriousness andimportance of serving on a jury. Trial by jury is a fundamental right in California. The partieshave a right to a jury that is selected fairly, that comes to the case without bias, and that will

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REQUEST FOR JURY INSTRUCTIONS


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attempt to reach a verdict based on the evidence presented. Before we begin, I need to explainhow you must conduct yourselves during the trial.

Do not allow anything that happens outside this courtroom to affect your decision. During the trialdo not talk about this case or the people involved in it with anyone, including family and personsliving in your household, friends and co-workers, spiritual leaders,

advisors, or therapists. This prohibition is not limited to face-to-face conversations. It alsoextends to all forms of electronic communications. Do not use any electronic device or media,such as a cell phone or smart phone, PDA, computer, the Internet, any Internet service, any text orinstant-messaging service, any Internet chat room, blog, or Web site, including social networkingwebsites or online diaries, to send or receive any information to or from anyone about this case oryour experience as a juror until after you have been discharged from your jury duty.

You may say you are on a jury and how long the trial may take, but that is all. You must not eventalk about the case with the other jurors until after I tell you that it is time for you to decide thecase. During the trial you must not listen to anyone else talk about thecase or the people Involved in the case. You must avoid any contact with the parties, the lawyers,

the witnesses, and anyone else who may have a connection to the case. If anyone tries to talk toyou about this case, tell that person that you cannot discuss it because you are a juror. If he or shekeeps talking to you, simply walk away and report the incident to the court [attendant/bailiff] assoon as you can.

After the trial is over and I have released you from jury duty, you may discuss the case withanyone, but you are not required to do so.

During the trial, do not read, listen to, or watch any news reports about this case. [I have noinformation that there will be news reports concerning this case.] This prohibition extends to theuse of the Internet in any way, including reading any blog about thecase or about anyone involved with it or using Internet maps or mapping programs or any other

program or device to search for or to view any place discussed in the testimony.You must decide this case based only on the evidence presented in this trial and the instructions oflaw that I will provide. Nothing that you see, hear, or learn outside this courtroom is evidenceunless I specifically tell you it is. If you receive any informationabout this case from any source outside of the courtroom, promptly report it to the court[attendant/bailiff]. It is important that all jurors see and hear the same evidence at the same time.Do not do any research on your own or as a group. Do not use dictionaries, the Internet, or otherreference materials. Do not investigate the case or conduct any experiments. Do not contactanyone to assist you, such as a family accountant, doctor, orlawyer. Do not visit or view the scene of any event involved in this case. If you happen to pass bythe scene, do not stop or investigate. If you do need to view the scene during the trial, you will betaken there as a group under proper supervision.

It is important that you keep an open mind throughout this trial. Evidence can only be presented apiece at a time. Do not form or express an opinion about this case while the trial is going on. Youmust not decide on a verdict until after you have heard all theevidence and have discussed it thoroughly with your fellow jurors in your deliberations.Do not concern yourselves with the reasons for the rulings I will make during the course of thetrial. Do not guess what I may think your verdict should be from anything I might say or do.

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When you begin your deliberations, you may discuss the case only in the jury room and onlywhen all the jurors are present. You must decide what the facts are in this case. And, I repeat,your verdict must be based only on the evidence that you hear or see in this courtroom. Do not letbias, sympathy, prejudice, or public opinion influence your verdict.At the end of the trial, I will explain the law that you must follow to reach your verdict. You mustfollow the law as I explain it to you, even if you do not agree with the law.

Sources and Authority Article I, section 16 of the California Constitution provides that trial by jury is an inviolate right and shall be securedto all. Code of Civil Procedure section 608 provides, in part: In charging the jury the court may state to them all matters oflaw which it thinks necessary for their information in giving their verdict; and, if it state the testimony of the case, itmust inform the jury that they are the exclusive judges of all questions of fact. (See also Evid. Code, 312; CodeCiv. Proc., 592.)

Under Code of Civil Procedure section 611, jurors may not form or express an opinion prior to deliberations. (Seealso City of Pleasant Hill v. First Baptist Church of Pleasant Hill(1969) 1 Cal.App.3d 384, 429 [82 Cal.Rptr. 1]. It ismisconduct for a juror to prejudge the case. (Deward v. Clough (1966) 245 Cal.App.2d 439, 443444 [54 Cal.Rptr.68].)

