Report on Pakistan's Elections (RM)

8/13/2019 Report on Pakistan's Elections (RM)

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Pakistan Election(1962-2008)


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In Pakistan,Elections

Ever Created aDifference in Life of

an OrdinaryPakistani.


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Contents: Chapter 1:

Statement of Problem Hypothesis Introduction Elections History Elections Turnout

Chapter 2:

Method of Elections Questionnaire


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Chapter 3:

Results Conclusion

Chapter 4:

Summary

Limitations Suggestions

Bibliography


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Chapter 1:

Statement of Problem:In Pakistan, Elections ever

created a difference in life ofan Ordinary Pakistan?

Hypothesis: Null Hypothesis Alternative Hypothesis


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Null Hypothesis:Null Hypothesis are the Observed

results relating the statement of the Problem bythe Survey, Interview etc.In this case, the Null hypothesis is yes. Not a Single Election in history of Pakistan hascreated difference in life of an OrdinaryPakistan .

Alternative Hypothesis: Alternative hypothesis is the

opposite of Null Hypothesis or you can sayNegation of the Null Hypothesis.Alternative Hypothesis is not proved in thiscase; else it would be that, All Previous Elections in Pakistan has created

a difference in life of an Ordinary Pakistani .


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Introduction:

In Pakistan, up till now total 11 Elections held.(1962 to 2008).For first 15 years after Independence there wereno Elections in Pakistan.In 1962 , First ever Election held in Pakistan.After it 10 more elections held in Pakistan inrandom time intervals.After 1962, 1965, 1970, 1977, 1985, 1988,1990, 1993, 1997, 2002, 2008.The Elections of 1970 are considered to be theFairest Elections in the history of Pakistan.The recent 2008 Elections are the First Electionsin the History of Pakistan, in which an Elected

Government is going to complete its 5 yearsTenure. Before this not a single elected govt. hascompleted its tenure.


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Elections History:

Up till now Pakistan has gone through 11Elections: 1962:In 1962, Pakistan has its first ever elections heldunder the Military Dictator General Ayub Khan. Inthese elections the Parliaments were electedindirectly by the members of local govt.

1965:In these polls, the Parliaments were againindirectly elected by the members of localgovernments.

1970:In 1970, Pakistan has its 3 rd Elections Held byGeneral Yahya Khan. These Elections areconsidered to be the Fairest Election in history ofPakistan Held so far.In these elections, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and his

party Pakistan Peoples Party won the electionswith the thumping majority in West Pakistan.After these elections a sad incident occurs thatEast Pakistan was separated.And Bhutto becomes the Prime Minister of thesmaller, unified Pakistan in 1971.


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1977:Fourth Elections, these were the first electionsheld in Pakistan after the Dhaka fall.

These were held under Z.A.Bhutto but the resultsof elections were challenged and General Zia-Ul- Haq toppled the govt.And hanged Bhutto 2 years later and electedhimself as the president in a referendum.

1985:

Fifth Elections, these were the party-less electionheld by General Zia-Ul-Haq. And he continued torule the country for more than 11 years.

1988:In 1988, after the death of Zia-Ul-Haq in themysterious plane crash. Elections held in which

different Political Parties take part. And this timeagain the Pakistan Peoples Party under theleadership of Benazir Bhutto (daughter ofZ.A.Bhutto) won the elections and Benazir Bhuttobecomes the Muslim Worlds first women PrimeMinister.

1990:20 months later the 1988 elections the PMBenazir Bhutto was sacked by the PresidentGhulam Ishaq Khan due to the allegations ofCorruption.


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And Pakistan again had an election in 1990 andNawaz Sharif become the Prime Minister ofPakistan.

And from here the Musical Chair of the PrimeMinister-ship begun.

1993:A war of power begin between Nawaz Sharif theelected Prime Minister and Ghulam Ishaq Khan,the President & both resigned under an Army

deal, in the same year the elections held andonce again PPP won and Benazir Bhutto becomethe Prime Minister of Pakistan.

1997:In 1996, again the PPPs govt. dismissed onCorruption charges. People of Pakistan went back

to polling booths in 1997 & this time again NawazSharifs Pakistan Muslim League got majorityand 2 nd time Nawaz Sharif becomes the electedPrime Minister of Pakistan.But this time he developed differences with theArmy Chief of that time General PervezMusharraf.

