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DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 440 201 UD 033 496
AUTHOR Tumlin, Karen C.; Zimmermann, Wendy; Ost, JasonTITLE State Snapshots of Public Benefits for Immigrants: A
Supplemental Report to "Patchwork Policies." OccasionalPaper Number 24, Supplemental Report. Assessing the NewFederalism: An Urban Institute Program To Assess ChangingSocial Policies.
INSTITUTION Urban Inst., Washington, DC.SPONS AGENCY Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore, MD.; Kellogg
Foundation, Battle Creek, MI.; Robert Wood JohnsonFoundation, Princeton, NJ.; Henry J. Kaiser FamilyFoundation, Menlo Park, CA.; Ford Foundation, New York, NY.;John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Chicago, IL.;Mott (C.S.) Foundation, Flint, MI.; David and Lucile PackardFoundation, Los Altos, CA.; Weingart Foundation, LosAngeles, CA.; Fund for New Jersey, East Orange.; Lynde andHarry Bradley Foundation, Milwaukee, WI.; Joyce Foundation,Chicago, IL.; Rockefeller Bros. Fund, New York, NY.;McKnight Foundation, Minneapolis, MN.; Commonwealth Fund,New York, NY.
PUB DATE 1999-08-00NOTE 67p.; Additional funding provided by the Stuart Foundation.
Supplement to "Patchwork Policies," see ED 439 163.AVAILABLE FROM Urban Institute, 2100 M Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20037.
Tel: 202-833-7200; Fax: 202-429-0687; e-mail:[email protected]. For full text:http://newfederalism.urban.org/html/occa24_sup.html.
PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141)EDRS PRICE MF01/PC03 Plus Postage.DESCRIPTORS Eligibility; *Immigrants; Immigration; Policy Formation;
Profiles; *Public Policy; *State Programs; *Welfare ServicesIDENTIFIERS Welfare Reform
ABSTRACTAs a supplement to an analysis of the devolution of
policymaking for immigrants from the federal government to the states, thisreport provides a one-page summary of each state's immigrant eligibilityrules for cash, food, and health assistance programs. It also notes statenaturalization initiatives begun or expanded in the wake of welfare reform,and includes some background information on each state's immigrant populationand economy. Unless otherwise noted, all data on immigrant eligibility andprogram rules were current as of summer/fall 1998. Each profile containsgraphs of population by nativity and citizenship, and of noncitizenpopulation by poverty level. (SLD)
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State Snapshotsof PublicBenefits forImmigrants:A SupplementalReport to"PatchworkPolicies"
Karen C. Tum linWendy ZimmermannJason Ost
Occasional Paper Number 24Supplemental Report
'Assessingthe NewFederalismAn Urban InstituteProgram to AssessChanging Social Policies
3
The UrbanInstitute2100 M Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20037
Phone: 202.833.7200
Fax: 202.429.0687
E-Mail:
http://www.urban.org
Copyright © August 1999. The Urban Institute. All rights reserved. Except for short quotes, no part of thisbook may be reproduced in any form or utilized in any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, includingphotocopying, recording, or by information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from TheUrban Institute.
This report is part of the Urban Institute's Assessing the New Federalism project, a multiyear effort to monitorand assess the devolution of social programs from the federal to the state and local levels. Alan Weil is the projectdirector. The project analyzes changes in income support, social services, and health programs. In collaborationwith Child Trends, the project studies child and family well-being.
The project has received funding from The Annie E. Casey Foundation, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, TheRobert Wood Johnson Foundation, The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, The Ford Foundation, The JohnD. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, The David and LucilePackard Foundation, The McKnight Foundation, The Commonwealth Fund, the Stuart Foundation, theWeingart Foundation, The Fund for New Jersey, The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, the JoyceFoundation, and The Rockefeller Foundation.
The nonpartisan Urban Institute publishes studies, reports, and books on timely topics worthy of public con-sideration. The views expressed are those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Urban Institute,its trustees, or its funders.
The authors would like to thank the many state officials who provided the data necessary for this report and whoanswered countless questions on their programs. The authors would also like to thank Katrina Ryan, who helpedconduct early interviews for this report, and Michael Fix, Freya Sonenstein, and Alan Weil for their comments onearlier drafts. The authors also greatly appreciate Jeffrey Passel's expert assistance in analyzing Census Bureau dataand Alyse Freilich's help with the production of this report.
Assessing theNew Federalism
Assessing the New Federalism is a multiyear Urban Institute projectdesigned to analyze the devolution of responsibility for social programsfrom the federal government to the states, focusing primarily on healthcare, income security, job training, employment and training programs,
and social services. Researchers monitor program changes and fiscal developments.In collaboration with Child Trends, the project studies changes in family well-being.The project aims to provide timely, nonpartisan information to inform public debateand to help state and local decisionmakers carry out their new responsibilities moreeffectively.
Key components of the project include a household survey, studies of policies in13 states, and a database with information on all states and the District of Columbia,available at the Urban Institute's Web site. This paper is one in a series of occasionalpapers analyzing information from these and other sources.
