Report of the Ninth IDAF Liaison Officers MeetingReport-)AF. Liaison Off ing. Conakry, Guinea, 09 -...

Technical Report N° 73 December 1995

Ret_ 1DAFTice. s

Conakry, Guinea, 09 - 10 November 1995

Mauritania

Senegal

Cape Verde

The Gambia

Guinea Bissau

Guinea

Sierra Leone

Liberia

Côte d'IvoireGhana

Togo

Benin

Nigeria

Cameroon

DANIDA

11 1510 17 ?, e

18

Equatorial Guinea

Gabon

Sao Tome and Principe

18, CongoZaire

Angola

20

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS

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DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION OF DENMARK

DIPAr} PROGRAMME FOR INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT OFARTISANAL FISHERIES IN WEST AFRICA

IIDAF

1DAF PRCORAIVIIVIE

FAO LIBRARY AN: 441353

Report -)AFLiaison Off ing

Conakry, Guinea, 09 - 10 November 1995

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITIED NATIONSCotonou, Benin, December 1995

Technical Report N° 73 December 1995

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication donot imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food andAgriculture Organization or the financing agency concerning the legal status ofany country or territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning thedelimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

For bibliographic purposes this documentshould be citted as follows:

Anon., Report of the Ninth IDAF Liaison Officers Meeting, Conakry, Guinea, 9-10 November1995 1995. Cotonou, Programme for Integrated Development of Artisanal Fisheries in

West Africa 90p., IDAF/WP173

Previous IDAF liaison Officers _Meeting.

First 11 - 15 May 1985, Cotonou, BeninSecond: 11 - 14 November 1996, Freetown, Sierra LeoneThird: 02 - 04 December 1987, Cotonou, BeninFourth: 21 - 23 November 1989, Dakar, SenegalFifth: 16 - 18 April 1991, Cotonou, BeninSixth: 01 - 05 February 1993, Banjul, The GambiaSeventh: 22 - 24 November 1993, Cotonou, Benin.Eighth 03 - 09 November 1994, Pointe-Noire, Congo

IDAF ProjectFAO

P.O. Box 1369Cotonou, Republic of Benin

Telex: 5291 FOODAGRI Fax: (229) 33.05.19 Tel: (229) 33.09.25

THE VISION FOR ¡PAF PHASE III

INTRODUCTION

Development strategy during the 1960 and 1970s was based on the philosophy ìhatdeveloping countries lacked improved technology and capital for speeding up their developmentIndustrialization was promoted in order to capitalize on the abundant ;ish resources However,the a.nticipated expansion of the economy did noi: happen and the development approach shiftedtowards an integrated rural strategy where emphasis is put on the community as a whole io up-grade incomes and the quality of life through technical assistance and the active participation offisherfolk and the community.

*In this context, emphasis was initially placed on the Community Fishery Centre (CFC)concept as a means of promoting artisanal fishery development But it became apparent that thepresence of a complex of facilities and seivices tailored to meet local needs was no guafantee thatthe structures/facilities would be used or that development would occur The active partieipationof fisherfolk and the mobilisation of local and community resources was imperative in order toassure sustainability of initiatives undertaken by development projects and/or the continual ty

.)0 far and in general terms, the IDAF Programme has v,,orT r J under the context ofabundant or seemingly adequate fishery resources with 'moderate population pressure Thescenario is however changing (and very fast for that matter, and we.would soon face the triplecono-_-,traints of reduced or depleting fish stocks, degrading environinent and increasing populationpressure. Like in other sectors, it must be anticipated that just to survive, parts of the populationsurplus in the fishing communities will enter the artisanal fisheries, which will increase thecompetition for the resources among the small scale fisherfolk in addition to the prevailingcompetition between the artisanal and industrial fisheries, with their attendant effect on theenvironment.

This scenario calls for a co. ntinuation of the integrated participatory strategy which remainsrelevant to the development of artisanal fisheries in West Africa. However, the emphasis needsto be placed on the elements and mechanisms that favour the sustainability of initiatives:responsible fishing, the empowerment processes that ensure the devolution of major resourcemanagement and development decisions to the local community, the strengthening of nationalhuman and institutional capacities at all levels for a sustainable and equitable fisheries resoufcesmanagement and development, as well as in the follow-up and eonsolidation of past achievements

EVELC T OBJEC IVE

Thus the development objective of the Programme in the present phase III which started on 1 July1994 is to ensure twenty coastal West African countries a sustainable development andmanagement of their artisanal fisheries for maximum social and economic benefit of their fislungcommunities in terms of employment, proteins and earnings. This will be done through anintegrated and participatory approach in which emphasis will be laid on equity, gender issues, thetransfer of technology for development, environment protection, as well as [he strengthening ofhuman and institutional capacities.

The immediate objectives are:

1 To identify, assess and disseminate strategies and mechanisms for sustainable managementand development of the artisanal fisheries in fishing communities;

To improve the competence of national Fisheries Departments staff in development andmanagement planning of artisanal fisheries;

To enhance regional technical competence in the fisheries disciplines, particularly infishing and fish technology;

To improve information and experience exchange related to artisanal fisheries within theregion;

To promote regional and suls-rePional Gollaboration for the development and managementof artisanal fisheries

gs tackle the following major aspects in

assisting in the elaboration and implementation of a clear and coherent nationaldevelopment policy for the artisanal fishery sector;

providing advice on management and allocation of resources between artisanal andindustrial fishing fleets, both national and foreign,

involving users in the design and management of on shore infrastructures;

monitoring the sector's evolution by the setting up of an economic indicator system forthe sector adapted to the financial and human availabilities;

improving fishing technologies in accordance with the available resources;

increasing the final product's value by improvement in processing and marketing;

promoting 0:-,ommunity development in accordance with the lessons learned from Phase Iand II and oriented towards the sustainability of actions undertaken;

reinforce the frogramme's information/communication system.

It is anticipated that by the end of the third phase of the Project, the region will have anucleus of field oriented experts capable to respond to the challenges of the artisanal fisheriessector and to spur development in their individual countries in keeping with the aspirations andneeds of fisherfolk.

In this con DAF will among other thi Iiit's work :

TABLE OF CONTENTPage

Table of Contents

Section 1. Report of the Ninth IDAF Liaison Officers Meeting 1

Section 2. Appendices 9

List of Participants 13Agenda of the Meeting 17

3 List of Documents Submitted to the Session. 18

Section 3; Working documents submitted to the session 19

3.1 Report of the Eighth Liaison Officers Meeting 20

3.9 Progress Report November 1994 - October 1995

1.3 Artisanal Fisheries Geographical Information system Development:FAO's Experience in West Africa 35

3.4 Women's role in fishing communities in West Africa and the framework for detailed studies 56

3.5 ARTFISH and ARTSER Computer Systems: A brief technical notenote on their purpose and basic functions

3.6 Exchange of Personal Experiences of Liaison Officers 67

3.6.1 Seeking solutions to credit problems of artisanal fisherfolksThe Gambian experience 68

3.6.2 Management Committee of the port of Lomé: Instrumentof promotion of the marine artisanal fisheries in Togo 72

3.6.3 "The productive Micro-Projects for Women in Cameroon(MPPF-CAM)" 73

3.6.4. Integrated Programme for the Discovery of New ArtisanalFishing Zones and Short Refresher Course for WomenProcessors in the Cacine Area (Tombali Region) 76

3.6.5 A personal field extension and research experience 81

3.6.6 Field extension and research experiences from Sierra Leone 84

IDAF Technical Report N' 73

ii IDAF Technical Report N" 73

3.6.7 Paper by the National Director of Maritime Artisanal Fisheries inthe Republic of Guinea at the 9th Session of IDAF LiaisonOfficers 87

3.6.8 Initial results Fish Concentration Devices (FCD) atSao Tome and Principe 89

3.7 Proposed Programme of Work January - December 1996 96

3.8 Other matters 102

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The ninth session of the liaison officers of the Programme for Integrated Development ofArtisanal Fisheries in West Africa was held jointly with the workshop on "Participatoryapproaches and traditional fishery management practices in West Africa" from 9 to 15 November1995 at Hotel Mariador Conakry, at the invitation of the Government of Guinea.

