Republic Period

8/12/2019 Republic Period

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Republic Period

(1946-1972)


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What is a Republic

A government having a chief of state who is

not a monarch and who in modern times is a

president

A governmentin which supreme power

resides in a body of citizensentitled to vote

and is exercised by elected officers and

governing according to law


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Presidents during the Republic period


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The coming of the Republic Period

After the 3 year Reign of the Japanese Period,

a new period must come to light to keep

order. This was the Philippine Republic Period.

Inaugurated on the 4thof July, 1946.


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State of the Philippines during start of

the Republic period

The economy generally was in disarray

Rehabilitation aid was obviously needed, and

President Roxas was willing to accept some

onerous conditions placed implicitly and

explicitly by the U.S. Congress


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PhilippineU.S. relations was a major theme inPhilippine history for the first several decades after thewar

The Bell Act in the United States extended free tradewith the Philippines for 8 years, to be followed by 20years of gradually increasing tariffs.

The United States demanded and received a 99-yearlease on a number of Philippine military and navalbases in which U.S. authorities had virtual territorialrights

Historical events that molded the

Republic Period


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in 1965, however, a series of agreementsbetween the two countries reduced the sizeand number of the U.S. bases and shortened

base leases. Clumsy repression of dissent and the

fraudulent election of the countrys second

president, Elpido Quirino, in 1949 set thestage for an intensification of the communist-led Hukbalahap


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Suppression of the rebellion five years later,however, was due to the opening of thepolitical process to greater mass participation,

particularly during the campaign of RamonMagsaysay.

Magsaysays attempts at social and economic

reform failed largely because of theconservative outlook of the legislature and thebureaucracy.


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During Garcias presidential term and that of

his reform-minded successor, DiosdadoMacapagal. (196165), unrest was usually

channeled through the electoral process andpeaceful protest.

When Marcos was elected to the presidency.His administration faced grave economicproblems that were exacerbated bycorruption, tax evasion, and smuggling.


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Demands that the government meet the social

and economic needs of its citizenry continued.

Large student demonstrations urged the

convention to undertake a fundamental

restructuring of political power.


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Marcos pressed for the adoption of a

parliamentary style of government, which

would allow him to remain in power.

At the same time, foreign investors,

predominantly American, felt increased

pressure from economic nationalists in the

legislature.


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The Constitution

Until before 1973, the 1935 Constitution was

still being recognized.

According to the provisions of 1935

constitution, The government structure will

recognize a separation of power.


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1935 Constitution during the republic

period

With the approval of RA 6132, efforts with 310delegates to amend 1935 constitution startedon August 24, 1970

while in session Pres. Marcos DeclaredMartial Law (Sept. 21 1972)

The constitutional Convention completed

Draft Nov29 1972 Ratified January 17, 1973 thus ending 1935

Constituion

Republic Period

Documents

Transcript of Republic Period