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ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Future City Representation The Future City Representation THE CITY OF PEGASUS Preston Liew Ru Ping 0313822 FNBE April 2013 Preston Liew Ru Ping | 0313822| Group d | FNBE April 2013 | Taylor’s University 1

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ENBE | Final Project | Part A – Report | The Future City Representation

The Future City Representation

THE CITY OF PEGASUS

Preston Liew Ru Ping 0313822

FNBE April 2013

Preston Liew Ru Ping | 0313822| Group d | FNBE April 2013 | Taylor’s University1

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*you can rearrange the text and add a picture of YOUR City or whatever that is suitable.

Content:

1. Introduction (describe the project brief, the things that you have to do etc)

2. A City (describe the definition, your findings and information on what is a city, what makes a good city etc)

3. Investigation & Data Collection: The Ancient cities (describe and layout your findings and the conclusion 1-2 cities preferably almost similar to your selected future city )

4. Investigation & Data Collection: The present city/cities (describe and layout your findings and the conclusion preferably 2-3 cities )

5. Investigation & Data Collection: The future city/cities (describe and layout your findings and the conclusion preferably a city that is related to your selection 1-2 cities)

6. The “X” City (describe and explain what happen to the “X” City and what are the things that is required in the new future city)

7. The New “X” City / Or the new name (describe the new facilities, characters etc of the new city)

8. The Process and Progress (organized documents of weekly research and tutorial sketches or findings scan it in or insert the original documents)

9. The Conclusion (describe what was important and others should follow or perhaps should know and what did you learned)

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10. References list

These are just guidelines. You may add more topic if you want. Don’t forget the page number Don’t forget to insert images, diagrams etc to support your

1. Introduction

* (describe the project brief, the things that you have to do etc + how does it relate to the subject. Max 3 paragraph.. Not more than 150 words.)

This project requires me to investigate an existed city and propose a future city. My proposed city will be sized as much as 25-40km2 with population ranging 150,000 – 500,000. And the desired citizens will be Malaysians.

My task here is to make a “proposal” to create a whole new city. But before I create my own city, I have to study other cities as well. I will need to understand how does a city works, for example how does it shelter people, how does it populate, what is it’s protection and defense system etc.

The idea of this project is to help me understand the component and elements of a city and how does it help me in building a better future city.

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2. The City

(Describe the definition, your findings and information on what is a city, what makes a good city etc)

2.1 The City Definition2.2 What is the brief history2.3 What makes a city2.4 What makes a good city2.5 What is the future city2.6 Etc

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It is a large town. A city is a legally government presence. It can provide local government services to its citizens. It also has a high concentration of people or a large population.

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2.1 THE CITY DEFINITION

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In the past, a city is built as a central of trade to benefit the residents living nearby.

Benefits: Cost of transports are reduced Members living at close quarters are able to trade ideas and

interact Able to receive recent news and information Large local central markets

Disadvantage: Higher rate of crime More bloodshed Cost of living gets higher Pollution gets worst

“According to Gordon Childe, a historic city can be determined with 10 general metrics:

1. Size and density of the population should be above normal.2. Differentiation of the population. Not all residents grow their own food,

leading to specialists.3. Payment of taxes to a deity or king.4. Monumental public buildings.5. Those not producing their own food are supported by the king.6. Systems of recording and practical science.7. A system of writing.8. Development of symbolic art.9. Trade and import of raw materials.10.Specialist craftsmen from outside the kin-group.”

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2.2 WHAT IS THE BRIEF HISTORY

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• Areas for people to get an occupation and an existing government organization to control the law and order of the city.

• Some things that make a city are a long history, a large population, and a centre where business and local government takes place.

• Involvement of road systems, transportation, building, markets, industrial, commercial, residential areas and etc.