The meeting was declared open by Dr. Mamadi Diaré, Minister of Fisheries andAquaculture of Guinea, in the presence of Dr. Kandjoura Dramé, Minister of Health and Mr. G.J.Bernard FAO Representative in Guinea. Dr. Mamadi Diaré noted that the meeting took place ata moment when Guinea like other countries in the region was concerned with the contribution ofartisanal fisheries to food security and expressed the wish that FAO would continue to seek waysto ensure the sustainable contribution of fisheries to human nutrition. He also commended the ideaof giving .high priority to the role of women in fishing communities, stressing that improvementin the working coriditions of women will contribute to alleviating poverty and to improving thesocio-economic conditions of the family.

The Minister further underscored the need to involve fisherfolks and other stake holdersnot only in the management of local fisheries infrastructures but also in the management of fisheryresources. He pointed out that Guinea is interested in all actions which can contribute to thesustainable development of artisanal fisheries. He thanked FAO for its continuing assistance tothe countries of the region and DANIDA for its financial assistance to the IDAF Programme.

Delegates from 18 of the 20 associated countries participated in the meeting. Thedelegates from Ghana and Gabon were unable to attend. The Workshop invitees also attended themeeting. Three resource persons, Mrs C. Wetohossou of the Nlinistry of Rural Development ofBenin; Mr. C. Stamatopoulos of Fisheries Statistics Service, FAO headquarters, Rome; and Mr.M. Taconet of the FAO executed project on Geographical Information Systems (GIS), withheadquarters in Casablanca, Morocco, attended the meeting. For the Workshop, Dr. RES.Poméroy of the International Centre for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) basedin Manila, Philippines and Mr. S. Sverdrup-Jensen, Director of the Institute of FisheriesManagement (IFM) of the North Sea Centre in Hirtshals, Denmark, were resource persons.

Seven fishers from Benin (one), Cate d'Ivoire (one), Senegal (one), and Guinea (two menand two women fish processors) participated in the meeting and workshop, and they presentedtheir activities in their respective fishing communities. National managers of 6 IDAF Associatedprojects also participated in the meeting.

The discussions at the meeting were lively, constructive and fruitful. Several suggestionsand recommendations were made for consideration by the Programme in its work programme for1996 The better organized exchange of experiences between Liaison Officers was very useful andmuch welcomed.

The methodology applied in undertaking the TCP project in Togo, which involved theactive participation of the local fisherfolk in the definition of fisheries management anddevelopment plans was appreciated. It was recommended that this approach be used in othercountries of the region

IDAF Technical Report N° 73

Liaison Officers regarded study tours as an important tool for exchange of experiences inthe region and suggested that exchange visits by fishers be encouraged.

The initiative in establishing a working group on the economic role of women in fishingcommunities was commended. It was suggested that a study on the mentality of the womeninvolved in production, compared with those in other activities, be undertaken.

The participants were introduced to the FAO project GCP/RAF/288/FRA "GeographicInformation Systems (GIS) applied to West African fisheries". The concepts and field methodswhich have been developed in pilot applications in Guinea, Morocco, Mauritania, and Senegalwere presented The participants expressed a desire to see the themes treated by the projectenlarged to include themes touching on the socio-economics of artisanal fisheries.

As regards computerization of primary sampled data and derivation of estimates for catchand fishing effort, the meeting was introduced to ARTFISH and ARTSER, which are ArtisanalFisheries Information Systems developed by FAO/Fisheries Statistics Service (FIDI) The meetingrecommended that training activities be organized in early 1996 so as to respond rapidly to theurgent need for such standardized systems in the region.

As part of the 9th LOM a visit was organised to the Kamsar Artisanal Fisheries Project(IDAF News Letter N° 27). The visit permitted a better understanding of the fishing activities inthe community.

Dr. D. Kane, Director of the Technical Secretariat of the EU financed regional programmeon the improvement of the utilization of fishery products (WARF) based in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoireand who was attending a LOM for the first time, presented the WARF Programme. He requestedECO WAS countries to avail themselves of the opportunities provided by WARF.

Before leaving Conakry participants warmly thanked the Government of the Republic ofGuinea for its hospitality, they also thanked the fishers for eloquently sharing their experiencesand commended their initiatives to strengthen links between their different communities.

Finally liaison officers commended the contribution of the different resource persons andalso appreciated the active participation of the managers of IDAF associated projects


SECTION 1

E MAIN REPORT

IDAF Technical Report N° 73 1

eport of the Ninth IDAF Liaison Officer's Meeting

Agenda Item 1: Opening of the session

1. The ninth session of the liaison officers of the Programme for Integrated Development ofArtisanal Fisheries in West Africa was held jointly with the workshop on "Participatoryapproaches and traditional fishery management practices in West Africa" from 9 to 15November 1995 at Hotel Mariador Conakry, at the invitation of the Government ofGuinea.

In the name of the Director General of FAO Mr. J. Diouf and the Assistant DirectorGeneral a.i. of the FAO Fisheries Department, Mr. W. Krone, the FAO Representative inGuinea, Mr. G. J. Bernard, emphasised the importance of artisanal fisheries in Guinea.He underlined the involvement of FAO in the fisheries sector of Guinea and reiterated thatParticipatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) which is today a major tool in the work of IDAF wasfirst tested in the fisheries sector in Africa in Kaback in 1991. He indicated that FAOexecuted projects in Guinea have served as training grounds for staff and fisherfolks fromother countries. He also underlined the benefits which the IDAF member countries couldget from the meeting, and underscored the support of FAO for the promotion of artisanalfisheries in the region.

The 9th liaison officers meeting was declared open by Dr. Mamadi Diare, Minister ofFisheries and Aquaculture of Guinea, He noted that the meeting took place at a momentwhen Guinea like others countries in the region was concerned with the contribution ofartisanal fisheries to food security and expressed the wish that FAO would continue toseek ways to ensure the sustainable contribution of fisheries to human nutrition. He alsocommended the idea of giving a high priority to the role of women in fishing communities

- stressing that improvement in the working conditions of women will contribute inalleviating poverty and also improve the socio-economic conditions of the family.

The Minister further underscored the need to involve fisherfolks and other stake holdersnot only in the management of local fisheries infrastructures but also in the managementof fishery resources. He pointed out that Guinea is interested in all actions which cancontribute to the sustainable development of artisanal fisheries. He thanked FAO for itscontinuing assistance to the countries of the region and DANIDA for its financialassistance to the IDAF Programme.

