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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamualaikum warrahmatullahiwabarulkatuh,

We want to say thanks to Allah S.W.T because of His bounty we successfully completed the

course work assigned to us. Without his consent, we can finish our BSS 505 Building Pathology

and Control report. We also would like to express our gratitude to those who have been

instrumental in making this report.

First of all, we would like to thank to Sr Hikmah Binti Kamarudin as a Building Pathology

and Control lecture for AP2293A in University Teknologi Mara, for their support in term of

teaching or giving some material to finish this report. They has giving us a lot of information and

we feel luckily and grateful to have lecture like they to teach us.

In addition, we also want to thank our families for being the impetus for us to survive when

carries out our duties as a university student in the process of completing this task, we have to

face many problems and we depressed and almost despairing. But we were getting

encouragement and advice from our family to continue. Without encouragement from them we

will not achieve success. On the other hand, we also wish to thank all of our members for their

cooperation whether directly or indirectly in the success of making this report.

Last but not least, we also would like to extend special thanks to the all members that who

have given their undivided commitment and cooperation during making this report.

Thanks you.

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1.0 BUILDING CONTROL

1.1 What is Building Control?

Based on Wikipedia and references from internet and journals, building control is the

rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of safety for constructed objects such

as buildings and non -building structures.  The used of the building control are to protect the

public health, safety and general welfare which related to the construction and occupancy of

buildings and structures.

When we construct a buildings, extensions or alterations are being considered, most people

automatically assume that Planning Permission will be required and whilst this is often true,

there is usually much confusion in the public's mind between Planning and Building Control.

Whether or not Planning Permission is required, the work will, in most cases, have to satisfy

national Building Regulations and it is this function that is termed 'Building Control'.

Whilst Planning relates to 'use zoning' and aesthetic design, Building Control is mainly

concerned with the administration of the Building Regulations which control such matters as

structural stability, means of escape in case of fire, structural fire precautions, resistance to

moisture, sound and thermal insulation, stairways, drainage and access for disabled persons,

among other things. This form of control ensures that buildings will be safe and will not pose a

health risk to the occupants. It also ensures that buildings will be thermally efficient and

accessible to disabled persons.

Control is exercised principally in two ways, i.e by the submission of plans to the Local

Authority and by the inspection of work on site, although an increasing number of projects are

now dealt with under a simplified procedure called a Building Notice whereby control is wholly

exercised on site.

In addition to dealing with Building Regulations, most Building Control sections also

undertake a range of other duties, e.g control of dangerous structures and demolition, safety of

sports grounds, street naming and numbering etc, although these functions may vary from

Authority to Authority.

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1.2 The objectives doing the Building Control

1) Dealing with Applications :

• To give a decision on Full Plans applications within time and examine applications

and either issue a decision or request additional information or amendment within that

time,

• To examine all Building Notice applications within time to allow work to proceed,

• To examine Initial Notices from approved inspectors and issue a decision within

effective time.

2) Carry out Inspections on Site :

• To inspect works under construction at the appropriate stage, as requested, to achieve

compliance with the Building Regulations,

• To ensure that any inspection of work requested is carried out at the requested period

and time,

• To accept requests for inspection of works other than commencement and completion

notices,

• To issue a certificate of completion following a final inspection when all work has been

satisfactorily inspected and completed in accordance with the Building Regulations.

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3) Inspect Dangerous Structures and Demolitions :

• To carry out inspection on dangerous structures if possible within a few hours of

notification and always on the same day,

• To serve notices of demolition within specific time of the notification of intent,

4) Provide advice :

• Providing advices to applicants and other enquirers on matters appertaining to the

Building Regulations.

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2.0 LOCAL AUTHORITY

2.1 Introduction to Local Authority

The local government or local authority (Malay: kerajaan tempatan or pihak berkuasa

tempatan (PBT)) is the lowest level in the system of government in Malaysia—after federal and

state. It has the power to collect taxes (in the form of assessment tax), to create laws and rules (in

the form of by-laws) and to grant licenses and permits for any trade in its area of jurisdiction, in

addition to providing basic amenities, collecting and managing waste and garbage as well as

planning and developing the area under its jurisdiction.