Jurors must not undertake independent investigations of the facts in a case. (Kritzer v. Citron (1950) 101 Cal.App.2d

33, 36 [224 P.2d 808]; Walter v. Ayvazian (1933) 134 Cal.App. 360, 365 [25 P.2d 526].)

Jurors are required to avoid discussions with parties, counsel, or witnesses. (Wright v. Eastlick(1899) 125 Cal. 517,520521 [58 P. 87]; Garden Grove School Dist. v. Hendler(1965) 63 Cal.2d 141, 144 [45 Cal.Rptr. 313, 403 P.2d721].)

It is misconduct for jurors to engage in experiments that produce new evidence. (Smoketree-Lake Murray, Ltd. v.Mills Concrete Construction Co. (1991) 234 Cal.App.3d 1724, 1746 [286 Cal.Rptr. 435].)

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101. Overview of Trial

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To assist you in your tasks as jurors, I will now explain how the trial will proceed. US. BANKfiled this lawsuit. It is called a plaintiff. It seeks damages [or other relief] from Anthony Martin,who is called a defendant. Each plaintiff and each defendant is called a party to the case. First,each side may make an opening statement, but neither side is required to do so. An openingstatement is not evidence. It is simply an outline to help you understand what that party expectsthe evidence will show. Also, because it is often difficult to give you the evidence in the order wewould prefer, the opening statement allows you to keep an overview of the case in mind duringthe presentation of the evidence.

Next, the jury will hear the evidence. U.S. BANK will present its evidence first. When U.S.BANK is finished, ANTHONY J.MARTIN will have an opportunity to present his evidence.

Each witness will first be questioned by the side that asked the witness to testify. This is called

direct examination. Then the other side is permitted to question the witness. This is calledcrossexamination.Documents or objects referred to during the trial are called exhibits. Exhibits are given a[number/letter] and marked so they may be clearly identified. Exhibits are not evidence until Iadmit them into evidence. During your deliberations, you will be able to look at all exhibitsadmitted into evidence.

There are many rules that govern whether something will be considered evidence in the trial. Asone side presents evidence, the other side has the right to object and to ask me to decide if theevidence is permitted by the rules. Usually, I will decide immediately, but sometimes I may haveto hear arguments outside of your presence.

After the evidence has been presented, I will instruct you on the law that applies to the case andthe attorneys will make closing arguments. What the parties say in closing argument is notevidence. The arguments are offered to help you understand the evidence and how the law appliesto it.

In this case, PLAINTIFF U.S. BANK claims that they acquired the subject property at a TrusteeSale that was properly conducted pursuant to Civil Code Section 2924 et seq. DefendantANTHONY J. MARTIN denies this allegation and that U.S. BANK did not conduct a validtrustee sale because U.S. BANK never had the power of sale to proceed with the foreclosure.

Sources and Authority

Rule 2.1035 of the California Rules of Court provides: Immediately after the jury is sworn, the trial judge may, in his or herdiscretion, preinstruct the jury concerning the elements of the charges or claims, its duties, its conduct, the order of

proceedings, the procedure for submitting written questions for witnesses as set forth in rule 2.1033 if questions are allowed,and the legal principles that will govern the proceeding.

Code of Civil Procedure section 607 provides:When the jury has been sworn, the trial must proceed in the following order, unless the court, for special reasons otherwisedirects:

1. The plaintiff may state the issue and his case;2. The defendant may then state his defense, if he so wishes, or wait until after plaintiff has produced his evidence;

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3. The plaintiff must then produce the evidence on his part;4. The defendant may then open his defense, if he has not done so previously;5. The defendant may then produce the evidence on his part;6. The parties may then respectively offer rebutting evidence only, unless the court, for good reason, in furtherance of justice,

permit them to offer evidence upon their original case;7. When the evidence is concluded, unless the case is submitted to the jury on either side or on both sides without argument, the

plaintiff must commence and may conclude the argument;8. If several defendants having separate defenses, appear by different counsel, the court must determine their relative order in

the evidence and argument;9. The court may then charge the jury.