Dr. Kandjoura Dramé, Minister of Health of Guinea assisted in the opening ceremonies.

Delegates from 18 of the 20 countries associated with the IDAF Programme participatedin the 9th liaison officers meeting. The delegates of Ghana and Gabon were unable toattend. The list of participants is given in appendix I. The scope of participation wasenlarged to include those invited to the IDAF workshop on participatory approaches infisheries management in West Africa.

2 IDAF Technical Report N° 73

Mrs. C. Wetohossou, of the Ministry of Rural Development of the Republic of Benin, Mr,C. Stamatopoulos of FAO headquarters and Mr. Taconet of the FAO executed project onGeographical Information Systems in West African Fisheries GCP/RAF/277/FRA servedas resource persons for the 9th Liaison Officer's Meeting. Dr. R. S. Pomeroy of ICLARMand Mr. Sten Sverdrup-Jensen of the Institute of Fisheries Management (EFM) of theNorth Sea Centre in Hirtshal, Denmark, were resource persons at the workshop onparticipatory approaches in fishery management in West Africa.

A total of 7 fishers (5 men and 2 women) from Benin, Cóte d'Ivoire, Senegal and Guineaparticipated in the meetings

Agenda Item 2. Adoption of the agenda

9 Mr Ibrahinia Sory Toure, national director of artisanal fisheries for Guinea, wasunanimously elected chairman of the meeting; with Mr. O.F. Adebi of Nigeria and Mr.M. Doumbia of Cote d'Ivoire as rapporteurs.

10. The workshop was animated by Dr. R. Pomeroy and Sten Sverdrup-Jensen. Dr. J. P.Johnson from FAO headquarters and Mr. A. Jallow of the IDAF Programme served asrapporteurs.

11 The agenda (given in appendix 2) was adopted. Appendix 3 lists the documents presentedat the meeting, while the documents themselves are reproduced in Appendix 4

The secretariat for the meeting was provided by EDAF Programme personnel.

Agenda Item 3 Report of the Sth IDAF Liaison Officer's Meeting

The report of the 8th Liaison Officer's Meeting was presented to the participants for theircomments. The Liaison Officers expressed their satisfaction with the follow-up actionstaken by IDAF on the recommendations of the 8th Liaison Officer's Meeting.

The Safety at Sea Project document has been distributed to all countries in the concernedsub-region and the Secretariat of the Sub-regional Conunission on Fisheries in Dakar,Senegal The project proposal was put on the Commission's agenda for their last meetingwhich took place in Dakar in October 1995. Because not all representatives of themember countries had studied the proposal before the meeting, however, it's considerationhas now been deferred to the next meeting of the Commission.

The Liaison Officers recommended that the report of the study on insurance in artisanalfisheries in Senegal be distributed to sensitize fisheries authorities in the region on theproblems involved with insurance.


Agenda Item 4 Progress Report

The progress report was presented. The Liaison Officers appreciated the assistanceprovided by the Programme and were satisfied with the activities accomplished in 1995.

Congo expressed gratitude for the artisanal fisheries sectoral review and the training oninsulated containers undertaken by IDAF Due to the scarcity of the plastic foam materialused for insulation in the containers it was recommended that trials using local insulatingmaterials such as coconut fibre or dried banana leaves be carried out by the Programme.Guinea reported on the positive experience of using locally available materials in theconstruction of ice chests at their port of Bonfi

Cameroon reported that the IDAF-formulated TCP on improvement of traditional boatsis progressing well and the authorities believe that it will contribute significantly inimproving skills and developing artisanal fisheries in the area. Nigeria requested IDAF'sassistance in formulating a similar TCP project.

Angola expressed satisfaction that the Programme had fielded a mission to that countryin 1995. As a result Angola is now more actively involved in the Programme. A numberof collaborative works are on-going. The Liaison Officer from Angola specificallyrequested that this initiative of IDAF be cited in the Progress Report for 1995.

Considering the decreasing rate of catches, Sierra Leone requested 1DAF to assist theassociated countries in reducing post-harvest losses and the better utilisation of by-catch.

Participants appreciated the methodology applied in undertalcing the TCP in Togo, whichinvolved the active participation of the local fisherfolk in the definition of fisheriesmanagement and development plans. It was recommended that this approach be usedin other countries of the region.

Participants noted the emphasis on sustainable human and fisheries resourcesdevelopment. It was however, stressed that in the management of fishery resourcesemphasis should also be laid on the managment of other renewable natural resources,particularly forest resources which are used in boat building and fish processing.

Participants regarded study tours as an important tool for exchange of experiences in theregion. Nigeria and Sierra Leone specifically requested to benefit froni this meçhanism.Guinea Bissau eppreciated the assistance of 1DAF in facilitating exchange visits betweenwomen's groups in the Gambia and Guinea Bissau. Liaison officers suggested that suchexchange visits by fishers be encouraged.


Agenda Item 5: Marine geographic information systems

Mr. M. Taconet, from the FAO project GCP/RAF/288/FRA "Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) applied to West African fisheries", presented the concepts and fieldmethods which have been developed in pilot applications in Guinea, Morocco, Mauritania,and Senegal. It was pointed out that the geographic approach is applicable to both singlespecies and multispecies fisheries. It was emphasized that the field applications beingdeveloped use a participative approach which includes the management decision-makersas well as the technicians and scientists at all stages of development of the system.

The relevance of these geographic information system methods was discussed. It wasnoted that knowledge of the zone physically accessible to the fishing units, as detel minedby their radius of action and the port from which the boat operates, was fundamental formahagement purposes since this determines the potential impact of possible regulation ofa critical fishing area. It was further noted that a fishing fleet whose radius of actionincludes other potential fishing zones has much more possibility to adapt to severelimitations on fishing in the critical zone concerned that would a fleet whose accessiblezone was limited to the critical zone in question.

Participants observed that the map of resource distribution is an excellent and readilyunderstood communications tool which enables one to present in an intelligible fashionscientific information which would otherwise be incomprehensible for the non-specialist

Participants suggested that it would be useful make potential users in the region (notablymanagers and administrators of fisheries) aware of the possibilities of this approach.

They also expressed the hope to see the themes treated by project GCP/RAF/288/FRAenlarged to include themes touching on the socio-economics of artisanal fisheries,especially in those countries already involved in the pilot applications since they arealready aware of the possibilities and have already clearly demonstrated their interest ]

Agenda Item 6: Women's role in fishing communities in West Africa and the frameworkfor detailed studies

Mrs. C. Wetohoussou of the Ministry of Rural Development in Benin, and Coordinatorof1DAF's Working Group on the Role of Women in Fishing Communities, presented thework of the Group. She stressed the problems, issues, and opportunities that wereidentified in the 14 communities in the 8 participating countries. The main thrusts of futurestudies will be laid on organization, economic roles, nutrition, and hygiene in fishingcommunities

Liaison Officers appreciated 1DAF's initiative in establishing a working group on thesubject. They felt the work was useful and appropriate because of the essential role ofwomen in fishing communities. Some participants gave experiences in their countrieswhich were in agreement with the findings made by the Working Group.


It was suggested that a study on the mentality of the women involved in production,compared with those in other activities, be undertaken.