Contents
Introduction
A Guide to the Report
State Summaries
1
1
Alabama 9 Montana 35
Alaska 10 Nebraska 36Arizona 11 Nevada 37Arkansas 12 New Hampshire 38California 13 New Jersey 39Colorado 14 New Mexico 40Connecticut 15 New York 41Delaware 16 North Carolina 42District of Columbia 17 North Dakota 43Florida 18 Ohio 44Georgia 19 Oklahoma 45Hawaii 20 Oregon 46Idaho 21 Pennsylvania 47Illinois 22 Rhode Island 48Indiana 23 South Carolina 49Iowa 24 South Dakota 50Kansas 25 Tennessee 51
Kentucky 26 Texas 52Louisiana 27 Utah 53Maine 28 Vermont 54Maryland 29 Virginia 55
Massachusetts 30 Washington 56Michigan 31 West Virginia 57Minnesota 32 Wisconsin 58Mississippi 33 Wyoming 59Missouri 34
About the Authors 61
State Snapshots of PublicBenefits for Immigrants
Introduction
This volume serves as a supplement to Patchwork Policies: State Assistancefor Immigrants under Welfare Reform. That report analyzes federal welfarereform's devolution of immigrant policymaking from the federal govern-ment to the states and examines the choices states made regarding immi-
grants' eligibility for federal and state programs. This companion report provides aone-page summary of each state's immigrant eligibility rules for cash, food, andhealth assistance programs. We also note state naturalization initiatives begun orexpanded in the wake of welfare reform and include some background informationon each state's immigrant population and economy. These state-by-state summariesare best used in conjunction with the main report, which provides more detailedinformation on the availability of public benefits in each state, including the level andtype of assistance available and the conditions imposed on eligibility. The main reportalso examines patterns of choices across states and draws some broad implications ofthese choices for immigrant families and for policy.
A Guide to the Report
The following serves as a guide for reading the state summaries. We describe eachdata item; explain the groupings, rankings, and scores used; and provide informationon data sources. Unless otherwise noted, all data on immigrant eligibility and pro-gram rules were current as of summer/fall 1998 and were collected from state offi-cials as part of an Urban Institute survey on state immigrant policies following fed-eral welfare reform (the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Recon-ciliation Act, PRWORA). For the purposes of this report, the District of Columbiais treated as a state.
Population and Economic Information
1996 Noncitizen population and state rank: Noncitizens are foreign-born personswho have not been naturalized. The state with the largest noncitizen population
'Assessingthe NewFederalism
Key Terms
Qualified Immigrant: An immigrantfalling into one of the followinggroups:
lawful permanent residentsrefugees/asylees (definedbelow)persons paroled into the UnitedStates for at least one yearbattered spouses and children(with a pending or approvedspousal visa or a petition forrelief under the ViolenceAgainst Women Act)
Unqualified Immigrant: An immi-grant not falling within the qualifiedimmigrant group (see above). Thisgroup includes undocumentedimmigrants, asylum applicants,many immigrants formerly consid-ered "permanently residing undercolor of law" (PRUCOL), as well asthose with temporary status, suchas students and tourists.Refugee/Asylee: A person admittedfor humanitarian reasons. (The fol-lowing groups are subject to thesame treatment as refugees andasylees):
persons with deportation/removal withheldCuban-Haitian entrantsAmerasians
Pre-enactment Immigrant: An immi-grant admitted to the United States onor before August 22, 1996, the datefederal welfare reform was enacted.Post-enactment Immigrant: Animmigrant admitted to the UnitedStates after the enactment of federalwelfare reform on August 22, 1996.Sponsor-Deeming: The attribution ofthe income and resources of an im-migrant's sponsor(s)the personwho signs a legally enforceable affi-davit of support(and their spouse)to the immigrant for purposes of de-termining eligibility for public benefits.
received a ranking of 1 and the state with the small-est noncitizen population received a ranking of 51.
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of state's pop-ulation and state rank: The state with the largestpercentage of noncitizens out of its total populationreceived a ranking of 1 and the state with the small-est percentage of noncitizens received a ranking of51.
Source for population data: Urban Institute tabula-tions of the U.S. Bureau of the Census CurrentPopulation Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPSaverages (1995, 1996, and 1997) were adjusted byJeffrey Passel of the Urban Institute to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status and to conformto Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumentedimmigrants to the extent they are included in theCPS.
1997 State budget surplus, state rank: The statebudget surplus is a measure of the size of eachstate's 1997 year-end balances as a percent of its1997 expenditures. Total balances include stateyear-end balances and balances in budget stabiliza-tion or rainy day funds. Data for Alaska and theDistrict of Columbia are not available. The remain-ing states are ranked from those with the largestbudget surpluses to those with the smallest. Thestate with the largest budget surplus received a rank-ing of 1 and the state with the smallest budget sur-plus received a ranking of 49.
Source: National Governors' Association and theNational Association of State Budget Officers.1998. The Fiscal Survey of States: May 1998. Wash-ington, D.C.
1997 Per capita personal income and state rank:This data item provides the average personal incomefor each state in 1997. The state with the highestper capita income received a ranking of 1 and thestate with the lowest per capita income received aranking of 51.
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1998. StatisticalAbstract of the United States: 1998 (118th edition).Washington, D.C.
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
Summary Measure of Immigrant Eligibility
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants: Using the data on program eli-gibility provided for each state, we created a summary measure of the extent to whichstates made their safety nets available to immigrants. States are grouped into four cat-egories, with those that made their safety nets the most available to immigrants incategory 1 and those that placed the most restrictions on immigrants in category 4.For a more detailed explanation of this measure, see Appendix B in the main report.
Cash Assistance
TANF to pre-enactment immigrants: PRWORA gave states the option of provid-ing Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) to qualified immigrants whowere admitted to the United States on or before August 22, 1996, the day federalwelfare reform was signed into law. (See definitions of qualified and pre-enactmentimmigrants in Key Terms above.) TANF is the federal block grant that replaced theAid to Families with Dependent Children program. Under TANF, states providecash assistance to low-income families with children.
State-funded TANF during the five-year bar: The federal welfare reform lawbarred most qualified immigrants who were admitted to the United States after thepassage of the law from TANF for their first five years in the country. Some stateshave opted to use their own funds to provide TANF to this group during the feder-al five-year bar.
Sponsor-deeming: States that created state-funded TANF programs duringthe five-year bar have the option of imposing sponsor-deeming on eligibleimmigrants. (See definition of sponsor-deeming in Key Terms above.)
