Report on Phc - Post Martial Law Presidents

8/8/2019 Report on Phc - Post Martial Law Presidents

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The Ramos, Estrada and ArroyoThe Ramos, Estrada and Arroyo Administration Administration



yy Major Issues of Presidency Major Issues of Presidency

yy Domestic PoliciesDomestic Policies

yy

Foreign PoliciesForeign Policiesyy Midterm ElectionsMidterm Elections

yy ControversiesControversies

yy Philippine Centennial CelebrationPhilippine Centennial Celebration

yy End of Presidency End of Presidency yy Post Presidency Post Presidency

yy Advocacies Advocacies



yyMajor Acts as PresidentMajor Acts as PresidentMajor TreatiesMajor Treaties

Major Legislation SignedMajor Legislation Signed



FIRSTFIRST RPRP--USUS VISITING VISITING FORCESFORCES AGREEMENT AGREEMENT

TheThe RPRP--USUS Visiting Visiting ForcesForces Agreement Agreement isis aa bilateralbilateralagreementagreement betweenbetween thethe PhilippinesPhilippines andand thethe UnitedUnitedStatesStates consistingconsisting of of twotwo separateseparate agreementagreementdocumentsdocuments.. TheThe firstfirst of of thesethese documentsdocuments isis commonly commonly referredreferred toto asas "the"the VFA" VFA" oror "VFA "VFA--11,, andand thethe secondsecond asas"VFA "VFA--22"" oror "the"the CounterpartCounterpart Agreement" Agreement".. BothBothdocumentsdocuments becamebecame effectiveeffective onon May May 2727,, 19991999,, uponuponratificationratification by by thethe PhilippinePhilippine SenateSenate.. TheThe UnitedUnitedStatesStates governmentgovernment regardsregards thesethese documentsdocuments asasExecutiveExecutive Agreements Agreements notnot requiringrequiring approvalapproval by by thetheUU..SS.. SenateSenate..



yy RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 76537653 -- TheThe NewNew CentralCentral BankBank Act Act ..

yy RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 76387638 -- CharterCharter of of thethe DepartmentDepartment of of Energy Energy..

yy

RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 76487648 -- ElectricElectric PowerPower CrisisCrisis Act Act..yy RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 78327832 -- Anti Anti--electricity electricity andand ElectricElectric

TransmissionTransmission Lines/MaterialsLines/Materials PilferagePilferage Act Act of of 19941994..

yy RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 81798179 -- An An actact furtherfurther liberalizingliberalizing

foreignforeign investments,investments, amendingamending forfor thethe purposepurpose**RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 70427042,, andand forfor otherother purposespurposes..

yy RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 82938293 -- TheThe IntellectualIntellectual Property Property CodeCodeof of thethe PhilippinesPhilippines (Philippine(Philippine copyrightcopyright law)law)..



y The Philippines then was experiencing widespreadbrownouts due to huge demand for electricity andantiquity of power plants.

y Ramos issued licenses to independent power

producers (IPP) to construct power plants within 24months

y Ramos issued supply contracts that guaranteed thegovernment would buy whatever power the IPPs

produced under the contract in U.S. dollars to enticeinvestments in power plants



y Fidel Ramos declared his support for reinstating thedeath penalty.

y Capital punishment was abolished for all crimes in

1987, making the Philippines the first Asian country todo so.

y In 1996 Ramos signed a bill that returned capitalpunishment with the electric chair "until the gas

chamber could be installed" .y Adaptation of the lethal injection.



yy PresPres.. RamosRamos was was instrumentalinstrumental inin thethe signingsigning of of thethe finalfinal peacepeace agreementagreement betweenbetween thethegovernmentgovernment andand thethe MoroMoro NationalNational LiberationLiberationFrontFront (MNLF)(MNLF) ledled by by NurNurMisuariMisuari inin 19961996..

yy OrderedOrdered thethe resumptionresumption of of peacepeace negotiationsnegotiations with with thetheMoroMoro IslamicIslamic LiberationLiberation FrontFront (MILF)(MILF) ledledby by SalamatSalamat HashimHashim andand thethe CommunistCommunist Party Party of of thethe PhilippinesPhilippines--NationalNational DemocraticDemocratic FrontFront,,

which which operatesoperates thethe NewNew People'sPeople's Army Army,, ledled by by Jose JoseMariaMaria SisonSison..

yy RepublicRepublic Act Act 76367636,, -- repealedrepealed thethe Anti Anti--SubversionSubversionLawLaw



yy

RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 78817881,, 19951995 Amended Amended certaincertain provisionsprovisions of of RA RA 66576657 andand exemptedexempted fishpondsfishponds andand prawnsprawns fromfrom thethecoveragecoverage of of CARPCARP..

yy RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 79057905,, 19951995 StrengthenedStrengthened thetheimplementationimplementation of of thethe CARPCARP..

yy ExecutiveExecutive OrderOrder NoNo.. 363 363,, 19971997 LimitsLimits thethe typetype of of landslands thatthat

may may bebe convertedconverted by by settingsetting conditionsconditions underunder which which limitslimitsthethe typetype of of landslands thatthat may may bebe convertedconverted by by settingsettingconditionsconditions underunder which which specificspecific categoriescategories of of agriculturalagriculturallandland areare eithereither absolutely absolutely nonnon--negotiablenegotiable forfor conversionconversion ororhighly highly restrictedrestricted forfor conversionconversion..

yy RepublicRepublic Act Act NoNo.. 84358435,, 19971997 (Agriculture(Agriculture andand FisheriesFisheries

ModernizationModernization Act Act AFM A) AFM A) PluggedPlugged thethe legallegal loopholesloopholes ininlandland useuse conversionconversion..yy RepublicRepublic Act Act 85328532,, 19981998 (Agrarian(Agrarian ReformReform FundFund Bill)Bill)

ProvidedProvided anan additionaladditional PhpPhp5050 billionbillion forfor CARPCARP andandextendedextended itsits implementationimplementation forfor anotheranother 1010 years years..



yy parliamentary parliamentary systemsystem

yy PhilippinePhilippine version version of of presidentialpresidential bicameralbicameralsystemsystem

yy Rally Rally atat RizalRizal ParkParkyy dismisseddismissed aa petitionpetition filedfiled by by thethe People'sPeople's

InitiativeInitiative forfor Reform,Reform, ModernizationModernization andand Action Action (PIR M A)(PIR M A) thatthat soughtsought toto amendamend thetheConstitutionConstitution throughthrough aa signaturesignature campaigncampaign oror"People's"People's InitiativeInitiative..