Guinea suggested collaboration between EDAF and its pilot project which is addressingsome of the problems outlined in the Working Group's report

Agenda Item 7: ARTFIS

Mr. C. Stamatopoulos from FAO, Rome, introduced this item. He first outlined the majorprogramme elements of the Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service of the FAOFisheries Department (FIDI), and described those that specifically deal with statisticaldevelopment aspects in member countries. The meeting was presented with a brief historyof methodological and operational approaches used during the past twenty years andnoted the drastic change in concepts and techniques resulted by the rapid evolution ofcomputer technolog,y and the expanded use of low-cost and powerful computing tools.

The presentation continued with the categorization of sample-based statistical surveys forartisanal fisheries into two principal approaches: (i) those which do not require framesurveys (with a complete geographical coverage of all landing sites) and, (ii) those withlimited geographical coverage and for which extrapolating factors from frame survey dataare always required.

As regards computerization of primary sampled data and derivation of estimates for catchand fishing effort, the meeting discussed the basic functions of ARTFISH, which is anArtisanal Fisheries Information System developed by FAO/FIDI At present ARTFISHoperates under MS-DOS and is available in both English and French. The meeting wasinformed that several AR1FISH limitations were a result of its operating under MS-DOS,and that a new Windows version has been planned for 1996. The new version would alsocombine the English and French systems into a single package.

ARIFISH is supported by ARTSER_, a supplementary MS-DOS system which providesa comprehensive set of reporting and plotting functions for data contained in andproduced by ARTFISH. At present, ARTSER is available only in English with the viewof developing a French version by mid 1996. The tool is presently being used in severalcountries, including Gabon, an associated country of the IDAF programme.

A major point of the discussion was related to training aspects. It was indicated that thebest approach would be the organization of regional workshops providing participantswith training on basic statistical principles, hands-on expertise in ARTFISH and ARTSERoperatIons, computer sessions for data preparation, and presentation/interpretation ofproduced results. The meeting recommended that training activities be organized in early1996 so as to respond the soonest possible to the urgent need for such standardizedsystems in the region.


Agenda Item 8: Exchange of personal experiences of liaison officers

A total of 8 personal experiences were reported by liaison officers. Two of thepresentations (the Gambia and Cameroun) dealt with credit initiatives for women. Thetwo papers from Sierra Leone and Guinea were on pilot project activities, while the paperfrom Guinea Bissau and Nigeria were on fisheries extension. The presentation from SaoTome and Principe dealt with fishing technology and the presentation of Angola was onintroduction to the fisheries sector of that country. Discussions on the experiences werelively and instructive, in many instances indicating areas which were improving and wherereplication of the activities was reported.

Mr. M. Njie of the Gambia reported on non-institutional credit schemes that have beenset up and operated by women's and men's fish processing associations in fishingcommunities through interactive and meaningful self-help initiatives. Important featuresof these iriitiatives include: the existence of guidelines (rules and regulations), themaintenance of adequate records, the operation of an emergency fund and the suspensionof lending and repayment during low fishing seasons.

The experiences of productive micro-projects for women in Cameroun reported by Mrs.M. Bondja indicated the involvement of NGOs in assisting women to obtain credit on veryflexible conditions and also to help them increase their incomes while initiating them tothe rules of entrepreneurship. Although the project has generally been successful, it wassuggested that to ensure sustainablity of actions, there should be in depth discussions andwork sessions between the different ministries (Livestock and Fisheries, Women's Affairs,Plan and Economy, etc.) NG0s, donors, and the beneficiaries.

Mr. D. de Barros of Guinea Bissau reported on pioneering experiences of linking theupstream and downstream fishery activities in the Cacine area. Not only were youngfishers trained but were encouraged to fish high value species in relatively unexploitedareas_ Adequate linkage was established between the fishermen and women processorsand distributors and a multidisciplinary team of the Fisheries Administration (fish andfishing technologists, economist, and statistician) provided guidance to the fishers andprocessors. Attention is also being given to resource management including reforestationof mangroves, the results was increased production and supply of fish with correspondingin-crease in incomes for all those involved in the sector.

Mr. 0.F. Adebiyi of Nigeria recounted the pilot entrepreneurship scheme that wasoperated by 4 fisher cooperatives in Uta Ewa in western Nigeria. In 1990 an FAO-executed project assisted participating cooperative societies through short-term creditarrangements of 3 to 6 months for total repayment of inputs at 50% of the purchase price.Working as a group the cooperatives repaid all their loans whereas individual fisherieshardly ever repay. Unfortunately no revolving fund was established. Fishers wereencouraged to save to maintain the initiative or to cover replacement costs, but highinflation rates have also hindered a repeat of this experience.


Mr. A.C.V. Forde of Sierra Leone shared experiences in 3 pilot projects executed in thecountry (Tombo, Kambia, and Shenge). These projects have helped to revitalize theartisanal fisheries sector in the country, especially with regard to marine engineering andboat building, and in improving the conditions in fishing communities. The results couldhave been much better if government was able to meet its financial and human resourceobligations to the projects, and if the elements and processes of involving users in thevarious activities were mastered.

Participants were updated on developments in the Kaback project in Guinea by Mr. F.A.Camara. In keeping with its philosophy of progressively empowering users, the FisheriesDevelopment Unit (FDU) and Village Development Committee (VDC) are now legallyrecognised autonomous organisations. Presently the project's National Director servesas a facilitator to the project and is a co-signatory to the VDC's bank accounts. But fromFebruary 1996 these funds are expected to be managed entirely by the VDC. The projectcontinues to lay emphasis on training because of the high illiteracy rate in the area. Userscontinue to participate actively in all aspects of the project.

Mr. O. Dos Santos made a presentation of the preliminary results of the use of FishAggregating Devices (FADs). In Sao Tome and Principe, several types of FADs havebeen tried and the results are encouraging. The use of these devices enable fisherfolk toreduce not only the duration of their fishing trips, but also fuel consumption. Catches arealso high but emphasis in the future would be laid on analyzing the economic aspects ofusing these devices.

Participants were introduced to the artisanal fisheries of Angola. In his presentation, Mr.J-P. Lartigue reported on a comprehensive frame survey that is ongoing. So far data on5 of the 7 coastal regions have been processed. There are no migrant fishermen inAngola. About 10 projects have been executed in the country over the last 15 years.Four projects: naval workshop for repairs of fishing boats, fisheries surveillance andcontrol, support to the artisanal fishery sector to improve fish supply to Luanda andBenguela and a computerized information system for the sector are ongoing.

Agenda Item 9. Work Programme for 1996

The 1996 workplan was elaborated and agreed upon based on the methodology evolvedduring the 7th liaison officer's meeting.

The proposed work programrne was extensively discussed. Based on comments, requestsand suggestions from liaison officers, the philosophy, structure and thrust of the workprogramme were agreed upon with some modifications of details being incorporated.


Agenda Item 10: Workshop on participatory approaches and traditional fisherymanagement practices in West Africa

The objectives of the workshop were:i. to review existing participatory and traditional fishery management experiences

in West Africa.to identify possible interventions in cataloguing and revitalizing participatoryapproaches in fishery management.

Eight papers were presented on participatory and traditional fishery managementexperiences in 9 fishing communities in 7 countries in the region. There was also a paperon participation approaches in community forestry in Senegal. In addition, participantsgave information on the situation in their respective countries.

Participants commended EDAF for organising the workshop to address this very importantissue. It was remarked that traditional management practices existed in many inlandfisheries in the pre-colonial era. Some of them were documented but several were notdocumented.