Provision of TANF following the five-year bar: Following the federal five-year baron post-enactment immigrants, states have the option to provide TANF to qualifiedimmigrants. States that have not yet decided whether these immigrants will be eligi-ble for TANF are listed as "Undecided."
1998 TANF benefit level for a family of three and state rank: This item providesthe 1998 state maximum monthly TANF benefit levels for a family of three with noincome. When states provide different benefit levels for exempt families (those fam-ilies in which the parent or caretaker relative is not subject to work requirements),benefit levels for nonexempt families are provided. When benefit levels vary acrosscounties, the benefit level is provided for the county that has the largest share of thestate's TANF caseload.
Source: Falk, Gene, Carmen Solomon-Fears, Tom Gabe, Melinda Gish, and ShieneHansotia. 1998. Welfare Reform: Financial Eligibility Rules and Benefit AmountsUnder TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families). CRS Report for Congress.Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress. May15.
PIII1
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STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES" 3
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) substitute program for immigrants: Thefederal welfare reform law barred many immigrants from the SSI program, whichprovides cash assistance to low-income elderly and disabled persons. Since then,Congress has restored eligibility for most immigrants in the United States before thelaw's passage. A few states have created substitute programs for those immigrantswho remain ineligible for SSI.
Eligible groups: This data item lists the groups of immigrants eligible for theSSI substitute program, i.e., qualified versus unqualified and pre- versus post-enactment immigrants. (See Key Terms above for definitions of these terms.)
Sponsor-deeming: States that created substitute SSI programs have theoption of imposing sponsor-deeming on eligible immigrants. (See definitionof sponsor-deeming in Key Terms above.)
General Assistance (GA) or similar cash program: Some states have state or local-ly funded GA programs, which provide cash or in-kind benefits to low-income indi-viduals or families. These programs may be standard statewide, states may mandatecounties to run GA programs, or there may be locally run GA programs. This reportincludes information only on statewide or state-mandated and county-run programs.
Eligible groups: GA programs generally serve one or more of three types ofgroups: elderly or disabled individuals; families or children; and childlessadults.
Immigrant eligibility: This data item lists the groups of immigrantsqual-ified versus unqualified and pre- versus post-enactment immigrantswho areeligible for the state GA program. (See Key Terms above for definitions ofthese terms.) When a state has more than one GA-like program, immigranteligibility for the program that covers the most groups is listed.
1998 General Assistance (GA) benefit level: This item provides the 1998maximum monthly benefit for elderly or disabled individuals with no income.(This information is not provided for the District of Columbia because itdoes not have a GA program for the elderly or disabled.) See Appendix A inthe main report for complete information on GA benefit levels.
Food Assistance
State-funded food program for immigrants: The federal welfare reform lawbarred most immigrants from the federal Food Stamp program. Since then, Congresshas restored eligibility to some immigrants who were living in the United Stateswhen the law passed. Before these restorations, many states had created food pro-grams to cover immigrants no longer eligible for federal food stamps.
Eligible groups: This data item lists the groups of immigrants eligible for thesubstitute food program, i.e., qualified versus unqualified and pre- versus
Assessingthe NewFederalism
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
10
post-enactment immigrants. (See Key Terms above for definitions of theseterms.) In addition, if states limited access to discrete populations, such aselderly or disabled individuals and children, the specific groups are noted.
Sponsor-deeming: States that created substitute food programs have theoption of imposing sponsor-deeming on eligible immigrants. (See definitionof sponsor-deeming in Key Terms above.)
Health Care
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: As it did for TANF, PRWORA gave statesthe option of providing non-emergency Medicaid to qualified immigrants who wereadmitted to the United States on or before August 22, 1996. (See definition of qual-ified immigrants in Key Terms above.)
State-funded Medicaid during the five-year bar: The federal welfare reform lawbarred most qualified immigrants who were admitted to the United States after thepassage of the law from non-emergency Medicaid for their first five years in the coun-try. During this five-year bar, some states have opted to cover these immigrants withtheir own funds.
Sponsor-deeming: States that created state-funded Medicaid programs dur-ing the five-year bar have the option of imposing sponsor-deeming on eligi-ble immigrants. (See definition of sponsor-deeming in Key Terms above.)
Provision of Medicaid following the five-year bar: Following the federal five-yearbar on post-enactment immigrants, states have the option to provide non-emergencyMedicaid benefits to qualified immigrants. States that have not yet decided whetherthese immigrants will be eligible for Medicaid are listed as "Undecided."
Provision of Medicaid to certain unqualified immigrants: The federal welfarereform law barred unqualified immigrants from non-emergency Medicaid regardlessof their date of entry to the United States. Some states have opted to cover some ofthese unqualified immigrants using state funds. Generally, states have covered immi-grants previously considered "permanently residing under color of law" (PRUCOL)who were made eligible for benefits by the courts.
Medicaid generosity level: This measure was developed by Shruti Rajan of theUrban Institute to assess the generosity of states' Medicaid eligibility rules. Amongother factors, the scale accounts for state eligibility expansions beyond mandatorypopulations and the percentage of the population below 200 percent of poverty eli-gible for Medicaid. States with the most generous Medicaid eligibility rules are incategory 1, while states with the most restrictive eligibility rules are in category 8.
Source: The information needed to create this scale was drawn from published doc-uments, tabulations of the CPS, and Urban Institute case studies in 13 states. Datafor the District of Columbia are not available. For an explanation of this measure, seeShruti Rajan, 1998, "Publicly Subsidized Health Insurance: A Typology of StateApproaches," Health Affairs 17 (3): 101-117.
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
1i
"5,
State health insurance program: Some states have state or locally funded healthinsurance programs for low-income individuals or families who are ineligible forMedicaid. These programs may be standard statewide, states may mandate countiesto run health insurance programs, or there may be locally run health programs. Thisreport includes information only on statewide or state-mandated and county-runprograms.