TheThe PhilippinePhilippine governmentgovernment issuedissued aa formalformalprotestprotest overover ChinaChina's's occupationoccupation of of thethe reef reef andandthethe PhilippinePhilippine Navy Navy arrestedarrested sixty sixty--twotwo ChineseChinesefishermenfishermen atat Half Half MoonMoon Shoal,Shoal, eighty eighty kilometerskilometersfromfrom PalawanPalawan..



yy OneOne of of thethe downturnsdownturns of of hishis administrationadministration was was hishis experienceexperience inin handlinghandling migrantmigrant

workers workers protectionprotection

yy RepublicRepublic Act Act 80428042,, betterbetter knownknown asas thetheMagnaMagnaCartaCarta forfor OverseasOverseas Workers Workers oror thethe MigrantMigrant

Workers Workers Act Act..



TheThe 19971997 Asian Asian FinancialFinancial CrisisCrisis,, which which startedstarted ininThailand,Thailand, was was aa majormajor blowblow toto thethe RamosRamos

administrationadministration.. TheThe economy economy was was hithit by by currency currency devaluationdevaluation.. TheThe samesame was was truetrue forfor thethe ThaiThai baht,baht,MalaysiaMalaysia ringgitringgit andand IndonesiaIndonesia rupiahrupiah.. GrowthGrowthfellfell toto aboutabout --00..66%% inin 19981998 fromfrom 55..22%% inin 19971997,, butbutrecoveredrecovered toto 33..44%% by by 19991999.. ItIt alsoalso resultedresulted toto thetheshutshut downdown of of somesome businesses,businesses, aa declinedecline ininimportation,importation, riserise unemploymentunemployment raterate andandunstableunstable financialfinancial sectorsector..



LegislativeLegislative electionselections andand locallocal electionselections were were heldheldinin thethe PhilippinesPhilippines onon May May 88,, 19951995 -- halfway halfway throughthrough PresidentPresident Ramos'Ramos' sixsix--year year termterm.. FilipinosFilipinosprotectedprotected thethe ballotballot boxesboxes with with theirtheir liveslives andand

campaignedcampaigned againstagainst traditionaltraditional politicianspoliticians who whousedused bribery bribery,, flyingflying voters, voters, violence, violence, electionelectionriggingrigging,, stealingstealing of of ballotballot boxesboxes andand etcetc.. TheThePhilippinePhilippine NationalNational PolicePolice (PNP)(PNP) hadhad listedlisted fivefivedeaddead andand listedlisted moremore thanthan 200200 hotspotshotspots beforebefore

thethe electionelection andand duringduring thethe electionelection day day listedlisted 300 300hotspotshotspots.. Ramos'Ramos' administrationadministration--coalitioncoalition won won 99senatesenate seatsseats andand aa majority majority of of thethe seatsseats inin thethehousehouse..



ChargesCharges of of allegedalleged massivemassive corruptioncorruption orormisusemisuse of of fundsfunds blemishedblemished thethe resultingresulting

programsprograms andand various various projects,projects, oneone of of which which was was thethe CentennialCentennial ExpoExpo andand Amphitheater Amphitheater atatthethe formerformer ClarkClark Air Air BaseBase inin Angeles Angeles City City,,PampangaPampanga,, supposedly supposedly Ramos'Ramos' petpet projectproject..



yy PresidentPresident FidelFidel RamosRamos was was accusedaccused of of corruptioncorruption inin thethe PEA PEA--Amari Amari dealdeal..

yy displaceddisplaced overover 3 3,,000000 fishingfishing andand coastalcoastalfamiliesfamilies ininManilaManila Bay Bay

yy Amari Amari CoastalCoastal Bay Bay ResourcesResources andand FilinvestFilinvestDevelopmentDevelopment

yy PublicPublic EstateEstate Authority Authority (PEA)(PEA)



OnOn June June 1212,, 19981998,, thethe nationnation celebratedcelebrated itsits centennialcentennial year year of of IndependenceIndependence fromfrom SpainSpain.. TheThe celebrationscelebrations were were heldheld simultaneously simultaneously nationwidenationwide by by thenthenPresidentPresident FidelFidel V V.. RamosRamos andand FilipinoFilipino communitiescommunities

worldwide worldwide.. A A commissioncommission was was establishedestablished forfor thethe saidsaidevent,event, thethe NationalNational CentennialCentennial CommissionCommission headedheadedby by formerformer Vice Vice PresidentPresident SalvadorSalvador LaurelLaurel presidedpresided allalleventsevents aroundaround thethe country country.. OneOne of of thethe majormajor projectsprojects

of of thethe commissioncommission was was thethe ExpoExpo Pilipino,Pilipino, aa grandgrandshowcaseshowcase of of thethe Philippines'Philippines' growthgrowth asas aa nationnation forfor thethelastlast 100100 years, years, locatedlocated inin thethe ClarkClark SpecialSpecial EconomicEconomicZoneZone (formerly (formerly ClarkClark Air Air BaseBase)) inin Angeles Angeles City,City,PampangaPampanga..



yy RamosRamos was was thethe firstfirst presidentpresident underunder thethe 19871987constitutionconstitution toto bebe barredbarred of of seekingseeking anotheranother termterm.. HisHispredecessor,predecessor, CorazonCorazon Aquino Aquino,, was was stillstill eligibleeligible toto runrunforfor presidentpresident sincesince sheshe tooktook officeoffice underunder thethe 19731973ConstitutionConstitution.. As As hishis termterm was was winding winding downdown hehe was waspushingpushing forfor constitutionalconstitutional amendments,amendments, howeverhowever diddidnotnot succeedsucceed..

yy Nonetheless,Nonetheless, RamosRamos supportedsupported hishis friendfriend thenthen--SpeakerSpeaker Jose Jose dede Venecia Venecia,, Jr Jr.. forfor thethe 19981998 presidentialpresidentialelectionelection.. HoweverHowever thethe latterlatter lostlost toto Ramos'Ramos' Vice Vice--

President,President, Joseph Joseph EstradaEstrada.. OnOn June June 30 30,, 19981998,, outgoingoutgoingPresidentPresident FidelFidel RamosRamos accompaniedaccompanied hishis successorsuccessor totothethe BarasoainBarasoain ChurchChurch inin MalolosMalolos,, BulacanBulacan forfor thetheoathoath--takingtaking rightsrights andand laterlater atat thethe QuirinoQuirinoGrandstandGrandstand inin LunetaLuneta forfor thethe inauguralinaugural addressaddress..



yy EDSA IIEDSA II

yy

HelloHello GarciGarci ScandalScandal



InIn January January 20012001,, RamosRamos was was instrumentalinstrumental inin thethesuccesssuccess of of thethe soso--calledcalled secondsecond EDSA EDSA RevolutionRevolution thatthatdeposeddeposed thethe properly properly electedelected PhilippinePhilippine presidentpresident Joseph Joseph EstradaEstrada andand placedplaced thenthen--Vice Vice PresidentPresident GloriaGloriaMacapagalMacapagal--Arroyo Arroyo inin thethe presidentialpresidential seatseat..RamosRamos isis currently currently thethe ChairmanChairman EmeritusEmeritus of of thetheLakasLakas CMDCMD (Christian(Christian--MuslimMuslim Democrats)Democrats) Party,Party,

formerly formerly knownknown asas LakasLakas NUCDNUCD--UM

DPUM

DP oror thethe PartidoPartidoLakasLakas TaoTao--NationalNational UnionUnion of of ChristianChristian DemocratsDemocrats--UnionUnion of of MuslimMuslim DemocratsDemocrats of of thethe PhilippinesPhilippines..