Several countries mentioned that the involvement of stake-holders in fisheriesmanagement was essential and that the political, social, and economic climate int theirrespective countries were conducive to the introduction of this strategy. They howeverstressed the importance of creating awareness among government officials, scientists,administrators, fishers, etc on the issue in view of the potential problems of implementinginnovation in any community.

The discussions also underscored the difficulties of involving migrant fishermen in fisheriesmanagement.

Participants followed keenly two conceptual presentations, the first on "Fisheries Co-management and Small-scale Fisheries" by Dr. R.S. Pomeroy and the second by Mr. S.Sverdrup-Jensen on "Analysis of Fisheries Co-management Arrangements: A ResearchFramework''.

Dr. Pomeroy defined co-management as the sharing of responsibility between thegovernment and local fishers/ community to manage a fishery or other natural resource.Co-management covers various partnership arrangements and degrees of power-sharingand integration of local- and government-level management systems. It may involverecognition and legitimization of traditional local-level management systems. It involvessome degree of communal management of the resource, that is, a recognized group offishers or an organization establishes and enforces community rules, norms, andregulations for catching fish or using the resource, with support from the government.


56. In his presentation Mr. Jensen stated that the Fisheries Co-Management Research Projectis a DANMA funded collaborative project between ICLARM, LFM, and the NationalAquatic Research System, with partners in the Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia,Malaysia, Zimbabwe; Zambia, Mozambique, Malawi, and, hopefully, West Africa. Thereare two components to the research: (a) comparative case studies of fisheries co-management strategies on the basis of existing literature and country research, and (b) co-management models based on (a) and tested at pilot sites. A common research frameworkwill enable comparison worldwide between case studies, country research, and pilot-testedco-management models.

57. The purpose of the framework is to describe and characterise the key factors whichinfluence the institutional and organisational aspects of fisheries co-managementarrangements. In particular, the framework will enable the analysis of (a) the existingproperty rights systems; (b) the scale and level of user group involvement in decision-making; (c) the nature of the representation of user groups in the decision-making process,and (d) the type of existing management organisations. Co-management arrangementswould be tested for (a) cost efficiency; (b) equity as regards representation, transparency,and distributive effects; (c) resource stewardship; and (d) management system resilience.

58. There was considerable discussion on the presentations, particularly on the limitations ofco-management arrangements and the various indicators in the framework

59. The following recommendations were made

IDAF in collaboration with ICLARM and [FM should organize an internationaltraining workshop at the regional level on the concepts of participative fisheriesmanagement (co-management).

IDAF, [FM, and ICLARM should assist their partners in the region to catalogueexperiences of participatory approaches and traditional fishery managementpractices.

Evaluate the impacts of on-going experiences in the Tchonvi fishing communityin Benin and Lagoon Aby project in Côte d'Ivoire.

60. Participants expressed regret at the absence of the programmed presentation on the legalaspects of co-management

61. The observations of resource persons are included in the workshop Proceedings.

Agenda Item 11: Other matters

62. Participants followed with interest presentations made by artisanal fishermen and womenfish processors on their activities in their respective fishing communities.


The seven fishers at the meeting reported on the behind the scenes consultations they heldto initiate collaboration and effective exchange of information and experiences andrequested LDAF to continue to arrange for practising fishers to join in their meetings.

Participants thanked the fishers for eloquently sharing their experiences and commendedtheir initiative to strengthen links between their different communities.

Dr. Demba Kane, Technical Secretary of the EU financed regional Programme on theimprovement of the utilization of fishery products (WARF) based in Abidjan, Côtedivoire, presented the Programme to participants and requested ECOWAS countries toavail themselves of the opportunities provided by WARF

The Secretariat thanked the Liaison Officers for their country papers and promised thatin adçiition to providing a summary, the papers would be photocopied and distributed toall liaison offiters in their present form.

The Government of the Republic of Guinea was thanked for its hospitality.

Participants thanked the fishing community of Kamsar for permitting them to betterunderstand the fishing activities in their community.

Liaison Officers commended the contribution of the different resource persons and alsoappreciated the active participation of the managers of IDAF-associated projects as wellas the authors of the papers presented at the workshop.

It was agreed that the next Liaison Officers Meeting will be held in the central zone ofFDAF, the details to be worked out by the secretariat.

Agenda Itein 12: Adoption of the report

The liaison officers adopted the report and asked the secretariat to ensure its finalisationand proceed with its distribution.

Agenda Item 13: Closure of the meeting

The ninth IDAF Liaison Officers Meeting was declared closed by Mr Yaya Camara, SecretaryGeneral at the Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Guinea.


SECTION 2

APPENDICES


Lis

t of

part

icip

ants

at t

he N

inth

Lia

ison

Off

icer

s M

eetin

g an

d W

orks

hop

o -

Nam

eC

ount

ryT

elep

hone

Fax

Add

ress

Mr.

Alf

onso

Kin

gom

boA

ngol

a24

4-2-

3341

1224

4-2-

3930

39B

iolo

gisi

, das

Pes

cas

Art

esan

ais,

Rua

Jos

é Pe

dro

Tuc

a 36

/38,

Lua

nda

Mr

Jean

-Phi

lippe

Lar

tigue

Ang

ola

244-

2-33

4112

244-

2-39

3039

Con

seill

er T

echn

ique

da

Pesc

a A

rtes

anal

, Rua

"tO 0

244-

2-34

0598

José

Ped

ro T

uca

36/3

8, L

uand

a, A

ngol

a

oM

r Jo

aqui

m J

osé

da S

ilva

Sala

visa

Ang

ola

244-

2-33

4112

244-

2-39

3039

244-

2-39

3039

3621

04 D

om.

Dir

ecto

r N

acio

nal d

a Pe

sca

Art

esan

al, R

ua J

osé

Pedr

o T

uca

36/3

8, L

uand

a, A

ngol

aM

r. A

dégb

ité T

ouss

aint

Ben

in(2

29)

33 1

5 51

Dir

ectio

n de

s Pé

ches

, BP:

383

Cot

onou

Mr

Jean

Gal

Ike

Ben

in22

9-33

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229-

3305

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tegr

ated

Dev

elop

men

t of

Art

isan

al F

ishe

ries

(ID

AF)

, BP

1369

, Cot

onou

Mr.

J. G

bodo

gbé,

Mr

Ben

oit H

orem

ans

Ben

inB

enin

3331

7122

9-33

0925

229-

3305

19c/

o PP

L C

oton

ou (

Sèm

epod

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uém

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tegr

ated

Dev

elop

men

t of

Art

isan

al F

ishe

ries

(ID

AF)

, BP

1369

, Cot

onou

Mr

Alh

aji J

allo

wB

enin

229-

3309

2522

9-33

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grat

ed D

evel

opm

ent o

f A

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DA

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P. 1

369,

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onou

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r G

ilber

t Men

sah

Ben

in22

9-33

1551

Dir

ectio

n de

s Pê

ches

, BP

383,

Cot

onou

Mr

Ben

edic

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atia

Ben

in22

9-33

0925

229-

33-0

5-19

Inte

grat

ed D

evel

opm

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f A

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oon

237-

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ches

, BP

930,

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unde

Mr.

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jock

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7-31

6049

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teur

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, BP

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delo

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ba

Mr.