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102. Taking Notes During the Trial

Page 1 of 1

You have been given notebooks and may take notes during the trial. Do not take the notebooksout of the courtroom or jury room at any time during the trial. You may take your notes into thejury room during deliberations. You should use your notes only to remind yourself of whathappened during the trial. Do not let your note-taking interferewith your ability to listen carefully to all the testimony and to watch the witnesses as they testify.Nor should you allow your impression of a witness or other evidence to be influenced by whetheror not other jurors are taking notes. Your independent recollection of the evidence should governyour verdict, and you should not allow yourself to be influenced by the notes of other jurors ifthose notes differ from what you remember.[The court reporter is making a record of everything that is said. If during deliberations you havea question about what the witness said, you should ask that the court reporters records be read toyou. You must accept the court reporters record as accurate.]At the end of the trial, your notes will be [collected and destroyed/ collected and retained by the

court but not as a part of the case record.


Rule 2.1031 of the California Rules of Court provides: Jurors must be permitted to take written notes in all civil and criminaltrials. At the beginning of a trial, a trial judge must inform jurors that they may takefor this purpose.

Because of [the risks of note-taking], a number of courts have held that a cautionary instruction is required. For example,[one court] held that the instruction should include an explanation . . . that [jurors] should not permit their note-taking todistract them from the ongoing proceedings; that their notes are only an aid to their memory and should not take precedenceover their independent recollection; that those jurors who do not take notes should rely on their independent recollection of theevidence and not be influenced by the fact that another juror has taken notes; and that the notes are for the note takers own

personal use in refreshing his recollection of the evidence. The jury must be reminded that should any discrepancy existbetween their recollection of the evidence and their notes, they should request that the record of the proceedings be read backand that it is the transcript that must prevail over their notes. (People v. Whitt(1984) 36 Cal.3d 724, 747 [205 Cal.Rptr. 810,685 P.2d 1161], internal citations and footnote omitted.)

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4300. Introductory InstructionPage 1 of 1

This case is called an action for unlawful detainer. The plaintiff U.S. BANK has filed aclaim against ANTHONY J. MARTIN, claiming that Defendant is unlawfully remaining in

the home in which the defendant lives. The subject property is located at 1312 HarbourTown Lane, Modesto, California. The Plaintiff is seeking an order of this court permittingit to evict Defendant.In addition, the plaintiff is acting on behalf of U.S. BANK. In this case, there was achange of beneficiary on November 11, 2008 when the FDIC seized the assets ofDowney Savings and sold them to plaintiff U.S. BANK. Downey no longer maintained asecured interest in this subject property.Therefore, whatever interest had been vested in Downey Savings in the Subject Propertywas vested in U.S. Bank, N.A., by virtue of a Receivers Deed conveyed by the FDIC.

Because of the FDIC take over, the FDIC issues Receiver Deeds for all real propertysold in order that the new beneficiary, [in this case plaintiff U.S. BANK] may assert its

secured interest by recording the new Receivers Deed.For the purposes of this case and these instructions, plaintiffs predecessor in interest isDOWNEY SAVINGS BANK, F.A. Plaintiff U.S. BANK took over DOWNEY SAVINGSBANK F.A.s real property portfolio because as of May 15, 2009, the transfer of allDOWNEYS assets to PLAINTIFF U.S. BANK became final.Sources:It is a fundamental precept of property law that in order to enforce the power of sale, the beneficiary of a deed of trustmust be able to prove the existence of their secured interest in the subject property.Code of Civil Procedure section 1171 provides: Whenever an issue of fact is presented by the pleadings, it must betried by a jury, unless such jury be waived as in other cases. The jury shall be formed in the samemanner as other trial juries in an action of the same jurisdictional classification in the Court in which the action ispending.

