Report of the Task Force on the Illinois Department of Children and Families

7/31/2019 Report of the Task Force on the Illinois Department of Children and Families

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Pbc Dayc~oa~x Plxm Ia~hc

^cva~p ao G@HIX


2/61

^CVA^P AI PBC PLXM IA^HC

AO PBC

GJJGOAGX @CVL^PECOPAI HBGJ@^CO LO@ILEGJW XC^YGHCX

PA

DAYC^OA^ ^A@ ^/ NJLDAKCYGHB

Lv~gj >668


3/61

ECENC^X AI PBC PLXM IA^HC

Vlppg Njldakcyghb

@cna~lb @l~a* Vb/@/

@logcj Hsoca* Vb/@/

Ks`gpb Tljmc~ Mco`~ghm

Xgxpc~ Hlpbc~goc wlo

N~wlo Xlescjx

Dgjnc~p Tljmc~


4/61

PLNJC AI HAOPCOPX

Vldc

G/ Gop~a`shpgao / Lvv~alhb lo` Ecpbaàjadw >8/ Goia~elpgao Dlpbc~god lo` Asp~clhb 8

GG/ Xolvxbap ai Hbgj` Tcjil~c Xwxpce 3/ @cead~lvbghx lo` pbc Xbgipgod @HIX Hlxcjal` 28/ Sxc ai Haop~lhp Ldcohgcx ia~ Xc~yghc V~aygxgao 3>/ Làvpgaox >28/ Egxxgod!^soltlw Waspb 8668

G/ GOPÂ@SHPGAO

V~apchpgod hbgj`~co i~ae hbgj` eljp~clpecop gx l haevjcr lo` `giighsjp plxm/ Go Gjjgoagx* lx goapbc~ vl~px ai pbc hasop~w* eccpgod pbgx ~cxvaoxgngjgpw ~cxpx tgpb l n~al` ocpta~m ai vsnjgh lo`v~gylpc xc~yghc v~ayg`c~x so`c~ pbc jcl`c~xbgv ai l Xplpc ldcohw hbl~dc` tgpb pbc g`copgighlpgao ai

hbgj`~co lp ~gxm lo` aiic~god v~apchpgyc hsxpa`w tbco ochcxxl~w/ Tbgjc Xplpc Dayc~oecop blxelow isohpgaox* v~apchpgod gpx hbgj`~co i~ae hbgj` lnsxc lo` aiic~god xlic lo` vc~elocop~cxg`copglj ljpc~olpgycx pa pbaxc hbgj`~co tbaxc vl~copx l~c solnjc a~ sotgjjgod pa ~lgxc pbce l~cleaod pbc eaxp geva~plop/

Pa goxs~c pblp Gjjgoagx hbgj`~co l~c tcjj xc~yc` nw pbc Xplpcx hbgj` tcjil~c xwxpce* Dayc~oa~Njldakcyghb lvvagopc` l xcyco%ecenc~ Plxm Ia~hc go Icn~sl~w pa ~cygct pbc hs~~cop vajghgcx aipbc Xplpc @cvl~pecop ai Hbgj`~co lo` Ilegjw Xc~yghcx "@HIX'/ Tbc~c lvv~av~glpc* pbc PlxmIa~hc tlx lxmc` pa v~ayg`c ~chaeeco`lpgaox ao bat pbc @cvl~pecopx avc~lpgod xwxpcex*vajghgcx lo` v~ad~lex egdbp nc gev~ayc`/ Ayc~ pbc vlxp 96 `lwx* Plxm Ia~hc ecenc~x blyc ecptgpb a~ ~chcgyc` t~gppco govsp i~ae l tg`c ~lodc ai xplmcbaj`c~x gohjs`god @HIX lègogxp~lpa~x*

v~gylpc ldcohw v~ayg`c~x* iaxpc~ vl~copx* @HIX tl~`x* pbc ksycogjc has~p lo` apbc~x goyajyc` golxxcxxgod hbgj` tcjj%ncgod/ Go l``gpgao* Plxm Ia~hc ecenc~x hl~cisjjw crlegoc` pbc@cvl~pecopx gopc~olj igxhlj lo` hlxc ijat ~cva~px* hlxc xps`gcx ao pbc crvc~gcohcx ai xvchgighwaspb* lo` pbc @cvl~pecopx vsnjghjw lylgjlnjc looslj ~cva~px lo` vc~ia~elohc xseel~gcx/ PbcPlxm Ia~hc ljxa ~cygctc` ~chcop vajghw lo` v~lhpghc ~chaeeco`lpgaox pblp blyc ncco el`c nwpbc Aiighc ai pbc Goxvchpa~ Dcoc~lj* pbc Vsnjgh Dsl~`glo lo` yl~gasx @HIX L`ygxa~w Nal~`x lo`Haeegppccx/

Pbc Plxm Ia~hc cyljslpc` ljj ai pbcxc `lpl `s~god l xc~gcx ai eccpgodx lp tbghb cyc~w ciia~p tlxel`c pa nljlohc lo` ncppc~ so`c~xplo` pbc `gyc~xc lo` aipco haoijghpgod ecxxldcx cenc``c` gopbgx jl~dc na`w ai goia~elpgao/ Pbgx ~cva~p gx pbc ~cxsjp ai as~ hajjchpgyc `chgxgao%elmgod/ Tbgjc

pbc Plxm Ia~hc blx oap ncco lnjc pa tclyc cyc~w haohc~o a~ ~chaeeco`lpgao tc ~chcgyc` gopapbgx àhsecop* pbc ~cva~p àcx hlvps~c pbaxc haeecopx pblp xs~ilhc` eaxp i~c|scopjw lo` tc~clecolnjc pa hblodc nw ljpc~god xvchgigh @HIX v~lhpghcx a~ vajghgcx/

Pbc Plxm Ia~hc ~chadog{cx lo` lvv~chglpcx pbc `giighsjpw go eloldgod @HIX lo` pbcp~loxia~elpgao pbc ldcohw blx so`c~daoc go pbc vlxp `chl`c/ Pco wcl~x lda hbgj` tcjil~cl`yahlpcx tc~c vl~pghsjl~jw p~asnjc` nw l osenc~ ai bgdb v~aigjc hbgj` lnsxc ilpljgpgcx* elow aitbghb goyajyc` hs~~cop a~ ia~ec~ @HIX hjgcopx/ Lp pbc xlec pgec* l osenc~ ai hjlxx lhpgao xsgpx~cxsjpc` go haoxcop `ch~ccx pblp ~c|sg~c` hc~plgo lhpgaox/ Go ~cxvaoxc pa pbcxc haohc~ox lo` tgpbpbc lxxgxplohc lo` dsg`lohc cenc``c` go ic`c~lj hbgj` tcjil~c ~cia~e jcdgxjlpgao* @HIXlègogxp~lpa~x gev~ayc` v~lhpghc lo` asphaecx go l osenc~ ai l~clx/ Pbc bgdb osenc~ ai

làvpgaox* pbc ~c`shpgao go pbc lyc~ldc jcodpb ai xplw ia~ pbaxc hbgj`~co plmco gopa hsxpa`w* pbclhh~c`gplpgao ai pbc ldcohw lo` gpx v~ayg`c~x* lo` gpx lngjgpw pa ciichpgycjw `~lt ao l tg`c ~lodcai ic`c~lj iso`god xas~hcx pa xsvva~p goh~clxc` xc~yghc jcycjx ia~ @HIX hjgcopx lo` pbcg~ ilegjgcx~cv~cxcop oaplnjc lhbgcycecopx/ Ao nljlohc* tc ncjgcyc pbc ldcohw gx go l xp~aodc~ vaxgpgaopa`lw pa hl~c ia~ hbgj`~co pblo tlx p~sc pco wcl~x lda/

@cxvgpc pbcxc gev~aycecopx* batcyc~* pbc Plxm Ia~hc g`copgigc` l osenc~ ai vajghgcx lo`v~lhpghc l~clx go tbghb ea~c xbasj` nc àoc* vl~pghsjl~jw ia~ hbgj`~co lo` ilegjgcx pblp blyc oap


6/61

^cva~p ai pbc Plxm Ia~hc ao pbc Gjjgoagx @cvl~pecop ai Hbgj ~co lo` Ilegjgcx Lv~gj >668

ncocigpc` i~ae pbc vlxp tlyc ai ~cia~e/ Go xseel~g{god gpx igo`godx* pbc Plxm Ia~hc blx aspjgoc`napb l xcp ai dcoc~lj pbcecx a~ haohc~ox lx tcjj lx l xcp ai xvchgigh ~chaeeco`lpgaox go xcycoha~c l~clx/ Hajjchpgycjw* pbc Plxm Ia~hc ncjgcycx pblp gi gevjcecopc` pbcxc hblodcx tgjj aiic~d~clpc~ lo` ea~c c|sgplnjc v~apchpgao pa ljj ai pbc Xplpcx hbgj`~co/

668 pa pba~asdbjw~cygct v~anjcex lxxahglpc` tgpb pbc @cvl~pecop ai Hbgj ~co lo` Ilegjw Xc~yghcx "@HIX'/ Gpxegxxgao tlx pa;

@cpc~egoc pbc hbgj` tcjil~c occ`x go pbc Xplpc ai Gjjgoagx/

Lxxcxx pbc elooc~ go tbghb @HIX tlx l``~cxxgod pbc occ`x ai hbgj`~co go pc~ex aivajghw= ecpba`x lo` ea`cjx ai xc~yghc `cjgyc~w= xp~shps~lj lo` a~dlog{lpgaolj xwxpcex=lo`* bselo lo` hlvgplj ~cxas~hc ljjahlpgaox/

Bgdbjgdbp v~lhpghcx lo` v~ahc`s~cx pblp tc~c xshhcxxisj go isjigjjgod pbc egxxgao ai@HIX lx tcjj lx pbaxc tbghb occ` ~chaoxg`c~lpgao go a~`c~ pa v~ayg`c haopgosc` |sljgpwhbgj` tcjil~c xc~yghcx/

V~cxcop ~chaeeco`lpgaox ao elooc~x go tbghb pbc xp~shps~c* ecpba`x* lo` v~lhpghcx ai@HIX hasj` ncppc~ eccp gpx egxxgao lo` ygxgao xplpcecop/ Ljxa* gp tlx pa v~ayg`c yglnjcxajspgaox pa pbc ciichpgyc lo` ciighgcop gevjcecoplpgao ai pbaxc ~chaeeco`lpgaox/

>/ LVVÂLHB LO@ ECPBA@AJADW

Dgyco pbc egxxgao lo` xc~yghcx v~ayg`c` nw @HIX lo` pbc haevjcrgpw ai pbc v~ahcxx* pbc PlxmIa~hc `gyg`c` gpxcji gopa pta ta~md~asvx; pbc Hlxc ^cygct D~asv lo` pbc Xwxpcex D~asv/ Lvjlo ia~ `lpl hajjchpgao tlx v~cvl~c` lo` gevjcecopc` `s~god pbc eaopbx ai Icn~sl~w* El~hblo` cl~jw Lv~gj/ Pbgx lvv~alhb ljjatc` pbc Plxm Ia~hc pa jaam lp pbc @HIX napb i~ae pbc pavàto lo` i~ae pbc nappae sv lo` pa `cycjav l haoxcoxsx lnasp gpx hs~~cop xplpsx/

Xwxpcex D~asv

Pbc Xwxpcex D~asv iahsxc` ao pbc ayc~l~hbgod vajghw coyg~aoecop go tbghb @HIX avc~lpcx/Xvchgighljjw* pbc d~asv crlegoc` pbc so`c~jwgod daljx lo` ankchpgycx ia~ hbgj` tcjil~c bcj` nwmcw vsnjgh lo` v~gylpc ldcohw lègogxp~lpa~x* v~ad~le eloldc~x lo` hbgj` l`yahlpcx "c/d/*

cjchpc` aiighgljx* ks`dcx* @HIX lègogxp~lpa~x* `g~chp xc~yghc ldcohw v~ayg`c~x* iaxpc~ vl~copx*cph'/ Pbc d~asv ljxa p~lhmc` pbc jcdgxjlpgao* ~cdsjlpgaox* lo` ns`dcp ljjahlpgaox pblp p~loxjlpcpbcxc `gyc~xc lppgps`cx lo` avgogaox gopa xvchgigh v~ad~lex lo` vajghgcx/ Go l``gpgao pacrlegogod pbc n~al`* vajghw i~lecta~m* pbc d~asv vlg` vl~pghsjl~ lppcopgao pa àhsecopgod pbcldcohwx v~ad~le eloldcecop lo` ns`dcpl~w xp~shps~c* gohjs`god @HIXx gopc~olj a~dlog{lpgao*pbc iso`god xp~clex sxc` pa xsvva~p yl~gasx `cvl~pecop isohpgaox* lo` pbc haeesoghlpgao lo``chgxgao elmgod xwxpcex sxc` pa goxs~c gopc~%v~ad~le hajjlna~lpgao lo` haa~`golpgao/ Pa

>


7/61


`cpc~egoc pbc xp~codpbx* tclmocxxcx lo` elka~ hbljjcodcx ilhgod @HIX* pbc d~asv haevjcpc` pbciajjatgod plxmx;

Ecp tgpb ljj @HIX xcoga~ eloldc~x lo`* tbco lvv~av~glpc* xcyc~lj ai pbcg~ `g~chp ~cva~px

^cygctc` hlxcjal` ijat lo` ns`dcpl~w ljjahlpgaox

^cygctc` eloldcecop xp~shps~c lo` vajghw v~ga~gpgcx Haevl~c` @HIX vc~ia~elohc* xp~shps~c* lo` v~ga~gpgcx pa pbaxc go vjlhc go apbc~ xplpcx ai

haevl~lnjc xg{c a~ tgpbgo pbc ~cdgao

Gopc~ygctc` xplpc lo` olpgaolj hbgj` tcjil~c crvc~px

Hlxc ^cygct D~asv

Pbgx d~asv dlpbc~c` goia~elpgao lnasp xvchgigh hlxcx lx l tlw pa cyljslpc bat ciichpgycjwhs~~cop vajghgcx* v~ahc`s~cx lo` ncxp v~lhpghcx l~c gevjcecopc`/ Gp tlx pa jaam ia~ egrcx aixc~yghcx lo` vlppc~ox ai xc~yghcx pblp elw blyc jc` pa solhhcvplnjc asphaecx/ ^lpbc~ pbloiahsxgod ao bat pbc xwxpce tlx xsvvaxc` pa ta~m* pbgx d~asv tlx dlpbc~god goia~elpgao lnasp

bat pbc xwxpce lhpsljjw g` ta~m/ Gp;

^cygctc` l h~axx%xchpgao ai @HIX hlxcx

G`copgigc` xvchgigh ilhpx ai clhb hlxc

Crlegoc` ~cjlpc` vajghw* eloldcecop lo` i~aopjgoc v~lhpghcx ai @HIX xplii lo` xpliicevjawc` nw haop~lhpc` ldcohgcx

@cpc~egoc` tbcpbc~ ha~~chpgyc lhpgao tlx occ`c` lo` plmco

@cpc~egoc` tbcpbc~ is~pbc~ lhpgaox tc~c occ`c` pa gev~ayc vc~ia~elohc a~lhhasoplngjgpw* nlxc` ao pbc ilhpx ai pbc hlxcx ~cygctc`

Kagop Ciia~px ai napb D~asvx

Tbgjc pbc ta~md~asvx lvv~alhbc` pbcg~ plxmx go`cvco`copjw* lo` haohs~~copjw* pbc isjj PlxmIa~hc ecp vc~ga`ghljjw* lx cplgjc` ncjat/ Go pbaxc eccpgodx* ljj Plxm Ia~hc ecenc~x tc~c lnjcpa bcl~ ~cva~px i~ae napb ta~md~asvx/ Go pbc avco lo` i~cc `gxhsxxgao go pbaxc eccpgodx*goia~elpgao lo` g`clx tc~c crhblodc` i~ccjw* lo` ecenc~x xaecpgecx `gxld~cc` ao napb pbceclogod ai pbc ilhpx* lo` pbc ~cec`glj has~xc ai lhpgao pblp egdbp l~gxc i~ae pbaxc ilhpx/ Pbgx~cva~p ~cijchpx pbc v~a`shp ai pbaxc elow `gxhsxxgaox/

8/ GOIA^ELPGAO DLPBC^GOD LO@ ASP^CLHB

Pbc isjj Plxm Ia~hc ecp nw vbaoc a~ go vc~xao ao ahhlxgaox/ Go pbaxc eccpgodx pbcw bcl~`

~cva~px nlhm i~ae pbc xsn%haeegppccx lo` `cjgnc~lpc` igo`godx lo` ~chaeeco`lpgaox/ Gol``gpgao* napb pbc Hlxc ^cygct Ta~md~asv lo` Xwxpcex Ta~md~asv ecp ao l jl~dc osenc~ aiapbc~ ahhlxgaox/

Eaxp Plxm Ia~hc lhpgygpw haoxgxpc` ai haoycogod lo` gevjcecopgod l xc~gcx ai eccpgodx tgpbyl~gasx go`gyg`sljx lo` a~dlog{lpgaox/ Pbc Plxm Ia~hc cevjawc` l yl~gcpw ai ecpba`x pa goxs~cpblp ljj pbaxc napb tgpbgo lo` aspxg`c @HIX bl` lo avva~psogpw pa crv~cxx pbcg~ haohc~ox/Xvchgighljjw* clhb ai pbc Plxm Ia~hc ta~mgod d~asvx bcj` l xc~gcx ai eccpgodx tgpb pbaxc

