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IS I RT Z IS S ZRVR 6

saqarTvelos Sida kanonmdebloba 7

S RTV S V I I IS T S RT S RIS S RT IS ST RT IS T X 8

2006 wlis agvisto: gaeros qalebis mimarT yvela saxis diskriminaciis aRkveTis komitetis (CEDAW) daskvniTi dakvirvebebi 9

S RTV SI IS I RT J X RI Z IS Z I I 12

problemis masStabi 12

ojaxuri Zaladobis tipebi da misi socialuri konteqsti 15 sacolis motaceba 17

ra uSlis xels Zaladobis mankieri wris darRvevas 17 ojaxuri Zaladoba, rogorc "ojaxis saqme" 17 policiis reagireba 20 jandacvis sistema 23 TavSesafrebis saWiroeba 25 moZaladeTa wesad qceuli dausjeloba 27 samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoeba 32 problemis grZelvadiani mogvarebis SesaZleblobebis ukmaroba 34

R CI I 37


saqarTvelo: aTasobiT mdumare msxverpli. ojaxuri Zaladoba qalebis mimarT.

Sesavali “TiTqos es wlebi cixeSi gametarebinos"

nino 1 17 wlis iyo, roca gaTxovda. qorwilis Semdeg qmarma nino aiZula Tavi daenebebina musikaluri skolisaTvis, sadac is violinoze dakvras swavlobda. megobrebTan Sexvedrac aukrZala. rodesac ojaxs finansuri problemebi Seeqmna, meuRlem ninos violino gauyida. "mudmivad mirekavda da mamowmebda, saxlSi Tu viyavi. amave dros, Tavis Tavs yvelafris uflebas aZlevda: yovelTvis axali sayvareli yavda," uambobda nino saerTaSoriso amnistias. misi naambobis Tanaxmad, qmari arasodes aZlevda fuls. "CvenTvis saWmels ki yidulobda, magram aviwydeboda, rom tansacmelic gvWirdeboda. am mxriv Cemi mSoblebi gvexmarebodnen", ambobs nino. man saerTaSoriso amnistias mouTxro, Tu rogor xSirad scemda mas qmari, xolo rodesac samuSao dakarga da sma daiwyo, colis cemas umata. ninos TqmiT, rodesac is meore bavSvze iyo fexmZimed, qmarma mas mucelSi Caartya. Tan daamata, rom es bavSvi mas ar undoda da Tuki bavSvi biWi ar iqneboda, sayvarelTan gadavidoda sacxovreblad. Tumca, biWis dabadebis Semdegac cema ar Sewyvetila. cCemis Sedegad nino orjer waiyvanes saavadmyofoSi. rodesac saavadmyofoSi hkiTxes, Tu saidan hqonda dalurjebebi da ratom dakarga goneba, ninom upasuxa, rom es SemTxveviT mouvida. nino arasodes dakavSirebia policias, radgan eSinoda, rom es qmris agresias gaaZlierebda da mas moklavda. rodesac ninom qmars ganucxada, rom Svilebis aRzrdas gaagrZelebda, magram masTan sqesobrivi kavSiri aRar surda, qmarma colis sistematiuri gaupatiureba daiwyo. nino gamosavals ver xedavda. ”vloculobdi, sxvagan gadasuliyo. Cven mis binaSi vcxovrobdiT, amitom me versad wavidodi. me da Cemi Svilebi quCaSi aRmovCndebodiT." rodesac mesame bavSvs elodeboda, ninom mSoblebs sTxova, rom maTTan gadasuliyo. mSoblebma sapasuxod sTxoves, gaeZlo am mdgomareobisaTvis, radgan misi da bavSvebis rCena ar SeeZloT. "cemisagan mudmivad mawuxebda Tavistkivili da sul dalurjebuli viyavi. bavSvebs rom ar eSvelaT, albaT momklavda", ixsenebs nino. 20 wlis erTad cxovrebis Semdeg ninos meuRle sayvarelTan gadavida sacxovreblad. ”rom wavida, Tavi isev qalad, kvlav adamianad vigrZeni. saocari Tavisuflebis SegrZneba mqonda imis miuxedavad, rom bavSvebis gamosakvebi fulic ki ar mqonda", ambobda nino. mogvianebiT man Seityo, rom misi yofili qmari axla am qalsac scems.

1 namdvili saxeli Secvlilia.

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msoflios sxva qveynebis msgavsad, saqarTveloSic, aTasobiT qali aris sistematuri ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli. maT scemen, aupatiureben da zogierT SemTxvevaSi klaven kidec. gacilebiT mets uxdeba fsiqologiuri Zaladobasa da ekonomiur kontrolis atana.

saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier gaeros qalebis mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvris komitetisadmi (CEDAW) wardgenili bolo angariSis mixedviT, "ojaxuri Zaladoba saqarTveloSi erT-erTi yvelaze metad gavrcelebuli problemaa". 2 qalebis garda, xSirad, Zaladobis msxverpli ojaxis sxva wevrebic xdebian, magaliTad moxucebi da bavSvebi. Tumca saqarTvelos mTavrobis am dokumentSi aRiarebs ojaxSi Zaladobis yvela formis aRmosafxvrelad nabijebis gadadgmis aucileblobas, dokumenti ZiriTadad exeba qalebis mimarT qmrebisa da sxva intimuri partniorebis, an yofili partniorebis mier Zaladobas, romelic ufro xSirad ojaxuri Zaladobis an intimuri partnioris mxridan Zaladobis saxeliT ixsenieba.