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106. Evidence

Page 1 of 1

Sworn testimony, documents, or anything else may be admitted into evidence. You must decidewhat the facts are in this case from the evidence you see or hear during the trial. You may not

consider as evidence anything that you see or hear when court is not in session, even somethingdone or said by one of the parties, attorneys, or witnesses.What the attorneys say during the trial is not evidence. In their opening statements and closingarguments, the attorneys will talk to you about the law and the evidence. What the lawyers saymay help you understand the law and the evidence, but their statementsand arguments are not evidence.

The attorneys questions are not evidence. Only the witnesses answers are evidence. You shouldnot think that something is true just because an attorneys question suggests that it is true.However, the attorneys for both sides can agree that certain facts are true. This agreement is calleda stipulation. No other proof is needed and you must accept those facts as true in this trial.

Each side has the right to object to evidence offered by the other side. If I do not agree with theobjection, I will say it is overruled.If I overrule an objection, the witness will answer and you may consider the evidence. If I agreewith the objection, I will say it is sustained. If I sustain an objection, you must ignore thequestion. If the witness did not answer, you must not guess what he or she might have said or whyI sustained the objection. If the witness has already answered, you must ignore the answer.

There will be times when I need to talk to the attorneys privately. Do not be concerned about ourdiscussions or try to guess what is being said. An attorney may make a motion to strike testimonythat you have heard. If I grant the motion, you must totally disregard thattestimony. You must treat it as though it did not exist.

Sources and Authority Evidence Code section 140 defines evidence as testimony, writings, material objects, or other things presented to thesenses that are offered to prove the existence or nonexistence of a fact. Evidence Code section 312 provides:Except as otherwise provided by law, where the trial is by jury:(a) All questions of fact are to be decided by the jury.(b) Subject to the control of the court, the jury is to determine the effect and value of the evidence addressed to it, including thecredibility of witnesses and hearsay declarants. Evidence Code section 353 provides:A verdict or finding shall not be set aside, nor shall the judgment or decision based thereon be reversed, by reason of theerroneous admission of evidence unless:(a) There appears of record an objection to or a motion to exclude or to strike the evidence that was timely made and so statedas to make clear the specific ground of the objection ormotion; and(b) The court which passes upon the effect of the error or errors is of the opinion that the admitted evidence should have been

excluded on the ground stated and that the error or errorscomplained of resulted in a miscarriage of justice. A stipulation in proper form is binding on the parties if it is within the authority of the attorney. Properly stipulated facts maynot be contradicted. (Palmer v. City of Long Beach (1948) 33 Cal.2d 134,141142 [199 P.2d 952].) Courts have held that attempts to suggest matters

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200. Obligation to ProveMore Likely True Than Not True

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A party must persuade you, by the evidence presented in court, that what he or she isrequired to prove is more likely to be true than not true. This is referred to as the burdenof proof.After weighing all of the evidence, if you cannot decide that something is more likely tobe true than not true, you must conclude that the party did not prove it. You shouldconsider all the evidence, no matter which party produced the evidence.In criminal trials, the prosecution must prove that the defendant is guilty beyond areasonable doubt. But in civil trials, such as this one, the party who is required to provesomething need prove only that it is more likely to be true than not true.

In this action, the plaintiff has the burden of establishing, by a preponderance of theevidence, all the facts necessary to prove the following issues:The sole evidence being offered by Plaintiff is the Trustees Deed After Sale, which is

inadmissible evidence, because Plaintiff cannot and has not laid the proper foundationalproof that it was ever maintained a secured interest in this particular property.I. That the plaintiff U.S. BANK has a secured interest in deed of trust which was

assigned, acknowledged and recorded pursuant to Civil Code section 2932.5.

II. That the power of sale regarding the subject property was correctly performed

under California Code of Civil Procedure section 2924, and that the secured interest of

the current beneficiary has been properly acknowledged and recorded.

III. That there was proper acknowledgement and recordation of the Receivers Deed

which vests the new beneficiary with the power of sale pursuant to Civil Code section

2932.5.

IV. That there is a Receiver Deed recorded by plaintiff U.S. BANK regarding this

subject property.

