Reproduction in Plant Ida

8/20/2019 Reproduction in Plant Ida

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* SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

* ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION



REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

• Like animals, plants also reproduce ot!ase"uall# and se"uall#$

• Ase"ual reproduction in plants is eit!er #

%ission, uddin&, %ra&mentation andre&eneration, spore %ormation or #

'e&etati'e propa&ation or 'e&etati'e

reproduction o% plant parts$• Se"ual reproduction is # %usion o% male

and %emale &ametes and it occurs in

%lo(erin& plants$



ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

IN FLOWERING PLANT

T!e %ormation o% ne( indi'idual %roma plant od# part ot!er t!an t!e%lo(er, meanin& t!at is %rom a root,

a stem, or lea%$



)$ NATURAL ASE*UAL REPRODUCTION

Can !appen it # sel%

+$ ARTIICIAL ASE*UAL REPRODUCTION

To !appen # man



1. NATURAL ASEXUAL

REPRODUCTION

A type of plant wo!e !te" #$ow! %y &$eep'n# on

te #$o(n) &an #$ow new plant! at te po'nt on

te !te" w'& ae )'$e&t &onta&t w't te#$o(n)

E+a"ple! , &loe$ - !t$aw%e$y- #$a!!e!

1. STOLON

Vegetative propagation by

runner in grass



A $'o"e '! a o$'ontal (n)e$#$o(n) !te"w'& po!!e!!e! )$y !&ale leae! an) %()!.

E+a"ple! , T("e$'&- lallan#- #'n#e$-"ote$an) law- &anna

Vegetative propagation by

rhizome in ginger

/. R0IO2E



A %(l% '! a "o)'f'e) !oot &on!'!t'n# of a flattene)-)'!&3l'4e !te" %ea$'n# %()!- fle!y an) )$y !&ale

leae!. Foo) '! !to$e) 'n te fle!y !&ale leae!.

Vegetative propagation by bulb in onion

5. 6(l%



A type of plant w'& a$e an (n)e$#$o(n) !te"

!to$'n# foo)- w'& &an #$ow !oot! f$o" 't!

eye!

Vegetative propagation by tuber in potato

7. TU66ER



Plant w'& $ep$o)(&e %y leae! ae t'&4an) fle!y leae!. New plant! #$ow at te !')e!

of "at($e leae!.

E+a"ple! , %$yopyll("- Calan&oe !p.

8. LEA9ES



/. ARTIFICIAL ASEXUAL

REPRODUCTION

-arcottin&, (!ic! is peelin& a piece o% t!eark o%% a stem circular# round t!e stem

and co'erin& t!e e"posed sur%ace (it! soil

to stimulate t!e &ro(t! o% roots

E"amples . -an&&o, Ramutan

1. 2ARCOTTING



2ATERIALS .

• /umus

• Plant

• Strin&• Tissue

• 0ni%e

PROCEDURE .

1 C!oose a plant (it! t!edisered &ood

c!aracteristics

1 A rin& o% ark and p!loemis remo'ed %rom a !ealt!#

ranc! o% t!e plant

1 T!e rin& is co'ered (it!!umus 2lack soil3

1 T!e soil is co'ered (it!

plastic and tied



4ra%tin&, (!ic! is connectin& a piece o% t!e stemo% a plant to a lar&er stem o% anot!er plant o% t!esame species # insertin& one end o% t!e smallerpiece into t!e cut and split end o% t!e lar&er stem

or # stickin& a ud %rom one plant on t!e stem o%anot!er plant o% t!e same species

/. GRAFTING



S!ort piece o% stem or lea'es cut %rom its

parent plant and planted to produce a ne(

plant$

a$A stem cuttin& . su&arca&a and cassa'a

plant

$ A lea% cuttin& . Calanc!oe dan e&onia

plant

5. CUTTING



La#erin&. La#erin& is t!e de'elopment o% rootson a stem (!ile it is still attac!ed to t!e parent

plant$ T!e stem or t!e ranc! t!at de'elops

ad'entitious roots (!ile still attac!ed to t!e

parent plant is called a la#er$ It is a means o%reproduction in lack rasperries, 5asmine