At At thethe heightheight of of thethe electionelection--riggingrigging scandalscandal inin July July 20052005,, RamosRamos publicly publicly convincedconvinced PresidentPresident GloriaGloriaMacapagalMacapagal--Arroyo Arroyo notnot toto resignresign fromfrom officeoffice.. Ramos,Ramos,

who who was was alsoalso houndedhounded by by chargescharges of of electoralelectoral fraudfraudduringduring thethe 19921992 electionselections which which were were nevernever provenproven ininthethe SupremeSupreme Court,Court, repeatedly repeatedly statedstated thatthat thethe scandalscandalisis nowherenowhere asas gravegrave asas thatthat of of PeoplePeople PowerPowerRevolutionsRevolutions of of 19861986 andand 20012001,, citingciting factorsfactors suchsuch asas thethestagnantstagnant PhilippinePhilippine economy economy inin thethe finalfinal years years of of thetheMarcosMarcos regimeregime asas well well asas thethe allegedly allegedly massivemassivecorruptioncorruption of of thethe EstradaEstrada administrationadministration..



yy ASEAN Eminent Persons Group ASEAN Eminent Persons Group

yy Global Leadership FoundationGlobal Leadership Foundation

yy Carlyle GroupCarlyle Group

yy FoundationsFoundations



RPDEV RPDEV BoaoBoao Forum for AsiaForum for Asia International Crisis GroupInternational Crisis Group UN University for PeaceUN University for Peace General DouglasMacArthur FoundationGeneral DouglasMacArthur Foundation

PACPAC--WIPO WIPO World Commission on Water for the 21st Century World Commission on Water for the 21st Century Asia House Asia House Opportunity International (Philippines)Opportunity International (Philippines) University of WinnipegUniversity of Winnipeg

De La Salle University De La Salle University MetrobankMetrobank HDNHDN CDICDI LAKASLAKAS CMD Party CMD Party



yy Early Political CareerEarly Political Career

yy Presidency Presidency

yy Corruption charges and impeachmentCorruption charges and impeachment

yy PostPost--Presidency Presidency

yy Electoral History Electoral History



yyMayor of San JuanMayor of San Juan

yy Senator of the PhilippinesSenator of the Philippines

yy Vice Vice--Presidency Presidency



EstradaEstrada enteredentered politicspolitics inin 19671967 when when hehe ranran forformayormayor of of SanSan Juan Juan,, aa municipality municipality of of MetroMetroManilaManila

andand succeededsucceeded inin only only 19691969 afterafter winning winning ananelectoralelectoral protestprotest againstagainst DrDr.. BraulioBraulio StoSto..DomingoDomingo..When When CorazonCorazon Aquino Aquino assumedassumed thethepresidency presidency inin 19861986,, allall electedelected officialsofficials of of thethe locallocalgovernmentgovernment were were forcibly forcibly removedremoved andand replacedreplacedby by appointedappointed officersofficers--inin--chargecharge includingincluding thenthenMayorMayor EstradaEstrada..



y The following year, he won a seat in the Senate underthe Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) placing 16th

in the elections (out of 24 winners). As senator, Erapdenounced the presence of US military bases in thecountry. He became chairman of the senate committeeon cultural minorities and passed a bill on commissionon



yy 19981998 PRESIDENTIALPRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONSELECTIONS

TheThe 19981998 presidentialpresidential electionelection campaign,campaign, likelike mostmostpresidentialpresidential electionelection campaignscampaigns inin thethe Philippines,Philippines, hadhadhardly hardly anythinganything toto dodo with with aa contestcontest betweenbetween politicalpoliticalplatformsplatforms andand programsprograms.. EstradasEstradas politicalpolitical strategistsstrategists andandfinancialfinancial backersbackers were were awareaware thatthat aa largelarge shareshare of of thethe

PhilippinePhilippine electorate,electorate, thethe ""masamasa"" (the(the poorpoor andandundereducatedundereducated masses),masses), were were lookinglooking forfor aa leadershipleadership they they couldcould relaterelate toto.. EstradasEstradas financialfinancial backersbackers designeddesigned aacampaigncampaign strategy strategy thatthat reflectedreflected EstradasEstradas propro--poorpoor imageimagethatthat hehe hadhad builtbuilt upup throughoutthroughout hishis moviemovie careercareer.. CentralCentral inin

thethe was was thethe sloganslogan ""ErapErap parapara sasaMahirapMahirap"("(ErapErap forfor thethe poor)poor)thatthat inspiredinspired thethe massesmasses inin thethe hopehope thatthat EstradaEstrada would would bebethethe PresidentPresident of of andand forfor thethe massesmasses.. Estrada'sEstrada's runningrunningmate,mate, EdgardoEdgardo Angara, Angara, was was defeateddefeated by by GloriaGloria MacapacalMacapacal-- Arroyo Arroyo..



The inauguration of President Estrada on June 30, 1998,The inauguration of President Estrada on June 30, 1998,featured in the Philippinefeatured in the Philippine ikalawangikalawang libonglibong pisopiso

centennial commemorative legal tender banknote.centennial commemorative legal tender banknote.



yy EstradaEstrada was was inauguratedinaugurated onon June June 30 30,, 19981998 inin thethehistoricalhistorical towntown of of MalolosMalolos inin BulacanBulacan provinceprovince ininpayingpaying tributetribute toto thethe cradlecradle of of thethe FirstFirst PhilippinePhilippine

RepublicRepublic.. ThatThat afternoonafternoon thethe newnew presidentpresident delivereddeliveredhishis inauguralinaugural addressaddress atat thethe QuirinoQuirino GrandstandGrandstand ininLunetaLuneta.. HeHe assumedassumed officeoffice amidamid thethe Asian Asian FinancialFinancialCrisisCrisis andand with with agriculturalagricultural problemsproblems duedue toto poorpoor

weather weather conditions,conditions, thereby thereby slowingslowing thethe economiceconomicgrowthgrowth toto --00..66%% inin 19981998 fromfrom aa 55..22%% inin 19971997.. TheTheeconomy economy recoveredrecovered by by 3 3..44%% inin 19991999 andand 44%% inin 20002000..InIn20002000 hehe declareddeclared anan "all"all--outout--war" war" againstagainst thethe MoroMoroIslamicIslamic LiberationLiberation FrontFront andand capturedcaptured it'sit's headquartersheadquarters

andand otherother campscamps.. However,However, allegationsallegations of of corruptioncorruptionspawnedspawned aa railroadedrailroaded impeachmentimpeachment trialtrial inin thethe SenateSenatecourtesy courtesy of of househouse speakerspeaker ManuelManuel Villar Villar,, andand inin 20012001EstradaEstrada was was oustedousted fromfrom aa coupcoup afterafter thethe trialtrial was was

abortedaborted..