sxva sakiTxebTan erTad, saerTaSoriso amnistia SeSfoTebulia saqarTveloSi ojaxur ZaladobaSi damnaSaveTa sayovelTao dausjelobiT; arasakmarisia ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplebze gamiznuli RonisZiebebi da samsaxurebi, rac moicavs droebiTi TavSesafrebis, adeqvaturi da usafrTxo ganTavsebis SesaZleblobebs; ar arsebobs ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebisas sxvadasxva uwyebaTa Soris (rogoricaa jandacvis muSakebi, krizis-centrebi, iuridiuli daxmarebis centrebi da samarTaldamcavi organoebi) qmediTi urTierT-mimarvis sistema; ar arsebobs savaldebulo saxelmwifo sawvrTneli programebi policiis, prokurorebis, mosamarTleebisa da medpersonalisaTvis; aseve jerjerobiT ver xerxdeba sakvanZo uwyebebis - samarTaldamcavi organoebis da sasamarTloebis - mier ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebis sistematuri dafiqsireba, imgvari sando da yovlismomcveli statistikuri monacemebis Segroveba, romlebic asaxavda msxverplsa da damnaSaves Soris arsebul kavSirsa da maT sqess.

saerTaSoriso amnistia Tvlis, rom saqarTvelos parlamentis mier 2006 wlis 25 maiss miRebuli saqarTvelos kanoni ojaxSi Zaladobis aRkveTis, ojaxSi Zaladobis msxverplaTa dacvisa da daxmarebis Sesaxeb (kanoni ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb), romelic arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan intensiuri konsultaciebis Sedegad

2 pasuxebi meore da mesame perioduli angariSebis erTian ganxilvasTan dakavSirebul kiTxvebze. saqarTvelo. 2006 wlis 13 ivlisi. gaeros dokumentebi. CEDAW/C/GEO/Q/3/Add.1, gv. 7.

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Seiqmna, mniSvnelovani win gadadgmuli nabijia - saxelmwifos mier ojaxuri Zaladobis aRmofxvrisa da Zaladobis msxverplTa dacvis valdebulebis Sesrulebis mimarTulebiT. kanonis gancxadebuli miznebi moicavs – “uzrunvelyos TanamSromloba sxvadasxva institutebs Soris ojaxSi Zaladobis Tavidan acilebisa da mis winaaRmdeg brZolis mizniT” da “uzrunvelyos ojaxSi Zaladobis msxerplTaTvis mrTlmsajulebis xelmisawvdomoba”. 3 kanoni, pirvelad saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis praqtikaaSi, ganmartavs ojaxur Zaladobas. garda amisa, kani qmnis damcavi da Semakavebeli orderebis gacemis iuridiul safuZvels, da xazs usvams ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTaTvis droebiTi TavSesafrebis, xolo moZaladeTaTvis sareabilitacio centrebis daarsebis aucileblobas.4 kanonis Tanaxmad, misi gamoqveynebidan oTxi Tvis ganmavlobaSi mTavroba daamtkicebs specialur gegmas, romliTac ganisazRvreba kanonis cxovrebaSi gasatareblad saWiro zomebi da RonisZiebebi. am konteqstSi, angariSis momzadebis droisaTvis, arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mniSvnelovani TanamonawileobiT muSavdeboda “ojaxuri Zaladobis aRkveTisa da ojaxuri Zaladobis prevenciis TvalsazrisiT gasatarebel RonisZiebaTa 2006-2008 wlebis samoqmedo gegmis” samuSao varianti. es teksti, romelic erTerTma adgilobrivma arasamTavrobo organizaciam

3 muxli 2. kanonze muSaobisas saerTaSoriso amnistiam gamoiyena araoficialuri Targmani, radgan am brifingis momzadebis droisTvis kanonmdeblobis oficialuri Targmani ar iyo xelmisawvdomi. 4 Tumca saerTaSoriso amnistia miesalmeba saerabilitacio centrebis gaxsnis mcdelobas, aucilebelia aseTma centrebma imoqmedon mkafio wesdebis safuZvelze, romelic SeTanxmebuli iqneba msxverplebTan da sqesobrivi Zaladobis sakiTxebze advokatirebis sferoSi CarTul mxareebTan, maTi muSaoba ki regularuli monitoringis qveS unda mimdinareobdes, radgan am droisaTvis ar aris sandod dadasturebuli, rom damnaSaveebTan momuSave programebi maT qcevaSi mudmiv cvlilebas aRweven. seriozuli danaSaulis SemTxvevaSi, sareabilitacio centrma ar unda Secvalos sisxlis samarTlis farglebSi dadebuli sasjeli. amgvari centrebi qalebis mimarT Zaladobis aRmofxvris ufro farTo samoqmedo programis nawili unda Seadgendnen, da unda sTavazobdnen iseT momsaxurebas, romelic ar Seuwyobs xels Zaladobas, daexmareba cvlilebas da pasuxs agebinebs moZalades Tavis saqcielisaTvis. Zaladoba ar unda iyos martivad aRqmuli, rogorc mxolod alkoholizmis an sxva xelSemwyobi garemoebis mier gamowveuli qmedeba, aramed rogorc Zaladobrivi da makontrolebeli qceviTi sistema, romlis Sekavebac unda iswavlos moZaladem. qalebi ar unda agebdnen pasuxs maTi partniorebis mier Zaladobis gamovlinebis gamo, ar SeiZleba maTi iZuleba miiRon monawileoba Sesarigebel SexvedrebSi moZaladeebTan da isini ar unda ganicdidnen zewolas urTierTobis SenarCunebis mizniT.