Local governments are generally under the exclusive purview of the state governments as

provided in the Constitution of Malaysia, except for local governments in the federal territories.

The federalMinistry of Housing and Local Government plays a role in coordinating and

standardizing the practices of local governments across the country.

Local governments are usually referred to as councils (majlis), headed by a civil servant

with the title President (Yang Di-Pertua) for rural districts and municipalities, and Mayor (Datuk

Bandar) for cities, though there are a few exceptions in the form of "special and modified local

authorities". Councillors are appointed by the state governments.

Local government areas are distinct from the districts, which are mainly for land

administration purposes. In rural areas, the jurisdiction area of local governments largely

correspond to the district boundaries. However, in urbanized areas, local government areas may

not be consistent with the district boundaries and may overlap with adjoining districts, as

municipal or city boundaries usually do not conform to district boundaries.

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2.2 Types of Local Government Prior

In total, there were 6 types of local government prior to the 1973 restructuring exercise.

The total number of local councils in Malaysia then was 418. The types were :

I. City Council

II. Municipal Council

III. Town Council

IV. Town Board

V. Rural District Council

V. Local Council

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2.3 Background Of Local Authority

2.3.1 Shah Alam City Council

2.3.1.1 Background

Before 1963, Shah Alam was known as Sungai Renggam and was a palm oil plantation

which was situated between Petaling Jaya and Bandar Diraja Klang while being connected

through the only highway at that time, the Federal Highway.

Malaysia grew rapidly after its independence in 1957 under the ‘Father of

Modernization', the second Prime Minister of Malaysia, Allahyarham Tun Abdul Razak Hussein.

Shah Alam was opened in 1963 with the purpose of making it the administrative center of

Selangor once Kuala Lumpur was made a Federal District on February 1st, 1974. With the

consent of 8th DYMM Sultan of Selangor, Almarhum Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-

Haj on December 7th, 1978, Shah Alam was proclaimed the capital of Selangor with an area of

41.68 square km. Shah Alam had encountered several processes of extending its areas and the

last was on January 1st 1997. Through the Gazette Plan 1190, Shah Alam was extended to 293

square km.

The rapid growth of Shah Alam and its evident importance had  upgraded its status  to be

declared a city on October 10th 2000. This declaration was officiated by YAB Dato'Seri Dr

Mohamad Khir Toyo, 13th Chief Minister of Selangor. Shah Alam, which had been administered

by the Shah Alam Municipal Council Authoritative Party since 1978, was automatically given

the status of Shah Alam City Council. With a population density of 450,000, Shah Alam targets

an additional growth of population to 700,000 by 2010 as a result from a nationwide migration of

populace aside from the increasing number of births.

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2.3.1.2 Policy, Vision, and Mission

POLICYExellence

VISIONTo transform Shah Alam into a quality, peaceful, conducive and renown city.

MISSIONEnhancing the service Delivery System and administration of MBSA as an efficient, effective,

competent and dynamic towards excellence.

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2.3.1.3 The Objectives of Shah Alam City Council

The Objectives of the Shah Alam City Council are to:

To generate Shah Alam into a clean, beautiful, lively and a safe city. To ascertain a

systematic controlled planning and development, enhancing consistent development

and to activate a long term economic growth for local and foreign

invester/businessman.

To ensure effective and consistent maintenance culture.

Towards a peaceful and prosperous city

Balanced social and physical development

Maintain and conserve the environment for a comfortable and peaceful living of Shah

Alam’s citizen and the future generation.

Provide a conducive environment for industrial, business and tourism growth.

Turning Shah Alam into a development and excellent educational centre.

Providing conducive and comfortable environment for the disable ‘OKU’ and golden

citizen ‘warga emas’.

Efficient, integrity and courteous service

Ensuring a competent, committed personnel with integrity.

Customer focus in providing efficient, accurate, sincere and continuously effective s

ervice.