yy EvenEven with with itsits strongstrong economiceconomic teamteam,, thethe EstradaEstrada administrationadministrationfailedfailed toto capitalizecapitalize onon thethe gainsgains of of thethe previousprevious administrationadministration..HisHis administrationadministration was was severely severely criticizedcriticized forfor cronyismcronyism,,

incompetenceincompetence,, andand corruptioncorruption,, causingcausing itit toto loselose thethe confidenceconfidenceof of foreignforeign investorsinvestors.. ForeignForeign investors'investors' confidenceconfidence was was furtherfurtherdamageddamaged when, when, inin hishis secondsecond year, year, EstradaEstrada was was accusedaccused of of exertingexerting influenceinfluence inin anan investigationinvestigation of of aa friend'sfriend's involvementinvolvement ininstockstock marketmarket manipulationmanipulation.. SocialSocial unrestunrest broughtbrought aboutabout by by

numerousnumerous bombingbombing threatsthreats,, actualactual bombingsbombings,, kidnappingskidnappings,, andandotherother criminalcriminal activitiesactivities contributedcontributed toto thethe economy'seconomy's troublestroubles..EconomicEconomic performanceperformance was was alsoalso hurthurt by by climaticclimatic disturbancedisturbance thatthatcausedcaused extremesextremes of of dry dry andand wet wet weather weather[[1515]].. TowardToward thethe endend of of Estrada'sEstrada's administration,administration, thethe fiscalfiscal deficitdeficit hadhad doubleddoubled toto moremore

thanthan PP100100 billionbillion fromfrom aa lowlow of of PP4949 billionbillion inin 19981998[[1616]]

.. DespiteDespite suchsuchsetbacks,setbacks, thethe raterate of of GNPGNP inin 19991999 increasedincreased toto 3 3..66 percentpercent fromfrom 00..11percentpercent inin 19981998,, andand thethe GDPGDP postedposted aa 33..22 percentpercent growthgrowth rate,rate, upupfromfrom aa lowlow of of--00..55 percentpercent inin 19981998.. DebtDebt reachedreached PP22..11 trilliontrillion inin19991999.. DomesticDomestic debtdebt amountedamounted toto PP986986..77 billionbillion while while foreignforeign

debtdebt stoodstood atat USUS$$5252..22 billionbillion



EDSA IIEDSA II ProtestProtest ResignationResignation



yy OnOn thethe eveningevening of of January January 1616,, 20012001,, thethe impeachmentimpeachment courtcourt voted voted notnot toto openopen anan envelopeenvelope thatthat was was allegedalleged toto containcontain

incriminatingincriminating evidenceevidence againstagainst thethe presidentpresident simply simply becausebecauseitit was was notnot partpart of of thethe impeachmentimpeachment complaintcomplaint.. TheThe finalfinal vote vote was was 1111--1010,, inin favorfavor of of keepingkeeping thethe envelopeenvelope closedclosed.. TheTheprosecutionprosecution panelpanel (of (of congressmencongressmen andand lawyers)lawyers) walked walked outoutof of thethe ImpeachmentImpeachment CourtCourt inin protestprotest of of thisthis vote vote.. TheThe 1111

senatorssenators who who voted voted notnot toto openopen thethe envelopeenvelope areare knownknown asas thethe"Craven"Craven ElevenEleven.."" ThatThat night,night, antianti--EstradaEstrada protestersprotesters gatheredgatheredinin frontfront of of thethe EDSA EDSA ShrineShrine atat EpifanioEpifanio dede loslos SantosSantos Avenue Avenue,,notnot tootoo farfar away away fromfrom thethe sitesite of of thethe 19861986 PeoplePeople PowerPowerRevolutionRevolution thatthat overthrewoverthrew FerdinandFerdinandMarcosMarcos..

yy OnOn January January 1919,, 20012001,, Armed Armed ForcesForces of of thethe PhilippinesPhilippines Chief Chief of of Staff Staff Angelo Angelo ReyesReyes,, seeingseeing thethe politicalpolitical upheavalupheaval throughoutthroughoutthethe country,country, "decided"decided toto withdraw withdraw hishis support"support" fromfrom thethepresidentpresident andand transfertransfer hishis allegianceallegiance toto thethe vice vice president,president,

GloriaGloriaMacapagalMacapagal--Arroyo Arroyo..



yy TheThe followingfollowing day,day, thethe SupremeSupreme CourtCourt declareddeclared

thatthat thethe seatseat of of presidency presidency was was vacant, vacant, sayingsaying thatthatEstradaEstrada "constructively "constructively resignedresigned hishis post"post".. At Atnoon,noon, thethe Chief Chief Justice Justice sworeswore inin GloriaGloriaMacapagalMacapagal--Arroyo, Arroyo, asas PresidentPresident of of thethePhilippinesPhilippines..



yy TrialTrial

yy Activities Activities

yy

2010 Presidential Elections2010 Presidential Elections



yy OnOn SeptemberSeptember 1212,, 20072007,, thethe SandiganbayanSandiganbayan finally finally gavegave itsitsdecision,decision, findingfinding EstradaEstrada notnot guilty guilty onon hishis perjury perjury casecase butbutguilty guilty of of plunderplunder "beyond"beyond reasonablereasonable doubtdoubt.."" HeHe was wassentencedsentenced toto ReclusiónReclusión perpetuaperpetua.. HeHe was was thusthus thethe firstfirstPhilippinePhilippine PresidentPresident who who was was impeachedimpeached andand thenthen

convictedconvicted..yy OnOn SeptemberSeptember 2626,, 20072007,, Joseph Joseph EstradaEstrada appealedappealed by by filingfiling aa6363--pagepage motionmotion forfor reconsiderationreconsideration of of thethe SandiganbayanSandiganbayan judgment judgment pennedpenned by by TeresitaTeresita dede CastroCastro (submitting(submitting 55 legallegalgrounds)grounds).. EstradaEstrada allegedalleged thatthat thethe courtcourt errederred "" when when ititconvicted convicted himhim byby acquittingacquitting hishis alleged alleged coco--conspiratorsconspirators..""

yy

OnOn OctoberOctober 55,, 20072007,, thethe SandiganbayanSandiganbayan's's SpecialSpecial DivisionDivisionruledruled toto havehave setset forfor OctoberOctober 1919,, oraloral argumentargument (instead(instead of of aadefensedefense reply)reply) onon Joseph Joseph EstradasEstradas motionmotion forforreconsiderationreconsideration.. EstradaEstrada askedasked forfor courtcourt permissionpermission totoattendattend thethe hearing,hearing, sincesince itit orderedordered thethe prosecutionprosecution toto filefilecommentcomment beforebefore OctoberOctober 1111