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miawoda saerTaSoriso amnistias, akonkretebs, Tu romeli dainteresebuli mxareebi - maT Soris samTavrobo uwyebebi da arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, iqnebian pasuxismgebelni samoqalaqo cnobierebis amaRlebis, ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTa dacvisa da daxmarebis strategiebis aRsrulebaze, moamzadeben damatebiT sakanonmdeblo bazas, da Seafaseben biujetSi Sesatan cvlilebebs.

bevri iqneba damokidebuli kanonisa da ““ojaxuri Zaladobis aRkveTisa da ojaxuri Zaladobis prevenciis TvalsazrisiT gasatarebel RonisZiebaTa 2006-2008 wlebis samoqmedo gegmis”” Sesrulebaze. saerTaSoriso amnistia gegmavs am procesis monitorings. miRebuli kanonis erTerTi sisuste imaSi mdgomareobs, rom Tumca is msxverplTaTvis droebiTi TavSesafrebis daarsebas iTvaliswinebs, am muxlis ZalaSi Sesvla 2008 wlisTvis aris gadadebuli.5

2006 wlis TebervalSi parlamentis mier kanonis pirveli mosmenis dros gamarTul debatebSi, rac televiziiT gadaica, bevrma parlamentarma dacinvisa da xumrobis sagnad aqcia ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxi da Sesabamisi kanoni. maTi saqcielidan cxadi gaxda, rom qalebis mimarT diskriminacia kvlav Rrmadaa gamjdari sazogadoebaSi. saerTaSoriso amnistia aseve SeSfoTebulia imiT, rom warsulSi ojaxuri Zaladobis winaaRmdeg saxelmwifo programebis, - rogoricaa “ojaxuri Zaladobis aRkveTisa da ojaxuri Zaladobis prevenciis TvalsazrisiT gasatarebel RonisZiebaTa 2006-2008 wlebis samoqmedo gegma” da saqarTvelos mier gaeros qalebis mimarT yvela saxis diskriminaciis aRkveTis konvenciiT aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb perioduli angariSis ganxilvis Semdeg 1999 wlis ivlisSi CEDAW-is mier warmodgenili daskvniTi rekomendaciebi, - Sesruleba seriozuli xarvezebiT warimarTa. 6 magaliTad, jerac ar arsebobs kanonmdebloba, romelic danaSaulebrivad gamoacxadebs qorwinebaSi Cadenil gaupatiurebas; saxelmwifos ar moumzadebia samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromlebisa da uwyebebisaTvis ojaxuri Zaladobis sferoSi regularuli da safuZvliani wvrTnis sistema; saxelmwifo moxeleebis mier ar Seugrovebula sruli statistikuri informacia ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb.

organizacias miaCnia, rom iseTi sistemis dasanergavad, romelic uzrunvelyofs qalebis dacvas da mimarTuli iqneba ojaxuri Zaladobis aRkveTisken, aucilebelia Zlieri politikuri neba da xelisuflebis mier SeTanxmebuli moqmedebebi. am sferoSi saqarTvelos

5 moZaladeTaTvis sareabilitacio centrebis Seqmnac 2008 wlamdea gadavadebuli. 6 erovnuli samoqmedo gegmis vada Tavdapirvelad 2002 wels iwureboda, Tumca, 2003 wlis ianvarSi, prezidentis gankargulebiT is 2005 wlamde gagrZelda.

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mier aRebuli saerTaSoriso valdebulebebis Sesruleba unda iqces adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sferoSi mTavrobis erTerT prioritetad. saerTaSoriso principebis ganxorcielebis strategiebis SemuSavebisas da maTi saqarTvelos konteqstisaTvis morgebisas aucilebelia saqarTvelos mTavrobis TanamSromloba ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxebze momuSave adgilobriv arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan.

sadReisod, saqarTveloSi ojaxuri Zaladobis prevenciasa da msxverplTa dacvasTan dakavSirirebul ZiriTad saqmianobas arasamTavrobo organizaciebi axorcieleben, romlebic saxelmwifosagan praqtikulad aranair finansur an sxva saxis materialur daxmarebas ar iReben. maTi saqmianoba moicavs iuridiul daxmarebas, ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTa fsiqologiur da sxva saxis mxardaWeras; Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis Sesaxeb diskusiebis wamowyebasa da maTSi monawileobas; samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromelTa da samedicino personalisaTvis ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb sawvrTneli kursebis Catarebas, agreTve am problemis garSemo sazogadoebrivi cnobierebis amaRlebas.

piradi usafrTxoebis dacvis mizniT, winamdebare angariSSi moxseniebul ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpl qalTa saxelebi Secvlilia. aseve Secvlilia yvela iseTi detali, ramac SeiZleba maTi amocnoba gaaadvilos. erTaderTi gamonakliss wearmoadgens saqme, sadac qalis qmari gardaicvala. imis gamo, rom usafrTxo da xelmisawvdomi TavSesafari ar arsebobs, xolo qalebs ar aqvT SesaZlebloba damoukideblad irCinon Tavi, angariSSi moxseniebuli ramdenime qali agrZelebs moZalade partniorTan cxovrebas da maTi vinaobis gamovlenis SemTxvevaSi isini SurisZiebis safrTxis winaSe aRmoCndebian. winamdebare dokumentSi moyvanili SemTxveveebis Sesaxeb informacia nawilobriv mopovebulia 2006 wlis aprilSi saerTaSoriso amnistiis faqtebis momZiebeli vizitis farglebSi Catarebuli interviuebidan, zogi SemTxveva ki mowodebulia Semdegi qarTuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier: qalTa sakonsultacio centri "saxli", erovnuli qseli “Zaladobisagan dacva”, konstituciur uflebaTa dacvis centri, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia, da “safari”.