Sources and Authority Evidence Code section 115 provides: Burden of proof means theobligation of a party to establish by evidence a requisite degree of beliefconcerning a fact in the mind of the trier of fact or the court. The burdenof proof may require a party to raise a reasonable doubt concerning theexistence or nonexistence of a fact or that he establish the existence ornonexistence of a fact by a preponderance of the evidence, by clear and convincing proof, or by proof beyond areasonable doubt. Except as otherwise provided by law, the burden of proof requires proof by a preponderance of theevidence. Evidence Code section 500 provides: Except as otherwise provided by law, a party has the burden of proof as toeach fact the existence or nonexistence of which is essential to the claim for relief or defense that

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he is asserting. Each party is entitled to the benefit of all the evidence, including the evidence produced by an adversary. (Williamsv. Barnett(1955) 135Cal.App.2d 607, 612 [287 P.2d 789]; 7 Witkin, California Procedure (4th ed. 1997) Trial, 305, p. 352.) The general rule in California is that [i]ssues of fact in civil cases are determined by a preponderance oftestimony. (Weiner v. Fleischman(1991) 54 Cal.3d 476, 483 [286 Cal.Rptr. 40, 816 P.2d 892], citationomitted.) The preponderance-of-the-evidence standard simply requires the trier of fact to believe that the existence of a fact

is more probable than its nonexistence. (In re Angelia P. (1981) 28 Cal.3d 908, 918 [171 Cal.Rptr. 637, 623 P.2d198], citation omitted.) Preponderance of the evidence means what it says, viz., that the evidence on one side outweighs,preponderates over, is more than, the evidence on the other side, not necessarily in number of witnesses orquantity, but in its effect on those to whom it is addressed. (Glage v.Hawes Firearms Co. (1990) 226 Cal.App.3d314, 325 [276 Cal.Rptr. 430] (quoting People v. Miller(1916) 171 Cal. 649, 652 [154 P. 468] and holding that it wasprejudicial misconduct for jurors to refer to the dictionary for definition of the word preponderance).)

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201. More Likely TrueClear and Convincing Proof

Page 1 of 1

Certain facts must be proved by clear and convincing evidence, which is a higher burdenof proof. This means the party must persuade you that it is highly probable that the factis true. I will tell you specifically which facts must be proved by clear andconvincing evidence.I. In order for plaintiff U.S. BANK to own the subject property due to the trustee sale,they must prove that they have the power of sale, as the new beneficiary, pursuant toCalifornia Civil Code Section 2932.5. The sole evidence being offered by Plaintiff is theTrustees Deed After Sale, which is inadmissible evidence, because Plaintiff cannot andhas not laid the proper foundational proof that it was ever maintained a secured interestin this particular property.

A. That U.S Bank, under California Civil Code 2932.5, can prove that theassignment was properly acknowledged and recorded.

B. That U.S. Bank is indeed the record owner.

C. That U.S. Bank can prove the proper foundational proof that theymaintained a secured interest in this property.

D. That U.S. Bank can provide clear and convincing proof that the FDICconveyed a Receivers Deed to U.S. Bank and that this Deed was recorded andacknowledge.Sources and AuthorityCalifornia Civil Code section 2932.5 provides that the assignee of a negotiable secured instrument may exercise thepower of sale provided the assignment was properly acknowledged and recorded.Proper acknowledgement and recordation of the Receivers Deed vests the new beneficiary with the power of salepursuant to Civil Code section 2932.5.Evidence Code section 115 provides: Burden of proof means the obligation of a party to establish by evidence arequisite degree of belief concerning a fact in the mind of the trier of fact or the court. The burden of proof mayrequire a party to raise a reasonable doubt concerning the existence or nonexistence of a fact or that he establish theexistence or nonexistence of a fact by preponderance of the evidence, by clear and convincing proof, or by proofbeyond a reasonable doubt. [] Except as otherwise provided by law, the burden of proof requires proof by apreponderance of the evidence.Proof by clear and convincing evidence is required where particularly important individual interests or rights are atstake, such as the termination of parental rights, involuntary commitment, and deportation. However, imposition ofeven severe civil sanctions that do not implicate such interests has been permitted after proof by a preponderance ofthe evidence. (Weiner v. Fleischman (1991) 54 Cal.3d 476, 487 [286 Cal.Rptr. 40, 816 P.2d 892] (quoting Herman& MacLean v. Huddleston (1983) 459 U.S. 375, 389390).)