Eligible groups: State health insurance programs generally serve one or more ofthree types of groups: elderly or disabled individuals; families or children; and child-less adults. When a state has more than one health insurance program, eligibility forthe program that covers the most groups is listed.
Immigrant eligibility: This data item lists the groups of immigrants eligiblefor the state health insurance program, i.e., qualified versus unqualified andpre- versus post-enactment immigrants. (See Key Terms above for definitionsof these terms.) When a state has more than one health insurance program,immigrant eligibility for the most inclusive program is listed.
Naturalization Initiatives
State naturalization initiative: In response to the immigrant restrictions in the fed-eral welfare reform law, some states reported creating or expanding naturalizationinitiatives in order to help noncitizens naturalize and retain public benefit eligibility.
Funding amount: This data item includes the amount of funds dedicated tothe state naturalization initiative and the most recent fiscal year for whichinformation was reported.
'--Assessingthe NewFederalism
6 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
12
State Summaries
13
AlabamaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
0% 1%
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 40,000 (31) state rank: 48
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (42) (state rank): $20,842 (39)
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
NO
NO
N/A
NO
$164 (50)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
Undecided
NO
7
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA =Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
14
9
AlaskaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
2% 2%
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornIIII Naturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,12,000 (44) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income2% (42) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
Informationnot available
$25,305 (20)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):
Immigrant eligibility:
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$923 (1)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewide
Elderly and disabled;families with children;
childless adults
All qualified andcertain unqualified
immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $2411 (13)
1. This benefit is an average for Alaska's two GA-like programs serving theelderly or disabled.
Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 7
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Elderly and disabled;families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: All qualified andcertain unqualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA =Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
10 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
15
ArizonaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
42%
Below Povertyo Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
29% Over 200% of29% Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,412,000 (7) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income9% (5) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
7
$22,364 (36)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
Food AssistanceYES State-funded food program for
immigrants:
NO Eligible group(s):N/A Sponsor-deeming:
YES
$347 (33)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideDisabled
All qualifiedimmigrants
$1731(22)
1. If the recipient is not renting housing, the maximum monthly benefit is$108.
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid following Informationthe five-year bar: not available
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
7
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
111THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
16 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
ArkansasPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-born°Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.*Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 28,000 (37) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (38) (state rank): $19,585
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
49
(49)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
NO
$204 (45)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
NO
8
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
12 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
17
CaliforniaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
19%
6%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
33%
Below Poverty" Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
,, Over 200% of36% "31% Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,6,048,000 (1) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income19% (1) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
46
$26,570 (14)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded TANF duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor- deeming: YES
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar: YES
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank): $565 (7)
SSI substitute program for immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): Pre- and certain post-enactment immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: NO
GA or similar cash program: YESState mandate tocounties
Eligible group(s):1 Elderly and disabled;families with children;
childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: All qualifiedimmigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):1 $221 (15)
1. This information is for Los Angeles County's General Relief or GeneralReliefMedical program.
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): Pre- and certainpost-enactment immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: NO
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 4
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s):1 Elderly and disabled;families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: All qualifiedimmigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $2,000,000 (FY 98)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
1111
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STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
18
13
ColoradoPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
2% 5%
93%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
26% Below Poverty
34%
Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
40%
POver20096 ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three -year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,195,000 (14) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income5% (15) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
22
$27,051 (10)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$356 (30)
NO
N/A
N/A
GA or similar cash program: YESStatewideEligible group(s): Elderly and disabled
Immigrant eligibility: All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $3781 (5)
1. This benefit level is an average for Colorado's two GA-like programs servingelderly and disabled individuals.
2. This information is for Colorado's Indigent Care Program. See tables andtext in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reformfor information on Colorado's other state health insurance programs.
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 8
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s):2
Immigrant eligibility:
Elderly and disabled;families with children
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
14 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
19
ConnecticutPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
4% 5%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
14%
Below PovertyLevel
Between 100% and 200% of
20%Poverty Level
Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank): 157,000 (16)
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank): 5% (17)
1997 State budget surplus,state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income(state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
30
$36,263 (1)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):
Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
YES
YES
YES
YES
$636 (3)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideElderly and disabled;
families with children
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
$350 (7)
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): All qualified immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 2
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Elderly and disabled;
Immigrant eligibility:families with children
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
20
15
DelawarePopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,20,000 (41) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income3% (23) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
2
$29,022 (6)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):
Immigrant eligibility:
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$338 (35)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideElderly and disabled;
children
Pre-enactment immigrants andpost-enactment immigrants
after a five-year bar
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $123 (35)
Z=N
'-=Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 7
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
21
District of ColumbiaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
55%23%
Below Poverty" Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% of" Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,36,000 (33) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income6% (10) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
Informationnot available
$35,852 (2)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
Food AssistanceYES State-funded food program for
immigrants:NO Eligible group(s):
N/A Sponsor-deeming:
YES
$379 (26)
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
Children
All qualified immigrants
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: Undecided
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level Information(scale 1-8): not available
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
22 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
17
FloridaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
10%
Native U.S.-born°Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
26% Below PovertyLevel
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% of44% 30% Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,1,431,000 (4) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income10% (4) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
21
$25,255 (21)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
1. Florida's food program ended on 10/31/98.
'"--TAssessingthe NewFederalism
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$303 (36)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES1
Eligible group(s): Pre-enactment children,elderly, and disabled immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: NO
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 6
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Children
Immigrant eligibility: All immigrant groups
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $2,000,000 (FY 98)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
'18 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
23
GeorgiaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
1% 2%
97%
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
20%
52%
128%
Below Povertyo Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% of" Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,155,000 (17) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income2% (26) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
16
$24,061 (26)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
YES
YES
NO
$280 (40)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
NO
5
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
24
HawaiiPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
10%
Native U.S.-born°Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
62%
13%
Below PovertyLevel
25%PovertyBetween 100% and 200% of
1-10ver 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,121,000 (21) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income10% (3) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
37
$26,034 (17)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
YES
YES
YES
YES
$570 (6)
NO
N/A
N/A
GA or similar cash program: YESStatewideEligible group(s): Elderly and disabled;
families with childrenl
Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
$3792 (4)
1. Families with children are served through the state Temporary Assistanceto Other Needy Families program.2. This benefit level is an average for Hawaii's two GA-like programsserving elderly and disabled individuals.
"Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: YES
YES
Provision of Medicaidthe five-year bar:
following
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
NO
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
20 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
25
IdahoPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
1% 3%
)96%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
34% Below Poverty31% Level
in Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% ofPoverty Level
35%
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,39,000 (32) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income3% (20) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
42
$20,478 (44)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:
Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
Food AssistanceYES State-funded food program for
immigrants:NO Eligible group(s):
N/A Sponsor-deeming:
YES
$276 (41)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESState mandateto counties
Varies by county
Varies by county
Varies by county
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
NO
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
NO
8
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
1111
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES" \2)
2BEST COPY AVAILABLE
6-
IllinoisPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
3% 6%
ICI.!1)91%
Native U.S.-bornI:3 Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
55%
17%
(1.4Below Poverty
" Level
IN Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
1-1 Over 200% of28% Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,695,000 (6) state rank:
_1997 Per capita personal income6% (12) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
36
$28,202 (8)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded TANF duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar: YES
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank): $377 (27)
SSI substitute program for immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): Pre-enactment immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: NO
GA or similar cash program:
Eligible group(s):1Immigrant eligibility:1
YESState mandateto localities
Disabled; children
Pre-enactment andpost-enactment immigrants
after a bar
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):1 $1001 (25)
1. This information is for the city of Chicago and the 60 other localitiesthat receive state funds and follow state guidelines for their GA andGAMedical programs.
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): Most pre-enactment andlimited post-enactment immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: NO
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: Undecided
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 7
State health insurance program: YESStatemandate to localities
Eligible group(s):1 Disabled; children
Immigrant eligibility:' Pre-enactment and post-enactment immigrants after a bar
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $1,500,000(FY 97)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA =Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
22 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
27
IndianaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-born°Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,36,000 (33) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income1% (47) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
1
$23,604 (30)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:
Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
Undecided
$288 (39)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESState mandateto counties
Varies by county
Varies by county
Varies by county
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
UndecidedProvision of Medicaid following
the five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
NO
7
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
111THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
2 8 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
23
IowaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996* Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.'Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,30,000 (36) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income1% (40) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
6
$23,102 (33)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:
Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
"=-Assessingthe NewFederalism
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$426 (19)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESState mandateto counties
Varies by county
Varies by county
Varies by county
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 6
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Children
Immigrant eligibility: All immigrantgroups
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
24 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
29
Kansas
Population by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
C3 PopulationNative U.S.-born
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 59,000 (29) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 2% (24) (state rank): $24,379
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
9
(25)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded TANF duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar: YES
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank): $429 (18)
SSI substitute program for immigrants: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
GA or similar cash program: YESStatewide
Eligible group(s): Disabled
Immigrant eligibility: Pre-enactmentqualified immigrants
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
NO
71998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank): $196 (21) State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Disabled
Immigrant eligibility: Pre-enactmentqualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
PITHE URBANINSTITUTE
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25
KentuckyPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
0% 1%
(1999%
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.`Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 24,000 (39) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (47) (state rank): $20,657
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
20
(42)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$262 (43)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
NO
5
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
G2N
'Z.'Assessingthe NewFederalism
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
26 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
31
LouisianaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.*Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 66,000 (27) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (33) (state rank): $20,680
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
44
(41)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
NO
$190 (47)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
NO
7
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA =Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
1111
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
32 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
27
MainePopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-born0 Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.`Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,13,000 (43) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income1% (40) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
39
$22,078 (37)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
YES
YES
YES
YES
$418 (23)
SSI substitute program for immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): Qualified immigrants
Sponsor deeming: YES
GA or similar cash program: YESStatewideEligible group(s): Elderly and disabled;
Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
families with children;childless adults
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
YES
All qualified immigrants
YES
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 3
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Elderly and disabled;$3871 (3) families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: All qualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:1. Maximum monthly benefits vary by county from $333 to $487 permonth. This is the average monthly benefit level.
Th'TZAssessing
the NewFederalism
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
28 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
33
MarylandPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
3%5%
92%
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
67%
15%Below PovertyLevel
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
/-1 Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CI'S averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank): 261,000 (9)
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank): 5% (15)
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state
1997 State budget surplus,state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income(state rank):
grouping (scale 1-4): 1
18
$28,969 (7)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
YES
YES
YES
YES
$388 (25)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewide
Disabled
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $113 (24)
1. This inthrmation is for Maryland's Primary Care program. See tables andtext in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under WelfareReform for information on Maryland's other state health insurance programs.