saerTaSoriso amnistias esmis, rom Zlieri da urTierTmxardamWeri ojaxuri urTierTobebi qarTuli kulturis Zireul faseulobas warmoadgens. winamdebare angariSis meSveobiT saerTaSoriso amnistiis mier ganxorcielebuli ojaxuri Zaladobis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli kampaniis mizania xeli Seuwyos adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis

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mcdelobas, daexmaron Zaladobis qveS mcxovreb mraval qals miiRos sazogadoebisa da mTavrobis mxardaWera, rasac saboloo jamSi unda mohyves Zaladobisagan Tavisufali sazogadoebis Camoyalibeba. saqarTveloSi ojaxur Zaladobaze yuradRebis gamaxvilebiT saerTaSoriso amnistia ar acxadebs, rom qalebis mimarT Zaladoba saqarTvelosaTvis gansakuTrebiT damaxasiaTebelia, an rom saqarTveloSi is ufro gavrcelebulia, vidre sxva qveynebSi. mravali saxelmwifosadmi miZRvnil Tavis angariSebSi saerTaSoriso amnistiam daasabuTa – evropis farglebSi - albaneTSi, safrangeTSi, ruseTSi, espaneTSi, SvedeTSi, TurqeTsa da did britaneTSi – rom qmrebisa da partniorebis mxridan qalebis mimarT Zaladoba xorcieldeba miuxedavad maTi cxovrebis adgilisa, an maTi socialuri statusisa.

es da sxva angariSebi nawilia saerTaSoriso amnistiis kampaniisa - "Sewydes Zaladoba qalebis mimarT", romelic 2004 wlis martSi wamoiwyo. 7 es globaluri kampania aaSkaravebs msoflios mravali qveynis warumateblobas Tavidan aicilon, gamoiZion da dasajon qalebze Zaladoba. xSirad Zaladoba ganixileba, rogorc qalebsa da mamakacebs Soris urTierTobis norma, an is gamarTlebulamiiCneva eWvianobis, Rirsebis dacvis an tradiciis safuZvelze. saerTaSoriso amnistias miaCnia, rom vercerTi am faqtorTagani, da verc raime sxva argumenti, ver amarTlebs qalebis mimarT Zaladobas. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis samarTlebrivi normebi da standartebi xazs usvams imas, rom qalebis mimarT Zaladoba adamianis uflebaTa yovlad dauSvebeli darRvevaa da yoveli saxelmwifo valdebulia miiRos zomebi amgvari Zaladobisagan qalebis dasacavad da damnaSaveTa dasasjelad.

qalebis mimarT Zaladobis gansazRvreba CEDAW-is Tanaxmad, genderuli Zaladoba qalebis mimarT diskriminaciulia, radgan is "mimarTulia qalis mimarT, swored imitom, rom igi qalia" da "is araproporciulad mimarTulia qalebis winaaRmdeg".8

qalebis mimarT Zaladobis aRmofxvris gaeros deklaracia qalebis mimarT Zaladobas gansazRvravs, rogorc "genderuli Zaladobis nebismier aqts, romlis Sedegi aris an SeiZleba iyos qalis

7 ixile: Amnesty International, It’s in our hands – Stop violence against women, March 2004 (AI Index: ACT 77/001/2004) 8 qalebis mimarT diskriminaciis aRkveTis komiteti, zogadi rekomendacia 19, Zaladoba qalebis mimarT (meTerTmete sesia 1992), adamianis uflebaTa xelSekrulebebis organoTa zogadi komentarebisa da zogadi rekomendaciebis krebuli, gaeros dokumentebi HRI\GEN\1\Rev.1 at 84 (1994), abzaci. 6.

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fizikuri, sqesobrivi an fsiqologiuri ziani an tanjva, maT Soris aseTi qcevis muqara, iZuleba an Tavisuflebis TviTneburi SezRudva sazogadoebriv Tu pirad cxovrebaSi" (muxli 1). 9 am gansazRvrebis ukanaskneli interpretacia aseve moicavs "msxverplis mimarT ekonomiuri moTxovnilebebis ganzrax daukmayofileblobas”..10

deklaraciis preambulaSi qalis mimarT Zaladoba aRwerilia, rogorc "qalsa da mamakacs Soris istoriulad araTanabari ZalauflebiTi urTierTobebis gamovlena" da rogorc erTerTi "sakvanZo socialuri meqanizmi, romlis saSualebiTac qalebi iZulebulni xdebian daeqvemdebaron mamakacebs."

jandacvis msoflio organizacia intimuri partnioris mier Zaladobas gansazRvravs, rogorc intimur urtierTobebis farglebSi nebismier qcevas, romelic iwvevs fizikur, fsiqologiur an sqesobriv zians, maT Soris:

• fizikuri agresiis aqts, rogoricaa silis gawna, dartyma, xeliTa da fexiT cema;

• fsiqolologiuri Zaladoba, rogoricaa dacinva da mudmivi damcireba da Seuracxyofa;

• ZaldatanebiTi sqesobrivi kavSiri da sxva sqesobrivi Zaladoba;

• sxvadasxva makontrolebeli qceva, rogoricaa pirovnebis ojaxisa da megobrebisagan izolacia, misi gadaadgilebis gakontroleba, informaciisa an daxmarebis xelmisawvdomobis SezRudva.11

saqarTvelos Sida kanonmdebloba

2006 wlis 25 maiss miRebuli ojaxuri Zaladobis kanonis mesame muxli ojaxur Zaladobas ganmartavs Semdegnairad "ojaxSi Zaladoba gulisxmobs ojaxis erTi wevris mier meoris konstituciuri uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis darRvevas fizikur, fsiqologiur an sqesobriv ZaladobiT an iZulebiT." saerTaSoriso amnistia miesalmeba am kanonis miznebisaTvis ojaxis wevris farTo gansazRvrebas. kanonis me-4-e muxlis (‘z’ punqtis) Tanaxmad,