8


8/61


go`gyg`sljx ilegjgl~ tgpb yl~gasx lxvchpx ai @HIX tba tc~c go l vaxgpgao pa v~ayg`c mcw govsp/Go l``gpgao pa pbcxc eccpgodx* go`gyg`slj Plxm Ia~hc ecenc~x gopc~ygctc` l yl~gcpw ai jahlj loòlpgaolj hbgj` tcjil~c crvc~px lo` ~c|scxpc` pbc ~chaeeco`lpgaox ai ljj ai pbc yl~gasx l`ygxa~wnal~`x lo` haeegxxgaox cxplnjgxbc` nw @HIX/ Pbcxc crvc~px v~ayg`c` pbc Plxm Ia~hc l n~al`c~haopcrp go tbghb pa ygct pbc v~lhpghc lo` vajghw p~co`x anxc~yc` go pbc Gjjgoagx xwxpce*

vl~pghsjl~jw tgpb ~cxvchp pa pbc goh~clxc` cevblxgx ao làvpgao* pbc `cycjavecop ai vc~ia~elohcnlxc` haop~lhpgod lo` pbc xp~shps~c ai pbc ldcohwx haevspc~g{c` eloldcecop goia~elpgaoxwxpce/

Xajghgplpgao ai T~gppco Haeecopx

T~gppco haeecopl~w tlx ljxa xajghgpc` pa ilhgjgplpc elrgese govsp pa pbc Plxm Ia~hc/ PbcPlxm Ia~hc lo` pbc Aiighc ai pbc Dayc~oa~ kagopjw g`copgigc` l jl~dc osenc~ ai go`gyg`sljx loà~dlog{lpgaox pblp tc~c gopc~cxpc` go lo` moatjc`dclnjc ai hbgj` tcjil~c go Gjjgoagx/ L jcppc~ tlxxcop i~ae @cvspw Dayc~oa~ Jaslooc~ Vcpc~x ao El~hb > pa lnasp 06 go`gyg`sljx loà~dlog{lpgaox xajghgpgod haeecopx ia~ haoxg`c~lpgao nw pbc Plxm Ia~hc "xcc Lpplhbecopx'/

Haeecopx tc~c pa nc jgegpc` pa 8 vldcx lo` hasj` blyc hayc~c` vajghgcx* v~ad~lex* @HIXhaeesogpw vl~poc~x* xp~shps~lj a~ a~dlog{lpgaolj hblodcx pa @HIX* lo` goycxpecopx go bselohlvgplj lo` i~aop%jgoc v~lhpghc/ Pbgx elgjgod tlx xcop pa xplpctg`c lo` jahlj hbgj l`yahlhwd~asvx* xplpctg`c v~ayg`c~ d~asvx* ecenc~x ai pbc ks`ghgl~w* jahlj v~ayg`c~ a~dlog{lpgaox*~cxcl~hb a~dlog{lpgaox* jahlj l~cl ocpta~mx "JLO'* lo` l xeljj osenc~ ai go`gyg`sljx* gohjs`godxaec vl~copx ai @HIX tl~ x/ Haeecopx bl` pa nc `cjgyc~c` pa pbc Plxm Ia~hc nw El~hb


9/61


GG/ XOLVXBAP AI HBGJ@ TCJIL^C XWXPCE

3 GJHX 3'

Pbc Lnsxc` lo` Ocdjchpc` Hbgj` ^cva~pgod Lhp v~ayg`cx ia~ pbc ~cva~pgod lo` goycxpgdlpgao aihbgj` lnsxc lo` ocdjchp lo` hbl~dcx pbc @cvl~pecop ai Hbgj`~co lo` Ilegjw Xc~yghcx tgpb plmgodpbaxc ~cva~px lo` hao`shpgod pbaxc goycxpgdlpgaox/ Gp cxplnjgxbc` `cigogpgaox* pgeci~lecx*lxxcxxecop lo` hlxc vjloogod/

3


10/61


Hbgj` Hl~c Lhp ">>3 GJHX 4> cxplnjgxbc` pbc iajjatgod ~c|sg~cecopx;

Lègogxp~lpgyc hlxc ~cygctx* hlxc eloldcecop vjloogod lo` vc~elocohw bcl~godx pa~cygct hbgj`~cox c`shlpgaolj* vbwxghlj lo` ecoplj xc~yghc occ`x/

Iaxpc~ hl~c vjlhcecop ~cygctx pa eaogpa~ pbc xlicpw lo` lvv~av~glpcocxx ai iaxpc~ hl~c

vjlhcecopx/ Ks`ghglj `cpc~egolpgaox ao tbcpbc~ ~clxaolnjc ciia~px tc~c el`c pa cgpbc~ v~cycop

vjlhcecop ai hbgj`~co go iaxpc~ hl~c a~ pa lxxgxp vl~copx go cjgegolpgod pbc hao`gpgaoxpblp jc` pa hbgj` ~ceaylj/

@ahsecoplpgao ai Pgpjc GY%C lo` Pgpjc GY%N haevjglohc/

V~cycoplpgyc lo` ~csogighlpgao xc~yghcx* tbco xlic lo` lvv~av~glpc pa à xa* v~ayg`c`pa bgdb ~gxm ilegjgcx pa cgpbc~ v~cycop a~ ljjcyglpc pbc occ` ia~ hbgj` ~ceaylj/

Ic`c~lj làvpgao xsvva~p vlwecopx ia~ hbgj`~co go occ` ai làvpgyc baecx/

Go lo ciia~p pa ~cygpljg{c lo` xp~codpbco ic`c~lj ayc~xgdbp ai xplpc hbgj` tcjil~c xwxpcex* V/J/ 79%>4> ljxa el`c ic`c~lj ~cgens~xcecop iso`god pa xplpcx hao`gpgaolj svao eccpgod Pgpjc GY%N lo`

Pgpjc GY%C ~c|sg~cecopx/ Pgpjc GY%N xc~ycx lx l hlvvc` copgpjcecop ia~ iso`god ai xshb hbgj`tcjil~c xc~yghcx lx ilegjw xsvva~p xc~yghcx* hbgj` iahsxc` xc~yghcx lo` làvpgyc vjlhcecopxc~yghcx/ Pgpjc GY%N d~lopx ljxa hlo nc sxc` pa xsvva~p ~cxcl~hb* p~lgogod lo` `ceaoxp~lpgaov~akchpx/

Go haop~lxp pa pbgx jgegpc` iso`c` xas~hc* Pgpjc GY%C gx lo avco%co`c` copgpjcecop pblp elw ncsxc` aojw ia~ iaxpc~ hl~c lo` làvpgao crvco`gps~cx a~ ia~ apbc~ haxpx lvv~ayc` pb~asdb Pgpjc GY%C tlgyc~x/ Olpgaoljjw* pbc ylxp elka~gpw ai ic`c~lj hbgj` tcjil~c àjjl~x "ayc~ 46#' l~c xvcop aoiaxpc~ hl~c lo` làvpgao xc~yghcx/

Go


11/61


Pbc LXIL v~ayg`cx pblp l xplpc esxp igjc l pc~egolpgao vcpgpgao gi l hbgj` blx ncco go iaxpc~ hl~cia~ igipcco asp ai pbc eaxp ~chcop ptcopw%pta eaopbx/ Pbc LXIL* batcyc~* àcx v~ayg`c pb~cccrhcvpgaox pa pbgx elo`lpc` v~aygxgao/ Ig~xp* pbc Xplpc occ` oap igjc l pc~egolpgao vcpgpgao gi l~cjlpgyc hl~cx ia~ pbc hbgj`/ Xchao`* pbc LXIL xsxvco`x pbc pc~egolpgao ~c|sg~cecop gi pbc xplpcldcohw blx àhsecopc` l haevcjjgod ~clxao crvjlgogod tbw igjgod gx oap go pbc ncxp gopc~cxp ai

pbc hbgj`/ Pbg~`* pbc xplpc occ` oap igjc pbc pc~egolpgao ~c|sg~cecop gi gp ilgjc` pa v~ayg`c pbchbgj`$x ilegjw tgpb pbc xc~yghcx ochcxxl~w pa xlicjw ~csogpc pbc hbgj` tgpb bgx a~ bc~ vl~copx/

Go lo ciia~p pa ~c`~cxx pbc vc~hcgyc` xba~phaegodx ai pbc ia~ec~ ~clxaolnjc ciia~px v~aygxgao lo`pa vjlhc pbc bcljpb lo` xlicpw ai pbc hbgj` ig~xp* pbc LXIL l``x pb~cc oct crhcvpgaox pa pbc~clxaolnjc ciia~px ~c|sg~cecop/ Pbc LXIL àcx oap ~c|sg~c ~clxaolnjc ciia~px gi aoc ai pbciajjatgod crgxpx; "


12/61


apbc~ haeesogpw xc~yghcx ia~ ilegjgcx/ Pbc HAL v~ahcxx gx bgdbjw ~cxvchpc` lo` v~ayg`cx ltcjhaec xplo`l~` ai v~aicxxgaoljgxe go pbc igcj`/ Pbgx gx go jgoc tgpb eaycx pb~asdbasp pbc hbgj`tcjil~c igcj` pa gev~ayc |sljgpw ai xc~yghcx pa ilegjgcx lo` hbgj`~co/ @HIX hbaxc pa xccmlhh~c`gplpgao/ Pbgx blx ncco lo geva~plop ilhpa~ go xblvgod pbc hs~~cop vghps~c ai @HIXavc~lpgaox/ Go l``gpgao @HIX ~c|sg~cx ljj ldcohgcx iso`c` pa v~ayg`c hbgj` tcjil~c xc~yghcx

pb~asdb pbc @cvl~pecop pa xccm lo` elgoplgo lhh~c`gplpgao/ Eccpgod HAL ~c|sg~cecopx blx`~gyco l osenc~ ai @HIX `chgxgaox ao vajghgcx lo` v~ahc`s~cx go ~chcop wcl~x lo` @HIX blxhbaxco pa cevblxg{c xaec lxvchpx ai pbc v~ahcxx lo` l~dslnjw oap apbc~x/ Pbc ciichp ailhh~c`gplpgao ~c|sg~cecopx gx ao pbc xs~ilhc gx pa vjlhc lo crpc~olj xclj ai haoig`cohc ao pbceloldcecop lo` |sljgpw ai xc~yghcx v~ayg`c` nw pbc @cvl~pecop/ Pbgx gx l ~coctlnjc v~ahcxxpblp ~c|sg~cx hjaxc eaogpa~god lo` xsvva~p/

>/ @CEAD^LVBGHX LO@ PBC XBGIPGOD @HIX HLXCJAL@

Hbgj`~co dcoc~ljjw copc~ pbc hbgj` tcjil~c xwxpce go Gjjgoagx pb~asdb l ~cva~p pa pbc hbgj` lnsxcbapjgoc/ Xgohc 6# ai tbghb l~c xsnkchp pa l ia~elj goycxpgdlpgao ia~ vaxxgnjc lnsxc/ Go IW 62 a~ >* pbcosenc~ ai hlxcx avco ia~ xc~yghc `chjgoc` 88# i~ae 2*674 pa 3*0


13/61


wcl~ igds~cx l~c ilg~jw jcycj lp lnasp 0# a~ 3#* pbc Tbgpc vc~hcopldc blx `~avvc` tbgjc pbcLi~ghlo%Lec~ghlo vc~hcopldc blx goh~clxc`/ Go IW76* Li~ghlo%Lec~ghlox haoxpgpspc` 99# aipbc xsnxpgpspc hl~c vavsjlpgao/ Pblp goh~clxc` pa 42# go IW73 lo` ~avvc` pa 4># go IW6*402


14/61


Co`%ai%Wcl~ Iaxpc~ Hl~c Hlxcjal` "Ksoc 86' 5 Xpl~p%ai%Wcl~ Hlxcjal`- Cop~lohcx Crgpx

Gp xbatx pblp pbc co`%ai%wcl~"Ksoc 86' hasop ai lhpgyc iaxpc~hl~c hlxcx ~axc i~ae >8*920hbgj`~co go igxhlj


15/61


ai hjlxx lhpgao xsgpx ~cxsjpc` go haoxcop `ch~ccx pblp ~c|sg~c hc~plgo lhpgaox/ Go ~cxvaoxc pa pbcxchaohc~ox lo` tgpb pbc lxxgxplohc ai iso`god lo` dsg`lohc cenc``c` go ic`c~lj hbgj` tcjil~c~cia~e jcdgxjlpgao* @HIX lègogxp~lpa~x gev~ayc` v~lhpghc lo` asphaec go l osenc~ ai l~clx/Pbc @cvl~pecopx lhhaevjgxbecopx gohjs`c;

Goh~clxc` làvpgaox/ Ea~c pblo >4*666 tl~`x blyc ncco làvpc` lo` 9*666 tl~ x blycncco `gxhbl~dc` pa v~gylpc dsl~`gloxbgv go pbc jlxp xgr wcl~x lx l ~cxsjp ai hajjlna~lpgycciia~px leaod pbc has~px* v~gylpc ldcohgcx* lo` @HIX/

^c`shpgao go lyc~ldc jcodpb ai xplw go iaxpc~ hl~c/ Aoc mcw asphaec ai pbc goh~clxc` ~lpcai làvpgao lo` xsnxg`g{c` dsl~`gloxbgvx blx ncco l ~c`shpgao go pbc lyc~ldc jcodpb aixplw go iaxpc~ hl~c ia~ pbaxc hbgj`~co copc~god pbc xwxpce/ Go pbc cl~jw


16/61


GGG/ DCOC^LJ PBCECX LO@ HAOHCÔX

Gjjgoagx @cvl~pecop ai Hbgj`~co lo` Ilegjw Xc~yghcx gx haoxg`c~c` leaod pbc ncxp eloldc`hbgj` tcjil~c ldcohgcx go pbc hasop~w nw pbaxc tba p~lhm olpgaolj vc~ia~elohc go pbgx l~cl/^cijchpgod pbc paoc lo` cevblxgx ai ic`c~lj hbgj` tcjil~c jcdgxjlpgao lo` dsg`cjgocx* pbc

@cvl~pecop blx cjchpc` pa iahsx ao l ha~c xcp ai asphaecx pblp elow tasj` l~dsc haoxpgpspc pbcelka~ ankchpgyc ai vsnjgh hbgj` tcjil~c v~apchp hbgj`~co i~ae pbc eaxp xc~gasx bl~e cgpbc~ nwcjcylpgod pbc hlvlhgpw ai pbcg~ ato vl~copx pa hl~c ia~ pbce a~ nw igo`god ljpc~olpgyc* vc~elocopjgygod l~~lodcecopx/

Go l``gpgao pa pbcxc ldcohw asphaecx* batcyc~* pbc Plxm Ia~hc crvja~c` pbc crpcop pa tbghb pbchbgj`~co lo` ilegjgcx goyajyc` go pbgx xwxpce ~chcgyc |sljgpw gopc~ycopgaox lo`* pa pbc crpcopvaxxgnjc* `cpc~egoc gi pbcxc gopc~ycopgaox gev~ayc` l hbgj`x ceapgaolj lo` `cycjavecopljp~lkchpa~w/ Eshb ai pbc govsp tc ~chcgyc` i~ae yl~gasx xas~hcx gohjs`god @HIX xplii* v~gylpcldcohw v~ayg`c~x* iaxpc~ vl~copx* @HIX tl~`x* pbc ksycogjc has~p lo` apbc~x goyajyc` golxxcxxgod pbc tcjj%ncgod ai hbgj`~co go pbgx xwxpce ~lgxc` haohc~ox ~cdl~`god pbc ldcohwx

xshhcxx go pbcxc l``gpgaolj asphaec àelgox/ Tbgjc elow ai pbcxc haohc~ox à oap clxgjwp~loxjlpc gopa xvchgigh* xba~p%pc~e ~chaeeco`lpgaox* pbc Plxm Ia~hc ncjgcycx pbcw l~c geva~plopgxxscx pa haoxg`c~ go xblvgod isps~c @HIX vajghw lo` v~lhpghc/

4# l~cxsnxplopglpc` lo`* ai pbgx d~asv* aojw >6# "a~ l~aso` 3# ai ljj goycxpgdlpgaox go IW 6>' ~cxsjpc`go @HIX avcogod l hlxc/ Go apbc~ ta~`x* aojw 3 hbgj ~co asp ai cyc~w 6 asp ai cyc~w


17/61


^chcop hblodcx go pbc dsg`cjgocx dayc~ogod pbc `cigogpgao ai hbgj` ocdjchp lx tcjj lx nlo ao sxgod@HIX vjlhcecopx ia~ waspb


18/61


`giic~cop co`x ai pbc ~gxm haopgosse* napb xbl~c l haeeao cevblxgx ao pbc sxc ai ia~elj lo`goia~elj xsvva~px go eccpgod pbc `gyc~xc occ`x ai ilegjgcx/

Gjjgoagx gx ia~psolpc pa blyc l yc~w lhpgyc lo` haev~cbcoxgyc ocpta~m ai v~cycopgao xc~yghcxvl~pghsjl~jw ia~ pbaxc ilegjgcx tgpb hbgj`~co so`c~ pbc ldc ai igyc/ Go lo ciia~p `cycjav gpx

v~cycopgao egxxgao* pbc @cvl~pecop xbasj` plmc l`ylopldc ai pbgx ocpta~m lo` elmc lhaeegpecop pa eclogodisj xc~yghc lxxcxxecopx ia~ ljj go`ghlpc` hlxcx goyajygod wasod hbgj`~co/^lpbc~ pblo hao`shpgod p~l`gpgaolj goycxpgdlpgaox go pbcxc hlxcx* @HIX xplii xbasj` vjlhc v~gel~wcevblxgx ao tbcpbc~ lo` bat hbgj`~co egdbp nc v~apchpc` go pbc isps~c/ Pbgx `giic~cohc goa~gcoplpgao hlo blyc v~aiaso` gevlhpx ao tblp |scxpgaox l~c lxmc` lo` bat xc~yghcavva~psogpgcx l~c g`copgigc`/ Ta~mgod tgpb pbc xplpcx vaaj ai v~cycopgao xc~yghc v~ayg`c~x* @HIXxbasj` v~ayg`c pblp pbaxc ilegjgcx pblp `a oap eccp pbc hs~~cop pb~cxbaj` ia~ lnsxc l~c ~cic~~c` papbc lvv~av~glpc xsvva~p xc~yghcx/ Xgegjl~jw* pbc @cvl~pecop xbasj` ta~m tgpb pbc waspb xc~yghchaeesogpw pa `cycjav l tg`c~ l~~lw ai vjlhcecop avpgaox ia~ hbgj`~co hbl~dc` lx `cjgo|scopxtba blyc l bgxpa~w ai lnsxc pa goxs~c pblp pbc lvv~av~glpc xc~yghc ljpc~olpgycx l~c lylgjlnjc papbcxc waspb tgpbgo l xahglj xc~yghc haopcrp/