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): Qualified immigrant children
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: NO
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 4
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s):1 Disabled
Immigrant eligibility:) All qualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $75,000 (FY 98)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
34
29
MassachusettsPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
55%
18%
27%Over 200% of
Below PovertyLevel
and 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to confirm to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,327,000 (8) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income5% (14) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
28
$31,524 (4)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):
Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
YES
YES
NO
Undecided
$565 (7)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideElderly and disabled;
families with children
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
$339 (8)
7;-
1. This information is for Massachusetts's Children's Medical Security Plan.
.--=Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): All qualifiedimmigrants
Sponsor deeming: NO
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: NO
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 3
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s):1 Children
Immigrant eligibility:) All immigrant groups
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $2,000,000 (FY 98)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
30 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
35
MichiganPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
64%
o Below Poverty" Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
12% 1-1 Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 224,000 (12) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 2% (24) (state rank): $25,560
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
10
(19)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded TANF duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar: YES
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank): $4591 (15)
SSI substitute program for immigrants: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
GA or similar cash program: YESStatewideEligible group(s): Elderly and disabled
Immigrant eligibility: Pre-enactment qualifiedimmigrants eligible for SSI
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $246 (12)
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
YES
2
YES
1. This benefit level is for Wayne County. Benefits vary across the state toaccount for shelter costs.
Eligible group(s): Information not available
Immigrant eligibility: Information not available
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
PITHE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
3631
MinnesotaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
2% 3%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
24%
40%
,__, Below PovertyLevel
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,138,000 (19) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income3% (22) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
4
$26,797 (11)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming: N/A
GA or similar cash program: YESStatewideEligible group(s): Elderly and disabled;
children
Immigrant eligibility: Qualified pre-enactment andcertain post-enactment immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
YES
YES
YES
YES
$532 (12)
NO
N/A
1. This information is for Minnesota's Minnesota Care Program.
"--'Assessingthe NewFederalism
$203 (18)
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
YES
All qualified immigrants
YES
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 4
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s):1 Elderly and disabled;families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $1,000,000 (FY 98)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
32 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
BEST COPY AVAILABLE 37
MississippiPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996* Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
0% 1%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Noncitizens
99%
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.'Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 25,000 (39) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (42) (state rank): $18,272
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
14
(51)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
NO
$120 (51)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
NO
YES
6
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
PITHE URBANINSTITUTE
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38 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
33
MissouriPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,70,000 (25) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income1% (37) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
28
$24,001 (27)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
YES
YES
YES
YES
$292 (37)
NO
N/A
N/A
GA or similar cash program: YESStatewideEligible group(s): Disabled; children
Immigrant eligibility: Qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $80 (41)
Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):
Sponsor-deeming:
YES
Former foodstamp recipients
NO
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
NO
N/A
YES
YES
7
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Disabled; children
Immigrant eligibility: Qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/ANot applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
34 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
39
MontanaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.*Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 7,000 (48) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (44) (state rank): $20,046
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
41
(47)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$450 (16)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
NO
7
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
40
3,5
NebraskaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Currcnt Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.'Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,28,000 (37) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income2% (31) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
3
$23,803 (28)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:)Eligible group(s):1Immigrant eligibility:11998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):1
YES
YES
YES
YES
$364 (28)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideDisabled
All qualified immigrants
$645 (1)
1. This information is for Nebraska's State Disability Program. In additionthe state mandates counties to run GA programs.
-.=Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
YES
All qualified immigrants
NO
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 6
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
36' STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
BEST COPY AVAILABLE41
NevadaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
3% 8%
E89%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
24%
42%
34%
,..., Below Poverty" Level
IN Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,130,000 (20) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income8% (8) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
8
$26,791 (12)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:
Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$348 (32)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESState mandateto counties
Varies by county
Varies by county
Varies by. county
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 8
State health insurance program: YESStatemandate to counties
Eligible group(s): Varies by county
Immigrant eligibility: Varies by county
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
42
37
New HampshirePopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,17,000 (42) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income2% (33) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
45
$28,047 (9)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$550 (10)
YES
Eligible group(s): Pre-enactment immigrantsand post-enactment immigrants
after a five-year bar
Sponsor-deeming: NO
GA or similar cash program:
Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
YESState mandate totowns/cities
Varies by town/city
Varies by town/city
Varies by town/city
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 1
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
YES
Children
Information not available
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
38' STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
43
New JerseyPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
15%Below PovertyLevel
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
58% Over 200% of27% II Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,696,000 (5) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income9% (6) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
24
$32,654 (3)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
YES
NO
N/A
YES
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): Most pre-enactmentimmigrants
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Health Care1998 TANF benefit level for a
family of three (state rank): $424 (21)Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringSSI substitute program for immigrants: NO the five-year bar: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A Provision of Medicaid followingGA or similar cash program: YESStatewide the five-year bar: YES
Eligible group(s): Disabled; children; Provision of Medicaid to certainchildless adults unqualified immigrants: YES
Immigrant eligibility: Pre-enactment qualifiedand certain unqualified
immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $210 (30)
1. This information is for New Jersey's Charity Care program. See tablesand text in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under WelfareReform for information on New Jersey's other state health insuranceprogram.
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 4
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s):1 Elderly and disabled;families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility:] All immigrant groups
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $4,000,000 (FY 97)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
EllTHE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
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3\9
New MexicoPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
2% 6%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
,_, Below Poverty
50%Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,104,000 (24) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income6% (13) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
43
$19,587 (48)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded TANF duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar: YES
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank): $389 (24)
SSI substitute program for immigrants: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
GA or similar cash program: YES
Eligible group(s): Disabled; immigrantfamilies with children
Qualified immigrantsImmigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
' ...7Assessingthe NewFederalism
$231 (14)
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid following Informationthe five-year bar: not available
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
5
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
45
New YorkPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Below Poverty25% I:I Level
Between 100% and 200% of48% I Poverty Level
Over 200% of27% overty LevelP
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,2,187,000 (2) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income12% (2) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
47
$30,752 (5)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):
Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank):