Clear and convincing evidence requires a finding of high probability. ( In re Angelia P. (1981) 28 Cal.3d 908, 919[171 Cal.Rptr. 637, 623 P.2d 198].)

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204. Willful Suppression of Evidence

Page 1 of 1

You may consider whether one party intentionally concealed ordestroyed evidence. If you decide that a party did so, you may

decide that the evidence would have been unfavorable to thatparty.

The sole evidence being offered by Plaintiff is the Trustees Deed After Sale, which isinadmissible evidence, because Plaintiff cannot and has not laid the proper foundationalproof that it was ever maintained a secured interest in this particular property.

I. That plaintiff U.S. BANK did not convey whether it had or had not a securedinterest in this property.

II. That plaintiff U.S. BANK suppressed evidence that they had no secure interest inthis property and still recorded the Trustees Deed After Sale.

Sources and AuthorityEvidence Code section 413 provides: In determining what inferences to draw from the evidence or facts in the caseagainst a party, the trier of fact may consider, among other things, the partys failure to explain or todeny by his testimony such evidence or facts in the case against him, or his willful suppression of evidence relatingthereto, if such be the case.

Former Code of Civil Procedure section 1963(5) permitted the jury to infer [t]hat the evidence willfully suppressedwould be adverse if produced. Including this inference in a jury instruction on willful suppression is proper becauseEvidence Code section 413 was not intended as a change in the law. (Bihun v. AT&T Information Systems,Inc. (1993) 13 Cal.App.4th 976, 994 [16 Cal.Rptr.2d 787], disapproved of on other grounds in Lakin v. Watkins

Associated Industries (1993) 6 Cal.4th 644, 664 [25 Cal.Rptr.2d 109, 863 P.2d 179].)

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5000. Duties of the Judge and Jury

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Members of the jury, you have now heard all the evidence [and the closing arguments of

the attorneys]. [The attorneys will have one last chance to talk to you in closingargument. But before they do, it] [It] is my duty to instruct you on the law that applies tothis case. You must follow these instructions [as well as those that I previously gaveyou]. You will have a copy of my instructions with you when you go to the jury room todeliberate. [I have provided each of you with your own copy of the instructions.] [I willdisplay each instruction on the screen.]

You must decide what the facts are. You must consider all the evidence and then decidewhat you think happened. You must decide the facts based on the evidence admitted inthis trial. Do not do any research on your own or as a group. Do not usedictionaries, the Internet, or other reference materials. Do not investigate the case orconduct any experiments. Do not contact anyone to assist you, such as a family

accountant, doctor, or lawyer. Do not visit or view the scene of any event involved in thiscase. If you happen to pass by the scene, do not stop or investigate.

All jurors must see or hear the same evidence at the same time. [Do not read, listen to,or watch any news accounts of this trial.] You must not let bias, sympathy, prejudice, orpublic opinion influence your decision.

I will now tell you the law that you must follow to reach your verdict. You must follow thelaw exactly as I give it to you, even if you disagree with it. If the attorneys [have said/say]anything different about what the law means, you must follow what I say.In reaching your verdict, do not guess what I think your verdict should be from something

I may have said or done.

Pay careful attention to all the instructions that I give you. All the instructions areimportant because together they state the law that you will use in this case. You mustconsider all of the instructions together. After you have decided what the facts are, youmay find that some instructions do not apply. In that case, follow the instructions thatdo apply and use them together with the facts to reach your verdict.

If I repeat any ideas or rules of law during my instructions, that does not mean that theseideas or rules are more important than the others. In addition, the order in which theinstructions are given does not make any difference. [Most of the instructions are typed.

However, some handwritten or typewritten words may have been added, and somewords may have been deleted. Do not discuss or consider why words may havebeen added or deleted. Please treat all the words the same, no matter what theirformat. Simply accept the instruction in its final form.]


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Code of Civil Procedure section 608 provides that [i]n charging the jury the court may state to them all matters oflaw which it thinks necessary for their information in giving their verdict. It also provides that thecourt must inform the jury that they are the exclusive judges of all questions of fact. (See also Code Civ. Proc., 592.)