2002:In 1999, Sharif tried to sack Musharraf but in themeantime General Pervez Musharraf toppled theelected govt. of Nawaz Sharif by repeating the act


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of General Zia. And himself become the ChiefExecutive of the country.In 2002, Musharraf held elections and handed

the powers to Pakistan Muslim League (Q).And elected himself as a President by aReferendum.

2008:In 2007, as the elected govt. of PML-Q under Dictatorcompleted it 5 years term.

Benazir and Nawaz Sharif returned from self-madeexile to take part in 2008 elections.In 2008, elections PPP, PML-N and many otherPolitical Parties take part.But none of the two main stream parties PPP & PML- N got majority.Unfortunately before elections the PPPs leaderBenazir Bhutto was Assassinated in Rawalpindi, So

PPP got some sympathy vote added to their votebank &As PPP got more National Assembly seats so theylead the hung Parliament made as a result of 2008elections.Thats all the History of Elections in Pakistan from1962 till 2008.The two common political parties in most of theseelections were,PPP (Pakistan Peoples Party).PML (Pakistan Muslim League).PML is now known as PML-N, N is of the NawazShari fs name as he is the leader of this Party.


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Elections Turnout:

Lets have a look at the turnout in all theseElections:

In 1962, out of the registered voters only 35 % people cast vote.

In1965, out of the registered voters only 39 % people cast vote.

In 1970, out of the registered voters 63% of the people cast vote.

In 1977, out of the registered voters 47% of the people cast vote.

In 1985, out of the registered voters only 42% people cast vote, which is less than the half.

In 1988, out of the registered voters only 43% people cast vote, which is less than the half.


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In 1990, out of the registered voters only 45% people cast vote.


In 1997, out of the registered voters only 35% people cast vote, which is far less than half.


In 2008, out of the registered voters only 39% people cast vote, which is far less than half.

Except 1970s election, not in a single election at least50% people cast vote.This is one of the main reasons why elections havecreated no difference in life of an Ordinary Pakistani.


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Graph Representation

of Election s turnout:

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1962 1965 1970 1977 1985 1988 1990 1993 1997 2002 2008

Registered Voters

VotePolled


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Chapter 2:Method of Elections inPakistan:

Parliament: Parliament consists of two houses, thedirectly elected National Assembly and the Senate.

National Assembly: National assembly of Pakistan

is directly elected by the people of Pakistan.Political Parties nominates there candidates fromdifferent areas all over the country. And the candidatewho got more votes from the people is elected as amember of National Assembly.And the Party who got more members in NationalAssembly forms the govt.

Senate: Senate is second house of Parliament same as

National Assembly but the members of Senate areelected by MPAs the Members Provincial Assemblies


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Provincial Assembly: As National Assembly is elected,

in the same way Provincial Assemblies are elected in

Pakistan. And then MPAs the Memb ers of ProvincialAssemblies elects the Chief Minister of the Province.

Electoral College: Electoral College consists of both

the houses of Parliament, the National Assembly &

the Senate together with all the Provincial Assemblies.

Election of President:In Pakistan, President is

elected by the Electoral College.

Election of Prime Minister: The Prime Minister

of Pakistan is elected by the directly elected NationalAssembly of Pakistan.

All the above Elections in Pakistan areconducted under the supervision of ElectionCommission of Pakistan.


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Qs#7: Which type of System you think will be Suitable for Pakistan otherthan Parliamentary form?

Islamic Nizam Dictatorship ___________________ (you can add your own option).

Qs#8: Do you think in Upcoming Elections Youth can play a Decisive Role?

Yes No

Qs#9: Will you cast your Vote in the Upcoming Elections (2013) likely tobe held? If yes, then will you

Vote for Change Vote to Change

If No, why?

Qs#10: How can we Change life of an Ordinary Pakistani?(Give your brief Opinion).


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Chapter 3:Results ofQuestionnaire: Qs#1:Are Elections an Accurate Instrumentto determine the will of people ofPakistan?

63%

37%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Yes No

No

Yes


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Qs#2:All the Previous Elections have madeordinary Pakistanis Life?

9%

74%

17%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Better Worse No Effect

No Effect

Worse

Better


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Qs#3:Elections in Pakistan are just a sourceof?

15%

25%

60%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Democracy Taking Turns

Formality

Formality

Taking Turns

Democracy


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Qs#4:What is the Major problem of the peopleof Pakistan?

23%27%

50%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Illiteracy

Unemploy- ment

Poverty


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Qs#5:How your family takes Election Day as?