When When hehe was was releasedreleased hehe gavegave aa messagemessage toto thetheFilipinoFilipino peoplepeople thatthat hehe cancan onceonce againagain helphelp thetheliveslives of of thethe peoplepeople especially especially thethe poorpoor.. HeHe alsoalsostatedstated thatthat hehe mademade errorserrors asas aa publicpublic servantservant butbut

hehe assuredassured themthem thatthat corruptioncorruption was was notnot oneone of of themthem.. After After thethe releaserelease hehe hadhad aa seriesseries nationwidenationwidetourtour calledcalled ""Lakbay Lakbay PasasalamatPasasalamat"" (Thank(Thank you you tour)tour)andand duringduring thosethose tripstrips hehe thankedthanked thethe peoplepeople forfortheirtheir supportsupport andand gavegave themthem relief relief goodsgoods suchsuch asasfood,food, medicinesmedicines andand clothingclothing.. InIn politics,politics, hehe isisconvincingconvincing leadersleaders of of thethe oppositionopposition toto havehave unity unity inin thethe party party or,or, hehe said,said, hehe will will runrun..



yy Joseph Joseph EstradaEstrada hashas statedstated inin interviewsinterviews thatthat hehe would would bebe willing willing toto runrun

forfor thethe oppositionopposition inin thethe eventevent thatthat they they areare unableunable toto uniteunite behindbehind aasinglesingle candidatecandidate.. FrFr.. Joaquin Joaquin BernasBernas andand ChristianChristian MonsodMonsod,, membersmembersof of thethe constitutionalconstitutional commissioncommission thatthat drafteddrafted thethe 19871987 Constitution,Constitution,havehave statedstated thatthat thethe constitutionconstitution clearly clearly prohibitsprohibits any any electedelectedpresidentpresident fromfrom seekingseeking aa secondsecond termterm atat any any pointpoint inin timetime.. RomuloRomuloMacalintalMacalintal,, electionelection counselcounsel of of PresidentPresident Arroyo, Arroyo, hashas clarifiedclarified thatthat thethe

constitutionalconstitutional banban doesn'tdoesn't preventprevent EstradaEstrada fromfrom attainingattaining thethepresidency presidency inin thethe eventevent thatthat hehe were were toto bebe elevatedelevated fromfrom thethe vice vice--presidency,presidency, forfor exampleexample.. However,However, RufusRufus Rodriquez,Rodriquez, oneone of of Estrada'sEstrada'slawyers,lawyers, claimsclaims thatthat thethe formerformer presidentpresident isis within within hishis rightsrights toto dodo sosobecausebecause thethe prohibitionprohibition banningbanning rere--electionelection only only appliesapplies toto thethe

incumbentincumbentpresidentpresident..yy OnOn OctoberOctober 2222,, 20092009 formerformer PresidentPresident Joseph Joseph EstradaEstrada announcedannounced thatthat

hehe would would runrun againagain forfor presidentpresident with withMakatiMakati City City MayorMayor Jejomar Jejomar Binay Binay asas hishis runningrunning matemate

yy HisHis SenatorialSenatorial lineuplineup includesincludes:: FranciscoFrancisco TatadTatad,, Juan Juan PoncePonce EnrileEnrile,,

Jinggoy Jinggoy EstradaEstrada andand Joey Joey dede Venecia Venecia



1987 Senate election1987 Senate election

yyJoseph Estrada (Joseph Estrada (GADGAD): 10,029,978): 10,029,978

(14th, 24 candidates with the highest(14th, 24 candidates with the highest

number of votes win the 24 seats innumber of votes win the 24 seats inthe Senate)the Senate)

1992 vice presidential election1992 vice presidential election

yyJoseph Estrada (Joseph Estrada (PMPPMP): 6,739,738): 6,739,738

(33.00%)(33.00%)

yyMarceloMarcelo FernanFernan ((LDPLDP): 4,438,494): 4,438,494

(21.74%)(21.74%)

yyEmilioEmilio OsmeñaOsmeña ((LakasLakas--NUCDNUCD):):

3,362,467 (16.47%)3,362,467 (16.47%)

yyRamon Magsaysay, Jr.Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. ((PRPPRP):):

2,900,556 (14.20%)2,900,556 (14.20%)

yyAquilinoAquilino Pimentel, Jr.Pimentel, Jr. ((PDPPDP--LabanLaban):):2,023,289 (9.91%)2,023,289 (9.91%)

yyVicente MagsaysayVicente Magsaysay ((KBLKBL): 699,895): 699,895

(3.43%)(3.43%)

yyEva EstradaEva Estrada--KalawKalaw ((NacionalistaNacionalista):):

255,730 (1.25%)255,730 (1.25%)



1998 presidential election1998 presidential election

yyJoseph Estrada (Joseph Estrada (LAMMPLAMMP): 10,722,295 (39.86%)): 10,722,295 (39.86%)

yyJose deJose de VeneciaVenecia ((LakasLakas--NUCDNUCD--UMDPUMDP): 4,268,483 (15.87%)): 4,268,483 (15.87%)

yyRaulRaul RocoRoco ((AksyonAksyon DemokratikoDemokratiko): 3,720,212 (13.83%)): 3,720,212 (13.83%)

yyEmilioEmilio OsmeñaOsmeña ((PROMDIPROMDI): 3,347,631 (12.44%)): 3,347,631 (12.44%)yyAlfredo LimAlfredo Lim ((LiberalLiberal):2,344,362 (8.71%)):2,344,362 (8.71%)

yyRenatoRenato de Villade Villa ((RepormaReporma--LMLM): 1,308,352 (4.86%)): 1,308,352 (4.86%)

yyMiriamMiriam DefensorDefensor SantiagoSantiago ))PRPPRP): 797,206 (2.96%)): 797,206 (2.96%)

yyJuan PonceJuan Ponce EnrileEnrile (Independent): 343,139 (1.28%)(Independent): 343,139 (1.28%)

yySantiagoSantiago DumlaoDumlao ((KilusanKilusan parapara sasa PambansangPambansang PagpapanibagoPagpapanibago): 32,212): 32,212

(0.12%)(0.12%)yyManuelManuel MoratoMorato ((PartidoPartido BansangBansang MarangalMarangal): 18,644 (0.07%)): 18,644 (0.07%)