>/ Eclxs~god Xshhcxx Lhha~`god pa Xwxpce yc~xsx Hbgj Tcjj%Ncgod Asphaecx

Lx oapc` lnayc* pbc v~gel~w asphaecx dayc~ogod pbc `cxgdo lo` hajjchpgao ai pbc @cvl~pecopxl`egogxp~lpgyc `lpl blx ncco l xcp ai mcw ldcohw asphaecx lo` haevjglohc tgpb ic`c~ljvc~ia~elohc xplo`l~`x/ Tbgjc @HIX hajjchpx l d~clp `clj ai goia~elpgao* pbc elka~gpw ai pbcxc`lpl vc~plgo pa hlxcjal` ijat lo` igxhlj lhhasoplngjgpw/ Oap coasdb cevblxgx gx vjlhc` ao~aspgocjw eaogpa~god hbgj`~cox `cycjavecop a~ xahglj%ceapgaolj isohpgaogod xshb lxgev~aycecop go vc~xaolj isohpgaogod* haevjcpgao ai c`shlpgaolj ankchpgycx a~ pbc lnxcohcx aiocdlpgyc asphaecx "xshb lx cl~jw v~cdolohw* `~sd sxc a~ dlod goyajycecop'/ As~ gopc~ygctx tgpb@HIX lo` haop~lhp ldcohw vc~xaoocj xsddcxpc` pblp nchlsxc jgppjc cevblxgx gx vjlhc` aoeaogpa~god pbc tcjj%ncgod ai hbgj`~co go `cpc~egogod xshhcxx* hlxc ta~mc~x lo` ldcohweloldc~x iahsx v~gel~gjw ao pbaxc asphaecx tbghb l~c yljsc` "c/d/* ~c`shgod l hbgj`x jcodpb aixplw* elgoplgogod l hbgj` go pbc jclxp ~cxp~ghpgyc coyg~aoecop* cph/'/ Elow crv~cxxc` haohc~o pblppbc lnxcohc ai crvjghgp crvchplpgaox ~cdl~`god bat @HIX xbasj` gev~ayc l hbgj`x tcjj%ncgodblx xgdogighlop gevlhpx ao ldcohw `chgxgaox lo` jgegpx pbc lngjgpw ai @HIX pa g`copgiw* go l pgecjwelooc~* oct xc~yghc occ`x a~ vaxxgnjc gociighgcohgcx/ Go apbc~ goxplohcx* xshb lx pbc gxxsc aiegxxgod @HIX tl~`x* goia~elpgao ao waspb go pbc xwxpce a~ ilegjgcx ~chcgygod xc~yghcx blxncco v~cxcopc` go l elooc~ pblp ncxp xc~ycx pbc @cvl~pecopx crgxpgod `cigogpgaolj i~lecta~m~lpbc~ pblo lx l eclox ai v~ayg`god lo lhhs~lpc lxxcxxecop ai cec~dgod occ`x/

l/ Pbc Eclogod ai \sljgpw go pbc Haopcrp ai Tblp gx Ncgod Eaogpa~c`; @HIX blxavc~lpgaoljg{c` l osenc~ ai gopc~olj eloldcecop goia~elpgao xwxpcex `cxgdoc` pa ncppc~p~lhm pbc ijat ai hbgj`~co go lo` pb~asdb pbc xwxpce* pbc vlwecop ai l `gyc~xc l~~lw aiv~ayg`c~x lo` pbc crpcop pa tbghb pbc @cvl~pecop eccpx Ic`c~lj v~lhpghc xplo`l~`x/Pbcxc `lpl `celo`x vjlhc lo coa~easx ns~`co ao `g~chp xc~yghc ta~mc~x/ L ~chcopDcoc~lj Lhhasopgod Aiighc "DLA' ~cva~p ao hbgj` tcjil~c v~lhpghc lo` xpliigod gxxscxoapc` pblp hlxcta~mc~x go Gjjgoagx ~cva~pc` pbc occ` pa haevjcpc ayc~


19/61


ilegjw isohpgaogod/ Ia~ crlevjc* tbco tc lxmc` bat pbc @cvl~pecop eclxs~c`~clxaolnjc ciia~p go ~cps~ogod hbgj`~co pa pbcg~ ng~pb ilegjgcx* @HIX xplii oapc` pblp pbchs~~cop ~cygct gx jgegpc` pa pbc ahhs~~cohc ai xvchgigh cycopx "c/d/* has~p bcl~godx*`chgxgao%elmgod ~cygctx* cph' lo` pbc àhsecoplpgao ai pbcxc cycopx go pbc hbgj`x hlxc~cha~`/ Tbgjc pbgx pwvc ai ~cygct eaxp hc~plgojw gx tblp pbc ic`c~lj dayc~oecop ~c|sg~cx*

oapbgod go pbc ic`c~lj dsg`cjgocx v~chjs`c xplpcx i~ae àgod ea~c/ @HIX blx jgegpc` gpx~cygctx pa haevjglohc ~lpbc~ pblo eclxs~god |sljgpw ai hl~c lo` hbgj` asphaecx/ Go`cc`*hjgoghlj xc~yghcx lo` xsvva~px l~c el~dgoljg{c` tgpbgo pbc @cvl~pecopx a~dlog{lpgaoljxp~shps~c/ Oa hjcl~ hblgo ai haeelo` crgxpx ncptcco pbc hjgoghlj xc~yghcx @cvl~pecoplo` pbc ~cdgaolj aiighcx/ Gevjcecoplpgao ai ~cia~ex xshb lx pbc gopcd~lpc` lxxcxxecopv~apahajx l~c jgegpc` pa `ceaoxp~lpgao xgpcx lo` pbc daa` tgjj pblp hlo nc `cycjavc`ncptcco @HIX lègogxp~lpgyc xplii lo` ~cdgaolj xsvc~ygxa~x/ Ncxp v~lhpghcx avc~lpcx lpaoc co` ai pbc a~dlog{lpgaolj hbl~p lo` hjgoghlj xc~yghcx lp pbc apbc~/

n/ Pbc Sxc ai Lègogxp~lpgyc @lpl go Lxxcxxgod Haop~lhp Vc~ia~elohc / Pbc lnxcohc aixajg` hbgj`%xvchgigh asphaec eclxs~cx ljxa h~clpcx v~anjcex go pbc tlw go tbghb haop~lhp

ldcohgcx l~c eaogpa~c` lo` ~ctl~`c`/ Go cxxcohc* haop~lhp ldcohgcx l~c bcj` lhhasoplnjcia~ bat |sghmjw l hbgj` gx vjlhc` go l vc~elocop xcppgod oap tbcpbc~ a~ oap pbc ldcohw blxl``~cxxc` l hbgj`x ceapgaolj a~ ncblyga~lj v~anjcex/ Go l``gpgao* pbc ldcohw* iaxpc~vl~copx lo` hlxcta~mc~x ilhc l xp~aod `gxgohcopgyc pa àhsecop xsnxc|scop lnsxc go pblpxshb ~cva~px l~c bcj` ldlgoxp pbc ldcohw go lxxcxxgod pbcg~ ayc~ljj vc~ia~elohc/ Pbcxba~p%pc~e lo` v~argelpc olps~c ai pbc hs~~cop vc~ia~elohc eclxs~cx ljxa `gxhas~ldcldcohgcx i~ae haoxg`c~god pbc jaod pc~e gevjghlpgaox a~ yglngjgpw ai pbcg~ `chgxgaox/ Ia~crlevjc* tbgjc lo ldcohw gx dgyco h~c`gp ia~ xshhcxxisjjw vjlhgod l hbgj` go lo làvpgycxcppgod* oa vcoljpw gx lxxcxxc` pbc ldcohw gi pblp làvpgao ilgjx/ Pbaxc tba xvamc tgpbpbc Plxm Ia~hc go`ghlpc` pblp pbgx pwvc ai ol~~at* xba~p%pc~e go`ghlpa~x ai xshhcxx egdbpoap v~a`shc l xc~yghc xwxpce pblp liia~`x hbgj`~co gopc~ycopgaox hlvlnjc ai l``~cxxgodpbcg~ vc~xaoocj occ`x lo` gev~aygod pbcg~ jaod%pc~e p~lkchpa~gcx/

8/ Vjlhcecop Goxplngjgpw

Xsnxplopglj hblodc gx `giighsjp ia~ low hbgj` pa ocdapglpc lo` vl~pghsjl~jw `giighsjp ia~ hbgj`~cotba blyc crvc~gcohc` hbgj` eljp~clpecop/ Xshb hbgj`~co blyc lj~cl`w ~chcgyc` l ecxxldc pblppbcw l~c oap yljsc` lo` pblp pbc l`sjpx go pbcg~ jgycx hlooap nc hasopc` ao pa v~ayg`c pbce xlicpwlo` ceapgaolj xchs~gpw/ Ia~ l yl~gcpw ai ~clxaox* hbgj`~co plmco gopa hl~c nw @HIX ilhc ~cvclpc`hblodcx ayc~ pbc has~xc ai pbcg~ hbgj` tcjil~c crvc~gcohc/ Ao lyc~ldc* l hbgj` ~celgogod go pbcxwxpce ia~ lp jclxp aoc wcl~ hlo crvchp pa blyc 9 vjlhcecopx/ Lhha~`god pa Hblvgo Bljj*

pbc ec`glo osenc~ ai vjlhcecopx gx 8* tbghb xsddcxp l xmctc` `gxp~gnspgaotbc~c pbc~c l~c elow hbgj`~co tgpb yc~w elow vjlhcecopx/ Lnasp 8vjlhcecopx/ Lnasp


20/61


hlxcta~mc~x/ Tl~`x xvamc ai bat pbcw hblodc hlxcta~mc~x lx aipco lx pta pa pb~cc pgecx lwcl~/ Tgpb clhb oct ta~mc~ a~ oct iaxpc~ vl~cop* waspb l~c ~c|sg~c` pa ~cvclp pbcg~ bgxpa~w lo`pa cxplnjgxb tblp paa aipco nchaec wcp loapbc~ xba~p%pc~e ~cjlpgaoxbgv/ Gp nchaecx ea~c loèa~c `giighsjp ia~ pbc tl~` pa cxplnjgxb l p~sxpgod ~cjlpgaoxbgv tgpb low l`sjp lx pbc l`sjpx go pbcg~jgycx mccv hblodgod/ Aipco pbc Has~p%Lvvagopc` Xvchglj L`yahlpc "HLXL' yajsopcc~ tlx pbc

aojw haoxplop go pbc hbgj`x vjlhcecop/ I~c|scop hblodcx ai hlxcta~mc~x xsnxplopgljjw goh~clxcpbc tl~`x `gxhaeia~p lo` pbc vapcopglj ia~ Vaxp P~lselpgh Xp~cxx @gxa~`c~ lx pbc tl~` esxp pcjjbgx xpa~w ldlgo lo` ldlgo/ Cyco pbc ncxp blo`jc` hblodcx go vjlhcecop%%àoc tgpb l hbgj`$xgopc~cxpx go ego`* xcoxgpgycjw hl~~gc` asp* lo` haevjcpc` tgpbasp l hblodc ai xahglj ta~mc~%%l~c l`gx~svpgao go pbc haopgosgpw ai hl~c lo` hlo jcl` pa l vapcopglj .vlppc~o ai ~chgv~ahlj ljgcolpgaolo` ~ckchpgao./ Tbgjc pbc @cvl~pecop ~chcopjw gevjcecopc` l vjlo pa hao`shp haev~cbcoxgyclxxcxxecopx go pbaxc hlxcx go tbghb l hbgj` blx crvc~gcohc` ea~c pblo pb~cc vjlhcecopx go ldgyco wcl~* tc ncjgcyc ea~c xbasj` nc àoc pa ~c`shc pbcxc soochcxxl~w `gx~svpgaox pa l hbgj`xjgygod coyg~aoecop/

l/ Jclxp ^cxp~ghpgyc Hl~c @chgxgaox lo` @gx~svpgaox; @HIX lx tcjj lx pbc jl~dc~ ecoplj

bcljpb haeesogpw avc~lpc ao pbc v~gohgvjc ai vjlhgod hbgj`~co go pbc jclxp ~cxp~ghpgyccoyg~aoecop/ Pbc `chgxgao pa vjlhc l hbgj tgpb ~cjlpgycx* l oao%~cjlpgyc iaxpc~ ilegjw*d~asv baec a~ apbc~ ~cxg`copglj hl~c xcppgod gx nlxc` ao l hbgj`x occ`x lo` pbclylgjlngjgpw ai xsgplnjc avpgaox/ Ljj ai pbcxc xcppgodx ~cv~cxcop yc~w `giic~cop jgygodcoyg~aoecopx ia~ pbc hbgj` lo` ~cv~cxcop yc~w `giic~cop haxp gevjghlpgaox ia~ @HIX/Jclxp ~cxp~ghpgyc vjlhcecopx l~c aipco jcxx haxpjw xcppgodx* dgygod pbc @cvl~pecopxp~aod igxhlj gohcopgycx pa lvv~ayc l hbgj` ncgod vjlhc` go ilegjw iaxpc~ hl~c ~cdl~`jcxx ailow ncblyga~lj a~ hjgoghlj `giighsjpgcx/ Elow ai pbaxc tc gopc~ygctc` a~ tba haoplhpc`pbc Plxm Ia~hc ncjgcyc pbc @cvl~pecopx cevblxgx ao vjlhgod hbgj`~co go pbc jclxp~cxp~ghpgyc coyg~aoecop blx haop~gnspc` pa hbgj`~co nasohgod a~ esjpgvjc vjlhcecopx/Vjlhgod l hbgj` go l jcxx ~cxp~ghpgyc coyg~aoecop gx igoc gi pblp gx tblp gx occ`c` ia~ pblphbgj`/ Hbgj`~co crvc~gcohgod xc~gasx vxwhbajadghlj a~ ncblyga~lj v~anjcex elw xgevjw~c|sg~c ea~c xp~shps~c` jgygod coyg~aoecopx ia~ pbcg~ ato xlicpw lx tcjj lx pbc xlicpw aiapbc~ hbgj`~co go pbc xwxpce/ Tbco hbgj`~co l~c vjlhc` go xcppgodx pblp hlooap l``~cxxpbcg~ occ`x a~ lvv~av~glpcjw eloldc pbcg~ ncblyga~x* vjlhcecop `gx~svpgaox l~c pbcsoia~psolpc ~cxsjp/ Xaec vjlhcecop eaycx l~c xs~cjw occ`c` go pbc hbgj` tcjil~c xwxpcepa v~ayg`c cec~dcohw xc~yghcx lo` pa coxs~c pblp hbgj`~co l~c go xcppgodx pblp blyc pbcd~clpcxp jgmcjgbaa` ai bcjvgod pa lhbgcyc ~csogighlpgao a~ apbc~ vc~elocop vjlhcecopx/Pbc vjlhcecop goxplngjgpw pblp lhh~scx pa hbgj`~co go jaod%pc~e asp%ai%baec hl~c*batcyc~* gx oap jgmcjw pa nc ocl~jw xa vs~vaxcisj/

n/ Vc~elocohw @chgxgaox lo` @gx~svpgaox/ Lx oapc` lnayc* vlxxldc ai pbc ic`c~ljdayc~oecopx Làvpgao lo` Xlic Ilegjgcx Lhp ai


21/61


Nchlsxc ai eaocpl~w gohcopgycx lo`vc~ia~elohc nlxc` haop~lhpgod pa lhbgcyc vc~elocohw*xplii elw v~cxxs~c hl~cplmc~x pa cgpbc~ làvp a~ plmc xsnxg`g{c` dsl~`gloxbgv/ Aohc pbcvc~elocohw `cl`jgoc blx ncco ~clhbc * i~aop jgoc xplii l~c g~chpc pa vs~xsc làvpgao lo * gipblp avpgao ilgjx* pa xsddcxp xsnxg`g{c` dsl~`gloxbgv/ Go xaec goxplohcx* iaxpc~ vl~copx a~~cjlpgyc hl~cplmc~x tc~c goia~ec` pblp gi pbcw `g` oap làvp a~ plmc dsl~`gloxbgv ai pbc

hbgj`"~co' go pbcg~ hl~c pbc hbgj`~co tasj` nc ~ceayc` i~ae pbcg~ baec/ Xshb v~cxxs~c egdbpblyc jc` pa blxpw `chgxgaox/ Pbcxc vapcopgljjw vaa~ `chgxgaox tc~c is~pbc~ crlxvc~lpc` nw pbcjlhm ai lvv~av~glpc lipc~hl~c xc~yghcx/ Làvpgyc vl~copx a~ dsl~`glox tc~c jcip ao pbcg~ ato pal``~cxx pbc aodagod occ`x ai pbcxc hbgj`~co/ Pa lyag` pbcxc v~anjcex* haev~cbcoxgyc ~cygctxxbasj` nc so`c~plmco pa `cpc~egoc pbc lvv~av~glpc igp ncptcco l hbgj` lo` low vapcopgljlàvpgyc baec a~ xsnxg`g{c` dsl~`gloxbgv/

0/ Vc~ia~elohc%Nlxc` Haop~lhpgod lo` Gpx Gevlhp ao Xc~yghc \sljgpw

Go eaygod pa vc~ia~elohc%nlxc` haop~lhpgod* @HIX xasdbp pa lhbgcyc ea~c pgecjw vc~elocohcia~ hbgj`~co vjlhc` go iaxpc~ hl~c= pa goh~clxc pbc sxc ai baec% lo` haeesogpw%nlxc` xc~yghcx ia~

ilegjw xsvva~p* vjlhcecop v~cycopgao* lo` lipc~hl~c= pa goh~clxc haopgosgpw ai hl~c= lo` pa vjlhchbgj`~co ocl~ pbcg~ baec haeesogpgcx tbc~c lvv~av~glpc lo` pa ~c`shc haxpx/ Vc~ia~elohc%nlxc` haop~lhpgod gx ljxa gopco`c` pa elmc napb vsnjgh lo` v~gylpc ldcohgcx ea~c lhhasoplnjc ia~pbcxc asphaecx/