9 gen. asambleis rezolucia. 48/104, 48 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 217, gaeros dokumentebi. A/48/49 (1993). 10 radhika kumarasuami, qalebis mimarT Zaladobis specialuri momxsenebeli, angariSi adamianis uflebaTa komitetisaTvis. gaeros dokumentebi E/CN.4/2003/75, 6 ianvari 2003, abz. 30. 11 jandacvis msoflio organizacia, angariSi msoflioSi Zaladobasa da jandacvaze, Jeneva, 2002.

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"ojaxis wevri – am kanonis miznebisTvis deda, mama, papa, bebia, meuRle, Svili (geri), Svilobili, mimRebi ojaxi (dedobili, mamobili), SviliSvili, da, Zma, meuRlis mSoblebi, siZe, rZali, agreTve yofili meuRle, araregistrirebul qorwinebaSi myofi pirebi, meurve." me-4-e muxli Zaladobis sxvadasxva tips Semdegnairad ganmartavs:

• "fizikuri Zaladoba - cema, wameba, janmrTelobis dazianeba, Tavisuflebis ukanono aRkveTa an sxva iseTi momedeba, romelic iwvevs fizikur tkivils an tanjvas; janmrTelobis mdgomareobasTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebis daukkmayofileba, rac iwvevs ojaxis wevrTa janmrTelobis dazianebas an sikvdils”

• "fsiqologiuri Zaladoba – Seuracxyofa, SantaJi, damcireba, muqara an sxva iseTi moqmedeba, romelic iwvevs adamianis pativisa da Rirsebis Selaxvas”.

• "seqsualuri Zaladoba – sqesobrivi kavSiri ZaladobiT, Zaladobis muqariT an msxverplis umweobis gamoyenebiT; sqesobrivi kavSiri an seqsualuri xasiaTis sxvagvari moqmedeba an garyvnili qmedeba arasrulwlovanis mimarT”.

• "ekonomiuri Zaladoba – qmedeba, romelic iwvevs sakvebiT, sacxovrebeli da normaluri ganviTarebisTvis sxva pirobebiT uzrunvelyofis, sakuTrebisa da Sromis uflebebis ganxorcielebis, agreTve TanasakuTrebaSi arsebuli qonebiT sargeblobisa da kuTvnili wilis gankargvis uflebis SezRudvas”.

• "iZuleba – adamianis fizikuri an fsiqologiuri iZuleba, Seasrulos an ar Seasrulos moqmedeba, romlis ganxorcieleba an romlisgan Tavis Sekaveba misi uflebaa, anda sakuTar Tavze ganicados Tavis neba-survilis sawinaaRmdego zemoqmedeba”.

saqarTvelos valdebulebebi adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso samarTlis da standartebis Tanaxmad ojaxuri Zaladoba SemaSfoTeblad zRudavs adamianis bevr iseT uflebas, rogorebicaa - gonebrivi da fizikuri sijansaRis ufleba, pirovnuli Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxoebis ufleba, janmrTelobis ufleba da zogjer sicocxlis uflebasac ki. rogorc CEDAW–ma ganmarta Tavis zogad rekomendaciaSi #19, genderuli Zaladoba, maT

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Soris ojaxuri Zaladoba qalebis mimarT, diskriminaciis erTerT formas warmoadgens.12

saqarTvelo adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sferoSi sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso da regionaluri xelSekrulebis xelmomweri mxarea. es xelSekrulebebi avaldebuleben TviToeul saxelmwifos daicvas, pativi sces da aRasrulos mis teritoriaze da mis iurisdiqciis qveS mcxovreb pirTa uflebebi. 13 amgvarad, saqarTvelo saerTaSoriso samarTlis Tanaxmad valdebulia mizandasaxulad imoqmedos, raTa aRkveTos da saWiroebisamebr gamoiZios qalebis winaaRmdeg Zaladobis faqtebi, pasuxi agebinos damnaSaveebs, da uzrunvelyos msxverplTa dacva da zaralis kompensacia (reparacia).14

yovelive es avaldebulebs saxelmwifos ganaxarcielos RonisZiebaTa rigi, romlebic xels Seuwyoben qalebs Tavi daaRwion Zaladobriv urTierTobebs. qalebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli Zaladobis aRkveTis dekleraciis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo valdebulia uzrunvelyos TavSesafrebi, cxeli xazebis funqcionireba, da samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromlebisa da sajaro pirebis Sesabamisi gawvrTna.

2006 wlis agvisto: gaeros qalebis mimarT yvela saxis diskriminaciis aRkveTis komitetis (CEDAW) daskvniTi dakvirvebebi saqarTvelo, rogorc qalebis mimarT yvela saxis diskriminaciis aRkveTis gaeros konvenciis wevri-saxelmwifo, valdebulia moiyvanos Tavisi kanonmdebloba da samarTlebrivi praqtika konvenciis muxlebTan SesabamisobaSi. es sxvaTa sakiTxTa Soris gulisxmobs qalebisaTvis konvenciiT garantirebuli mTel rig samoqalaqo, kulturuli, ekonomikuri, politikuri da socialuri uflebebis uzrunvelyofas.