Evidence Code section 312(a) provides that [e]xcept as otherwise provided by law, where the trial is by jury [a]llquestions of fact are to be decided by the jury.

An instruction to disregard any appearance of bias on the part of the judge is proper. (Gist v. French (1955) 136Cal.App.2d 247, 257259 [288 P.2d 1003], disapproved on other grounds in Deshotel v. Atchinson,Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. (1958) 50 Cal.2d 664, 667 [328 P.2d 449] and West v. City of San Diego (1960) 54Cal.2d 469, 478479 [6 Cal.Rptr. 289, 353 P.2d 929].)

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5002. Evidence

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Sworn testimony, documents, or anything else may be admitted into evidence. You mustdecide what the facts are in this case from the evidence you have seen or heard duringthe trial, including any exhibits that I admit into evidence. You may not consider asevidence anything that you saw or heard when court was not in session, even somethingdone or said by one of the parties, attorneys, or witnesses.

What the attorneys say during the trial is not evidence. In their opening statements andclosing arguments, the attorneys talk to you about the law and the evidence. What thelawyers say may help you understand the law and the evidence, but their statementsand arguments are not evidence.

The attorneys questions are not evidence. Only the witnesses answers are evidence.You should not think that something is true just because an attorneys question

suggested that it was true.[However, the attorneys for both sides have agreed that certain facts are true. Thisagreement is called a stipulation. No other proof is needed and you must accept thosefacts as true in this trial.]

Each side had the right to object to evidence offered by the other side. If I sustained anobjection to a question, you must ignore the question. If the witness did not answer, youmust not guess what he or she might have said or why I sustained the objection. If thewitness already answered, you must ignore the answer.

[During the trial I granted a motion to strike testimony that you

heard. You must totally disregard that testimony. You must treat itas though it did not exist.]

Sources and Authority Evidence Code section 140 defines evidence as testimony, writings, material objects, or other things presented tothe senses that are offered to prove the existence or nonexistence of a fact. Evidence Code section 312 provides:Except as otherwise provided by law, where the trial is by jury:(a) All questions of fact are to be decided by the jury.(b) Subject to the control of the court, the jury is to determine the effect and value of the evidence addressed to it,including the credibility of witnesses and hearsay declarants. Evidence Code section 353 provides:A verdict or finding shall not be set aside, nor shall the judgment or decision based thereon be reversed by reason ofthe erroneous admission of evidence unless:(a) There appears of record an objection to or a motion to

exclude or to strike the evidence that was timely made and sostated as to make clear the specific ground of the objection ormotion; and(b) The court which passes upon the effect of the error or errors is of the opinion that the admitted evidence shouldhave been excluded on the ground stated and that the error or errors complained of resulted in a miscarriage of

justice.

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5006. Nonperson Party

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A corporation/partnership [U.S. BANK], is a party in this lawsuit. U.S. BANK is entitled tothe same fair and impartial treatment that you would give to an individual. You mustdecide this case with the same fairness that you would use if you were deciding the casebetween individuals. When I use words like person or he or she in theseinstructions to refer to a party, those instructions also apply to U.S. BANK.


Corporations Code section 207 provides that a corporation shall have all of the powers of a natural person incarrying out its business activities.Civil Code section 14 defines the word person, for purposes of that code, to include corporations as well as naturalpersons.

As a general rule, a corporation is considered to be a legal entity that has an existence separate from that of itsshareholders. (Erkenbrecher v.Grant(1921) 187 Cal. 7, 9 [200 P. 641].)

In general, any person or entity has capacity to sue or defend a civil action in the California courts. This includes

artificial persons such as corporations, partnerships and associations. (American Alternative Energy Partners II,

1985 v. Windridge, Inc. (1996) 42 Cal.App.4th 551, 559 [

DATED: August 4, 2010 LAW OFFICES OF TIMOTHY L. MCCANDLESS

By: _________________________________Attorneys for DefendantANTHONY J. MARTIN

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REQUEST for Jury Instructions

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Transcript of REQUEST for Jury Instructions