• A large population of people in search of jobs

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2.3 WHAT MAKES A

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A prior condition to a good city is:– Walkable streets– Great public transport facility – Mixed used neighborhood– Examples: London, New York, Hong Kong and Tokyo are great cities

for this sole reason

Besides that, a good city needs these following criteria:

Low crime rate Strong business sector Good housing market Diverse leisure activities Good education system Green areas Affordable medical, social services, sanitation and fire protection Stable economy A secure water supply and sanitation system A stable source of energy

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2.4 WHAT IS A GOOD

2.5 WHAT IS THE FUTURE CITY

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The future could be predicted. But if we were to predict what we want for our future city, experts will be expected to:

Start designing and planning smarter urban environments Maintain an ever-growing population Modify what is already existing to something better Greenify the existing city (since most ideas nowadays means that

greener cities = smarter cities) Hooked up to the network/internet everywhere

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2.5 WHAT IS THE FUTURE CITY

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3. Investigation & Data Collection:Ancient Cities

(Describe and layout your findings and the conclusion 1-2 cities preferably almost similar to your selected future city)

3.1 When did it start? History and all3.2 What ancient city are you concentrating on?3.3 What makes is a significant city and what are the details?3.4 Conclusion about the cities3.5 What information or element that you can use to your new future city3.6 Etc

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SANCHI

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3.1 When did it start? History and all

Sanchi is one of the famous pilgrimage centers for the Buddhist pilgrims. There are a number of reputed Buddhist centers in eastern India and Nepal, but no other place boasts of a direct connection with the life of Lord Buddha, as Sanchi.

Sanchi's importance as a major pilgrimage center began to increase from the time when Ashoka the Mauryan Emperor tied the knot with a woman from Besnagar, a place situated close by. Ashoka then went on to construct a glazed stone pillar and a stupa built of brick and mortar. These constructions were a significant landmark in the history of Sanchi. They can be traced back to the 3rd century BC. The complex was refurbished and additions and alterations were made by the successive dynasties, but the waning of Buddhism brought in its wake the decline of Sanchi that lay abandoned for a considerable time, till it was brought to life in the year 1818 by General Taylor of the Bengali cavalry.

3.2 What ancient city are you concentrating on?

I am concentrating on the ancient city of Sanchi.Sanchi i is a small village in Raisen District of the state of Madhya Pradesh, India, it is located 46 km north east of Bhopal, and 10 km from Besnagar and Vidisha in the central part of the state of Madhya Pradesh.

3.3 What makes it a significant city and what are the details?

The 'Great Stupa' at Sanchi is the oldest structure and was originally commissioned by the emperor Ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE. Its nucleus was a hemispherical brick structure built over the relics of the Buddha. It was crowned by the chatra, a parasol-like structure symbolising high rank. A pillar of finely polished sandstone was also erected. The old stupa was later covered when it was expanded.

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Sanchi, specially Stupa 1, has a large number of Brahmi inscriptions. Although most of them are small and mention donations, they are of great historical significance. James Prinsep in 1837, noted that most of them ended with the same two Brahmi characters. Princep took them as "danam" (donation), which permitted the decipherment of the Brahmi script,

3.4 Conclusion about the cities

On flipping through the pages of the history of Sanchi, you would stumble upon a lot of interesting information on the historical background of Sanchi that would have otherwise remained under covers. Restoration activity in Sanchi gained a fillip during the 20th century which saw the reconstruction of the chief stupas.

3.5 What information or element that you can use to your new future city

The material to build stupa Buddhist pilgrim

3.6 Etc

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4. Investigation & Data Collection:Present Cities

(Describe and layout your findings and the conclusion 1-2 cities preferably almost similar to your selected future city)

4.1 When did it start? History and all4.2 What city are you concentrating on?4.3 What makes is a significant city and what are the details?4.4 Conclusion about the cities4.5 What information or element that you can use to your new future city4.6 Etc

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THE CITY OF TOKYO

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4.1 When did it start? History and all

The history of Tokyo stretches all the way back to 400 years ago. Tokyo was originally named Edo during the Tokugawa Period (1603-1868) established by Tokugawa Shogunate. Edo is also the center of politics and culture of Japan. In the mid-eighteenth century, the population increased up to a million. The Edo period lasted around 260 years until the Meiji Restoration in 1868 when Tokugawa Shogunate ended and the imperial rule was reestablished.

During the Meiji Era (1868-1912), Japan started its passionate absorption of western culture. The mansions of feudal lords were built with stones and bricks and roads were paved with round stones.

During the Taisho Era (1912-1926), the amount of people working in cities has increased and due to the increase in population of citizens, the city began to lead consumer lifestyles. Besides that, the educational system and performing arts such as theater and opera has also improved.

However in September 1923, Tokyo was basically destroyed by the Great Kanto Earthquake. The fire caused from the earthquake burned the city center to the ground. Approximately 140,000 of people were reported dead or lost. A city reconstruction plan was developed, but only a small part of it was realized due to the exceeded budge.