12 qalTa konvenciis muxli 2 (b) avaldebulebs monawile saxelmwifoebs "miiRon aucilebeli samrTlebrivi da sxva zomebi, maT Soris, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sanqciebi, romlebic akrZalavs qalebis mimarT yovelnair diskriminacias". 13 Sesabamisi xelSekrulebebi moicavs: samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqts (ICCPR); konvencias qalebis mimarT yvela saxis diskriminaciis aRkveTis Sesaxeb; adamianis uflebaTa da fundamentur TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropul konvencias (ECHR) Tavis protokolebiTurT. 14 gaeros deklaracias qalebis mimarT Zaladobis aRkveTis Sesaxeb, generaluri asambleis rezolucia 48/104, muxli 4 (d), gaeros dokumentebi A/48/49 (1993).

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saxelmwifoebi, romlebmac moaxdines konvenciis ratificireba, valdebulni arian oTx weliwadSi erTxel komitets warudginon angariSi konvenciis Sesrulebis Taobaze. saqarTvelom meore da mesame gaerTianebuli angariSi 2004 wels waradgina.

2006 wlis 15 agvistos CEDAW-ma ganixila saqarTvelos samTavrobo angariSi da agvistos bolos ki gamoaqveyna Tavisi daskvniTi dakvirvebebi. 15 ojaxuri Zaladobis kanonis miRebis mxardaWerasTan erTad, komitetma gaakritika kanonis mier gaTvaliswinebuli TavSesafrebisa da moZaladeTaTvis sareabilitacio

centrebis daarsebis gadavadeba. CEDAW-ma aseve gamoTqva SeSfoTeba "ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb statistikis Sesaxeb informaciis ukmarobis gamo, da aseve - rom amgvari Zaladoba SeiZleba kvlav pirad saqmed iTvlebodes". damatebiT, komitetma mouwoda saqarTvelos, "daasrulos da droulad ganaxorcielos ojaxur ZaladobasTan brZolis erovnuli samoqmedo gegma.” komitetma aseve gamoTqva rekomendacia "Seiqmnas mudmivmoqmedi instituciuri meqanizmi, romelic gaiTvaliswinebs qalebis mimarT diskriminaciis specifikurobas da iqneba pasuxismgebeli mxolod qalebisa da mamakacebis formaluri da realuri Tanasworobis miRwevaze, aseve monitorings gauwevs am principis praqtikul ganxorcielebas." amgvar meqanizms unda gaaCndes "aucilebeli avtoriteti da prerogativebi, aseve adamianuri da finansuri resursebi".

zemoaRniSnulis garda, komitetis rCevaa, mniSvnelovnad gaZlierdes saxelmwifos RonisZiebebi ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxze adeqvaturi reagirebisaTvis Semdeg sferoebSi: ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTa dacva; informaciis Segroveba, kvleva da miRebuli zomebis Sefaseba; treningi; sazogadoebrivi cnobierebis amaRleba.

დამცავი და შემაკავებელი ორდერები

ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTa dacva:

- “uzrunvelyofil iqnas, rom ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpl yvela qals, maT Soris soflis raionebSi, xeli miuwvdebodes dacvis dauyovnebel saSualebebze, maT Soris, damcav orderebze, aseve sakmarisi raodenobiT usafrTxo TavSesafrebsa da iuridiul daxmarebaze"; (muxli. 20)

- "yuradReba mieqces […]qorwinebaSi gaupatiurebis problemis mogvarebas”; (muxli. 20)

informaciis Segroveba, kvleva da Sefaseba:

15 qalebis mimarT diskriminaciis aRkveTis gaeros komitetis daskvniTi SeniSvnebi: saqarTvelo, 2006 wlis 25 agvisto. gaeros dokumenti CEDAW/C/GEO/CO/3.

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- “gaaumjobesos informaciis Segroveba konvenciiT mocul yvela sferoSi, romelic ganawilebuli iqneba sqesis, eTnikuri warmomavlobis, asakis, qalaqisa Tu soflis dasaxlebis mixedviT"; (muxli 10)

- “Catardes ojaxuri Zaladobis sixSiris, mizezebisa da Sedegebis kvleva, romelic safuZvlad daedeba yovlismomcvel da miznobriv intervencias da […]am kvlevis Sedegebi Setanil iqnas Semdeg periodul angariSSi."; (muxli 20)

- “gazomvadi indikatorebis gansazRvris meSveobiT Catardes kanonmdeblobis, politikisa da samoqmedo gegmebis gavlenis monitoringi, raTa Sefasdes qalebis de-faqto Tanasworobisken mimaval gzaze miRweuli progresi." (muxli 10)

treningi:

- “uzrunvelyofil iqnas sajaro moxeleTa, gansakuTrebiT samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromelTa, sasamarTlo xelisuflebis warmomadgenelTa, jandacvis sferos moxeleTa da socialur muSakTa Sesabamis kanonmdeblobaSi srulad gaTvicnobiereba, maTi mgrZnobelobis amaRleba qalebis mimarT Cadenili yvela saxis Zaladobisadmi, rom maT SeZlon amgvar SemTxvevebze adeqvaturi reagireba"; (muxli 20)

- “ganxorcieldes programebi prokurorebisaTvis, mosamarTleebisTvis, saxalxo damcvelebisaTvis da iuristebisaTvis, romlebic moicaven konvenciisa da arCeviTi protokolis yvela aqtualur aspeqts”; (muxli. 14)

sazogadoebrivi cnobierebis amaRleba:

- “prioriteti mieniWos [ojaxuri Zaladobis] kanonis Sesrulebas da […]igi farTod gaxdes cnobili sajaro moxeleTaTvis da mTlianad sazogadoebisaTvis"; (muxli 20)