1. This benefit level is for New York City.
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$577 (5)1
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideElderly and disabled;
families with children;childless adults
Qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
$3521 (6)
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): Pre-enactment children,elderly, and disabled immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: NO
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 4
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Children
Immigrant eligibility: All immigrant groups
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $2,500,000 (FY 98)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WANot applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES" '41'
4 6 BESTCOPYMILABLE
North CarolinaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-born°Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
42%
Below Poverty36% Level
NIBetween 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% of" Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 149,000 (18) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 2% (26) (state rank): $23,345
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
23
(32)
Cash Assistance Food AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
YES State-funded food program forimmigrants: NO
the five-year bar: NO Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar: YES
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank): $272 (42) State-funded Medicaid during
the five-year bar: NOSSI substitute program for immigrants: NO Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/AProvision of Medicaid following
the five-year bar: YES
GA or similar cash program: NO Provision of Medicaid to certainEligible group(s): N/A unqualified immigrants: NO
Immigrant eligibility: N/A Medicaid generosity level1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank): N/A(scale 1-8): 6
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A= Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
42 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
47
North DakotaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
1% 1%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.*Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 3,000 (51) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (50) (state rank): $20,271
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
13
(46)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$490 (13)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
YES
8
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
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43
Ohio
Population by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
65%
Below PovertyLevel
mi Between 100% and 200% of21% Poverty Level
1-1 Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,120,000 (22) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income1% (38) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
25
$24,661 (22)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):
Immigrant eligibility:
Food AssistanceYES State-funded food program for
immigrants:NO Eligible group(s):
N/A
NO
$362 (29)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewide
Elderly and disabled;children and pregnant women
Pre-enactmentqualified immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $2001 (19)
1. The maximum monthly benefit is $200 for pre-enactment immigrantswho are ineligible for SSI; the maximum benefit for all other recipients is$115.
"=Assessingthe NewFederalism
YES
Elderly and disabledpre-enactment immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: NO
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 8
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Health Care
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
44 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
BEST COPY AVAILABLE49
OklahomaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,48,000 (30) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income1% (33) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
11
$20,556 (43)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$292 (37)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: Undecided
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 6
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
BEST COPY AVAILABLE50
45
OregonPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
41%
Below Poverty29% o Level
IN Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,192,000 (15) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income6% (11) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
5
$24,393 (24)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
Th---.7Assessing
the NewFederalism
YES
YES
YES
YES
$460 (14)
YES
Qualified immigrants
Information not available
YESStatewideElderly and disabled
Qualified immigrants
$298 (10)
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
NO
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
NO
5
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
46 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
51
PennsylvaniaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
53%
Below Poverty25% CI Level
si Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
1-1 Over 200% ofPoverty Level
22%
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,215,000 (13) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income2% (30) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
33
$26,058 (16)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
YES
YES
YES
YES
$421 (22)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideDisabled; families with children
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $215 (16)
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 5
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Disabled; families withchildren; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES" 47
52 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
Rhode IslandPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
4% 7%
Native U.S.-bornCI Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
19%
49%
032%
Below Povertyo Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% ofPoverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,66,000 (27) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income7% (9) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
26
$25,760 (18)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Food AssistanceYES State-funded food program for
immigrants:YES Eligible group(s):NO Sponsor-deeming:
YES
$554 (9)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideDisabled
Pre-enactment and certainpost-enactment immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $200 (19)
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
YES
Pre-enactment immigrants
NO
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: NO
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 3
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Disabled
Immigrant eligibility: Pre-enactment and certainpost-enactment immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $389,000 (FY 98)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welthre Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
48 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
53
South CarolinaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
1% 0%Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.'Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,12,000 (44) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income0% (51) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
12
$20,755 (40)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
Undecided
$201 (46)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid following Informationthe five-year bar: not available
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 5
State health insurance program: Informationnot available
Eligible group(s): Information not available
Immigrant eligibility: Information not available
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
54 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
49
South DakotaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
0% 1%
CI99%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,6,000 (50) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income1% (44) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
38
$21,447 (38)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:
Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
`=Assessingthe NewFederalism
NO
NO
N/A
Undecided
$430 (17)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESState mandateto counties
Varies by county
Varies by county
Varies by county
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
NO
N/A
Undecided
NO
7
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
50 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
55
Tennessee
Population by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.*Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 36,000 (33) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (46) (state rank): $23,018
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
31
(34)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
YES
YES
YES
$185 (49)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
NO
N/A
N/A
YES
NO
N/A
YES
NO
4
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
56
51
TexasPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
9%
Native U.S.-bornC3 Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Below Poverty34% 34% CI Level
Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% of" Poverty Level
32%
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,1,637,000 (3) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income9% (7) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
17
$23,656 (29)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceYES State-funded food program for
immigrants:NO
N/A
NO
$188 (48)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
YES
Eligible group(s): Pre-enactment elderly anddisabled immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: NO
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: Undecided
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 7
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
52' STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
57
UtahPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996 Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
2% 3%
95%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Below Poverty34% 32% Level
NI Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
0 Over 200% of" Poverty Level
34%
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Burcau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,67,000 (26) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income3% (20) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
34
$20,432 (45)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):
YES
YES
YES
NO
$426 (19)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideDisabled; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: Pre-enactment immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $261 (11)
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health Care
NO
N/A
N/A
Medicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 6
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s): Elderly and disabled;families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: Qualified pre-enactmentand post-enactment immigrants
after a five-year bar
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
58 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
`53'
VermontPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-born0 Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.*Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,10,000 (46) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income2% (31) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
35
$23,401 (31)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s): Elderly and
YES
YES
Information not available
Immigrant eligibility:
1998 GA benefit level forindividual (state rank):
YES
$656 (2)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewidedisabled; families
with children; childless adults
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
an$4041(2)
1. The maximum monthly benefit in Chittenden County is $449.00.2. This information is for Vermont's General Assistance Medical program. Seetables and text in Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants underWelfare Reform for information on Vermont's other state health insuranceprogram.