Pbc haevcpgpgyc olps~c ai vc~ia~elohc haop~lhpgod* batcyc~* blx h~clpc` l d~atgod`gxxlpgxilhpgao leaod ocl~jw ljj xc~yghc v~ayg`c~x/ Xvchgighljjw* xc~yghc v~ayg`c~x iccj pbc~c l~cv~anjcex ai aoc xa~p a~ loapbc~ tgpb xc~yghc `cjgyc~w* ~aplpgod lxxgdoecopx* haop~lhp eaogpa~god*vc~ia~elohc eclxs~cx* vlwecop ~lpcx* vajghw hblodcx* lo` pbc oa ~cisxlj vajghw/

l/ Xc~yghc Haoxgxpcohw lo` \sljgpw; Pbc @cvl~pecop eloldcx xc~yghc haop~lhpx tgpb >>4hbgj` tcjil~c xc~yghc ldcohgcx lo`


22/61


n/ Lxxgdoecop ai Hbgj`~co pa Xvchgigh V~ayg`c~x; Tc ~chadog{c pbc geva~plohc ai goxs~godpblp ljj ldcohgcx blyc lo c|slj avva~psogpw pa igjj pbcg~ hlxc haop~lhpx lo` pblp ldcohgcxoap nc ljjatc` pa xh~cco asp pbaxc ~cic~~ljx pblp v~cxcop l d~clpc~ hlxc eloldcecophbljjcodc/ Pbc `~lelpgh `ch~clxc go pbc osenc~ ai oct hlxcx copc~god pbc xwxpce blxis~pbc~ cjcylpc` haohc~ox leaod haop~lhp ldcohgcx ~cdl~`god hlxc ijat/ Pbc hs~~cop

xwxpce ai lxxgdogod hlxcx ao l ~aplpgod nlxgx tlx `cxgdoc` pa l``~cxx pbcxc lo` xgegjl~haohc~ox/ Batcyc~* xcyc~lj iaxpc~ vl~copx lo` haeesogpw l`yahlpcx oapc` pblp pbc~aplpgao xwxpce aipco ~cxsjpx go hbgj`~co ncgod vjlhc` go xcppgodx pblp l~c oap avpgelj/Ldcohgcx vaa~jw v~cvl~c` pa blo`jc hbgj`~co tgpb hb~aogh ec`ghlj hao`gpgaox a~ncblyga~lj `gxa~`c~x elw nc ~cic~~c` xshb hlxcx nchlsxc gp gx pbcg~ ps~o go jgoc a~nchlsxc pbcw blyc l hs~~cop avcogod/ Xshb vjlhcecopx hc~plgojw ~cv~cxcop l `gxxc~yghc papbc hbgj` lo` elw tcjj ~cv~cxcop l `gxxc~yghc pa pbc ldcohw/ Tbgjc occ`god pa nc~cxvchpisj ai pbc haop~lhp ldcohgcx igolohglj ~gxm go cxplnjgxbgod v~ad~lex tgpb aojw pbccrvchplpgao pblp xsiighgcop hlxcx tgjj nc ~cic~~c` pa eccp pbcg~ lopghgvlpc` ~cycoscx* pbcPlxm Ia~hc xp~aodjw cohas~ldcx pbc @cvl~pecop pa nlxc vjlhcecop `chgxgaox v~gel~gjw aopbc occ`x ai l dgyco hbgj`/ H~gpghlj `chgxgao vl~lecpc~x gohjs`c oap aojw l hbgj`x

vxwhbaxahglj occ`x nsp ljxa pbc hbgj`x occ` pa ~celgo hjaxc pa bgx a~ bc~ ~cjlpgycx lo`i~gco`xbgv ocpta~mx/

h/ ^cgens~xcecop lpcx;Lx pbc @HIX hlxcjal` blx `tgo`jc` lo` goplmcx blyc nchaecea~c xcjchpgyc* pbaxc hbgj`~co copc~god hl~c gohjs`c l bgdbc~ v~ava~pgao ai ea~c p~asnjc`hbgj`~co/ Tbgjc v~ayg`c~x ~chadog{c pblp ~cgens~xcecop ~lpcx blyc ncco goh~clxc` ayc~pgec* eaxp v~ayg`c~x tba haoplhpc` pbc Plxm Ia~hc `a oap iccj pbcxc goh~clxcx l~cxsiighgcop pa hayc~ ljj pbc haxpx ~cjlpc` pa xc~ygod pbgx ea~c occ`w vavsjlpgao/ Go dcoc~lj*elow ai pbc haeesogpw%nlxc` a~dlog{lpgaox blyc jgegpc` ~cxas~hcx lo` lxxcpx lylgjlnjcpa hayc~ low soecp haxpx lxxahglpc` tgpb xc~ygod @HIX hjgcopx/ Eaxp ldcohgcx l~cv~gylpc oap%ia~%v~aigpx tbghb elgoplgo xcvl~lpc iso` ~lgxgod lhpgygpgcx/ Tgpbaspiso`~lgxgod* eaxp v~ayg`c~x hasj` oap hayc~ pbcg~ avc~lpgod haxpx/ Go xba~p* haeesogpw%nlxc` a~ v~gylpc ldcohgcx xsnxg`g{c pbc @HIX vlwecopx pb~asdb aspxg`c iso`~lgxgod/Ncdgoogod Ksjw


23/61


xgdogighlop v~anjcex go pbc @cvl~pecopx hs~~cop lo` isps~c lngjgpw pa bg~c lo` igcj` pbgx pwvc aita~m ia~hc/

l/ @g~chp Xc~yghc Xplii Xba~pldcx; H~gpghlj xba~pldcx go pbc osenc~ lo` `gxp~gnspgaoai `g~chp xc~yghc xplii crgxp go l yl~gcpw ai @HIX @cvl~pecopx lo` leaod haop~lhp

ldcohgcx/ Pbcxc xplii xba~pldcx lvvcl~ pa nc eaxp lvvl~cop go pbc Xaspbc~o ^cdgao lo`leaod pbaxc goycxpgdlpgod ~cva~px ~chcgyc` nw pbc bapjgoc/ Xplii go pbc xaspbc~o ~cdgaoxyaghcx haohc~ox ayc~ jlhm ai iso`god ia~ p~loxva~plpgao lo` hcjj vbaoc `giighsjpgcx/ Pbcxcv~anjcex tc~c gopcoxgigc` lx aipco @HIX goycxpgdlpgyc xplii go pbc xaspbc~o ~cdgaox tc~caipco `cplgjc` lx il~ lx * pbgx osenc~ bl` `~avvc` >*776/ @s~god

pbc xlec vc~ga`* pbc osenc~ ai lègogxp~lpgyc vaxgpgaox ~axc 32# i~ae 323 pa 7>9/Ncptcco Ksjw >66< lo` Icn~sl~w >668* LIXHEC ~cva~p xplii `g~chpjw ~cxvaoxgnjc ia~eloldgod hbgj` tcjil~c hlxcx icjj nw 802 vaxgpgaox* a~ 66>* pbclègogxp~lpgao lppcevpc` pa cjgegolpc pbc `g~chp xc~yghc lo` xsvc~ygxa~w vaxgpgaox go HaamHcop~lj ^cdgao lo` ~clxxgdoc` pbcg~ hlxcx pa xplii go Haam Oa~pb lo` Haam Xaspb^cdgaox/ Pbc sogao hbljjcodc` pbc ecpba` go tbghb pbgx tlx aoc/ I~ae pblp pgec papbc lvvagopecop ai pbc Plxm Ia~hc* pbc lègogxp~lpgao ~cisxc` pa ~cps~o pbc hlxcjal`x paxplii go Haam Hcop~lj ^cdgao cyco pbasdb pbc `gxxajspgao ai pbc ~cdgao tlx vaxpvaoc`/Elow ai pbcxc @HIX xplii tc~c vlg` pa haec pa ta~m nsp oap dgyco low ta~m pa à/ Lxpbc plxm ia~hc gopc~ygctc` ea~c lo` ea~c xplii lnasp pbgx xgpslpgao* pbc lègogxp~lpgaoigoljjw dlyc l ict lxxgdoecopx pa pbcxc @HIX xplii tbaxc hlxcx bl` ncco ~ceayc`* nspxpgjj `g` oap ljjat pbce pa lxxgxp tgpb pbcg~ v~cygasxjw lxxgdoc` hlxcx/

Lhha~`god pa pbc @cvl~pecopx ato xplii igds~cx* pbc~c l~c hs~~copjw 36 lègogxp~lpgyclo` >0> `g~chp xc~yghc ylhlohgcx/ @cxvgpc ~clxxs~lohcx nw pbc Dayc~oa~x aiighc* xaecigcj` xplii l~c sohc~plgo lx pa pbcg~ lngjgpw pa igjj `g~chp xc~yghc vaxgpgaox/ Pbgx lengdsgpwblx ~cxsjpc` go bgdbc~ hlxcjal`x lo` `cpc~ga~lpgod xplii ea~ljc go hc~plgo jahlpgaox/ Giigjjgod pbcxc vaxgpgaox gx l v~ga~gpw* geec`glpc lo` ldd~cxxgyc ciia~px xbasj ncso`c~plmco pa lxxs~c pblp ljj @HIX aiighcx blyc xsiighgcop `g~chp xc~yghc lo` xsvc~ygxa~wxplii pa eccp pbc occ`x ai pbaxc hbgj`~co hs~~copjw go pbc xwxpce lx tcjj lx pbaxc ncgod~cic~~c` ia~ lo gogpglj goycxpgdlpgao/

n/ Xplii \sljgighlpgaox lo` P~lgogod ; So`c~ pbc hs~~cop @HIX dsg`cjgocx* ljjxsvc~ygxa~x lo` elow `g~chp xc~yghc xplii l~c ~c|sg~c` pa baj` lo EXT a~ c|sgyljcop


24/61


hjgoghlj `cd~cc/ Xshb l xplo`l~` gx oap sosxslj lo` ~cijchpx l d~atgod na`w ai ~cxcl~hbpblp xsddcxp xshb |sljgighlpgaox l~c cxxcopglj ia~ ta~mc~x tba l~c crvchpc` pa v~ayg`clvv~av~glpc lo` pgecjw lxxgxplohc pa l haevjcr hjgcop vavsjlpgao/ Tbgjc c`shlpgaoljh~c`copgljx ljaoc l~c oap xsiighgcop v~c`ghpa~x ai xc~yghc |sljgpw* pbcw à aiic~ @HIX lo`gpx haop~lhp ldcohgcx lo geva~plop ncohbel~m ia~ lxxcxxgod pbc v~aicxxgaoljgxe lo` xmgjjx

ai gpx ta~mia~hc/ Soia~psolpcjw* pbc vaaj ai |sljgigc` EXTx gx jgegpc`* vl~pghsjl~jw gopbc ea~c ~s~lj ~cdgaox ai pbc xplpc/ Go l``gpgao* xljl~w jcycjx lo` ta~mgod hao`gpgaox gohbgj` tcjil~c aipco l~c oap haevcpgpgyc tgpb apbc~ cevjawecop avpgaox lylgjlnjc pa pbaxcEXTx gopc~cxpc` go g~chp xc~yghc vaxgpgaox/ Pa pbc crpcop @HIX ~celgox haeegppc` pagpx hs~~cop bg~god h~gpc~gl* asp~clhb ciia~px xbasj` nc ~c%àsnjc` tgpb jahlj lhl`ceghgoxpgpspgaox pa crvlo` pbc vaaj ai lylgjlnjc EXTx/ Go l``gpgao* pbc @cvl~pecop occ`x pal``~cxx ta~mgod hao`gpgaox lo` aiic~ `g~chp xc~yghc vc~xaoocj lhhcxx pa aodagod xsvva~plo` avva~psogpgcx ia~ hl~cc~ l`ylohcecop/ Xshb gev~aycecopx tasj` oap aojw elmc@HIX l ea~c lpp~lhpgyc ig~xp cevjawecop avva~psogpw nsp ljxa ~c`shc xplii ps~oayc~/

h/ Xsvc~ygxgao / \sljgpw xsvc~ygxgao gev~aycx napb ta~mc~ vc~ia~elohc lo` hjgcop

asphaecx/ Lx xshb* gp gx h~gpghlj pblp ljj @HIX hlxc eloldc~x ~chcgyc ~cdsjl~ go`gyg`sljlo` d~asv xsvc~ygxgao/ V~ayg`god pbgx pwvc ai |sljgpw ~cygct ai ta~mc~ vc~ia~elohc lo``chgxgao%elmgod ~c|sg~cx pblp xsvc~ygxa~x eaogpa~ l ~cjlpgycjw ict osenc~ ai ta~mc~xlo` pblp pbcw blyc xsiighgcop pgec pa `cyapc pa pbgx geva~plop plxm/ Soia~psolpcjw* elowxsvc~ygxa~x ~cva~pc` pblp apbc~ ta~m `celo`x aipco jgegp pbc pgec lylgjlnjc ia~ xpliihaoxsjplpgaox lo` crlegogod hlxc xvchgigh `chgxgaox/ Xsvc~ygxa~x ~cva~p pblp pbcw l~ci~c|scopjw vjlhc` ao yl~gasx haeegppccx* lo` aipco occ` pa xvco` haoxg`c~lnjc pgeclppco`god has~p bcl~godx* vl~pghgvlpgod go vjlhcecop ~cygct pcle xpliigod lo` v~ayg`godbaec ygxgpx lo` apbc~ `g~chp xc~yghcx/ Tbgjc gp gx gevaxxgnjc pa cjgegolpc ljj ai pbcxcplxmx* pbc~c xbasj` nc l haohc~pc` ciia~p pa goxs~c pblp xsvc~ygxa~x xvco` pbc elka~gpw aipbcg~ pgec xsvc~ygxgod ta~mc~x/

`/ Xplii Lhhasoplngjgpw ; Xsvc~ygxa~x lo` elow hlxc eloldc~x blyc elxpc~x ai xahgljta~m a~ xgegjl~ `cd~ccx/ @cxvgpc pbcxc |sljgighlpgaox* elow xsvc~ygxa~x lo` hlxceloldc~x ~cva~p blygod pa ~cjw ao apbc~ go`gyg`sljx tgpb pbc xlec `cd~ccx pa haoig~epbcg~ hjgoghlj ks`decopx/ Tbgjc xaec ~c`so`lohw gx lvv~av~glpc* vl~pghsjl~jw go hlxcxgoyajygod pbc ~ceaylj ai l hbgj` i~ae l baec a~ pbc pc~egolpgao ai vl~coplj ~gdbpx*esjpgvjc jlwc~x ai `chgxgao elmgod hlo bgo`c~ l hlxc eloldc~x lngjgpw pa elmc pgecjw`chgxgaox lo` xchs~c occ`c` xc~yghcx/ Ia~ crlevjc* hlxc eloldc~x l~c p~lgoc` pa àt~lvl~aso` vjlox nsp l~c aipco oap dgyco pbc lspba~gpw pa `cycjav lo` gevjcecop pbcxcvjlox tgpbasp ig~xp v~ahcxxgod pbc hlxc pb~asdb esjpgvjc `chgxgao jcycjx/ Xshb l v~ahcxxhlo gevc`c |sljgpw ai hl~c lo` ~c`shc l eloldc~x xcoxc ai vc~xaolj ~cxvaoxgngjgpw ia~lhbgcygod mcw hbgj` asphaecx/ Go xp~shps~god xsvc~ygxgao lo` ~cygctx* cyc~w ciia~p xbasj`nc el`c pa cevatc~ lo` ~ctl~` go`gyg`slj ta~mc~x ia~ `ceaoxp~lpgod ijcrgngjgpw lo`gooaylpgao go l``~cxxgod pbc occ`x ai pbc ilegjgcx ao pbcg~ hlxcjal`/

c/ Xpl ii @gyc~xgpw; Dgyco pbc ilhp pblp pbc ayc~tbcjegod elka~gpw ai hbgj ~co loìlegjgcx xc~yghc` nw @HIX l~c Li~ghlo Lec~ghlox* elow yaghc` pbcg~ haohc~o pblp ea~cLi~ghlo Lec~ghlox nc bg~c` go vajghw `chgxgao%elmgod vaxgpgaox/ V~ad~cxx blx ncco el`c gopbc goh~clxc ai Li~ghlo Lec~ghlox go eg``jc eloldcecop vaxgpgaox* cxvchgljjw go Haam

>6


25/61


Hasopw/ Batcyc~ pbc~c gx l d~clp occ` pa v~aeapc vcavjc ai haja~ go pbaxc ~cdgaox aspxg`c aiHaam Hasopw/ L``gpgaoljjw pbc~c occ`x pa nc ig~e ciia~px pa ~ch~sgp Li~ghlo Lec~ghlo xplii gopbcàtoxplpc ~cdgaox/ Gp tlx ljxa ecopgaoc` nw @HIX xplii pblp pbc~c gx `gxvl~gpw go ec~gpv~aeapgaox lx 4 ai 2 xshb v~aeapgaox gxxsc` go igxhlj wcl~ >66> tc~c ia~ Hlshlxglox/ Pbc~ctlx aoc xshb v~aeapgao ia~ lo Li~ghlo Lec~ghlo lo` oaoc ia~ Bgxvloghx/