2010 presidential election2010 presidential election::

yyBenignoBenigno Aquino IIIAquino III ((LiberalLiberal): 15,208,678 (42.08%)): 15,208,678 (42.08%)

yyJoseph Estrada (Joseph Estrada (PMPPMP): 9,487,837 (26.25%)): 9,487,837 (26.25%)

yyMannyManny VillarVillar ((NacionalistaNacionalista): 5,573,835 (15.42%)): 5,573,835 (15.42%)

yyGilbertoGilberto TeodoroTeodoro ((LakasLakas KampiKampi CMDCMD): 4,095,839 (11.33%)): 4,095,839 (11.33%)

yyEddie VillanuevaEddie Villanueva ((BangonBangon PilipinasPilipinas): 1,125,878 (3.12%)): 1,125,878 (3.12%)

yyRichard GordonRichard Gordon ((BagumbayanBagumbayan--VNPVNP): 501,727 (1.39%)): 501,727 (1.39%)

yyNicanorNicanor PerlasPerlas (independent): 54,575 (0.15%)(independent): 54,575 (0.15%)

yyJambyJamby MadrigalMadrigal (independent): 46,489 (0.13%)(independent): 46,489 (0.13%)

yyJohn Carlos de los ReyesJohn Carlos de los Reyes ((AngAng KapatiranKapatiran): 44,244 (0.12%)): 44,244 (0.12%)



yy Early Political CareerEarly Political Career

yy Presidency Presidency

yy Post Presidency Post Presidency



yy SENATOR SENATOR

yy VICE PRESIDENCY VICE PRESIDENCY



yy As As aa legislator,legislator, Arroyo Arroyo filedfiled overover 400400 billsbills andandauthoredauthored oror sponsoredsponsored 5555 lawslaws duringduring herher tenuretenure

asas senator,senator, includingincluding thethe Anti Anti--SexualSexual HarassmentHarassmentLaw,Law, thethe IndigenousIndigenous People'sPeople's RightsRights Law,Law, andand thetheExportExport DevelopmentDevelopment Act Act..

yy TheThe 19951995 MiningMining Act, Act, which which allowsallows 100100%% foreignforeignownershipownership of of PhilippinePhilippine mines,mines, hashas comecome underunderfirefire fromfrom leftleft--wing wing politicalpolitical groupsgroups..



y Arroyo began her term as Vice President on June 30, 1998.Historically, she was the first and only to date female VicePresident of the Philippines. She was appointed by Estrada

to a concurrent position in the cabinet as Secretary of Social Welfare and Development.

y Arroyo resigned from the cabinet in October 2000,distancing herself from President Estrada, who wasaccused of corruption by a former political supporter,

Chavit Singson, Governor from Ilocos Sur.[8] She hadinitially resisted pressure from allies to speak out againstEstrada,[9] but eventually joined calls for Estrada'sresignation.



yy First Term (2001First Term (2001--2004)2004)

yy Second Term (2004Second Term (2004--2010)2010)



S uccession

Oakwood Mutiny

2004 Presidential Election



yy FromFrom January January 1717 toto 2020,, 20012001,, hundredshundreds of of thousandsthousands of of FilipinosFilipinos gatheredgathered atat EpifanioEpifanio dede loslosSantosSantos Avenue Avenue ((EDSA EDSA),), thethe sitesite of of thethe originaloriginalPeoplePeople PowerPower RevolutionRevolution.. TheThe clamorclamor forfor aa changechangeinin thethe presidency presidency gainedgained momentummomentum asas various varioussectorssectors of of PhilippinePhilippine society society professionals,professionals,students,students, artists,artists, politicians,politicians, leftistleftist andand rightistrightistgroupsgroups joined joined what what becamebecame knownknown asas EDSA EDSA IIII..

OfficialsOfficials of of thethe administration,administration, thethe Armed Armed ForcesForcesof of thethe PhilippinesPhilippines (AFP),(AFP), andand thethe PhilippinePhilippineNationalNational PolicePolice (PNP)(PNP) alsoalso withdrew withdrew theirtheir supportsupportforfor PresidentPresident EstradaEstrada..



yy InIn thethe lastlast week week of of April April 20012001,, thethe SandiganbayanSandiganbayan orderedorderedthethe arrestarrest of of EstradaEstrada andand hishis son,son, SenatorSenator Jinggoy Jinggoy EstradaEstrada,,forfor plunderplunder chargescharges.. A A fewfew daysdays later,later, EstradaEstrada supporterssupporters

protestedprotested hishis arrest,arrest, gatheredgathered atat thethe EDSA EDSA Shrine,Shrine, andandstagedstaged what what they they called,called, EDSA EDSA IIIIII comparingcomparing theirtheir actionsactionstoto thethe PeoplePeople PowerPower revolutionrevolution of of 19861986 andand January January 20012001..

yy ThousandsThousands of of protestersprotesters demandeddemanded thethe releaserelease of of EstradaEstrada..

Eventually,Eventually, they they alsoalso calledcalled forfor thethe ousterouster of of Arroyo Arroyo andand thethereinstatementreinstatement of of thethe formerformer.. OnOnMay May 11,, 20012001,, they they marchedmarchedtowardstowards MalacañangMalacañang toto forceforce Arroyo Arroyo toto givegive inin toto theirtheirdemandsdemands.. Violence Violence eruptederupted when when thethe protestersprotesters attemptedattemptedtoto stormstorm thethe presidentialpresidential palacepalace andand thethe military military andand policepolice

were were forcedforced toto useuse theirtheir armsarms toto drivedrive themthem backback.. Arroyo Arroyodeclareddeclared aa statestate of of rebellionrebellion becausebecause of of thethe violence violence andandprominentprominent politicalpolitical personalitiespersonalities affiliatedaffiliated with with EstradaEstrada

were were chargedcharged andand arrestedarrested.. TheThe soso--calledcalled EDSA EDSA IIIIII was was thethefirstfirst seriousserious politicalpolitical challengechallenge toto thethe Arroyo Arroyo presidency presidency..



yy TheThe OakwoodOakwood mutiny mutiny occurredoccurred inin thethe PhilippinesPhilippinesonon July July 2727,, 20032003.. A A groupgroup of of 321 321 armedarmed soldierssoldiers who whocalledcalled themselvesthemselves ""BagongBagong KatipunerosKatipuneros""[[1010]] ledled by by

Army Army CaptCapt.. GerardoGerardo GambalaGambala andand LtLt.. Antonio AntonioTrillanesTrillanes IV IV of of thethe PhilippinePhilippine Navy Navy tooktook overover thetheOakwoodOakwood PremierPremier Ayala Ayala CenterCenter (now(now Ascott AscottMakati)Makati) servicedserviced apartmentapartment towertower inin MakatiMakati City City toto showshow thethe FilipinoFilipino peoplepeople thethe allegedalleged corruptioncorruption

of of thethe GloriaGloria MacapagalMacapagal--Arroyo Arroyo administrationadministration..They They alsoalso statedstated thatthat they they sawsaw signssigns suggestingsuggestingthatthat thethe PresidentPresident was was goinggoing toto declaredeclare martialmartiallawlaw..



yy Article Article VII VII SectionSection 44 of of thethe 19871987 ConstitutionConstitutionexplicitly explicitly statesstates thatthat thethe presidentpresident of of thethePhilippinesPhilippines cancan only only serveserve forfor oneone termterm.. However,However,

thethe samesame provisionprovision alsoalso implicitly implicitly statesstates thatthat aapresident'spresident's successorsuccessor who who hashas notnot servedserved forfor moremorethanthan fourfour years years cancan stillstill seekseek aa fullfull termterm forfor thethepresidency presidency.. Although Although Arroyo Arroyo fallsfalls underunder thisthiscategory,category, sheshe initially initially announcedannounced onon DecemberDecember 30 30,,

20022002 thatthat sheshe will will nono longerlonger seekseek thethe presidency presidency.. SheSheemphasizedemphasized thatthat sheshe will will devotedevote herher remainingremainingmonthsmonths inin officeoffice toto servingserving thethe peoplepeople andandimprovingimproving thethe economy economy of of thethe PhilippinesPhilippines..