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225-

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5-21

8054

Dir

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225-

5370

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by, B

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Yes

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(225

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7588

(225

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7592

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8727

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224-

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224-

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221-

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Dir

ectio

n de

l'E

leva

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t des

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hes,

BP

4041

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ome

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udon

né K

isal

ima

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song

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aire

243-

12-3

3436

234-

88-4

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Rep

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asa1

Appendix 2

Agen la of the Meeting

Opening of the Session

Adoption of the Agenda

Report of the Eighth Liaison Officers Meeting

Prpgress Report

Marine geographic information systems

Women's role in fishing communities in West Africa and the framework for detailedstudies

ARTFISH

Exchange of personal experiences of Liaison Officers

9 Work Programme for 1996

Workshop on Participatory Approaches and Traditional Fishery Management Practicesin West Africa

Other Matters

Adoption of the Report

Closing of the Meeting.


Working Documents

Report of the Eighth IDAF Liaison officer's Meeting and Action taken onRecommendations and suggestions.

Progress Report November 1994 - October 1995

Artisanal Fisheries Geographical Information system Development: FAO's Experience inWest Africa.

Role of Women in fishing Communities in West Africa and the frame work for detailedstudies.

ARIFISH and ARTSER Computer Systems A brief Technical note on their purpose andbasic functions.

Exchange of Personal Experiences of Liaison Officers

Seeking Solutions to Credit Problems of Artisanal Fisherfolks the Gambian Experience,by Momodou N'jie.

Management Committee of the Port of Lome: Instrument of promotion of the MarineArtisanal Fisheries in Togo, by A.M.Denke

"Productive Micro-Projects for Women in Cameroon (MPPF-CAM)", by Monique Bondja

Integrated Programme for the Discovery of New Artisanal Fishing Zones and ShortRefresher Course for Women Processors in the CACINE AREA (Tombali Region), byDomingo de Barros.

A Personal Field Extension and Research Experience, by 0.F. Adebiyi

Field Extension and Research Experiences from Sierra Leone, by A.C.V. Fordd

Paper by the National Director of Maritime Artisanal Fisheries in the Republic of Guineaat the 9th Session of IDAF Liaison Officers, by Ibrahim Sory Tour&

Initial Results fish Concentration Devices (FCD) at Sao Tome and Principe, by OlavioAnibal.

Proposed Programme of Work January-December 1996

List of Docu

Appendix 3


lu ents Submitted to the Session

WO' KING DOCUMENTS

SUBMITTED TO THE SESSION

SECTION 3


Report on the Eighth Liaison Officers' Meeting

Agenda Item 1. Opening of the session.

The eighth meeting of the liaison officers of the Programme for Integrated Developmentof Artisanal Fisheries in West Africa was held jointly with the workshop on "Seekingimprovements of fish technology" from 3 to 9 November 1994 at Mlbou Mvoumvou HotelPointe Noire, at the invitation of the government of the Congo

In the name of the Director General of FAO, Mr. J. Diouf, and of the Assistant DirectorGeneral a.i. of the FAO Fisheries Department, Mr. W. Krone, the FAO Representative inthe Congo, Mr. S. Aidara, emphasised the importance of artisanal fisheries to the Congo.He also underlined the benefits which the IDAF member countries could get from themeeting, and re-iterated the support of FAO for the promotion of artisanal fisheries in thesub-region.

The 8th Liaison Officer's Meeting was declared open by Mr. R. Ngouolali, Minister ofForestry and Fisheries of the Congo. He noted that the meeting took place at a momentwhen the Congolese artisanal fishers have become aware of the need to unite their effortsto improve both their working conditions and their living conditions. He pointed out thatthe Congo is interested in all actions which can contribute to the development of artisanalfisheries. He thanked FAO for its continuing assistance to the countries of the sub-region,and DANIDA for having renewed its financial assistance to the LDAF Programme.

Delegates of the 20 countries associated with the IDAF Programme participated in the 8thliaison officer's meeting. The list of participants is given in appendix 1. The scope ofparticipation was enlarged to include those invited to the IDAF workshop onimprovements in fish technology in West Africa.

Agenda Item 2. Adoption of the agenda.

5 Mr. D. Ebiou, Director General of Fisheries for the Congo, was unanimously electedpresident of the meeting, with Mr. O. Ndiaye of Senegal and Mr. K. Dabo of Sierra Leoneas rapporteurs.

The workshop was animated by Mr. A. Tall of INFOPECHE with Mr. F. Teutscher fromFAO Headquarters and Mr. A. Jallow of the Gambia serving as rapporteur.

7 The agenda (given in appendix 2) was adopted. Appendix 3 lists the documents presentedat the meeting, while the document's themselves are reproduced in Appendix 4.

The Secretariat for the meeting was provided by LDAF Programme personnel.


Agenda Item 3. Follow up Actions on the Recommendations of the 7th IDAF LiaisonOfficer's Meeting.

The report of the 7th liaison officer's meeting was presented to the participants for theircomments. The liaison officers expressed their satisfaction with respect to the actionstaken in response to the recommendations of the 7th liaison officer's meeting.

Guinea underlined the success of the PRA methods being used in the development andmanagement of its artisanal fisheries sector. In this context, it was recommended thatthe liaison officers encourage the utilisation of similar PRA techniques in their owncountries

Agenda Item 4. Progress Report for 1994

The progress report was presented. The liaison officers felt that, in general, the activitieswhich had been undertaken corresponded to the 1994 work plan. The Liaison officersacknowledged with thanks the assistance which had been provided by the Programme.

They also took the opportunity to express gratitude to DANIDA for its ongoing supportto EDAF and particularly for their approval of the present third phase.

13 Certain countries drew attention to the limited direct IDAF interventions in their owncountries. In response, the Secretariat recalled the Programme's criteria for interventionwhich had been established at the seventh liaison officer's meeting, and especially the roleof the liaison officers in the preparation and implementation of IDAF's work programme.

Angola indicated their regret that they had not been able to actively participate in theProgramme in the past, although they had been satisfied with the information exchangeprovided by the Programme. They wished to henceforth ,actively participate in theactivities.

The countries of the northern sub-region (from Mauritania to Sierra Leone) expressedsatisfaction with the sub-regional workshop on safety at sea. They asked the programmeto speedily disseminate the report of the meeting, as well as the completed projectproPosal. Senegal suggested fellow-countries in the sub-region to actively follow up onassuring presentation by their own governments of the safety at sea project proposal tothe sub-regional commission on fisheries.

Certain projects acknowledged the collaborative work which been done by IDAF withthem. They recommended that IDAF ensure that the final drafts of joint publications becleared by the projects concerned.


Participants stressed the importance of credit for the development of small-scale fisheries,and requested information on the status of the regional credit project proposal which wasto have been submitted to the European Union. The secretariat replied that only onecountry (Guinea) had succeeded in getting their formal request to the EU. A minimum oftwo more founal requests from the region are required by EU rules before they can takethe request under official consideration. Those countries interested were stronglyencouraged to be sure that their own requests for this programme were completed andforwarded to Brussels through the official government channels.

Several countries expressed concern with the need to restrict fishing pressure on theirlimited resources, a particularly difficult problem in artisanal fisheries. The hope wasexpressed that the participation of local users in the management process could be oneway of approaching this goal. The assistance of IDAF in developing appropriateparticipatory methodologies was requested. The Secretariat replied that collaboration onthis subject with the relevant HQ services had already been initiated. The issue will befurther discussed at the meeting of the CECAF working group on the management ofresources within the limits of national jurisdiction in Agadir, Morocco, in December 1994.