9/ Plmgod Gooaylpgaox Pa Xhljc

Ayc~ pbc vlxp igyc wcl~x* pbc @cvl~pecop blx gevjcecopc` l yl~gcpw ai gooaylpgaox lo` v~lhpghc~cia~ex/ Xaec ai pbcxc ciia~px l~c n~al` lo` il~%~clhbgod xshb lx pbc `cycjavecop ai Ncxp V~lhpghcxplo`l~`x lo` pbc ha~~cxvao`god `cycjavecop ai eloldcecop goia~elpgao xwxpcex pa p~lhm pbcgevjcecoplpgao ai pbcxc v~lhpghcx/ Apbc~x ~cv~cxcop ea~c iahsxc` lppcevpx pa gev~ayc l ol~~atlxvchp ai v~lhpghc xshb lx xsvva~pgod Hbgj`~cox L`yahlhw Hcopc~x go elow l~clx ai pbc xplpc pa lxxcxxvapcopglj hbgj` xcrslj lnsxc yghpgex/ Xpgjj apbc~x* xshb lx cxplnjgxbgod Jahlj L~cl Ocpta~mx "JLOx'*iahsx ao crvlo`god xc~yghc hlvlhgpw lo` v~aeapgod d~clpc~ gopc~%ldcohw hajjlna~lpgao/ Go ~cijchpgodao pbcxc lo` apbc~ gogpglpgycx* elow ai pbaxc haoplhpgod pbc Plxm Ia~hc crv~cxxc` haohc~o pblp ict ai

pbcxc gooaylpgaox l~c `cxgdoc` lo` gevjcecopc` tgpb pbc hl~c ochcxxl~w pa goxs~c pbcg~ isjj lo`ciichpgyc gopcd~lpgao gopa pbc hbgj` tcjil~c xc~yghc xwxpce/ Go xaec hlxcx* pbgx jlhm ai lppcopgao gx~cijchpc` go pbc ilhp pblp gooaylpgaox l~c plmco pa xhljc tgpbasp l hl~cisj ~cygct ai pbc gogpgljgevjcecoplpgao v~ahcxx/ Lx l ~cxsjp* v~ad~lex elw nc crvchpc` pa v~a`shc d~clpc~ xlygodx a~ciighgcohgcx a~ nc ciichpgyc tgpb l n~al`c~ vavsjlpgao pblo gx ~clxaolnjc dgyco pbc ~cia~ex cl~jw p~lhm~cha~`/ Go apbc~ goxplohcx* pbc @cvl~pecop àcx ~cvjghlpc lo gooaylpgyc oct v~ad~le nsp ilgjx pav~ayg c xsiighgcop iso`god a~ l egogxp~lpgyc xsvva~p ia~ gp pa ~cljjw xshhcc`/

4/ Ta~mgod tgpb Jahlj Ldcohgcx

Pa isjjw l``~cxx pbc occ`x ai @HIX tl~`x* ljj haeesogpw ~cxas~hcx esxp nc spgjg{c`/ C`shlpgaogx lo crlevjc ai pbc occ` ia~ @HIX pa ta~m padcpbc~ tgpb apbc~ ldcohgcx/ Xhbaaj vjlwx l hcop~lj~ajc go l hbgj`x jgic lo` lhl`cegh xshhcxx vjlwx l hcop~lj ~ajc go l hbgj x xcji cxpcce/ Pbcxhbaaj elw yc~w tcjj nc pbc aoc xplnjc cjcecop go l tl~`x jgic/ V~ad~lex l~c occ`c` pa mccvhbgj`~co go xhbaaj* lo` pa coxs~c pblp pbcw v~axvc~ go pblp haopcrp* d~l`slpc* lo` xshhcxxisjjwp~loxgpgao pa l`sjpbaa`/ Vl~p ai pbc xajspgao elw nc pa goh~clxc pbc i~c|scohw ai xhbaaj ygxgpx nw@HIX xplii lo` blyc @HIX xplii plmc l ea~c lhpgyc ~ajc go ~cygctgod pbcg~ tl~`x xhbajlxpghv~ad~cxx/ Loapbc~ xajspgao tasj` nc pa coxs~c yahlpgaolj avva~psogpgcx l~c lylgjlnjc/

Elow @HIX tl~`x blyc ceapgaolj a~ jcl~ogod `gxlngjgpgcx pblp gevlhp svao pbcg~ lngjgpw pa jcl~o/L xps`w ai @HIX tl~`x go Haam Hasopw go`ghlpc` 38 # ai pbcxc hbgj`~co tc~c xp~sddjgod goxhbaaj/ Pclhbc~x ljxa ~cva~pc` pblp aojw 3< # ai pbcxc hbgj`~co tc~c isohpgaogod lp d~l`c jcycj*tgpb 88 vc~hcop ai pbcxc hbgj`~co isohpgaogod pta d~l`c jcycjx ncbgo` "Kcostgoc lo` Jwaox*>668'/ Clhb hbgj` gx copgpjc` pa l i~cc lo` lvv~av~glpc c`shlpgao/ Pbc~c gx jgppjc ltl~cocxx nw@HIX* pbc VAX ldcohgcx* a~ iaxpc~ vl~copx ao bat pa xccm pcxpgod ia~ vjlhcecop go xvchgljc`shlpgao v~ad~leegod* G@CL* h~gpc~gl ia~ xvchglj c`shlpgao xc~yghcx* Go`gyg`slj C`shlpgaoVjlox "G/C/V'* Crpco`c` Xhbaaj Wcl~ xc~yghcx* lo` tblp xc~yghcx hlo nc v~ayg`c` nw pbc jahljxhbaaj xwxpce/ Lp pbc v~cxcop pgec jgppjc gx àoc nw @HIX pa xchs~c pbcxc xc~yghcx ia~ pbcg~ tl~`xlo` gopcd~lpc pbcxc xc~yghcx gopa pbc tl~`x paplj p~clpecop vjlo/

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26/61


GY/ ^CHAEECO@LPGAOX

Pbc haevjcrgpw ai pbc hbgj` tcjil~c xwxpce gx coa~easx/ Xgohc xa elow xwxpce daljx l~c lph~axx%vs~vaxcx* low dgyco hblodc go vajghw a~ v~ahc`s~c hasj` blyc ocdlpgyc a~ sogopco`c`gevlhpx ao loapbc~ vl~p ai pbc xwxpce/ Xaec crlevjcx ai pbcxc haop~l`ghpgaox gohjs`c;

Pbc xwxpce xccmx pa vjlhc clhb hbgj` go l iaxpc~ hl~c xcppgod pblp eccpx pbc bgdbcxpxplo`l~`x ai hl~c "vbwxghlj |sljgpw ai pbc baec* lo` pbc iaxpc~ vl~cop$x ceapgaolj hlvlhgpwlo` xmgjjx' tbgjc lp pbc xlec pgec dgygod v~ga~gpw pa vjlhgod pbc hbgj` tgpb mgo/

@HIX esxp coxs~c pblp ha~~chp vjlhcecopx l~c el`c go pbc ig~xp goxplohc* nsp ljxa plmc pbcpgec pa `a hl~cisj lo` haev~cbcoxgyc lxxcxxecopx/

@HIX xccmx pa `cycjav vc~elocohw vjlox |sghmjw "tgpbgo xgr eaopbx' tbgjc lp pbc xlecpgec elmgod cyc~w ciia~p pa ~csogiw ilegjgcx/

Pbc dalj gx pa mccv hbgj`~co tgpb pbcg~ ng~pb vl~copx nsp pa goxs~c pblp hbgj`~co l~c jgygodgo xlic lo` xchs~c coyg~aoecopx/

@HIX esxp goycxpgdlpc pba~asdbjw ljj ~cva~px pa pbc Bapjgoc tbgjc lp pbc xlec pgec gp p~gcx

pa lyag` goycxpgdlpgod ilegjgcx pblp l~c oap goyajyc` go lnsxc Pbc dalj gx pa goxs~c hbgj` xlicpw tbgjc ljxa coxs~god pbc ~gdbpx ai iaxpc~ vl~copx pa l ilg~

bcl~god ai low hbl~dcx ai egxhao`shp/ @HIX p~gcx pa cxplnjgxb sogia~e lo` xplpctg`c cyg`cohc nlxc` v~lhpghc xplo`l~`x* nsp lp

pbc xlec pgec ljjat ia~ geva~plop jahlj yl~glpgao lo` ijcrgngjgpw go hjgoghlj `chgxgao%elmgod/

@HIX esxp ljjat jgoc jcycj lo` eg`%jcycj xplii pa elmc |sghm lo` ha~~chp `chgxgaox nsplp pbc xlec pgec pbc hblgo ai haeelo` esxp nc v~cxc~yc` lo` pbc @g~chpa~ esxp nclhhasoplnjc ia~ vc~ia~elohc ai pbc copg~c ldcohw/

Pbc Plxm Ia~hc pbsx aiic~x ~chaeeco`lpgaox go Xchpgao GY go isjj ~chadogpgao ai pbcxc

haevjcrgpgcx lo` pbc `giighsjpw @HIX ilhcx go xc~ygod Gjjgoagx hbgj`~co lo` ilegjgcx/

Pbc Hblodgod Ilhc ai pbc @HIX Xc~yghc Vavsjlpgao

Pbc eaxp xgdogighlop hbljjcodc ilhgod @HIX gx pbc hblodc go gpx hbgj`~co lo` waspb vavsjlpgao/Lx oapc` lnayc* @HIX blx xshhcc`c` go ~c`shgod pbc osenc~ ai hbgj`~co go xsnxpgpspc hl~c/I~ae l hlxcjal` bgdb ai ayc~ 36*666 go 668/ Lx pbc Gjjgoagx xwxpce blx xshhcc`c` go eaygod ayc~ 06*666 iaxpc~ hbgj`~co gopavc~elocop baecx tgpb l`avpgyc vl~copx lo` ~cjlpgyc dsl~`glox* pbaxc ~celgogod go xplpc hsxpa`whaev~gxc lo goh~clxgodjw aj`c~ vavsjlpgao ai iaxpc~ waspb tgpb xvchglj `cycjavecoplj*c`shlpgaolj* lo` ecoplj bcljpb occ`x/ Pbc hbgj`~co lo` waspb pblp ~celgo go xsnxpgpspc hl~c l~c

aj`c~* blyc crvc~gcohc` ea~c iaxpc~ baec vjlhcecopx* lo` `ceaoxp~lpc xgdogighlopjw ea~cecoplj* vbwxghlj* lo` ncblyga~lj v~anjcex/ Pbc `gxhsxxgao pblp iajjatx gx gopco`c` pa cxplnjgxb lhjcl~ so`c~xplo`god ai pbc hbgj`~co hs~~copjw go pbc hl~c ai @HIX/

Pbcg~ @HIX xc~yghc crvc~gcohcx

@s~lpgao ai hl~c/ Hbgj`~co blyc ncco go hl~c ia~ xjgdbpjw ayc~ 0 wcl~x "33 eaopbx'/ Pbcec`glo `s~lpgao gx 8


27/61


`s~lpgao ia~ Li~ghlo%Lec~ghlo hbgj`~co gx 07 eaopbx* 88 eaopbx ia~ Bgxvlogh hbgj`~co lo` 89eaopbx ia~ tbgpc hbgj`~co/

Lx aoc egdbp crvchp* hbgj`~co tba copc~c` lp wasodc~ ldcx "


28/61


eljcx'/ Pbc~c tlx haoxg`c~lnjc yl~glpgao go pbc jcodpb ai pgec xvcop go pbc hs~~cop goxpgpspgaoljvjlhcecop nw ldc lp cop~w pa iaxpc~ hl~c/ Hbgj`~co hs~~copjw vjlhc` go goxpgpspgaox tba copc~c`iaxpc~ hl~c ncptcco pbc ldcx ai > lo` 0 bl` pbc jaodcxp goxpgpspgaolj jcodpbx ai xplw lplvv~argelpcjw 6 vc~hcop tc~c goilopx

v~cxselnjw copc~god @HIX hl~c lx l ~cxsjp ai xsnxplohc crvaxs~c/ Ljj hbgj`~co xplwc` go pbcxc

ilhgjgpgcx ia~ xba~p leasopx ai pgec/ Pbc eclo osenc~ ai eaopbx go pbgx vjlhcecop xcppgod tlx

vc~hcop ai hbgj`~co go hl~c l~c hs~~copjw go`ghlpc` lx

blygod ~so ltlw* ocl~jw / Ai hbgj`~co tba bl` ~so ltlw lx ai !866>* pbc jl~dcxp vc~hcopldc* >4vc~hcop* ~lo i~ae v~gylpc goxpgpspgaox/ Ogocpcco vc~hcop bl` ~so i~ae ~cjlpgycx baecx/

Pbcg~ c`shlpgaolj tcjj%ncgod

Xhbaaj Eangjgpw/ Xps`copx l~c crp~cecjw eangjc `s~god pbc wcl~ pbcw copc~ hl~c/ Ao lyc~ldc*l~aso` 09 vc~hcop hblodc xhbaajx `s~god pbc xhbaaj wcl~ lo` ea~c pblo 0


29/61


Pbcg~ vbwxghlj tcjj%ncgod

Ai hbgj`~co xc~yc` go iaxpc~ hl~c `s~god IW 0 vc~hcop ai hbgj`~co go iaxpc~hl~c ygxgpc` pbc cec~dcohw ~aae tbgjc 8/8 vc~hcop bl` l vxwhbglp~gh baxvgpljg{lpgao lo`


30/61


Lec~ghlo basxcbaj`x jgyc` ncjat vayc~pw haevl~c` pa >/2# ai Bgxvloghx/ Bgxvloghx* batcyc~*aojw haevaxc 9/2 vc~hcop ai hbgj`~co plmco gopa hl~c ia~ pbc ig~xp pgec lo` 3/3 vc~hcop ai hbgj`~cogo xsnxpgpspc hl~c go >66>/ Gi l `g~chp jgom crgxpx ncptcco gohaec lo` eljp~clpecop* Bgxvloghxxbasj` elmc%sv l eshb bgdbc~ vc~hcopldc ai hbgj` tcjil~c vavsjlpgao/

Apbc~ xplii xsddcxpc` pbc ayc~~cv~cxcoplpgao ai Li~ghlo Lec~ghlox gx pbc ~cxsjp ai ilegjwxp~shps~c/ Pbgx l~dsecop gevjgcx pblp nchlsxc ea~c Hlshlxglo lo` Bgxvlogh hbgj`~co jgyc go pta%vl~cop%bcl`c` basxcbaj`x* pbcw l~c jcxx jgmcjw pa nc lnsxc` a~ ocdjchpc`/ @lpl i~ae pbc OlpgaoljGohg`cohc Xps`gcx "OGX' hao`shpc` nw pbc S/X/ @cvl~pecop ai Bcljpb lo` Bselo Xc~yghcxhaop~l`ghpx pbgx jgoc ai ~clxaogod/ @lpl i~ae pbcxc xps`gcx go`ghlpc pblp pbc

gohg`cohc ~lpcx go pta%vl~cop* eapbc~%aojw* lo` ilpbc~%aojw ilegjgcx gx pbcxlec tbco aoc haop~ajx ia~ gohaec "Xc`jlm*


31/61


patl~` so`c~xplo`god lo` cjgegolpgod nglx pblp v~a`shc pbc ayc~~cv~cxcoplpgao ai Li~ghloLec~ghlo hbgj`~co/

Pbc~c gx ljxa pbc gev~cxxgao pblp `lpl hajjchpc` l~c oap loljw{c` go l tlw pblp tasj` bcjvg`copgiw v~anjcex* xshb lx pbc ayc~%~cv~cxcoplpgao ai Li~ghlo Lec~ghlo hbgj`~co copc~god pbc

xwxpce go Njaaegodpao/ Oa aoc blx loljw{c` pbc eaycecop ai Li~ghlo%Lec~ghlo hbgj`~co gopapbc xwxpce a~ bat il~ lo` bat `ccv pbcw v~ad~cxx pb~asdb pbc xwxpce/

^chaeeco`lpgaox;

/ @HIX xbasj` cxplnjgxb oct v~apahajx lo` v~ahc`s~cx ia~ àhsecopgod `giic~cohcx go pbchjgoghlj crvc~gcohcx ai Li~ghlo Lec~ghlox* tbghb liichp pbc lvv~av~glpcocxx ai xc~yghcx~chcgyc` lo` pbc jgmcjgbaa` ai l waspb lo` pbcg~ ilegjgcx ncgod lnjc pa xshhcxxisjjw crgppbc xwxpce/ Pbc àhsecoplpgao ciia~px xbasj` nc hao`shpc` go l ~cxcl~hb%nlxc` lvv~alhb"g/c/* aoc pblp spgjg{cx pbc tcljpb ai `lpl pblp gx lylgjlnjc ao waspb go pbc hbgj` tcjil~cxwxpce' lo` nc hao`shpc` nw lo copgpw tbghb blx crvc~gcohc* lvv~av~glpc ~cv~cxcoplpgaolo` ~cvsplpgao tgpbgo pbc Li~ghlo Lec~ghlo haeesogpw/ Ljj ecoplj lo` vbwxghlj bcljpb*c`shlpgaolj* lo` xahglj xc~yghcx xbasj` nc ahsecopc` lo` loljw{c`/ Pbc oct v~apahajxlo` v~ahc`s~cx xbasj` lvvjw pa napb vsnjgh lo` v~gylpc hlxc eloldcecop xplii/

8/ Dgyco pbc elow `chgxgao vagopx go pbc xwxpce "c/d/* vagopx lp tbghb `chgxgaox l~c el`cpa mccv waspb go pbc xwxpce yx/ ljjatgod waspb pa crgp pbc xwxpce* vagopx lp tbghb`chgxgaox l~c el`c ao xvchgigh vjlhcecopx ai waspb'* @HIX xbasj` ljxa àhsecop lo`loljw{c pbc tlwx go tbghb waspb hlo ijat pb~asdb pbc xwxpce* vlwgod vl~pghsjl~ lppcopgaopa pbc v~ahcxx pb~asdb tbghb l waspb lo`!a~ l ilegjw hlo xshhcxxisjjw crgp pbc xwxpce/Pa à pbgx tcjj* @HIX esxp hajjchp xahgljjw ~cjcylop lo` xplo`l~`g{c` ~lhc!cpboghgpwgoia~elpgao ao ljj waspb go pbc xwxpce lp esjpgvjc xpldcx ai pbc @HIX v~ahcxx/ Pbcxc`lpl xbasj` pbco nc sxc` pa `cpc~egoc tbc~c go pbc @HIX v~ahcxx ayc~%~cv~cxcoplpgao gxpbc eaxp xc~gasx* lo` pbc~cia~c pbc vagop!xpldcx ai pbc xwxpce tbc~c pbc d~clpcxp gevlhpao ~c`shgod egoa~gpw ayc~%~cv~cxcoplpgao egdbp nc lhbgcyc`/ Pbc T/ Blwtaa` Ns~oxGoxpgpspc Ea`cj blx cevjawc` l xgegjl~ xp~lpcdw pa bcjv haeesogpgcx ~cec`w pbc ayc~%~cv~cxcoplpgao ai egoa~gpw waspb/ Pbgx gogpglpgyc gx ncgod gevjcecopc` go xcyc~lj vl~px aipbc hasop~w= pbc Xclppjc gogpglpgyc gx lj~cl`w ncdgoogod pa xbat xaec ~c`shpgao ai pbcayc~%~cv~cxcoplpgao/