After the earthquake, the Showa Era (1926-1989) started in a melancholy state. However, the first subway line from Asakusa to Uena in 1927. The Tokyo airport was completed in Haneda during 1937 and the port of Tokyo was opened in 1941. By 1935, the Tokyo residents were comparable to the residents of London and New York (6.36 million).

The Pacific War that broke out during 1941 and made a great impact on Tokyo. In the final part of the war, Tokyo was bombed 102 times in total. In 10th March 1945, the heaviest air raid happened, a great number of lives were loss and material damage. The war finally came to an end in 2nd September 1945 when the Japanese government and military representatives signed the Instrument of Surrender.

4.2What city are you concentrating on?

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I am focusing on the city of Tokyo. Tokyo is the capital city of Japan and it is one of the most crowded metropolises in the world. It is also one of Japan’s 47 districts under the government of a prefect, consisting of 23 central city wards.

Today’s Tokyo offers boundless options of shopping, entertainment, culture and dining to its visitors and citizens. Besides that, it has many excellent museums, historic temples and gardens. Tokyo also has a number of appealing green spaces in the city center that are within reach by public transports.

4.3What makes is a significant city and what are the details?

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VENDING MACHINES

The vending machines in Tokyo are everywhere. They are a source of refreshment for the citizens and visitors of Tokyo because of the humidity of the city. These machines doesn’t only sell drinks, it sells cigarettes, condoms, ice creams, food and a wide variety of other products

CONVIENIENCE STORES

The convenience stores in Tokyo are clean, well-lighted, and open 24-7. Convenience stores are today’s general stores (kedai runcit) that caters everyone’s needs such as foods, drinks, household items etc.

FAST FOOD CHAIN

Fast food restaurants such as KFC and McDonald’s are very good in Tokyo. Not only that, it’s very popular as well.

TAXIS AND TRANSPORTATION

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Tokyo has the cleanest taxis and formally dressed taxi drivers (suited up in ties, a vest and dark pants)

Biking is also quite a popular way to get around places in Tokyo.

Tokyo also has an efficient but terrifying subway system. Subway maps and the 12 subway lines are illustrated on the bulletin boards. It is not tourist-friendly as the language used for the annotation is in Japanese. One wrong move and the tourist could end up in Osaka.

ADDRESS AND STREET SIGNS

Citizens in Tokyo rarely leave home without a map to a new destination. Only

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the larger streets in Tokyo have street signs, but even those aren’t listed in address. The way they organize their addresses are – numbers are used instead of names, with numbers representing the districts, and organizations, the address could be very confusing. For example: “La Porte Aoyama 1F-2F, 5-51-8 Jingumae, Shibuya-Ku.”

THE RESTROOMS

There are two types of public toilets in Japan – Western styled ones that everyone is accustomed to and Japanese styled ones that requires the user to squat facing the back wall.

4.4Conclusion about the cities

The reason I chose Tokyo to be my present city is because of the way it organizes everything with so much residents. It maximizes the efficiency of space very well and everything is within reach.

4.5What information or element that you can use to your new future city

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The subway system Maximizing space efficiency The vending machines and convenient stores Public toilets Eco-friendly transport system Less automobile

4.6Etc

5 Investigation & Data Collection:Future Cities

(Describe and layout your findings and the conclusion 1-2 cities preferably almost similar to your selected future city)

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5.1 When did it start? History and all5.2 What city are you concentrating on?5.3 What makes is a significant city and what are the details?5.4 Conclusion about the cities5.5 What information or element that you can use to your new

future city5.6 Etc

5.1When did it start? History and allIn the year 2084, chemical warfare devastates the Earth. There is little habitable land

remaining and it is divided into two territories — the United Federation of Britain (UFB) and the Colony (Australia). Many residents of the Colony travel to the UFB to work in their factories via "the Fall", a gravity elevator, which travels through the Earth. A Resistance operating in the UFB seeks to improve life in the Colony.

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THE FUTURE CITY

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5.2What city are you concentrating on?

UFB is a city opposite of the colony in the movie Total Recall. It is located in Australia and it is very modern. The specialty of UFB is the modernistic of technology. It consists of floating cars that rely on magnetism, inside palm cellphone, live display on any clear surfaces etc and it is the centre for the government and rich people.

But the colony is the exact opposite of UFB. It is dark, dull, unsafe and chaotic due to the low wealth residential locations.