2Jasminum3, Magnolia, etc$

7. LA:ERING



1 Tissue culture. T!is is a modern tec!ni6ue o% 'e&etati'e

propa&ation$

1 In t!is tec!ni6ue, a small piece o% tissue is cut %rom a plant

and is trans%erred to a container (it! nutrient medium

under aseptic conditions$

1 T!e tissue utili7es nutrients %rom t!e medium, di'ides and

re8di'ides, and %orms a callus$

1 Small portions o% t!is callus are trans%erred to anot!er

medium (!ic! induces di%%erentiation and plantlets are

produced$ T!ese plantlets are transplanted in soil to %orm

an adult plant$ Orc!ids, Chrysanthemum, Asparagus and

man# ot!er plants are no( ein& &ro(n # usin& plant

tissue culture tec!ni6ue$

8. TISSUE CULTURE



SEXUAL REPRODUCTION INFLOWERING PLANT

1 lo(er is t!e reproducti'e or&an o%

An&iosperms

1 Cones is t!e reproducti'e or&an o%4#mnosperms

t



e exua epro uct onOrgan of Flowering

PlantsP'!t'l

Sta"en

Petal

Sepal



Poll'nat'on

• T!e trans%er o% pollen %rom t!e ant!er to t!e %emalesti&ma is termed pollination$ T!is is accomplis!ed # a'ariet# o% met!ods$ Entomop!#l# is t!e trans%er o% pollen# an insect$ Anemop!#l# is t!e trans%er o% pollen #

(ind$ Ot!er pollinators include irds, ats, (ater, and!umans$ Some %lo(ers 2%or e"ample &arden peas3de'elop in suc! a (a# as to pollinate t!emsel'es$ Ot!ers!a'e mec!anisms to ensure pollination (it! anot!er%lo(er$

• lo(er color is t!ou&!t to indicate t!e nature o%pollinator. red petals are t!ou&!t to attract irds, #ello(%or ees, and (!ite %or mot!s$ 9ind pollinated %lo(ers!a'e reduced petals, suc! as oaks and &rasses$

http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookglossPQ.html

http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookglossPQ.html



T!ere are t(o t#pes o% pollination.

;a<Self3poll'nat'on

Sel%8pollination is t!e trans%erence o%pollen &rains

2i3 %rom t!e ant!er to t!e sti&ma o% t!e

same %lo(er

2ii3 %rom t!e ant!er to t!e sti&ma anot!er%lo(er in t!e same plant

;%< C$o!!3p=ll'nat'on

Cross8pollination is t!e trans%erence o%pollen &rains et(een %lo(er on t!e

separate plants (!ic! are o% t!e same

species$



Do(%le Fe$t'l'at'on

• T!e process o% pollination ein& accomplis!ed, t!epollen tue &ro(s t!rou&! t!e sti&ma and st#le to(ardt!e o'ules in t!e o'ar#$ T!e &erm cell in t!e pollen &raindi'ides and releases t(o sperm cells (!ic! mo'e do(nt!e pollen tue$ Once t!e tip o% t!e tue reac!es t!emicrop#le end o% t!e emr#o sac, t!e tue &ro(s t!rou&!into t!e emr#o sac t!rou&! one o% t!e s#ner&ids (!ic!%lank t!e e&&$ One sperm cell %uses (it! t!e e&&,producin& t!e 7#&ote (!ic! (ill later de'elope into t!ene"t8&eneration sporop!#te$ T!e second sperm %uses

(it! t!e t(o polar odies located in t!e center o% t!e sac,producin& t!e nutriti'e triploid endosperm tissue t!at (illpro'ide ener&# %or t!e emr#o:s &ro(t! andde'elopment$

http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookglossE.html

http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookglossE.html



Structure o% t!e %emale &ametop!#te 2enr#o

sac3 and t!e e'ents approac!in& %ertili7ation



T!e e'ents o% ;doule %ertili7ation; o% t!e

e&& and polar nuclei # t!e t(o sperm cells



Sta&es o% &ro(t! and de'elopment

o% t!e emr#o

Reproduction in Plant Ida

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