0/ Dgyco pbc `chjgogod ~lpc lp tbghb mgoxbgv hl~c jcl x pa làvpgao ai Li~ghlo Lec~ghlohbgj`~co* @HIX xbasj` ~c%crlegoc pbc gohcopgyc xp~shps~c pblp ilya~x làvpgao ayc~~csogighlpgao go vc~ia~elohc haop~lhpgod/ Hs~~copjw* pbc gohcopgyc xp~shps~c vlwx lo c|slj

>4


32/61


naosx pa v~gylpc ldcohgcx ia~ làvpgao a~ ~csogighlpgao/ Pbc @cvl~pecop* batcyc~* àcxoap iso` elow ai xahglj xc~yghc lo` ecoplj bcljpb p~clpecop xc~yghcx occ`c` nwngajadghlj vl~copx pa lhbgcyc ~csogighlpgao/ Lx l ~cxsjp* eaxp v~gylpc ldcohgcx igo` gp ea~chaxp ciichpgyc pa vs~xsc pbc pc~egolpgao ai vl~coplj ~gdbpx lo` ldd~cxxgyc v~aeapgao ailàvpgao/ Pbgx ~lpgaolj "lo` xcji%gopc~cxpc`' ncblyga~ ai v~gylpc ldcohgcx elw cjgegolpc l

jcdgpgelpc vlpb asp ai pbc hbgj` tcjil~c xwxpce ia~ Li~ghlo Lec~ghlo hbgj`~co/ @HIXesxp `cycjav vajghgcx lo` v~ahc`s~cx pblp ~ceayc pbgx vc~yc~xc gohcopgyc xp~shps~c ia~v~gylpc ldcohgcx* tbgjc ljxa isjigjjgod gpx anjgdlpgaox so`c~ LXIL/

3/ @HIX xbasj` crlegoc pbc ~ajc ai elo`lpc` ~cva~pgod tgpb baxvgplj xcppgodx/ Go >66>*80/># ai Li~ghlo Lec~ghlo hbgj`~co copc~god pbc xwxpcex tc~c so`c~ pbc ldc ai aoc*tbgjc >>/3# ai Hlshlxglo hbgj`~co tc~c go pbgx ldc d~asv/ Lochàplj cyg`cohc xsddcxpxpblp pbgx gx pbc ~cxsjp ai vsnjgh baxvgpljx `~sd pcxpgod taeco tbae `cjgyc~ hbgj`~cotgpbasp v~colplj hl~c/ Gi p~sc* pbc v~lhpghc tasj` haop~l`ghp ~chcop @HIX vajghgcxgopco`c` pa `cijchp goilop crvaxc` hbgj`~co lo` pbcg~ ilegjgcx pa ea~c lvv~av~glpcp~clpecop v~ad~lex/ @cpc~egogod pbc nlxgx svao tbghb hbgj`~co so`c~ aoc copc~ pbc

xwxpce elw nc h~gpghlj pa coxs~c haoxgxpcop lo` c|sgplnjc p~clpecop ai Li~ghlo Lec~ghloxtgpbgo hbgj` tcjil~c xwxpce/

>/ L@AVPGAOX

Go >66< pbc Gjjgoagx @cvl~pecop ai Hbgj` lo` Ilegjw Xc~yghcx tlx ~chadog{c` ia~ p~gvjgodlàvpgaox tgpbgo ksxp pta wcl~x* cl~ogod l olpgaolj Làvpgao >66> Ltl~` lo` 9/7 egjjgao golàvpgao naosx d~lopx/ L ~cygct ai lègogxp~lpgyc `lpl go`ghlpcx pblp pbgx làvpgao naae tlxlhbgcyc` ljeaxp crhjsxgycjw pb~asdb pbc haoyc~xgao ai crgxpgod iaxpc~ lo` mgoxbgv vjlhcecopxgopa l haengolpgao ai napb xsnxg`g{c` dsl~`gloxbgvx lo` làvpgyc baecx/ Eaxp ~chcop cxpgelpcxxsddcxp xplpc%xsvva~pc` làvpgao lo` dsl~`gloxbgvx tgjj haopgosc pa asposenc~ pbc xsnxpgpspchl~c vavsjlpgao/ Lo cxpgelpc` 0


33/61


lo` l``~cxxgod pbc yl~glohcx lo` `gxvl~gpgcx go v~lhpghc pblp l~c liichpgod pbc jaodgps`goljasphaecx ai hbgj`~co go xplpc%xsvva~pc` hl~c/ Gp ljxa xsddcxpx pblp hs~~cop xplpgxpghx l~c solnjc pava~p~lw l haevjcpc vghps~c ai tblp gx ahhs~~god tgpbgo pbc xwxpce ~cdl~`god pbc lhpslj jcycjx aigoxplngjgpw ia~ làvpgao lo` dsl~`gloxbgv hlxcx/ Pbc~cia~c* ~chcop ~cva~px nw pbc @cvl~pecop pblpgpx `gxvjlhcecop ~lpc ia~ làvpgao gx jcxx pblo 3# hlooap nc lhhcvpc` lp ilhc yljsc lo` eaxp

jgmcjw so`c~cxpgelpc pbc xc~gasxocxx ai pbc vaxp%làvpgao v~anjcex go Gjjgoagx/

L ~cygct ai crgxpgod xc~yghcx lo` ~c|scxpx i~ae ilegjgcx go Gjjgoagx go`ghlpc pblp eaxpvl~copx!dsl~`glox tba xccm vaxp%làvpgao xc~yghcx l~c vl~copgod pccoldc~x= elow ai pbcxc pccoxl~c vjlhc` tgpb oao%~cjlpgyc làvpgyc vl~copx a~ dsl~`glox/ Pbcw l~c ljxa `cxh~gnc` lx vl~copxtba xp~sddjc pa l`ksxp pbcg~ crvchplpgaox lo` vl~copgod xmgjjx pa ncppc~ elphb pbc hbgj`x hs~~copncblyga~* jcycj ai lpplhbecop* a~ lhl`cegh lhbgcycecop/ Ilegjgcx tc~c aipco ~cva~pc` lx iccjgodsov~cvl~c` a~ ayc~tbcjec` nw pbc socrvchpc` xcyc~gpw ai v~anjcex pbcw tc~c crvc~gcohgod gopbc pcco wcl~x/ Tbco lxmc` lnasp pbc ldcohwx ~sjc ai isjj `gxhjaxs~c* lo` pbc ~gdbp ai làvpgycvl~copx lo` dsl~`glox pa anplgo isjj lo` haevjcpc nlhmd~aso` goia~elpgao* gp tlx ncjgcyc` pblppbc ia~ex i~ae pbc Eg`tcxp Làvpgao Hcopc~ "ELH' xvchgighljjw gopco`c` ia~ sxc nw làvpgao

ta~mc~x go hajjchpgod ea~c xplo`l~`g{c` ilegjw lo` ec`ghlj nlhmd~aso` ia~ làvpccx bl` ocyc~ncco elo`lpc` lx aiighglj @HIX vajghw/ Haoxc|scopjw* gi spgjg{god ELHx ia~ex l~c jcip pata~mc~ `gxh~cpgao* làvpc~x lo` dsl~`glox l~c jcip tgpb `giic~copglj leasopx ai vapcopgljjw h~gpghljnlhmd~aso` goia~elpgao/ Gp gx oap xs~v~gxgod* pbc~cia~c* pblp oao%ngajadghljjw ~cjlpc` hl~cdgyc~xl~c napb `gxv~ava~pgaolpcjw leaod pbaxc tba iccj somoatjc`dclnjc lnasp pbcg~ hbgj`x ilegjgljbgxpa~w lo` lp l xplpgxpghljjw d~clpc~ ~gxm ai crvc~gcohgod `gxvjlhcecop/

L``gpgaolj gxxscx oapc` tgpbgo pbc vaxp%làvpgao lo` làvpgao v~cxc~ylpgao xc~yghc v~ahcxxgohjs`c`; jlhm ai v~aicxxgaolj crvc~pgxc go làvpgao%~cjlpc` gxxscx leaod haop~lhpc` pbc~lvgxpx*jlhm ai p~lgogod ia~ ta~mc~x go v~c lo` vaxp%vjlhcecop làvpgao gxxscx* oa haopgosse ai hl~c pal``~cxx `cycjavecoplj gxxscx xvchgigh pa làjcxhcohc* jlhm ai ijcrgngjgpw go haoxp~shpgodgo`gyg`sljg{c` vaxp%vc~elocohw xsvva~px "c/d/* oao%ec`ghljjw ~cjlpc` ~cxvgpc hl~c* a~ t~lvl~aso` iso`x'* xc~gasx jlhm ai xmgjjc` vaxp%làvpgao xc~yghcx àtoxplpc* lo` l dcoc~lj jlhm aieaogpa~god pbc ciichpgycocxx* |sljgpw* lo` haa~`golpgao ai xc~yghcx v~ayg`c` lh~axx pbc nal~`/ Goxse* pbc xp~shps~c ai vaxp làvpgao xc~yghcx xplpc%tg`c lo` crgxpgod làvpgao v~cxc~ylpgaogopc~ycopgaox hs~~copjw aiic~c` pb~asdb vs~hblxc ai xc~yghc "VAX' v~ayg`c~x lvvcl~x pa ncso`c~xpliic` go h~gpghlj l~clx* jl~dcjw soeaogpa~c` ia~ |sljgpw a~ ciichpgycocxx* lo` àcx oapljjat ia~ occ`c` ijcrgngjgpw leaod pbc crgxpgod xplii pa `cycjav haev~cbcoxgyc vaxp%vc~elocopvjlox pblp l``~cxxcx pbc geegocop nsp `giic~copglj occ`x ai dsl~`glox* làvpgyc vl~copx* lo`waspb go yl~gasx vjlhcecop l~~lodcecopx/

L``~cxxgod pbcxc gxxscx xbasj` oap ~c|sg~c pbc `cycjavecop ai lo copg~cjw oct xwxpce* nsp ~lpbc~l ea~c ciichpgyc a~hbcxp~lpgao ai hs~~cop xc~yghcx lo` cyljslpgao ai pbcg~ ciichpgycocxx/ Aojw gopl~dcpc` l~clx "c/d/* p~lgogod* xplii bg~god'* gx pbc~c l occ` ia~ l``gpgaolj ~cxas~hcx/ ^cxp~shps~godcrgxpgod vaxp%vjlhcecop xc~yghcx gopa l ea~c habc~cop lo` haev~cbcoxgyc haopgosse ai hl~c ia~làvpgyc ilegjgcx lo` dsl~`glox oap aojw liig~ex pbc crgxpgod haeegpecop ai @HIX pa v~aeapchbgj` tcjj%ncgod* nsp gx go jgoc tgpb ~chcop ciia~px pa gev~ayc vaxp%làvpgao v~lhpghcx olpgao%tg`c/

>7


34/61


Go ilhp* @HIX tasj` nc tcjj%xc~yc` pa haoxg`c~ kagogod pbc gooaylpgyc ciia~px lj~cl`w ahhs~~godgo apbc~ xplpcx pblp aiic~ lo l~~lw ai vaxp%làvpgao xc~yghcx* elow ai tbghb l~c xgegjl~ pa pbaxclj~cl`w crgxpgod go Gjjgoagx* nsp ljxa gohjs`cx l`yahlhw* aodagod ta~mxbavx* ilhgjgplpc` xsvva~pd~asvx* `g~chp hjgoghlj go%baec hlxc eloldcecop* lo` p~lgogod ao làvpgao gxxscx pa ecopljbcljpb v~aicxxgaoljx lo` xc~yghc v~ayg`c~x go pbc làvpgao!dsl~`gloxbgv haeesogpw/ Eaygod

patl~`x l jaod%pc~e vjlo ia~ ~cxp~shps~god* batcyc~* tasj` gogpgljjw ~cxp svao pbc lngjgpw ai@HIX pa lhhs~lpcjw `cpc~egoc pbc xhavc lo` xplpgxpghlj xgdogighlohc ai low sog|sc vavsjlpgao%xvchgigh v~anjcex go vc~elocohw/

^chaeeco`lpgaox;

/ Crvlo` pbc lylgjlngjgpw lo` ~lodc ai xc~yghcx pa ilegjgcx lp ~gxm ai `gx~svpgaox/Xplpgxpghljjw aojw l xeljj osenc~ ai làvpgaox tgjj `gx~svp* nsp esjpgvjgc` nw pbc jl~dcosenc~ ai làvpgaox tc blyc haevjcpc` go Gjjgoagx* pbc ldd~cdlpc osenc~ ai ilegjgcx lp~gxm ai `gx~svpgao tgjj aojw haopgosc pa d~at/ Cxplnjgxbgod l iso`god echblogxe lo`xplii pa v~ayg`c lvv~av~glpc gopc~ycopgao xc~yghcx tgjj nc jcxx crvcoxgyc pblo n~godgodhbgj`~co nlhm gopa hl~c lo` lppcevpgod pa ~c%làvp pbce/ Dgyco pbc ~cxas~hc `gxvl~gpgcxlh~axx pbc xplpc* low crvloxgao ai xc~yghcx xbasj` haevcoxlpc ia~ pbcxc `giic~cohcx*vl~pghsjl~jw ia~ pbaxc go ea~c ~s~lj xaspbc~o ~cdgaox ai pbc xplpc/

8/ Elmc pbc sxc ai ELH ia~ex ia~ nlhmd~aso` goia~elpgao aiighglj @HIX vajghw pa coxs~cisjj `gxhjaxs~c%%%p~lgo xahglj ta~mc~x goyajyc` go v~c%vjlhcecop v~ahcxxcx pa hajjchp pbgx`cplgjc` goia~elpgao lo` iajjat l xplo`l~` isjj%`gxhjaxs~c v~ahcxx tgpb làvpgyc ilegjgcxlo` dsl~`glox/ Vl~pghsjl~ lppcopgao xbasj` nc vlg` pa low v~c%crgxpgod hao`gpgaox a~ apbc~`cycjavecoplj hblodcx pblp elogicxp go làjcxhcohc/

0/ Go crvja~god pbc sxc ai l ea~c gopcd~lpc` haopgosse ai hl~c ea`cj* @HIX xbasjhaoxg`c~ ~ca~dlog{god lo` crpco`god crgxpgod xsvva~px/ Go hlxcx tbc~c hbgj`~co l~cvjlhc` tgpb aj`c~ vl~copx!dsl~`glox* @HIX xbasj` crpco` pa pbce pbc crgxpgod xplo` nwv~aygxgao a~gdgoljjw ~c|sg~c` ia~ sxc tgpb pc~egoljjw gjj dsl~`glox lo` làvpgyc vl~copx/@HIX hasj` pbco blyc ao igjc l jcdlj àhsecop go`ghlpgod pbgx haeegpecop ai l pbg~`vl~pw tgpbgo pbc xplo`nw ld~ccecop pa coxs~c l xeaapbc~ p~loxgpgao* lo` v~cycop lhaevjcpc `gx~svpgao a~ `gxxajspgao go pbc cycop pblp lo làvpgyc vl~cop a~ dsl~`glo `gcx/

3/ Ia~ ilegjgcx ~chcgygod làvpgao lxxgxplohc* looslj eccpgodx tgpb iajjat%sv ta~mc~xxbasj` nc ~c|sg~c` pa coxs~c pblp pbc hbgj`x occ`x l~c ncgod ecp lo` pa `cpc~egoc gi pbclàvpgyc vl~cop gx blygod low `giighsjpw/ Làvpgao lxxgxplohc ld~ccecopx v~ayg`c ia~aodagod eaopbjw vlwecopx lo` ec`ghlj lxxgxplohc/ Pbc nlxgx ia~ pbcxc ld~ccecopx gx pacohas~ldc làvpgao ia~ hbgj`~co tgpb xvchglj occ`x* xa coxs~c pblp pbc làvpgyc ilegjw

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tgjj oap gohs~ ayc~jw ns~`coxaec crvcoxcx/ Eaogpa~god lo` xsvva~pgod làvpgyc ilegjgcxao l ~cdsjl~ nlxgx tasj` ljjat @HIX pa hlphb pcosasx hlxcx ncia~c pbcw `gx~svp/

9/ @HIX xbasj` cxplnjgxb l xcp ai h~gpc~gl ia~ pbc jcycj ai làvpgao lxxgxplohc lo` jcycj aihl~c vlwecopx/ Sopgj ~chcopjw* pbc leasop ai làvpgao lxxgxplohc @HIX vlg tlx

`cpc~egoc` ao pbc nlxgx ai pbc jcycj ai hl~c vlwecop ia~ iaxpc~ hl~c; tbcpbc~ pbc hbgj` icjjlp l p~l`gpgaolj* xvchgljg{c` a~ p~clpecop jcycj ~lpc/ Batcyc~* pbc `cpc~egolpgao ai pbcjcycj ai hl~c tlx oap nlxc` ao l ~sjc* nsp ao l vajghw dsg`c "Vajghw Dsg`c >66>/68*Icn~sl~w 66* ~cxcl~hbc~x iaso` >># ai waspb go xvchgljg{c` iaxpc~ hl~c ~lo ltlwvc~elocopjw i~ae pbcg~ vjlhcecop/ Dgyco pbc hblodgod hbl~lhpc~gxpghx ai pbc hbgj` tcjil~cvavsjlpgao* ~cxvao`god ciichpgycjw pa ~soltlwx tgjj nc lo cxxcopglj haevaocop ai coxs~god pbcbcljpb lo` xlicpw ai hbgj`~co go pbc hsxpa`w ai pbc Xplpc ai Gjjgoagx/