19 Countries also remarked on the problem of increasing fisherfolk populations, andexpressed their hope that education may be a useful tool in helping to deal with some ofthese problems.

A number of countries requested assistance in training for gathering and analysing fisheriesstatistics. It was pointed out that CECAF is the most appropriate forum for dealing withmatters of fisheries statistics. IDAF has been collaborating with CECAF through co-sponsoring of appropriate workshops and other activities, and will continue to do so.

The secretariat further mentioned that FAO developped and is presently carrying out inGabon a test of ART.FISH, a computerised system for processing and analysing artisanalfisheries data. Participants recommended that results of this test be disseminatedthroughout the region.

22 Participants liked the 1DAF documents, which have shown improvement with time. It wasrecommended that fiiture publications should start with an executive summary. Liaisonofficers proposed that they themselves should also extract from IDAF publications theelements which are most relevant for their own countries, drawing the attention of theirnational decision makers to these aspects.

23. Participants also commended their colleagues who contributed to the IDAF Newsletter,and in particular on the theme of the effects of devaluation of the FCFA on artisanalfisheries in the region.


Agenda Item 5. Methodologies for assessing capital needs and availability in artisanalfisheries.

Liaison officers appreciated LDAF's initiative in addressing this important issue byestablishing a working group on this subject. Participants congratulated members of theworking group for having already undertaken case studies in Ghana and Senegal.

There was considerable discussion concerning the methodologies and other technicalissues involved in assessing capital needs and capital availability for the sub-sector.Participants expressed their desire to apply aspects of these methods in their owncountries. It was therefore recommended that the reports of the two case studies and ofthe second meeting of the working group should be finalised and distributed to membercountries as soon as possible.

It was also tecommended that consultants and IDAF fellows recruited to work incountries in the region should intimately involve the national IDAF liaison officers andnational fisheries departments concerned with all activities being carried out in theircountry of assignment.

Agenda Item 6. Fish consumption in LDAF countries.

Participants felt that this agenda item was very appropriate in view of the increasedimportance being given to food security.

28 It was requested that the implications of this study with respect to the need to meet futuredemands for fishery products be studied in greater detail.

There was lively discussion on details of the statistical information provided. The fact thatthis type of comparative study requires data from the same year for all countriescontributed to the difficulties encountered in reconciling the data.

Agenda Item 7. Artisanal Safety at Sea.

Participants re-iterated their appreciation for LDAF having organised the safety at seaworkshop in the northern region, to give them a more global view of marine safetyproblems.

31 Information was provided by participants on some of the safety activities in their owncountries.

32 Liaison officers drew attention to the particular safety needs of certain geographical areasand environments, especially inland lakes and rivers, islands, and surf landing zones.Certain countries indicated that their major source of fatalities was on inland lakes ratherthan in the marine zone, and requested appropriate technical advice.


Participants were particularly interested in the question of insurance, and wished toreceive more detailed information concerning the already operating artisanal fisheriesinsurance programmes in Senegal and Cape Verde.

Members expressed their strong need to have lists of appropriate safety equipment, andsuppliers (or local means of fabrication) and costs involved.

A number of countries requested 1DAF's assistance in developing the plans for their ownnational artisanal safety at sea programmes.

Emphasis was also placed on the need for creating awareness on the safety issue in othersub-regions of the IDAF zone.

Agenda Item 8. Empowerment of local fishing communities

37 Participants followed with interest presentations made by artisanal fishermen from Congoand Gambia on empowerment mechanisms in their respective fishing communities.

38 Liaison officers felt that these presentations gave them some concrete ideas on how todeal with some of the problems they face in their own countries with respect to migrantfishermen and local management of physical infrastructures.

The presentation on migrant fishermen highlighted both the extent of possibilities foreffective social and economic integration within the local society, and the limits on the"administrative" integration of any immigrant community. The lessons were instructiveboth for home and host countries.

The construction of infrastructure has been an important component in many fisheriesdevelopment projects, yet in very few has this infrastructure been effectively taken overand maintained by the local fishing communities after the end of the project. Thus, theexample fi-om Gambia where the local users have not only taken over and maintained, butalso extended the facilities using their own income is particularly pertinent.

The liaison officers thanked the fishermen for eloquently sharing their experiences, andrequested EDAF to continue to arrange for practising fishermen to join in their meetings.

Agenda Item 9. Work Programme for 1995

The 1995 work plan was elaborated and agreed upon based on methodology evolvedduring the 7th liaison officer's meeting.

The proposed work programme was intensively discussed. Based on comments, requestsand suggestions from liaison officers, the philosophy, structure, and thrust of the workprogramme was agreed upon with some modifications of details being incorporated.

24 IDAF Technical Repoli. N° 73

Agenda Item 10. Report of the workshop

44 The objectives of the workshop wereto update infolination on fish technology in the regionto identify possible interventions in fish handling and processing in the artisanalfisheries sector that will ensure.

increased earning capacity of fisherfolkincreased availability of fish for consumptionprotection of the environmentprotection of the health of processors and consumers

45 The list of identified interventions will serve as a guideline for all projects, programmes,etc which have an interest in fish technology in West African artisanal fisheries, includingIDAF itself, FAO's regular programme, INFOPECHE, the Regional Programme fundedby"the European Union on Improved Utilization of Artisanal Fish Catches in West Africa(ECOWAS), the Ghana/Netherlands Regional Training and Applied Research Programmeon Artisanal Fish Processing.

46 Eight papers were presented on traditional fish processing technologies and on the use ofice In addition participants gave information on fish technolog,y in their respectivecountries

47. The following recommendations were made

a Existing technologies should be the starting point for any activities on improvedtechnologies. The existing technologies should be carefully analyzed in each phaseof their operations. Furthermore, the whole range of activities from fishing toconsumption should be considered and not a single step. In this light the relationsbetween fishei men, traders and consumers should be taken into account and itshould be realised that improvements usually result in a change in productcharacteristics and price.

The active participation and commitment of the target group should be assured.

c. Fish processors and traders should have access to credit to improve their operations.

Fish processors should be sensitized on matters of health, hygiene andenvironmental protection.

e Community based agro-forestry activities should be encouraged by artisanal fisheryprojects to ensure the availability of fuelwood for fish smoking as well as fordomestic purposes.

Smoke houses should be constructed and improved so as to reduce health risksfrom smoke as well as fire hazards

g. Quality assurance programmes should be implemented in all countries. In this viewthe quality and safety of traditional products should be studied while products forexport should comply with regulations in importing countries.


The use of ice and insulated containers must be encouraged. To this effect emphasisshould be placed on training of fishermen and traders on improved handling,storage, and marketing of fresh fish while the availability of ice in artisanal fishingcentres must be assured.

Insulated containers must be adapted to specific local conditions. In general, furtherstudies must be conducted aiming at reducing their cost.

The exchange of successful experiences in fish technology will accelerate theirintroduction. This is relevant for.

bonga ovens in Gambia and Sierra Leone which are of interest for allcountries with large catches of small pelagic fish, in particular bonga,insulated containers in Senegal and Guinea, which are relevant for allcountries,ice plants in Gambia and Senegal, also of interest to all countries

Agenda Item 11. Other matters.