- “[gadaidgas nabijebi] qalebis cnobierebis mdgradi amaRlebisa da maTTvis samarTlebrivi ganaTlebis sferoSi treningis kampaniebis warsamarTavad, maT Soris sofelSi macxovrebeli qalebisa da qalTa sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvis"; (muxli 14)

- “gagrZeldes […]genderuli stereotipebis aRmofxvrisaken mimarTuli Zalisxmeva da […]gaZlierdes saswavlo programebsa da saxelmZRvaneloebSi genderuli perspeqtivis warmoCena"; (muxli 18)

- “miRebul iqnas damatebiTi zomebi konvenciis, arCeviTi protokoliT gaTvaliswinebuli procedurebisa da komitetis zogadi rekomendaciebis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrcelebisaTvis." (muxli 14).

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saqarTveloSi qalebis mimarT ojaxuri Zaladobis ganzomilebebi

problemis masStabi saqarTveloSi am problemis sruli masStabi ucnobia. miuxedavad imisa, rom - rogorc saqarTvelos mier CEDAW–isTvis wardgenili 2004 wlis maisis angariSi miuTiTebs, - 1999 wlis prezidentis gankargulebiT Sinagan saqmeTa saministros da generalur prokuraturas daevala "qalebis mimarT Zaladobis yvela faqtis" Sesaxeb informaciis Segroveba da damuSaveba, aseve "ojaxuri Zaladobis faqtebis registraciis [. . .] uzrunvelyofa" 16 - xelisuflebas ar Seugrovebia safuZvliani statistikuri monacemebi ojaxuri Zaladobis SeTxvevebis Sesaxeb, miTumetes - sqesis mixedviT ganawilebuli, anda msxverplsa da damnaSaves Soris urTierTobis amsaxveli.

ojaxuri Zaladobis savaraudo msxverpl qalTagan mciredi nawili Tu mimarTavs policies (damatebiTi informaciisaTvis ixileT Tavi "policiis reagireba"). sapatrulo policiis mier Segrovili statistikuri informaciis Tanaxmad, romelic saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mier kontrolirebul mTel teritorias moicavs, 2005 wels ojaxuri ZaladobasTan dakavSirebiT maT daxmarebisaTvis 3254-jer mimarTes. 17 2006 wlis pirvel or TveSi patrulma daafiqsira 670 amgvari zari. ar aris cnobili, Tu ramdeni SemTxveva exeba amaTgan uSualod qalebs; aseve ar arsebobs damatebiTi informacia SemTxvevebis xasiaTze. rogorc amboben, sapatrulo policiaSi Semosuli Ramis zarebidan umetesoba ojaxur Zaladobas exeba.18

saqarTveloSi Catarda ramodenime masStaburi raodenobrivi kvleva ojaxuri Zaladobis masStabebis dasadgenad. maT Soris yvelaze masStaburi da sando kvlevebia: gaeros mosaxleobis fondis (UNFPA) 1999 da 2000 wlis ori reproduqciuli janmrTelobis kvleva (RHS); aseve, arasamTavrobo organizacia “kavkasiis qalTa kvleviTi da

16 saqarTvelos, rogorc CEDAW–is wevr saxelmwifos, gaerTianebuli meore da mesame perioduli angariSi, CEDAW/C/GEO/2-3, muxli 9. 17 saerTaSoriso amnistias es informacia miawoda saxalxo damcvelis ofisis qalTa uflebebis dacvis ganyofilebis ufrosma Tamar romelaSvilma, 2006 wlis 12 aprils. pooliciis patruli, rogorc wesi, pirveli sakontaqto uwyebaa ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTaTvis, Tuki isini policiasTan dakavSirebas gadawyveten. 18 eleqtorinuli fostiT mimowera giorgi Tarxan-mouravTan, sazogadoebrivi politikis instituti, 2006 wlis 19 maisi.

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sakonsultacio qselis” kvleva saTauriT, ojaxuri Zaladoba qalze -mravalkomponentiani kvleva, romelic 2006 wels gamoqveynda.19

1999 da 2005 wlis orive kvlevis mixedviT, gamokiTxul qalTa 5% ganicdida fizikur Zaladobas imJamindeli an yofili meuRlis mxridan.20 kavkasiis qalTa kvleviTi da sakonsultacio qselis kvlevis Tanaxmad, qalebis 5,2 procentma upasuxa, rom ganicdida xSir fizikur Zaladobas partnioris mxridan. 21 reproduqciuli janmrTelobis orive kvlevis Tanaxmad, qalebis orma procentma ganacxada, rom gamoecadaT sqesobrivi Zaladoba cxovrebis romeliRac monakveTSi, xolo erTma procentma ganacxada rom es bolo 12 Tvis manZilze moxda. kavkasiis qalTa kvlevisa da konsultaciis qselis Tanaxmad, gamokiTxul qalTa 25,5 procentma ganacxada, rom maTma "qmarma aiZula [isini] daemyarebinaT [maTTan] [. . .] sqesobrivi kavSiri, rodesac [isini] amisaTvis mzad ar iyvnen.”.22 oTxma procentma ganacxada, rom es xSirad xdeboda.

reproduqciuli janmrTelobis orive kvlevam da kavkasiis qalTa kvleviTi da sakonsultacio qselis kvlevamac daadgina, rom sxvadasxva asakobrivi jgufisa da regionebis qalebis mowodebuli monacemebiT SeiniSneba cvalebadoba Zaladobis sixSirisa da tipis mixedviT. amasTanave kvlevebi naTlad aCveneben, rom ojaxuri Zaladoba ar aris mxolod sazogadoebis erTi jgufis, raionis an asakis problema.