@s~god gpx ~cygct ai pbc @cvl~pecop* pbc Plxm Ia~hc jcl~oc` pblp so`c~ pbc vlxp xwxpce ai ~cha~`mccvgod "g/c/ v~ga~ pa Xcvpcenc~ ai >66>'* @HIX g`copgigc` egxxgod waspb pb~asdb l `lplnlxc aihbgj`~cox jgygod l~~lodcecopx/ Pgpjc 27* Vl~p 8>7 xcpx asp pbc v~ahc`s~cx ia~ Jahlpgod lo`^cps~ogod Egxxgod* ^soltlw* lo` Ln`shpc` Hbgj ~co/ Pbgx v~aygxgao "tbghb nchlec ciichpgycElw >4* 66>/

8


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Pbc Plxm Ia~hc xsnxc|scopjw jcl~oc` pblp @HIX bl` hblodc` v~ahc`s~cx ia~ g`copgiwgod egxxgodwaspb lo` aiighgljjw ~chadog{god lx egxxgod xaec ai pbcxc hlxcx/ @s~god Xcvpcenc~ lo` Ahpanc~>66>* pbc @HIX l`egogxp~lpgao goyajyc` ea~c pblo pbg~pw cevjawccx lo` haop~lhp ta~mc~x go pbcv~ahcxx ai ~cha`god pbc haevspc~ igjcx ai waspb tba tc~c lnxcop i~ae pbcg~ lxxgdoc` ~cxg cohcx/

Pbc oct hlpcda~gcx l~c; "


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àhsecopx ~chcgyc` nw pbc Plxm Ia~hc xsddcxp pbc @cvl~pecop xgdogighlopjw so`c~%~cva~px pbclhpslj osenc~ ai tl~`x pblp l~c egxxgod a~ solhhasopc` ia~/

Go l``gpgao* napb @HIX xplii lo` v~gylpc hbgj` tcjil~c ldcohw xplii l`ygxc` pbc Plxm Ia~hc pblppbc lègogxp~lpgao `g` oap iajjat a~ coia~hc haevjglohc tgpb gpx ato v~ahc`s~cx ~cdl~`god pbgx

v~anjce "c/d/ `g` oap coxs~c pblp ~cva~px pa jlt coia~hcecop tc~c el`c* `g` oap coxs~c pblp~cva~px pa pbc Olpgaolj Hcopc~ ia~ Egxxgod lo` Crvjagpc` Hbgj`~co tc~c el`c* `g` oap coxs~c pblphlxcta~mc~x el`c lhpslj ciia~px pa jahlpc pbc waspb'/ Go ilhp* ia~ l pgec* @HIX xvchgighljjw`g~chpc` pblp pbc~c oap nc ~cva~px pa jlt coia~hcecop a~ pbc Olpgaolj Hcopc~ ia~ xaec waspbegxxgod v~ga~ pa Icn~sl~w 668/

Lipc~ l osenc~ ai Plxm Ia~hc go|sg~gcx pa @HIX xplii lnasp egxxgod waspb* pbc @HIXlègogxp~lpgao `g` lxxgdo xaec hlxcta~mc~x go Haam Hcop~lj ^cdgao pa elmc go|sg~gcx lnaspegxxgod waspb go El~hb ai >668/

Gp tlx oap vaxxgnjc ia~ pbc Plxm Ia~hc pa `cpc~egoc pbc isjj crpcop pa tbghb pbc @cvl~pecop blx

ilgjc` pa lhhasop ia~ ljj hbgj`~co egxxgod i~ae pbc xwxpce a~ bat ldd~cxxgycjw pbc @cvl~pecopiajjatx gpx ato vajghgcx lo` v~ahc`s~cx ia~ jahlpgod egxxgod hbgj`~co/ Pbc Plxm Ia~hc ncjgcyc`pblp pbgx xgpslpgao ~c|sg~c` geec`glpc lppcopgao/

^chaeeco`lpgaox;

/ Ljpbasdb @HIX blx jgppjc `cead~lvbgh `lpl lnasp gpx egxxgod lo` ~soltlw waspb*~chcop xps`gcx nw apbc~x ao pbgx vavsjlpgao igo` pblp iceljcx l~c pgecxea~c jgmcjw pblo eljcx pa ~so ltlw i~ae vjlhcecopx lo`* go eaxp goxplohcx* ocyc~~cps~o/ Is~pbc~* pbcxc xps`gcx àhsecop pblp waspb ncptcco pbc ldcx ai


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ia~ egxxgod vcavjc/ P~lgogod gx lo cxxcopglj jaod%pc~e xp~lpcdw ia~ coxs~god~sooc~x ~cps~o pa vjlhcecop lx xaao lx vaxxgnjc/

0/ Crvc~gecop tgpb ljpc~olpgyc vjlhcecop avpgaox lipc~ ~soltlwx l~c jahlpc /^cxcl~hb lo` crvc~gcohc xsddcxp pblp l `gxv~ava~pgaolpc osenc~ ai tl~`x ~so

i~ae ~cxg`copglj p~clpecop ilhgjgpgcx a~ xvchgljg{c` iaxpc~ hl~c baec/ Hs~~copv~lhpghc lp @HIX* batcyc~* gx pa ~cps~o l tl~` pa pbc xlec ilhgjgpw a~ baec paegogeg{c pbc osenc~ ai vjlhcecopx crvc~gcohc nw pbc tl~`/ Ia~ pbc xsn%d~asv aivc~xgxpcop ~sooc~x* l jatc~ vjlhcecop ~lpc elw nc xchao`l~w pa igo`god lvjlhcecop pblp ncxp igpx pbce/

0/ GO@CVCO@COP JGYGOD LO@ PÂSNJC@ WASPB

Tbgjc @HIX blx goycxpc` haoxg`c~lnjc pgec lo` ~cxas~hcx ao asp%ai%baec hl~cv~ad~lex!xc~yghcx* gp blx `c`ghlpc` lo goxsiighgcop leasop ai ciia~p go p~asnjc` waspb crgpgod pbchbgj` tcjil~c xwxpce/ Pbc @cvl~pecopx go`cvco`cop%jgygod v~ad~le blx cyajyc` gopa pbc

vjlhcecop ai jlxp ~cxa~p ia~ p~asnjc` waspb/ ^chcopjw* l osenc~ ai gohg`copx blyc ahhs~~c` pblpxsddcxp pblp pbc @cvl~pecop blx ilgjc` pa l`c|slpcjw l``~cxx pbc xc~gasx hjgoghlj lo``cycjavecoplj v~anjcex ai waspb copc~god pbc go`cvco`cop%jgygod v~ad~le/

Lochàplj cyg`cohc xsddcxpx pblp @HIX blx làvpc` lo goia~elj vajghw ai vjlhgod p~asnjc`waspb go go`cvco`cop%jgygod v~ad~le tbco pbcw hlooap nc elgoplgoc` go xvchgljg{c` iaxpc~ hl~c*d~asv baecx* a~ ~cxg`copglj vjlhcecop/ @HIXx ato xplii gxhsxxc` hlxcx go tbghb p~asnjc`waspb tc~c oao%~cxvaoxgyc pa ea~c ~cxp~ghpgyc vjlhcecopx a~ sotgjjgod pa iajjat p~clpecop vjlox/Pbcw tc~c pbco vjlhc` go go`cvco`cop%jgygod v~ad~lex tgpbasp pbc lvv~av~glpc jcycj aieaogpa~god lo` t~lv%l~aso` xc~yghcx/ Pbgx sxc ai go`cvco`cop%jgygod v~ad~lex el~mc` l xbgipi~ae lhpgyc codldcecop go ~lgxgod p~asnjc` waspb pa l jlgxxc{ ilg~c xc~yghc lvv~alhb tgpbegogese crvchplpgaox/ Pbgx xbgip go vajghw elw nc `~gyco nw igolohglj haoxg`c~lpgaox/ Go aochlxc* pbc Plxm Ia~hc tlx paj` pblp vjlhcecop go go`cvco`cop jgygod ~c`shc` pbc `lgjw haxp nw46#* i~ae lvv~argelpcjw >2> pa 24 vc~ `lw/

L El~hb* >668 ~cva~p nw Hbgj` lo` Ilegjw ^cxcl~hb Hcopc~* Hbgj` Tcjil~c Xc~yghcx go Gjjgoagx;P~co`x lo` V~akchpgaox pa pbc Wcl~ >6>3* `cxh~gncx bat

/ hbgj`~co vjlhc` gopa iaxpc~ hl~c ncia~c ldc


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Gopc~oljg{god Pbc tl~` blx cjcylpc` ~lpgodx ao `cv~cxxgao a~ lorgcpw nsp pbc~c gx oa cyg`cohcai pbasdbp `gxa~`c~= >># ai pbc tl~`x/

Xc~gasx Ecoplj Gjjocxx% Pbc tl~` blx lp jclxp ea`c~lpc v~anjcex tgpb bgx!bc~ pbgomgod v~ahcxxlo` elw nc vxwhbapgh/ Pbcxc tl~`x l~c eaxp jgmcjw pa nc l `lodc~ pa pbcexcjycx a~ apbc~x= #ai pbc tl~`x/

@gx~svpgyc% Pbc tl~` blx ncblyga~ v~anjcex lp baec* xhbaaj lo`!a~ ta~m/ Pbc tl~` blxxahglj lo` jcdlj giighsjpgcx/ Pbc tl~` ljxa blx hadogpgyc jgegplpgaox/ Pbgx hlpcda~w blx pbcbgdbcxp cjavcecop ~lpc= >


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3/ Pbc @cvl~pecop xbasj` crvja~c pbc iso`god ai cycogod gopc~ycopgao hcopc~x* xgegjl~ pa pbchs~~cop ea`cjx spgjg{c` nw Ksycogjc Has~p go Hbghlda/ Lxxgdoecop pa pbc cycogodgopc~ycopgao hcopc~ tasj` nc goha~va~lpc` lx vl~p ai l has~p a~`c~ ia~ xsvc~ygxgao a~v~anlpgao lo` goyajygod xcvl~lpc ilhgjgpgcx ia~ waspb ldcx


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vjlhc` ao pbc eaxp ygxgnjc* `gx~svpgyc bgdb%co` v~anjcex pblp ~c|sg~cxvchgljg{c` xc~yghcx/ Gp gx ygpljjw geva~plop pblp pbc ncblyga~lj!ecoplj bcljpbhl~c xwxpce `cycjav v~ad~lex "gopc~ycopgao lo` p~clpecop' pa eccp pbc occ`ia~ jat% pa ea`c~lpc%co` xc~yghcx lo` elmc pbcxc xc~yghcx lhhcxxgnjc pa mcwvl~pghgvlopx "v~gel~w hl~c v~ayg`c~* hlxcta~mc~* xsnxpgpspc hl~cdgyc~' go pbc

hbgj`x tcjil~c lx v~cycopgyc lo` ~cec`glj eclxs~cx/ "Xcc 8!


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ha~~chpgaox* xsnxplohc lnsxc* `cycjavecoplj `gxlngjgpgcx lo` vsnjgh bcljpb/ Pbc hs~~cop p~clpecopea`cj ai t~lvl~aso` xc~yghcx ~c|sg~cx l haa~`golpgao ai ljj pbcxc xc~yghcx ia~ pbc hbgj` lo`ilegjw/ Nsp aipco* go Gjjgoagx* xc~yghcx l~c oap haa~`golpc`/ Elow hbgj`~co iljj gopa xc~yghc dlvxncptcco ldcohgcx* tbc~c ljj `chjgoc pa xc~yc l occ`w hbgj`/ Apbc~x l~c nasohc` ncptccov~ayg`c~x tgpb jgppjc haa~`golpgao ai hl~c a~ xbl~god ai goia~elpgao/

^chaeeco`lpgaox;

/ @HIX xbasj` lxxs~c lhhcxx pa ecoplj bcljpb xc~yghcx ia~ ljj tl~ x pblp ~c|sg~c pbce*vl~pghsjl~jw go pbc so`c~xc~yc` Xaspbc~o ^cdgao/ Pbc eangjc* esjpg`gxhgvjgol~wlxxcxxecop pcle lylgjlnjc go Haam Hasopw xbasj` nc crvlo`c` pa Xaspbc~o Gjjgoagx

pb~asdb Xaspbc~o Gjjgoagx Sogyc~xgpw/

8/ @HIX xbasj` v~ayg`c l haevjcpc ~lodc ai ecoplj bcljpb xc~yghcx ia~ ecopljjw gjj tl~ x*gohjs`god xh~ccogod* aspvlpgcop xc~yghcx* ~cxg`copglj xc~yghcx* baxvgpljg{lpgao lo`p~loxgpgaolj xc~yghcx/ Cyc~w tl~` xbasj` nc xh~ccoc` ia~ ecoplj bcljpb occ`x/

0/ @HIX xbasj` crvlo` t~lvl~aso` xc~yghcx pa ecopljjw gjj tl~`x/ Go l` gpgao pa ecopljbcljpb xc~yghcx* ecopljjw gjj tl~`x occ` pa nc jgomc` tgpb apbc~ lvv~av~glpc xc~yghcx*gohjs`god xvchglj c`shlpgao* xsnxplohc lnsxc* ec`ghlj hl~c lo` lipc~ xhbaaj xc~yghcx/@HIX occ`x pa p~lgo gpx xplii* ldcohgcx lo` iaxpc~ vl~copx ~cdl~`god pbc t~lvl~aso` ea`cjlo`* vl~pghsjl~jw* pa pbc xvchglj c`shlpgao xwxpce lo` sxc ai Go`gyg`slj C`shlpgao Vjlox/

3/ @HIX xbasj` vl~pghgvlpc go l kagop `chgxgao elmgod v~ahcxx tgpb pbc has~px lo` apbc~hbgj` ldcohgcx pa lxxs~c pblp oa hbgj` gx jcip ncbgo` lo` pblp xc~yghcx l~c napb gopcd~lpc`lo` haa~`golpc`/ Pbc @cvl~pecop occ`x pa ta~m tgpb pbc has~px lo` apbc~ ldcohwv~ayg`c~x pa l``~cxx pbc occ`x ai pbaxc egoa~x iljjgod gopa pbc dlvx ncptcco xc~yghcv~ayg`c~x/ Pbc @cvl~pecop xbasj` ta~m tgpb pbc has~px lo` apbc~ v~ayg`c~x pa l``~cxxpbc occ`x ai pbaxc egoa~x tba l~c ncgod xc~yc` nw esjpgvjc ldcohgcx tgpbasphaa~`golpgao ai hl~c/

9/ XC^YGHCX IA^ XSNXPLOHC LNSXGOD ILEGJGCX

Pbc gevlhp ai vl~coplj ljhabaj lo` apbc~ `~sd lnsxc "LA@L' ao hbgj`~co blx ncco `ceaoxp~lpc`napb olpgaoljjw lo` go Gjjgoagx pb~asdb osec~asx xps`gcx/ Cxpgelpcx i~ae pbc Dcoc~ljLhhasopgod Aiighc "Ksjw # ail`sjp taeco go pbc dcoc~lj vavsjlpgao ai Haam Hasopw/ Hjaxc pa aoc%ias~pb ">8/0#' ai pbc

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@HIX goyajyc` taeco xs~ycwc` bl` sxc` el~gkslol go pbc eaopb v~ga~ pa pbc gopc~ygct lo`tcjj ayc~ blji "90/7#' ai taeco go pbc @HIX xlevjc ~cva~pc` sxgod hahlgoc go pbcg~ jgicpgectgpb xjgdbpjw jcxx pblo blji "09/0#' hjlgec` pa blyc sxc` go pbc vlxp wcl~/ Ayc~ aoc%igipb ">6/2#'ai pbc taeco gopc~ygctc` bl` sxc` gjjghgp `~sdx go i~aop ai pbcg~ hbgj`~co tgpb lo cyco jl~dc~vc~hcopldc "0>/7#' ~cva~pgod ncgod so`c~ pbc goijscohc ai gjjghgp `~sdx tbgjc tgpb pbcg~ hbgj ~co/

Ocl~jw blji "07/8#' ai pbc taeco xs~ycwc` ~cva~pc` pblp ljhabaj lo` apbc~ `~sd sxc tlx pbcelgo ~clxao ia~ pbcg~ hs~~cop goyajycecop tgpb @HIX/

Go ~cxvaoxc* pbc Gjjgoagx jcdgxjlps~c elo`lpc` crvloxgao ai xc~yghcx pa pbgx vavsjlpgao* ~cxsjpgodgo pbc ALXL!@HIX Gogpglpgyc/ Pbgx hajjlna~lpgao* cxplnjgxbc` go


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ai lo ciichpgyc hs~~ghsjse/ L``gpgaolj |sljgpw hbgj`hl~c xjapx napb go pbc haeesogpw lo` ao%xgpclp v~ayg`c~ ldcohgcx haopgosc pa nc l occ` ia~ taeco lo` ilegjgcx pa lhhcxx xsnxplohc lnsxcp~clpecop/

Pbc jl~dcxp haohc~o bcl~` i~ae pbc igcj` gx pbc jlhm ai ~cic~~ljx i~ae @HIX lo` VAX ldcohgcx pa

xsnxplohc lnsxc p~clpecop v~ayg`c~x ia~ pba~asdb lxxcxxecopx/ Go l``gpgao* pbc~c l~c elowhaevjlgopx i~ae pbc LA@L igcj` ~cdl~`god pbc jlhm ai iajjat%sv lo` iajjat pb~asdb i~ae @HIXxplii ! hlxcta~mc~x lo` VAX ldcohw hlxcta~mc~x/ Pbgx vavsjlpgao ai vl~copx pco`x pa nc pbcbl~`c~ pa xc~yc hjgcopx/ Xaec hlxcta~mc~x elw iccj gp clxgc~ pa xccm vc~elocohw ia~ pbc hbgj`~coai pbcxc hjgcopx pb~asdb apbc~ eclox "iaxpc~ hl~c* l`avpgao'* ~lpbc~ pblo xvco`god pbc pgec~c|sg~c` pa xsvva~p pbc vl~cop"x' go xshhcxxisj p~clpecop lo` ~chayc~w* tbghb hasj` pbco jcl` pa~csogighlpgao/ Go l``gpgao* @HIX l`ajcxhcop tl~`x tgpb lo g`copgigc` xsnxplohc lnsxc gxxsc pco`pa nc bl~`c~ pa vjlhc a~ lhbgcyc vc~elocohw ia~/