InIn OctoberOctober 20032003,, Arroyo Arroyo changedchanged herher mindmind andandannouncedannounced thatthat sheshe will will runrun forfor thethe May May 20042004presidentialpresidential electionselections andand seekseek aa directdirect mandatemandate fromfromthethe peoplepeople.. SheShe explainedexplained that,that, "there"there isis aa higherhighercausecause toto changechange society society......inin aa way way thatthat nourishesnourishes ourourfuture"future".. With With herher decision,decision, thethe initialinitial criticismscriticismshurledhurled againstagainst Arroyo Arroyo centeredcentered onon herher lacklack of of word word of of honorhonor..

As As predictedpredicted by by SWSSWS exitexit polls,polls, Arroyo Arroyo won won thetheelectionelection by by aa marginmargin of of overover oneone millionmillion votes votes againstagainstPoePoe.. However,However, thethe congressionalcongressional canvassingcanvassing was was quitequitecontentiouscontentious asas oppositionopposition lawmakerslawmakers inin thethe NationalNationalBoardBoard of of CanvassersCanvassers arguedargued thatthat therethere were were many many discrepanciesdiscrepancies inin thethe electionelection returnsreturns andand thatthatinsinuationsinsinuations of of cheatingcheating were were raisedraised.. OnOn June June 2323,,20042004,, CongressCongress proclaimedproclaimed Arroyo Arroyo andand NoliNoli dede CastroCastroasas presidentpresident andand vice vice president,president, respectively respectively..



yy 2004 Presidential Election rigging allegations2004 Presidential Election rigging allegations

yy State of Emergency State of Emergency

yy

Charter ChangeCharter Changeyy Economy Economy

yy Domestic PoliciesDomestic Policies

yy Foreign PoliciesForeign Policies

yy PardonsPardons

yy ControversiesControversies

yy Public perceptionPublic perception



yy Allegations Allegations of of cheatingcheating againstagainst Arroyo Arroyo gainedgainedmomentummomentum oneone year year afterafter thetheMay May 20042004 electionselections.. InIn aapresspress conferenceconference heldheld onon June June 1010,, 20052005,, SamuelSamuel OngOng,,

formerformer deputy deputy directordirector of of thethe NationalNational BureauBureau of of InvestigationInvestigation (NBI)(NBI) claimedclaimed toto havehave audioaudio recordingsrecordingsof of wiretapped wiretapped conversationsconversations betweenbetween Arroyo Arroyo andand ananofficialofficial of of thethe CommissionCommission onon ElectionsElections (COMELEC)(COMELEC).. Virgilio Virgilio GarcillanoGarcillano,, aa formerformer COMELECCOMELEC commissioner,commissioner,

would would laterlater bebe identifiedidentified asas thethe officialofficial talkingtalking toto Arroyo Arroyo.. According According toto OngOng,, thethe recordingsrecordings allegedly allegedly provedproved thatthat Arroyo Arroyo orderedordered thethe riggingrigging of of thethe nationalnationalelectionselections forfor herher toto win win by by aroundaround oneone millionmillion votes votesagainstagainst PoePoe..



yy TheThe recordingsrecordings of of OngOng becamebecame knownknown asas thethe

HelloHello GarciGarci controversy controversy andand triggeredtriggered massivemassiveprotestsprotests againstagainst Arroyo Arroyo.. Key Key membersmembers of of herhercabinetcabinet resignedresigned fromfrom theirtheir respectiverespective postsposts andandurgedurged Arroyo Arroyo toto dodo thethe samesame.. OnOn June June 2727,, 20052005,,

Arroyo Arroyo admittedadmitted toto inappropriately inappropriately speakingspeaking toto aaCOMELECCOMELEC official,official, claimingclaiming itit was was aa "lapse"lapse inin

judgement judgement"".. She,She, however,however, denieddenied influencinginfluencing thetheoutcomeoutcome of of thethe electionselections andand declareddeclared thatthat sheshe

won won thethe electionselections fairly fairly.. Arroyo Arroyo diddid notnot resignresign

despitedespite thethe pressurespressures comingcoming fromfrom various various sectorssectorsof of society society..



yy OnOn February February 2424,, 20062006,, aa plotplot toto taketake overover thethegovernmentgovernment was was uncovereduncovered by by authorities,authorities,allegedly allegedly headedheaded by by GenGen.. Danny Danny LimLim andand otherotherrightistrightist military military adventuristsadventurists..

yy Arroyo Arroyo issuedissued PresidentialPresidential ProclamationProclamation 10171017 ((PPPP10171017)) andand usedused itit asas basisbasis inin declaringdeclaring aa statestate of of emergency emergency throughoutthroughout thethe PhilippinesPhilippines.. PPPP 10171017alsoalso empoweredempowered thethe governmentgovernment toto enforceenforce

warrantless warrantless arrestsarrests andand taketake overover strategicstrategic privateprivateutilitiesutilities companiescompanies..

yy OnOn February February 2525,, 20062006,, thethe policepolice raidedraided thethe officeofficeof of thethe DailyDaily TribuneTribune,, aa newspapernewspaper knownknown asas aacriticcritic of of thethe Arroyo Arroyo administrationadministration..