45%

55%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Day of Decision Day of Taking Rest

Day of

Taking Rest

Day of Decision


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Qs#6:On what basis, People of Pakistan CastVote to a Political Party?

30%

38%

32%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Slogans & Promises

Political Affiliations

Previous Progress

Previous Progress

Political Affiliations

Slogans & Promises


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Qs#7:Which type of System you think will beSuitable for Pakistan other thanParliamentary form?

75%

18%

7%0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Parliamentory Form

Dictatorship

Islamic Nizam


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Qs#8:Do you think in Upcoming ElectionsYouth can play a Decisive Role?

75%

25%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Yes No

No

Yes


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Qs#10: How can we Change life of an OrdinaryPakistani?

By removing the corruption in our everydaylife.

By Spreading Awareness to people abouttheir Rights.

By changing ourselves.

By dealing with everyone equally either aone is Businessman, a Politician or a Dailywager.

The best answer: We should Vote to the Right person, who hasPotential & vision to do something for thecountry not just speeches.(Stop trying the tried ones please).

The most non-serious answer: There should be separate Parking lot for

every shopping center.


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Conclusion:According to our survey 63%

people, means more than half agreed that Electionsare an accurate instrument to determine the will of people of Pakistan. And at the same time 74% people in the survey had said that previous allelections have made life of an Ordinary Pakistaniworse than it was before. Only 9% people said thatelections have made life better.Illiteracy was declared as the major problem ofPakistanis in the survey. In same survey, in answer of another Qs. 60%

people said that election in Pakistan are just left asa source of Formality, keep in mind that this is theopinion of more than half of the people !While 10% people said that they will not Vote in theUpcoming elections, because a single vote doesntcreate any difference.More than half people said that their families takeElection Day as a holiday or a rest day, whichshows that majority, has stopped taking Electionsseriously.This is really an Alarming sign for all of us!I would like to share an interesting answer here

that in the same Survey 75% people said thatIslamic Nizam will be suitable for Pakistan while

previously 63% said that elections are an accurateinstrument to determine the will of the people.So you can imagine that how double minded or I


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would say tetra minded Pakistanis are at themoment.But there are few good things as well and one of

the main is that 75% people are hopeful that Youthwill play a Decisive Role in Upcoming Elections.This is a good sign for future.And more than half said that they will Vote to

Change mean vote for new people either than voting for the new Slogans.Hope for the Best


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Chapter 4:

Summary:In the 1st chapter of this booklet, we

discussed the Statement of the Problem which wasthat In Pakistan, Elections ever created a difference

in life of an Ordinary Pakistan? After it we discuss the hypothesis, both the Null &Alternative hypothesis. Then Introduction of thehypothesis.Moving ahead we talked on the Election History ofPakistan & Elections Turnout from 1962 - 2008.

In 2nd chapter, we talked on the Method ofElections in Pakistan that how Parliament & differentProvincial Assemblies are elected in Pakistan andwhat is the role of people of Pakistan in electing them.We discussed the Election of President and PrimeMinister too in this chapter.Further in this chapter we had also displayed thecopy of the Questionnaire that we spread in the Publicregarding the above hypothesis.

In 3rd chapter, we viewed the Opinion of people on different questions of the Questionnaire.After it we concluded all the Results of theQuestionnaire under the heading of Conclusion.


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Limitations:

It was really a great experiencedoing all this stuff, Survey, making Book Report,making Presentation.Yes, there happen some unusual things & some theinteresting ones too. Choosing this hypothesis was our group decision butmany difference of opinions born in our group as westarted working on it.But as we were said to do it in the group, so we didand try our level best to overcome those difference ofopinions.

The thing that hurt us the more in all thisactivity was the Survey part and peoples react iontowards the survey, many of them not even bother to

give it a look, few take it but after knowing the topicreturned it unfilled and those who fill it, filled in away as they are going through some kind of

punishment.I dont know why they were behavi ng like this butthis thing really hurt us a lot.

I guess why they were behaving like this, I

might be wrong but I think since this Questionnairetrend has started in the Universities, students startedcreating long, useless & even topic lessquestionnaires, so the people are now fed up of fillingthese questionnaires and they dont even waste time


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Bibliography:

Google.com Googleimages.com

Wickipedia.com Encyclopedia.com

Electionsmethod.com Pakturnout.com

For any help email us at :[email protected]

Report on Pakistan's Elections (RM)

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