^chaeeco`lpgaox;


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Svao ~chcgvp ai lo a~lj a~ t~gppco ~cva~p ai xsxvchpc` hbgj` lnsxc a~ ocdjchp* bapjgoc xpliip~loxegp pbgx gogpglj ~cva~p pa pbc Hbgj` V~apchpgyc Xc~yghc Sogp tgpbgo pbc dcad~lvbgh ~cdgaog`copgigc` go pbc ~cva~p/ Tbco gp lvvcl~x pblp pbc geec`glpc xlicpw a~ tcjj%ncgod ai l hbgj` gxco`lodc~c`* tbc~c pbc hbgj` elw `gxlvvcl~* a~ pbc ilegjw elw ijcc* pbc Hbgj` V~apchpgyc Xc~yghc

goycxpgdlpa~ esxp haeecohc pbc goycxpgdlpgao geec`glpcjw/ Go apbc~ hg~hsexplohcx* pbc HVXgoycxpgdlpa~ esxp ncdgo pbc goycxpgdlpgao tgpbgo >0 bas~x ai ~chcgvp ai pbc ~cva~p lo` elmc logogpglj `cpc~egolpgao tbcpbc~ pbc ~cva~p gx l daa` ilgpb go`ghlpgao ai pbc ljjcdc` lnsxc a~ocdjchp/ "Pbc~c l~c `gxpgohp v~ahc`s~cx ia~ goycxpgdlpgao ai xsxvchpc` lnsxc a~ ocdjchp ai l hbgjnw l xhbaaj cevjawcc/ Pbcxc v~ahc`s~cx tc~c oap ~lgxc` lx lo gxxsc nw low d~asv tbghbhaeesoghlpc` tgpb pbc Plxm Ia~hc lo` l~c oap l``~cxxc` go pbgx ~cva~p/'

Aohc pbc~c gx l daa` ilgpb go`ghlpgao* pbc goycxpgdlpa~ esxp haeecohc l ia~elj goycxpgdlpgaotbghb gohjs`cx `g~chp haoplhp tgpb pbc hbgj` lo` apbc~ xsnkchpx ai pbc ~cva~p* lo` `cpc~egolpgaoxai ~gxm pa pbc hbgj` lo` v~anlnjc v~apchpgao ai pbc hbgj` ~celgogod go pbc coyg~aoecop gi ilegjwv~cxc~ylpgao xc~yghcx l~c v~ayg`c`/ Pbc HVX goycxpgdlpa~x hlo ~c|scxp h~gegolj bgxpa~w ~cha~`x

goia~elpgao ~cdl~`god xsnkchpx ai pbc ~cva~p i~ae pbc Gjjgoagx Xplpc Vajghc lo` jlt coia~hcecopldcohgcx/

Ljj ~cva~px go pbc hcop~lj ~cdgxpc~ l~c hjlxxgigc` go aoc ai pb~cc hlpcda~gcx; "


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Xccegodjw sog|sc pa Haam Hasopw ^cdgaox* hlxcta~mc~x lo` xsvc~ygxa~x haevjlgoc` pblp pbclègogxp~lpgao l~pgighgljjw so`c~%~cva~px pbcg~ hlxcjal`x/ Pbcw go`ghlpc` pblp pbc haevspc~ xwxpce~cijchpx pbc osenc~ ai hlxcx lxxgdoc` pa lo goycxpgdlpa~/ Tbco pbc osenc~ ai lxxgdoc` hlxcxcrhcc`x pbc osenc~ pblp goycxpgdlpa~ gx xsvvaxc` pa blyc* pbc xsvc~ygxa~ gx ~c|sg~c` pa ~c%lxxgdo

pbc hlxc pa loapbc~ goycxpgdlpa~/ Gp elw nc pblp pbc ig~xp goycxpgdlpa~ xpgjj gx ~cxvaoxgnjc pahaevjcpc pbc ta~m/ Gp elw nc pblp pbc octjw lxxgdoc` goycxpgdlpa~ blx pa vghm sv pbc ta~m go pbceg``jc ai pbc goycxpgdlpgao* xa pbc ilegjw oat blx l oct goycxpgdlpa~ tgpb tbae pa gopc~lhp/ Pbclxxgdoecop xwxpce àcx oap plmc gopa lhhasop pbc `giic~cohc go haevjcrgpw ai goycxpgdlpgaox* c/d/goycxpgdlpgao ai xblmco goilop aipco ~c|sg~cx ea~c pgec lo` crvc~pgxc pblo goycxpgdlpgao ai ln~sgxc pa l xcyco wcl~ aj` hbgj`/

Gi pbc HVX goycxpgdlpa~ go`ghlpcx l ~cva~p* pbco pbc goycxpgdlpa~ xbasj` lxxcxx pbc ilegjwx occìa~ xc~yghcx lo` `cycjav l xc~yghc vjlo/ @HIX xbasj` aiic~ ilegjw v~cxc~ylpgao xc~yghcx* tbc~cxlic lo` lvv~av~glpc* pa v~cycop pbc vjlhcecop ai hbgj`~co go xsnxpgpspc hl~c* a~ pa ~csogpchbgj`~co tgpb pbcg~ ilegjgcx tbco ~csogighlpgao gx lvv~av~glpc* a~ pa elgoplgo lo làvpgyc

vjlhcecop/ Pbcxc elw gohjs`c* nsp l~c oap jgegpc` pa; hlxc eloldcecop xc~yghcx* baecelmc~x*hasoxcjgod* vl~cop c`shlpgao* `lw hl~c* cec~dcohw lxxgxplohc lo` l`yahlhw lxxcxxecopx* ~cxvgpchl~c* go%baec bcljpb hl~c* p~loxva~plpgao pa pbcxc xc~yghcx* lo` ec`ghlj lxxgxplohc/

^chaeeco`lpgaox; Hbgj` V~apchpgao Goycxpgdlpgaox

/ Hlxcjal`x xbasj nc tcgdbpc` lo` gxp~gnspc` xa pblp pbc goycxpgdlpa~x blyc~clxaolnjc hlxcjal`x/ Hlxcx xbasj` nc tcgdbpc` lhha~`god pa pbc `cd~cc ai haevjcrgpwlo` ta~m pblp gx ~c|sg~c` pa lhhaevjgxb haevcpcop goycxpgdlpgaox/ Hlxcx xbasj` oap nclxxgdoc` pa goycxpgdlpa~x bas~x ncia~c pbcw l~c haevjcpgod pbcg~ ta~m tccm a~ l~c jclygodia~ ylhlpgao

8/ Goycxpgdlpa~x xbasj nc dgyco pbc xsvva~p xc~yghcx pbcw occ` pa goycxpgdlpc lo`àhsecop pbcg~ goycxpgdlpgaox/ @cvco`god svao pbcg~ hlxcjal`x* pbgx elw gohjs`c xsvva~pxplii pa copc~ hlxc oapcx gopa pbc haevspc~ `lplnlxc a~ pa xco` asp oapgighlpgaox ~c|sg~c`lx vl~p ai pbcg~ goycxpgdlpgao/

0/ Pbc ~chaeeco`lpgaox ai pbc Goxvchpa~ Dcoc~lj* Hbgj` @clpb ^cygct Pclex* lo` pbcLec~ghlo Bseloc Lxxahglpgao xbasj` nc ~cygctc` pa `cpc~egoc tbghb hlo lo` xbasj` ncgevjcecopc`/

3/ Pbc vlg~c` pcle ea`cjx xbasj` nc ~cygctc` pa `cpc~egoc "l' gi pbcw l~c pbc lvv~av~glpcea`cj ia~ cyc~w ~cdgao go pbc xplpc* lo` "n' gi haopgosc`* pbc vlg~c` pclex xbasj` ncl`c|slpcjw xpliic` go a~`c~ pa gevjcecop pbc ea`cj/ Pbc vlg~c` pcle ea`cjx blycdcoc~lpc` crpcoxgyc |scxpgaox lo` haohc~ox i~ae pbc vc~xaox eaxp goyajyc` go pbc hbgj`

0>


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v~apchpgyc xc~yghcx goycxpgdlpgaox/ Elow ai pbc goycxpgdlpa~x lo` xsvc~ygxa~x hbl~dc`tgpb gevjcecopgod pbc ea`cj blyc haohc~ox lnasp gpx iclxgngjgpw lx l ea`cj a~ lnasp gpxvaxxgngjgpw ia~ xshhcxx go ygct ai pbc hs~~cop xplii xba~pldcx/

08


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Y/ PLXM IA^HC ECENC^X; PBCG^ NLHMDÂSO@ LO@CRVC^GCOHC

Gjjgoagx Ig~xp Jl`w Vlp~ghgl Njldakcyghb

L `cyapc` tgic lo` eapbc~* Gjjgoagx Ig~xp Jl`w Vlp~ghgl Njldakcyghb blx ncco l xp~aod l`yahlpcia~ taeco* hbgj`~co lo` xcoga~x/ Lx Ig~xp Jl`w* xbc tgjj iahsx ao xp~codpbcogod pbc xplpcxhaeegpecop pa pbc tcjil~c lo` c`shlpgao ai Gjjgoagx hbgj`~co/ Go pbc avcogod tccmx go bc~ oct~ajc lx Ig~xp Jl`w* Vlppg Njldakcyghb yajsopcc~c` pa xc~yc ao l xvchglj plxm ia~hc h~clpc` pahaev~cbcoxgycjw ~cygct pbc xshhcxxcx lo` ilgjs~cx ai pbc @cvl~pecop ai Hbgj`~co lo` IlegjwXc~yghcx* lo` elmc ~chaeeco`lpgaox ia~ ~cia~e/

@s~god bc~ bsxnlo`x ~chcop hlevlgdo ia~ dayc~oa~* E~x/ Njldakcyghb p~lycjc` pb~asdbaspGjjgoagx* xvclmgod pa d~asvx lnasp pbcxc lo` apbc~ geva~plop gxxscx pblp liichp pbc xplpc/ Xbc ljxavjlwc` lo lhpgyc ~ajc go bc~ bsxnlo`x hlevlgdox ia~ xplpc ~cv~cxcoplpgyc lo` Haod~cxx/

E~x/ Njldakcyghb tlx na~o lo` ~lgxc` ao pbc oa~pbxg`c ai Hbghlda lo` lppco`c` Xlgop XhbajlxpghlBgdb Xhbaaj/ Lipc~ d~l`slpgod i~ae pbc Sogyc~xgpw ai Gjjgoagx* S~nlol%Hblevlgdo* tgpb l `cd~ccgo chaoaeghx* E~x/ Njldakcyghb ta~mc` ia~ cgdbp wcl~x lp bc~ vl~copx xeljj elosilhps~godhaevlow ayc~xccgod avc~lpgaox/ Tgpb pbc ng~pb ai bc~ ig~xp `lsdbpc~* xbc xasdbp l hl~cc~ pblptasj` lhhaeea`lpc pbc `celo`x ai eapbc~baa` lo` nchlec l jghcoxc` ~clj cxplpc n~amc~ lo`lvv~lgxc~/ Xbc hs~~copjw atox bc~ ato ~clj cxplpc haevlow ao Hbghlda$x oa~pbxg`c/

@~/ @logcj K/ Hsoca ~chcgyc` bgx Vb/ @/ go Hjgoghlj Vxwhbajadw i~ae pbc Sogyc~xgpw ai Xaspb@lmapl go 0 wcl~x lo`xc~yc` lx pbc @g~chpa~ ai Hjgoghlj Xc~yghcx lp Hbcxpc~ Ecoplj Bcljpb Hcopc~* pbc Gjjgoagx

elrgese xchs~gpw ia~coxgh ilhgjgpw/ Pbc~c bc bl` `g~chp xsvc~ygxgao ai pbc ilhgjgpw$x p~clpecopsogpx lo` ~cjlpc` hjgoghlj xc~yghcx ai pbc 8>6 nc` elrgese xchs~gpw!ia~coxgh baxvgplj/ Bc blxpcxpgigc` ayc~ >*366 pgecx go has~p lx lo crvc~p tgpocxx go igpocxx* xlogpw* hsxpa`w* lo` hgygjhaeegpecop bcl~godx lo` xc~ycx ao ~cdgaolj lo` xplpctg`c haeegppccx haohc~ogod ia~coxghgxxscx/ Bc blx vl~pghgvlpc` go ayc~ >66 haoic~cohcx pb~asdbasp pbc Sogpc` Xplpcx lo` blxvsnjgxbc` ogoc l~pghjcx lo` pb~cc naamx go pbc igcj` ai jlt lo` ecoplj bcljpb/ Bc ha lspba~c`tgpb Ex/ N~co`l Atco Pbc Igpocxx Dlec* lo c`shlpgaolj paaj `cxgdoc` pa pclhb haohcvpxochcxxl~w ia~ lo go`gyg`slj pa nchaec igp pa xplo` p~glj/ Pbc Igpocxx Dlec gx v~cxcopjw sxc` goigipcco xplpcx lo` pbc ic`c~lj xwxpce/

Ks`gpb Tljmc~ Mco`~ghmblx l `gxpgodsgxbc` hl~cc~ go dayc~oecop lx tcjj lx haeesogpw loìlegjw `cycjavecop/ Go dayc~oecop* xbc tlx ia~ec~jw pbc Haeegxxgaoc~ ai pbc @cvl~pecop aiBselo Xc~yghcx* Hgpw ai Hbghlda lo` Hblg~ ai pbc Elwa~$x Xsn%Hlngocp ia~ HaeesogpwXc~yghcx `s~god pbc lègogxp~lpgao ai Elwa~x Bl~aj` Tlxbgodpao lo` Csdcoc Xltwc~/ Xbc tlxvl~p ai napb Elwa~x$ Vajghw Hasohgjx lo` `g~chpjw ~cxvaoxgnjc ia~ pbc lègogxp~lpgao ai pbcldcohw$x v~ad~lex lo` xc~yghcx lo` ea~c pblo


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pbc S/X/ @cvl~pecop ai Basxgod lo` S~nlo @cycjavecop* lo` xbl~c` isjj ~cxvaoxgngjgpw tgpb pbc^cdgaolj L`egogxp~lpa~ go pbc haa~`golpgao* l`egogxp~lpgao lo` eloldcecop ai BS@$x ^cdgao Yv~ad~lex ai basxgod* haeesogpw `cycjavecop* ilg~ basxgod lo` c|slj avva~psogpw tbghbgohjs`c` v~aygxgao ai xsvc~ygxgao lo` vajghw `cpc~egolpgao pa l xgr%xplpc l~cl/

@cna~lb @l~a* Vb/@/ gx lo Lxxahglpc V~aicxxa~ lo` ^cxcl~hb Icjjat lp pbc Hblvgo Bljj Hcopc~ia~ Hbgj`~co lp pbc Sogyc~xgpw ai Hbghlda/ V~ga~ pa kagogod Hblvgo Bljj go Klosl~w


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haecx pb~asdb xc~ygod apbc~x/ Bc jcl~oc` pblp jcxxao i~ae bgx ilpbc~* tba tlx l hl~cc~ xaj`gc~/Bgx ilpbc~x egjgpl~w hl~cc~ jc` pbc ilegjw pa p~lycj l~aso` pbc ta~j` i~ae pbcg~ xpl~pgod vagop gopbc v~akchpx ai Dl~w* Go`glol/ Lipc~ lppco`god xhbaaj i~ae Klvlo pa Yg~dgogl* Dgj d~l`slpc` i~aeVlo Lec~ghlo Sogyc~xgpw* tbc~c bc vjlwc` hajjcdc nlxmcpnljj/ Bc tlx lnjc pa haengoc pbcyljscx ai daa` xva~pxeloxbgv lo` haevcpgpgao tgpb xaso` ea~lj v~gohgvjcx jcl~oc` i~ae bgx

vl~copx/

N~wlo Xlescjx blx l Elxpc~x `cd~cc i~ae pbc Bl~~gx Xhbaaj ai Vsnjgh Vajghw lo` N/ L/ goChaoaeghx i~ae pbc Sogyc~xgpw ai Oap~c @lec/ Na~o lo` ~lgxc` go Hbghlda* N~wlo ncdlo bgxta~m go dayc~oecop go pbc Aiighc ai pbc Dayc~oa~ ia~ pbc Xplpc ai Gjjgoagx/ Bc ta~mc` lx ljglgxao ncptcco pbco Dayc~oa~ Pbaevxao lo` xcyco bselo xc~yghc ldcohgcx/ Xgohc pbco* bgxna`w ai ta~m blx crvlo`c` pa gohjs`c `cycjavgod asphaec%nlxc` xc~yghc xwxpcex* i~aopjgocp~lgogod lo` xplii `cycjavecop* vc~ia~elohc lhhasoplngjgpw* lo` ~c%codgocc~god hlxceloldcecop xwxpcex/ Pb~asdb ~cjlpgaoxbgv nsgj god* ~cxcl~hb lo` loljwxgx* lo` xbcc~vc~xgxpcohc* N~wlo blx cxplnjgxbc` l xp~aod olpgaolj ~cvsplpgao ia~ ta~mgod tcjj go `gyc~xchaeesogpgcx lo` ia~ bcjvgod xplmcbaj`c~x pa ~chaohgjc pbcg~ haoijghpgod gopc~cxpx lo` igo`

haeeao d~aso`/ Tbgjc lp pbc Olpgaolj Hcopc~ ia~ Ilegjw Hcopc~c` V~lhpghc* N~wlo jc` logopc~`gxhgvjgol~w pcle ai v~ad~le!vajghw xvchgljgxpx pblp ta~mc` tgpb xplpc hbgj` tcjil~c ldcohgcxpa crvlo` pbcg~ haopgosse ai xc~yghcx pa gohjs`c ilegjw v~c

Report of the Task Force on the Illinois Department of Children and Families

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Transcript of Report of the Task Force on the Illinois Department of Children and Families