Cultivate the usage information technology culture in all services

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2.3.1.4 Organization Chart Of Shah Alam City Council

Table 1: Organization Chart Of MBSA

Mayor

Ybhg Dato, Mohd Jaafar bin Mohd Atan

The Deputy of Mayor

Tuan Mokhtar Bin Mazlan

Deputy Secretary

Hj Roslan Bin Idrus

Finance Department

Hj Roslan Idrus

Planning Department

Nurul Shima Abdulrahman

Building Department

Hjh Rose Zairani Marmuji

Engineering

Department

Tender And Contracts

Departmant

Norani Amat

Management Services Department

Hj.Jasmi Basmi

Information & Communication

Shamsiah Osman

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2.3.2 Sepang Municipal Council

2.3.2.1 Background

THE SEPANG MUNICIPAL COUNCIL is tasked with the responsibility of providing

services and basic amenities to all Sepang residents under the 1976 Local Government Act (Act

171). As a local municipal council, SEPANG MUNICIPAL COUNCIL is also responsible over

the Development Plan and Community Service Plan.

During its infancy, Majlis Perbandaran Sepang was known as the Sepang Town Board

and was later known as Sepang District Board. Sepang District Board. On 13th November 2002

the Executive Committee of Selangor has upgraded the board's status to Sepang Municipal

Council; as certified by the Election Committee in an official letter dated 7 May 2004 and also

by the Ministry of Housing and Local Government on 19th March 2004.

The increase of jurisdiction for Sepang Municipal Council was formalized on the 3rd of

March 2005. To date, the jurisdiction of MPSepang encompasses an area of 56,150 square

hectares (excluding the area three nautical miles from point of low tide).

A splendorous proclamation ceremony ensued, which was was held at the Sepang

Municipal Stadium in Bandar Baru Salak Tinggi in full Malay ceremonial regalia. This

ceremony was officiated by HRH Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah, the Sultan of Selangor on 13th

December 2005.

The district of Sepang is the youngest district for the state of Selangor Darul Ehsan. It is

situated in the southern parts of Selangor Darul Ehsan, bordering on the Hulu Langat, Kuala

Langat and Petaling districts. The district of sepang also borders with Bandar Baru Nilai and the

state of Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus.

 

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When viewed from above, the Sepang district is shaped like the head of a keris,

elongating towards the south from Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) with the Kuala Lumpur-

Seremban Highway at the eastern border till the village of Sungai Buah or Bukit Unggul. On its

western end is the Kuala Langat district while the Petaling district is its northen neighbor. On its

south, the district of Sepang opens towards the Malacca Straits.

The earliest account has it that the name of Sepang was taken from a type of tree which

grows in abundance in the district; the Sepang tree. During its inception, Sepang was comprised

of the smaller parishes from the Kuala Langat (Sepang and Labu) and Hulu Langat (Dengkil)

districts, and on the 1st of January 1975 this combination of these parishes were officially known

as the district of Sepang..

During its early days, the administrative centre of Sepang was situated in the town of

Sepang. But when the Federal Government selected Sepang to house the Kuala Lumpur

International Airport (KLIA), it was relocated to Bandar Baru Salak Tinggi which is now also

known as the Airport City. And on 15 April 2008, Sepang Municipal Council moved to its new

home in Cyberjaya.

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2.3.2.2 Policy, Vision, and Mission

POLICY

"We are committed to continuously implement 5S in the culture of teamwork and discipline to

improve service quality, clean, safe and meet customer satisfaction."

VISION

To provide a peaceful, developed and modern municipality based on a meticulous planning, firm

and fair enforcement policies, and a noble and professional work ethic in order to make Majlis

Perbandaran Sepang an internationally-recognized municipal council.

MISSION

To provide quality services by practicing a noble and professional work ethic in order to provide

a high standard of living conditions.

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2.3.2.3 The Objectives Of Sepang Municipal Council

To become an internationally recognized and certified municipal council. The Objectives

of Sepang Municipal Council :

 1. To plan the development of Sepang in an orderly and balanced manner.

2. To provide up-to-date facilities that cater to the local socio-economic

development.

3. To provide a thorough hygiene, health and contagious diseases supervision.

4. To develop scenic and eye-pleasing landscapes all over Sepang.

5. To improve the quality and transparency of the Council's financial

management and accounting capabilities.