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 2
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s):2 Elderly and disabled;families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
54 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
59
VirginiaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
2% 4%
Native U.S.-born°Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
0 Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
59%
17%Below Poverty
" Level
IN Between 100% and 200% ofPoverty Level
Over 200% of24%13 Poverty Level
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 236,000 (10) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 4% (19) (state rank): $26,438
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
31
(15)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
Undecided
$354 (31)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: Information not avail able
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: NO
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 8
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/ANot applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
PITHE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
6 fl
5,5
WashingtonPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
3% 4%
Native U.S.-born0 Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Below Poverty" Level
si Between 100% and 200% of52% Poverty Level
o Over 200% of" Poverty Level
21%
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank):
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank):
1997 State budget surplus,234,000 (11) state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income4% (18) (state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 1
27
$26,718 (13)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):
Immigrant eligibility:
YES
YES
YES
YES
$546 (11)
NO
N/A
N/A
YESStatewideDisabled; children and
pregnant women
All qualified and certainunqualified immigrants
1998 GA benefit level for anindividual (state rank): $339 (8)
1. This information is for Washington's Basic Health Plan. See tables and text inPatchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform forinformation on Washington's other state health insurance programs.
''Assessingthe NewFederalism
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
YES
All qualified immigrants
YES
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: YES
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: Undecided
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: YES
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 2
State health insurance program: YES
Eligible group(s):1 Elderly and disabled;families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility:1 All immigrant groups
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: YES
Funding amount: $1,500,000 (FY 98)
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
56 STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
61
West VirginiaPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
0% 1%
99%
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population(state rank): 10,000 (46)
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage ofstate's population (state rank): 1% (47)
1997 State budget surplus,state rank:
1997 Per capita personal income(state rank):
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 4
19
$18,957 (50)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
NO
N/A
YES
$253 (44)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
NO
N/A
N/A
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid following Informationthe five-year bar: not available
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
6
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
6 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
57'
WisconsinPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996
1% 2%
Native U.S.-born1=1 Population
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correct foroverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 109,000 (23) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 2% (26) (state rank): $24,475
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 2
39
(23)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
YES
YES
YES
$628 (4)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants: YES
Eligible group(s): All qualified immigrants
Sponsor-deeming: YES
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants: YES
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar: NO
Sponsor-deeming: N/A
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar: YES
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants: NO
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8): 3
State health insurance program: NO
Eligible group(s): N/A
Immigrant eligibility: N/A
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative: NO
Funding amount: N/A
'Assessingthe NewFederalism
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. N/A=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
58° STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
63
WyomingPopulation by Nativity and Citizenship, 1996*
Native U.S.-bornPopulation
Foreign-bornNaturalized Citizens
Noncitizens
Noncitizen Population by Poverty Level, 1996
Sample sizes for this state are too smallto provide data on the noncitizen population
in poverty.
Source: Urban Institute tabulations of U.S. Bureau of the Census Current Population Survey (CPS) data. Three-year CPS averages (1995, 1996, 1997) were adjusted to correctforoverstatement of citizenship status to conform to Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data. Noncitizen estimates include undocumented immigrants.Population estimates for this state should be used with caution because of small sample sizes.
1996 Noncitizen population 1997 State budget surplus,(state rank): 7,000 (48) state rank:
1996 Noncitizens as a percentage of 1997 Per capita personal incomestate's population (state rank): 1% (33) (state rank): $22,648
Availability of the state safety net to immigrants, state grouping (scale 1-4): 3
15
(35)
Cash AssistanceTANF to pre-enactment immigrants:State-funded TANF during
the five-year bar:Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of TANF followingthe five-year bar:
1998 TANF benefit level for afamily of three (state rank):
SSI substitute program for immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
GA or similar cash program:Eligible group(s):Immigrant eligibility:1998 GA benefit level for an
individual (state rank):
YES
YES
YES
YES
$340 (34)
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
N/A
N/A
N/A
Food AssistanceState-funded food program for
immigrants:Eligible group(s):Sponsor-deeming:
Health CareMedicaid to pre-enactment immigrants:
State-funded Medicaid duringthe five-year bar:
Sponsor-deeming:
Provision of Medicaid followingthe five-year bar:
Provision of Medicaid to certainunqualified immigrants:
Medicaid generosity level(scale 1-8):
State health insurance program:
NO
N/A
N/A
NO
NO
N/A
NO
NO
8
YES
Eligible group(s): Elderly and disabled;families with children; childless adults
Immigrant eligibility: All immigrant groups
Naturalization InitiativeState naturalization initiative:
Funding amount:
Note: Summary information only. See Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants under Welfare Reform for details. WA=Not applicable.Source: The Urban Institute, data collected from state administrators and secondary documents. Data are current as of summer/fall 1998,unless otherwise noted.
NO
N/A
THE URBANINSTITUTE
STATE SNAPSHOTS OF PUBLIC BENEFITS FOR IMMIGRANTS: A SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO "PATCHWORK POLICIES"
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About the Authors
Karen C. Tumlin is a research associate in the Urban Institute's Population StudiesCenter. Her work focuses on immigrant policy and child welfare. For the Assessingthe New Federalism project, she has coauthored several reports, including The Costof Protecting Vulnerable Children: Understanding Federal, State, and Local ChildWelfare Spending and Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants underWelfare Reform.
Wendy Zimmermann is a senior research associate in the Urban Institute's Popu-lation Studies Center. Her research concentrates on immigration and immigrantpolicy. She has coauthored several recent publications on immigrants and welfarereform, including The Legacies of Welfare Reform's Immigrant Restrictions andDeclining Immigrant Applications for Medi-Cal and Welfare Benefits in Los Angeles.
Jason Ost was an intern in the Urban Institute's Population Studies Center, wherehe assisted in developing and maintaining the database of state decisions regardingimmigrant eligibility for this report. Mr. Ost is a recent graduate of GeorgetownUniversity.
65
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