Reproductive structures
-
Upload
jasper-obico -
Category
Business
-
view
711 -
download
0
Transcript of Reproductive structures
9/4/2013
1
REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURESOBICO JJA, Instructor Department of Biology, UP Manila
FLOWER
Reproductive organ of angiospermsAngiosperms- flowering plantsModified shoot with four whorls
SEPALS- calyxPETALS ll Non-reproductive partsPETALS- corolla
STAMENS- androeciumPISTILS- gynoecium
Non reproductive parts
Reproductive parts
PISTILPISTIL
STAMENSTAMENantheranther
filamentfilament
stylestylestigmastigma
Parts of a flowerParts of a flowerovaryovaryovuleovule
receptaclereceptacle
pedicelpedicelSEPALSEPAL
PETALPETAL
Parts of a flowerParts of a flower
FLORAL VARIATION
Complete and IncompletePerfect and Imperfect (Bisexual and Unisexual)
Unisexual flowers- either pistillate/ carpellate or staminate
Monoecious and DioeciousMonoecious and Dioecious
9/4/2013
2
MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
ALTERNATION OF GENERATION
9/4/2013
3
Carpels and stamensContain the sporangia
SporangiumContains the sporesChambers here male and female gametoph tes Chambers where male and female gametophytes develop
Male gametophyteSperm-containing pollen grain
Female gametophyteEgg-containing structures called embryo sacsEmbryo sac develop within the ovules
Development of male gametophyte (Pollen)Development of female gametophyte (Embryo)Pollination
9/4/2013
4
integument
funiculusmicropyle
POLLINATION
9/4/2013
5
SEEDContains a miniature plantSeed Dormancy
Very low metabolic rateNot growing and developingEnsures that germination ill occur at a time and Ensures that germination will occur at a time and place most advantageous to the seedling
GerminationResumption of growth and development
9/4/2013
6
SEED GERMINATIONImbibitionSeed coat expand and rupturesActivation of digestive enzymesMobilization of nutrients
Radicle- first structure to emergeTypes:
EpigealHypogeal
FRUITMature ovaryAs seed develops after fertilization, the ovary wall thickensProtects the enclosed Protects the enclosed seedOther floral parts witherVariation in fruits
Aid in their dispersal
9/4/2013
7
FROM OVARY TO FRUIT
A fruitDevelops from the ovaryProtects the enclosed seedsAids in the dispersal of seeds by wind or animals
Fruits are classified into several typesDepending on their developmental origin
Stamen
CarpelsFlowerOvary
StigmaStamen
Figure 38.9a–c
Simple fruit. A simple fruit develops from a single carpel (or several fused carpels) of one flower (examples: pea, lemon, peanut).
(a) Aggregate fruit. An aggregate fruit develops from many separate carpels of one flower (examples: raspberry, blackberry, strawberry).
(b) Multiple fruit. A multiple fruit develops from many carpels of many flowers (examples: pineapple, fig).
(c)Pineapple fruitRaspberry fruitPea fruit
Stamen
Carpel(fruitlet) Stigma
Ovary
Raspberry flower
Eachsegmentdevelopsfrom thecarpel ofone flower
Pineapple inflorescenceOvule
Pea flower
Seed
FRUIT TYPES
Based on Developmental OriginSimple- single ovaryAggregate- single flower with several unfused carpelsMultiple - inflorescence
B d T t f th P iBased on Texture of the PericarpDry
IndehiscentDehiscent
FleshyPericarp has visible layers
ExocarpMesocarpEndocarp
Fleshy Fruit Pericarp
FLESHY FRUIT PERICARP
9/4/2013
8
9/4/2013
9
FRUIT AND SEED DISPERSAL
Anemochory: Dispersal by wind. Autochory: Dispersal by physical expulsion, often explosively. Endozoochory: Dispersal through animal ingestion and excretioningestion and excretion.Epizoochory: Dispersal by attachment to fur or feathers. Hydrochory: Dispersal by water. Myrmecochory: Dispersal by ants.
9/4/2013
10
DISPERSAL OF FRUITS AND SEEDS