6. To cultivate a work culture that is driven by the latest development in

information technology.

7. To license all business and hawker activities and advertisements in Sepang.

8. To establish a fruitful relationship with local residents through planning;

and social and cultural activities.

9. To continually improve and accelerate administrational processes through

excellent staff service, positive values and a high level of integrity.

10. To enforce municipal regulations and by-laws firmly and fairly

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2.3.2.4 The Organization Chart Of Sepang Municipal Council

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2.3.3 Kajang Municipal Council

2.3.3.1 Background

Kajang and its surrounding areas is a sub-district located within the Hulu Langat District

in the state of Selangor. It is situated approximately 14 miles southeast of Kuala Lumpur. From

Kuala Lumpur, Kajang can be reached by roads and rails. Kajang is also linked with Putrajaya,

the National Administrative Centre and Cyberjaya, the National Multimedia City. On its west is

situated Puchong town, Batu 3 and Klang. Basically Kajang consists of a number of Malay,

Chinese and Indian settlements.

The village areas largely are populated by Malays. The Chinese settlement pattern is

scattered around Kajang town. While rubber plantation areas are inhabited by settlers of Indian

descents. If viewed from its topographical perspective, Kajang sub-District is located on a

highland area which is approximately 76,250 cm from the sea level. Most of its landscape is hilly

filled with mountains. Its flatlands can be found at river-basins such as Sungai Langat, Sungai

Bangi, Sungai Semenyih and Sungai Chua. These areas are the early settlements explored in the

Sub-district of Kajang. 

The traditional Malay communities were known to open up settlements at river valleys or

river basins especially in the valleys of Sungai Bernam, Sungai Selangor, Sungai Klang, Sungai

Langat and Sungai Lukut. The definition of Selangor actually refers to the five river basins of

these rivers. At the time the river was regarded as the connecting route for settlements. These

river valleys were very fertile for farming and suitable for the farmers who were dependant on

the land. They also carried out fishing activities.

The existence of Kajang also predicates upon these factors. There are a number of oral

stories regarding the early explorations of Kajang Town and its surrounding areas. According to

the elders, before the coming of outside settlers, Kajang and its surrounding areas were once the

residence of the Orang Asli community from the Temuan sub-tribe. According to a local

historian En. Shahabudin Ahmad, Kajang was explored in 1709 by the Orang Asli who were

based in Klang. During that time, Klang was ruled by Orang Asli with their leader called Batin

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Seri Alam. This leader administered in Klang as at the time the forests were the administration

centres for the Orang Asli community. Klang had its own territories administered by the 3 sons

of Batin Seri Alam.

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2.3.3.2 Vision, and Mission

Mission

To create a comfortable, safe, developed and active (SeSMA) municipality to cater for the

customers based on the work culture of Friendly, Swift, Precise, Convenient, Efficient and

Effective (MCTMEE).

Vision

MPKj as the ideal Local Authority in Malaysia.

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2.3.3.3 The Objectives Of ajang Municipal Council

Objectives :

1. Modernize administration management toward eletronic government (EG)

and applying MS ISO 9001:2008

2. Financial management that efficient, effective, and accountability.

3. Responsible toward area planning and making sure the development of land use,

social and safe environment, beauty and comfortable toward established

development.

4. Create a beauty city environment and also sustain the natural beauty at the same

time for the residence comfort and to encourage tourism.

5. Provide standardize plan and building rules based on social quality design.

6. Plan and execute development program and infrastructural maintenance and

public facility .

7. Involves with non government organization (NGO) in development and social

activity.

8. Provide quality municipal service (waste management and area cleaning) that

efficient and effective.

9. Realize Kajang as the Malaysia Ultimate Satay Centre that internationally

approved based on quality service by research and development that

consistent and also to create a Sate Galery that show documents and history

of Satay.