ThTh t tt t ff i t di t d ff b tb t kk ithith thth



yy TheThe statestate of of emergency emergency existedexisted forfor aboutabout oneone week week with with thethepurposepurpose of of curbingcurbing furtherfurther violence, violence, illegalillegal rallies,rallies, andand publicpublicdisturbancedisturbance throughoutthroughout thethe PhilippinesPhilippines.. TheThe policepolice andand thethemilitary military disperseddispersed demonstratorsdemonstrators andand protesters,protesters, especially especially thosethose

alongalong EpifanioEpifanio dede loslos SantosSantos Avenue Avenue (EDSA)(EDSA).. Aside Aside fromfrom GeneralGeneralLim,Lim, prominentprominent personalitiespersonalities were were alsoalso arrestedarrested inin connectionconnection with withtheirtheir allegedalleged participationparticipation inin thethe attemptattempt toto overthrowoverthrow thethegovernmentgovernment.. Among Among thosethose arrestedarrested were were::

yy ColCol.. Ariel Ariel QuerubínQuerubín -- leaderleader of of aa groupgroup of of PhilippinePhilippine MarinesMarines who who

engagedengaged thethe governmentgovernment inin aa politicalpolitical standstand--off off atat FortFort BonifacioBonifacioonon February February 2525,, 20052005

yy Randy Randy DavidDavid -- ledled aa protestprotest rally rally without without securingsecuring thethe necessary necessary permitpermit

yy CrispinCrispin BeltranBeltran -- party party--listlist representativerepresentative of of Anakpawis Anakpawis chargedcharged

with with incitinginciting toto seditionsedition andand rebellionrebellionyy BatasanBatasan FiveFive -- party party--listlist representativesrepresentatives chargedcharged with with rebellionrebellion andand

were were placedplaced underunder thethe custody custody of of thethe HouseHouse of of RepresentativesRepresentatives;;BayanBayan MunaMuna's's TeodoroTeodoro CasiñoCasiño,, SaturSatur OcampoOcampo,, andand Joel Joel Virador Virador;;GabrielaGabriela's's LizaLizaMazaMaza,, andand Anakpawis Anakpawis'' RafaelRafaelMarianoMariano



Arroyo Arroyo currently currently spearheadsspearheads aa controversialcontroversial

planplan forfor anan overhauloverhaul of of thethe constitutionconstitution tototransformtransform thethe presentpresent unitary unitary andandpresidentialpresidential republicrepublic with with aa bicameralbicamerallegislaturelegislature intointo aa federalfederal parliamentary parliamentary

governmentgovernment with with aa unicameralunicameral legislaturelegislature..



y Charter change

y Executive Order No. 464 and calibrated

preemptive responsey Human rights

y Amnesty proclamation



y Iraq War

y ASEAN Summit

y Philippines-Japan Trade Deal

y Council of Women World Leaders



President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo granted pardon the following:

y Former President Joseph Estrada (2007) - convicted of plunder

y Pablo Martínez (2007) - convicted for being involved in the Assassination of Benigno Aquino, Jr.

y Claudio Teehankee, Jr. (2008) - convicted of murder

y Rogelio Moreno (2009)

y Rubén Aquino (2009)

y Arnulfo Artates (2009)

y Romeo Bautista (2009)

y Jesús Castro (2009)

y Arnulfo De Mesa (2009)

y Rodolfo Desolong (2009)

y Claro Lat (2009

y Ernesto Mateo (2009)

y Filomeno Miranda (2009)

y Former Congressman Romeo Jalosjos (2009) - convicted of rape

convicted for being involved in the Assassinationof Benigno Aquino, Jr.



y Fertilizer Fund Scam

y Hello Garci Controversy

y National Broadband Network Scandal



Social Weather Stations quarterly publicSocial Weather Stations quarterly publicopinion polling of the net satisfaction rating of opinion polling of the net satisfaction rating of

President Arroyo.President Arroyo.



yy TheThe SocialSocial Weather Weather StationsStations publicpublic opinionopinion groupgroup hashasconductedconducted quarterly quarterly surveyssurveys trackingtracking thethe netnet

satisfactionsatisfaction ratingrating ("satisfied"("satisfied" ratingrating minusminus"dissatisfied""dissatisfied" rating")rating") of of PresidentPresident Arroyo Arroyo.. SheShe beganbeganherher presidency presidency inin thethe firstfirst quarterquarter of of 20012001 with with aa netnetsatisfactionsatisfaction ratingrating of of ++2424.. HerHer ratingrating firstfirst dippeddipped intointothethe negativenegative inin thethe firstfirst quarterquarter of of 20032003,, makingmaking Arroyo Arroyo thethe only only presidentpresident toto achieveachieve aa negativenegative netnetsatisfactionsatisfaction ratingrating inin SWSSWS opinionopinion pollingpolling.. HerHer ratingratingreboundedrebounded well well intointo thethe positivepositive inin 20042004,, inin timetime forforthethe presidentialpresidential electionelection where where sheshe won won electionelection toto aanewnew sixsix--year year termterm.. However,However, netnet satisfactionsatisfaction sunksunkbackback intointo negativenegative territory territory inin thethe fourthfourth quarterquarter of of 20042004,, andand hashas remainedremained negativenegative since,since, dippingdipping asas lowlowasas --38 38 inin thethe secondsecond quarterquarter of of 20082008.. HerHer netnetsatisfactionsatisfaction ratingrating inin thethe firstfirst quarterquarter of of 20092009 was was --32 32..



HOUSEHOUSE OFOF REPRESENTATIVESREPRESENTATIVES

yy InIn NovemberNovember 20092009,, Arroyo Arroyo formally formally declareddeclared herher intentionintention toto runrun forfor aaseatseat inin thethe HouseHouse of of RepresentativesRepresentatives representingrepresenting thethe 22ndnd DistrictDistrict of of PampangaPampanga,, makingmaking herher thethe secondsecond PhilippinePhilippine PresidentPresident -- afterafter Jose Jose PP..LaurelLaurel -- toto pursuepursue aa lowerlower officeoffice afterafter thethe expirationexpiration of of theirtheir presidency presidency..[[1313]]

A A petitionpetition seekingseeking toto disqualify disqualify Arroyo Arroyo fromfrom thethe racerace was was dismisseddismissed by by thethe

ComelecComelec forfor lacklack of of merit,merit, aa decisiondecision which which was was laterlater affirmedaffirmed by by thetheSupremeSupreme CourtCourt.. With With littlelittle seriousserious competition,competition, sheshe was was electedelected totocongresscongress inin May May 20102010 with with aa landslidelandslide victory victory..[[1515]] After After receivingreceiving finalfinalmilitary military honorshonors atat thethe inaugurationinauguration ceremony ceremony of of incomingincoming PresidentPresidentBenignoBenigno Aquino Aquino IIIIII,, sheshe headedheaded straightstraight toto PampangaPampanga forfor herher ownown oathoath--takingtaking asas congresswomancongresswoman..

yy DespiteDespite beingbeing consideredconsidered thethe strongeststrongest contendercontender forfor SpeakerSpeaker of of thetheHouseHouse,, Arroyo Arroyo declineddeclined toto seekseek thethe position,position, hopinghoping insteadinstead toto taketake onon aarolerole similarsimilar toto SoniaSonia GandhiGandhi,, who who was was influentialinfluential asas merely merely thethe headhead of of herher party party.. OnOn herher firstfirst day day asas aa lawmaker,lawmaker, Arroyo Arroyo andand herher sonson DatoDato filedfiled aaresolutionresolution callingcalling forfor CongressCongress toto callcall aa constitutionalconstitutional conventionconvention totoproposepropose amendmentsamendments toto thethe existingexisting constitutionconstitution..

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