48 Liaison officers contributed corrections and additions to the list of relevant NGOs in theregion being compiled by IDAF, and were reminded that this roster remains open andfurther additions by Liaison Officers are encouraged.

The Secretariat thanked the liaison officers for their country papers and promised that inaddition to providing a summary, the papers would be photocopied and distributed to allliaison officers in their present form.

The government of the Republic of Congo was thanked for its hospitality.

51 The liaison officers also thanked the fishing communities of Matombi and Pointe Noirefor permitting them to better understand the fishing activities in their areas.

The liaison officers appreciated the active participation of the managers of IDAFassociated projects as well as the authors of the papers presented at the workshop.

It was agreed that the next liaison officers meeting will be held in the northern zone ofIDAF, the details to be worked out by the secretariat

Agenda Item 12. Adoption of the report

54 The liaison officers adopted the report and asked the secretariat ensure its finalisation andproceed with its distribution

Agenda Item 13. Closure of the meeting

55 The eighth EDP& liaison officers meeting was declared closed by Mi. D. Ebiou, DirectorGeneral of Fisheries of Congo


Agenda Item 4

Progress Report November 1994-October 1995

ACHIEVEMENT HIGHLIGHTS

Main technical achievements include.

organised two operational training workshops for trainers on Participatory RapidAppraisal (pRA) in Guinea (Kamsar and Kaback).

reviewed participatory mechanisms and traditional management practices in artisanalfisheries in 8 locations within the region; and organised a regional workshop on thesubject;

pursued work on Costs and Earnings in artisanal fisheries at 10 Fishing Communities inthe region;

finalized the fisheries development and management plan for Togo;

assisted in the execution of a Technical Cooperation Project on the improvement oftraditional fishing boats and training of marine carpenters in Cameroon,

set up of a Working Group to study the Role of Women in Fishing Communities andundertaking studies in 14 fishing communities on the subject;

organised the 9th Liaison Officers Meeting (LOM) in Conakry, Guinea

SUME OF OBJECTIVES

The development objective of the Programme is to ensure twenty coastal West Africancountries a sustainable development and management of their artisanal fisheries for maximumsocial and economic benefit of their fishing communities in terms of employment, proteins andearnings. This will be done through an integrated and participatory approach in which emphasiswill be laid on equity, gender issues, technology transfer, environment protection, as well as thestrengthening of human and institutional capacities.

THE IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROG AMME

1 to identify, assess and disseminate strategies and mechanisms for sustainable managementand development of the artisanal fisheries in fishing communities,

to improve the competences of national Fisheries Department staff in development andmanagement planning of artisanal fisheries,


to enhance regional technical competences in the fisheries disciplines, particularly infishing and fish technology;

to improve information and experience exchange related to artisanal fisheries within theregion;

to promote regional and sub-regional collaboration for the development and managementof artisanal fisheries.

SUMMARY OF ACHIEVEMENTS BY OBJECTIVES

Objective 1: Strategies and mechanisms for sustainable development and management ofartisanal fisheries.

Training Courses in Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA)

Two 2 weeks workshops for the training of trainers were organized for 23 participantsfrom Kaback and Kamsar in Guinea The tools and techniques learned were tested in Dougoulavillage some 21 kilometres from Kamsar.

Support to Fis erfolk Organisation

IDAF provided in-the-field support in the organisation of fisherfolks at the IntegratedRural Development project at Aguégués, Benin; the Owendo Fisheries Centre in Gabon and theKaback and Kamsar projects in Guinea.

Role of Women in Fishing Communities

Women involvement in artisanal fisheries is usually said to be significant. However, thedegree of this involvement and the role of women in fishing communities in the Region has notbeen studied in a detailed manner and on a long term basis. In this context, EDAF constituted aWorking Group of eleven eminent scientists and technicians involved in rural development towork on the subject

The Working Group held a 3 days brainstorming meeting in Cotonou, Benin, to developthe methodology and strategies to follow to analyse the role of women in fishing communities,to identify the problems women encounter and to suggest realistic and practical actions toimprove their socio-economic conditions.

The women then carried out studies in 14 different fishing communities in 8 countries ofthe Region. The outcome of their work was discussed in another meeting at which resourcepersons were invited. Among other things, participants at the meeting drew up the framework forfurther work by the Working Group.

The main thrusts of work done in this area were presented and discussed at the 9th LOMheld in Conakry, Guinea, 9-15 November 1995


Objective 2- Improve competence in development and Management Planning of artisanalfisheries.

Fisheries Development and Management Plan for Togo.

As part of the programme for the elaboration of a development and management plan forthe fishery sector, a national seminar, bringing together 60 representatives of those involved inthe fishery sector was held in Togoville 6-8 December 1995. The draft plan of Action (for thedevelopment and management of the fishery sector) that had been drawn up by a multidisciplinaryteam of international and national experts with the active involvement of economic operators anduser groups was presented and discussed at the seminar. The plan has now been finalized and willbe submitted to the appropriate Government authorities through the appropriate channels.

Participat.ory approaches and traditional Management Practices

As a follow up to the 9th LOM there was a workshop on Participatory Approaches andtraditional fishery management practices in West Africa. The workshop was animated by Dr. R.SPomeroy of ICLARM, Manila Philippines and Mr. S. Sverdrup-Jensen, IFM, Hirtshals, Denmark

The objectives of the workshop were:

i. to review existing participatory and traditional fishery management experiences in WestAfrica; and

to identify possible interventions in cataloguing and revitalizing participatory approachesin fishery management

Eight papers were presented from 9 fishing communities in 7 countries in the region. Therewas also a paper on participation approaches in community forestry in Senegal. In addition,partiCipants gave information on the situation in their respective countries.

Presentations were made by Dr. R.S. Pomeroy on "Fisheries Co-management and Small-Scale Fisheries" and Mr. S. Sverdrup-Jensen on "Analysis of Fisheries Co-managementArrangements: A Research Framework".

The following recommendations were made:

liDAF in collaboration with ICLARM and IFM should organize an international trainingworkshop at the regional level on the concepts of participative fisheries management/co-management.

IDA_F, 'FM, and ICLARM should assist their partners in the region to catalogueexperiences of participatory approaches and traditional fishery management practices;

Evaluate the impacts of on-going experiences in the Tchonvi fishing community in Beninand the Aby Lagoon in Côte d'Ivoire.


Network on Costs and Earnings in Artisanal Fisheries.

The modus operandi developed at the Dakar meeting in June 1995 was tested in the 10fishing communities and made location specific. The work is progressing well in most centres anda review meeting is planned for late February 1996 in Banjul, The Gambia.

Objective 3: Enhance Regional Competence in Fish and Fishing Technology.

Improvement of traditional boats

In 1994 IDAF helped identify a TCP project for the improvement of traditional fishingboats and the training of marine carpenters in Cameroon. The project became operational in April1995. Eight local marine carpenters have been trained and 3 boats constructed. The 3 boats werehanded over to Cameroon authorities on 19 December 1995. Mr. Gulbrandsen FAO NavalArchitect Consultant described the boats to be of excellent quality. Other field activities such astraining in and construction of insulated containers and the marketing of high value fish speciesto hotels in the major towns have started.

Improvements in fishing gear

Crab traps

Technical assistance was provided to Lagoon Aby Project in Côte d'Ivoire on the use oftraps (balances) for catching crabs (Ca

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