10. Encourage controllable business activity that fulfill the license rules.

11. Create legal and enforcement system that fair and effective.

12. Create an evaluation system that fair and dynamic.

13. Creat property and investment management that efficient and balance.

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2.3.3.4 The Organization Chart Of Kajang Municipal Council

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2.3.4 SUBANG JAYA MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

2.3.4.1 Background

Majlis Perbandaran Subang Jaya or Subang Jaya Municipal Council (MPSJ) is a

local authority which is in charge of the Subang Jaya city and the southern parts of Petaling

district. This agency is under Selangor state government. MPSJ are responsible for the public's

health and sanitation, waste removal and management, town planning, environmental protection

and building control, social and economic development and general maintenance functions of

urban infrastructure. The MPSJ headquarters is located in USJ 5, Subang Jaya.

Subang Jaya Municipal Council (MPSJ) was established in accordance with the Local

Government Act 1976 (Act 171) under Section 4. Previously declared as MPSJ, it is known as

Petaling District Council. In 1994, the State Government has decided to upgrade the Petaling

District Council to the Subang Jaya Municipal Council.

The purpose of this upgrade is to reorganize the administrative organization to pressure

on the physical, social, economic and environmental sustainability. Selangor Government

Gazette No. 62, Subang Jaya Municipal Council was gazetted on January 2, 1997 according to a

gazette in 1192 with the spaciousness site of 16.180 hectares and is divided into seven (7) Block

Planning in accordance with the Local Plan Subang Jaya Municipal Council in 2020 (RTMPSJ

2020), namely: -

a) Planning Block 1 (Subang Jaya - USJ);

b) Planning Block 2 (Subang Hi - Tech);

c) Planning Block 3 (Putra Heights);

d) Planning Block 4 (Kinrara);

e) Planning Block 5 (Puchong);

f) Planning Block 6 (Bandar Putra Permai) and

g) Planning Block 7 (Seri Kembangan)

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2.3.4.1.1 Geographical position of Subang Jaya Municipal Council

Subang Jaya Municipal Council (MPSJ) is one of the Local Authority, located in the Klang

Valley Region. Total area covers 161.8 square miles. It consists of two (2) sub-district of Mukim

Damansara and Petaling District.

MPSJ position is strategic because it borders the Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL), Shah Alam

City Council (MBSA), Petaling Jaya City Council (MBPJ) and the Klang Municipal Council

(MPK).

2.3.4.1.2 Usage information Subang Jaya Municipal Council Area

Current land use in accordance with Local Plan 2020 Subang Jaya Municipal Council (RTMPSJ

2020) which was enacted on May 27, 2010 in gazette number 1566, specifying the largest land

use is for residential land use covering an area of 2,996.99 hectares of 18:52% of the overall

spaciousness of MPSJ. This was followed by industrial land use area of 989.13 hectares (6:11%),

commerce and services covering 495.05 hectares (3:06%), and institutional and community

facilities covering 1,847.85 hectares (11:42%).

MPSJ will continue to take steps to develop this as a modern township Municipal Smart,

Business and Residential City Ideal for achieving the vision and mission based municipal-

friendly governance, efficiency and integrity. It is in line with the development of Subang Jaya

Municipal Strategic Plan 2012 - 2015 and its branding as "The Vibrant City"

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2.3.4.2 The Tagline, and Mission of MPSJ

Tagline MPSJ

Smart Municipal, Business and Residential City Dream

Vision MPSJ

Become international top LA based Smart Town, City Ideal Business and Residential

MPSJ mission

Managing international municipal services towards making peace municipality, smart and

dynamic by 2020

Quality Policy MPSJ

"We are concerned and committed to provide optimum service and excellence to all customers

through the concept of continuous improvement approach based on the application of a quality

management system established to become a leading local authorities in Malaysia in terms of

municipal services, landscape management, tax assessment, revenue collection, enforcement

legislation, infrastructure maintenance, development planning, recreational and social services

with dedication, efficiency and integrity "

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2.3.4.3 The Organization Chart of Subang Jaya Municipal Council

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5.0 REFERENCES

5.1 List of References

http://www.lanecove.nsw.gov.au

http://umrefjournal.um.edu.my

http://thestar.com.my/news/story

http://buildingsurvey.blogspot.com

http://www.mpkj.gov.my

http://ocps.mpsj.gov.my

http://www.mbsa.gov.my/

http://www.mpsepang.gov.my/

Drainage, Street, And Building 1974 (Act 133)