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5.3What makes is a significant city and what are the details?

The contrast of the city is what makes the city so special and the way the both cities reach each other – through “the Fall”. The contrasts of both cities are very huge,

5.4Conclusion about the cities

I like the modernism of the cities from the movie. Not only it is out of the norm but it’s very futuristic as well. Besides that the cities provide good walkability that allows the residents to walk around to places they desire and the convenience provided from it. There won’t be a huge gap between rich and poor residents as I believe in equality.

5.5What information or element that you can use to your new future city

Modern technology Very special transports Great walkability No contrast

5.6Etc

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4 The “X” City

(describe and explain what happen to the “X” City and what are the things that is required in the new future city)

4.1 When did it start? History and all4.2 Who are the people, population religion etc4.3 What are their cultural, needs, type of jobs4.4 What would be a good future city for them?4.5 Conclusion about the X city4.6 Etc

4.1 When did it start? History and all

Kota Kinabalu , formerly known as Jesselton is the capital of the state of Sabah, which is located in

East Malaysia. It is also the capital of the West Coast Division of Sabah. The city is located along the

northwest coast of Borneo facing the South China Sea. The Tunku Abdul Rahman National Park lies

on its west and Mount Kinabalu, which gave the city its name, is located towards the east.

Kota Kinabalu is often known as KK within Malaysia and internationally. For the locals it is also known

as Api-Api. It is a major fishing destination and a popular gateway for travellers visiting Sabah and

Borneo. Kinabalu National Park is located about 90 kilometres from the city and there are many tourist

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attractions in and around the city. Kota Kinabalu is also one of the major industrial and commercial

centres of East Malaysia.

4.2 Who are the people, population, religion etc

Kota Kinabalu proper has a population of 452,058,  while the larger urban area, which includes the Penampang district, has an estimated population of 628,725.

Kota Kinabalu is a multi-cultural city with races such as Chinese, Malay, Indian, Indonesians, Philipinos etc.

Most of them are grouped as four big religions – Christians, Buddhists, Hindus and Muslims.

4.3 What are their cultural, needs, type of jobsThere are three main races in Kota Kinabalu – Chinese, Malays, Indians.

There is a diversity of jobs in Kota Kinabalu ranging from fishing to photography to land developing etc.

4.4 What would be a good future city for them

Everybody drives in Kota Kinabalu, the public transport is not that efficient, and therefore it’ll be a huge mess most of the time due to the jam. A good future city would be having a controlled amount of vehicles and more efficient public transports

4.5 Conclusion about the X city

The people should start carpooling for a start to reduce the amount of traffic on the road. And more highways should be built for the people there because most people in Kota Kinabalu are unaware that they are driving very slowly and it causes the traffic to be quite messed up. Besides that, the government should start providing more public transports like bus and start building LRT or MRT’s there.

4.6 Etc

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5 The New “X” City / The New NAME?

-THE CITY OF PEGASUS-

(describe the new facilities, characters etc of the new city…. Insert information realted to the brief “Part A iii C”)

5.1 How did you came up with the solution to create this new city5.2 Why is it on air etc5.3 What is the important characteristic and elements5.4 Etc… “Part A iii C”5.5 Conclusion about the new X city5.6 Etc

5.1 How did you came up with the solution to create this new city

5.2 Why is it on air etc5.3 What is the important characteristic and elements5.4 Etc… “Part A iii C”5.5 Conclusion about the new X city

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5.6 Etc

6 The Process & Progress

(organized documents of weekly research and tutorial sketches or findings scan it in or insert the original documents)

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7 Conclusion(describe what was important and others should follow or perhaps should know and what did you learned)

Max 3 paragraph.. not more that 150 words

Through this assignment, I have learnt that it is not all about the shape and size of the city but the planning of the city. It is important to feel as if you’re there as a citizen INSIDE the city and visualize what do you want inside the city.

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8 Reference Links

1. Rosenberg, Matt http://geography.about.com/library/faq/blqzcitytown.htm2. http :// answers.ask.com/Science/Other/what_makes_a_city 3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City 4. Hirst, K. Kris http://archaeology.about.com/od/jterms/qt/jericho.htm5. http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/PROFILE/overview01.htm 6. http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2164.html 7. Wakefield, Jane http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-207705188. Baltazar, Lori http://dessertcomesfirst.com/archives/631/9. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1386703/

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