2003 wels aSS-s daavadebaTa kontrolisa da prevenciis centrebma (CDC) gamoaqveynes SedarebiTi kvlevis Sedegebi, romlebic aRmosavleT evropisa da evraziis qveynebs SerCeul nawils exeboda. am

19 gaeros mosaxleobis fondi (UNFPA): 1999 saqarTvelos reproduqciuli janmrTelobis kvleva, atlanta, 2005w.; kavkasiis qalTa kvlevisa da konsultaciis qseli. ojaxuri Zaladoba qalze - mravalkomponentiani kvleva. 2006 w. 1999 wlis reproduqciuli janmrTelobis kvleva iyo saqarTveloSi Catarebuli am tipis pirveli sazogadoebrivi azris gamokiTxva. gamokiTxul iqna 15-dan 44 wlamde asakis 7798 qali, maT Soris 1655 - saxelmwifo kuTvnilebaSi myof koleqtiur centrebSi mcxovrebi iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli piri. reproduqciuli janmrTelobis meore kvleva 2005 wlis pirvel naxevarSi Catarda. es kvlevebi formatiTa da SinaarsiT msgavsi iyo, Tumca 2005 wlis kvleva ar moicavda iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa calke jgufs. kavkasiis qalTa qselma gamokiTxa 1000 qali saqarTvelos masStabiT, romlebsac sul mcire erTi weli ecxovraT mamakacTan erTad. gamokiTxulTa SerCeva SemTxveviTi wesiT moxda. meTodikisa da kiTxvebis sityvier formaSi gansxvavebebis gamo, reproduqciuli janmrTelobis kvlevebsa da kavkasiis qalTa qselis gamokiTxvis Sedegebs Soris zogierT sakiTxSi aRiniSneba gansxvavebebi. 20reproduqciuli janmrTelobis kvleva 2005. gv. 37. 21kavkasiis qalTa qseli 2005. gv. 45. 22 kavkasiis qalTa qseli 2005. gv. 55.

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kvlevis Tanaxmad, qalebis mimarT fizikuri Seuracxyofis sixSire saqarTveloSi ufro dabali iyo, vidre sxva gamokvleul qveynebSi – azerbaijanSi, moldovaSi, ruseTSi, 23 rumineTsa da ukrainaSi. kvlevis Tanaxmad, es daskvnebi "SeiZleba mieweros gansxvavebebs kulturul gansazRvrebebsa da aRqmaSi, an qarTveli qalis cxovrebaSi sanaTesaosa da megobrebis gansakuTrebiT did da Zlier rols."24 magram miuxedavad imisa, Tu rogor Seedreba saqarTvelo sxva qveynebs, ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli am qveyanaSi mainc aTobiT aTas qalia.

saerTaSoriso amnistias imedi aqvs, rom xelisufleba Seasrulebs bolo dros nakisr valdebulebebs, romelTa sagania xeli Seewyos informaciis Segrovebis sistemis droulad Camoyalibebas, statistikuri informaciis Seagrovebas da mis uaxloes momavalSi gamoaqveynebas. 2006 wlis maisis kanoni ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb me- 6 muxlSi ambobs, rom “saxelmwifo Tavisi uflebamosili organoebis meSveobiT xels uwyobs da uzrunvelyofs ojaxSi Zaladobis prevenciis meqanizmebis danergvasa da ganxorcielebas." CamoTvlil zomaTa Soris aris "Sesabamisi statistikis warmoeba". saqarTvelos mier CEDAW–isadmi 2006 wlis ivlisSi wardgenili angariSis Tanaxmad, ojaxuri Zaladobis kanonis miRebis Semdeg, saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo departaments daevala qalebis mimarT Zaladobis aRsawerad"SeimuSaos specialuri meTodika monacemTa Segrovebisa da damuSavebisaTvis". 25 “ojaxuri Zaladobis aRkveTisa da ojaxuri Zaladobis prevenciis TvalsazrisiT gasatarebel RonisZiebaTa 2006-2008 wlebis samoqmedo gegmis” Tanaxmad, romelic saerTaSoriso amnistiisTvis xelmisawvdomi gaxda, samarTaldamcavi organoebi da aseve Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro Seagroveben da statistikis departaments gadascemen monacemebs ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb. generaluri prokuraturis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ganyofilebam 2006 wlis 24 agvistos saerTaSoriso amnistias acnoba, rom "garkveuli statistikuri informaciis

23 kvleva moicavs informacias, romelic mxolod ruseTis qalaqebSi iqna mopovebuli. 24 daavadebaTa kontrolisa da prevenciis centrebi: reproduqciuli, dedaTa da bavSvTa janmrTeloba aRmosavleT evropasa da evraziaSi: SedarebiTi angariSi, atlanta, 2003 w. gv. 214. 25 pasuxebi meore da mesame perioduli angariSebis erTian ganxilvasTan dakavSirebul kiTxvebze. saqarTvelo. 2006 wlis 13 ivlisi. gaeros dokumentebi. CEDAW/C/GEO/Q/3/Add.1, gv. 7.

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analizisas, saqarTvelos generaluri prokuratura gaiTvaliswinebs ojaxuri Zaladobis elements.".26

ojaxuri Zaladobis tipebi da misi socialuri konteqsti saqarTveloSi qalebis mimarT maTi partniorebis mxridan Zaladobis tipebis farTo speqtria warmodgenili. igi moicavs ekonomiuri saxsrebis SezRudvas, sityvier da fsiqologiur Seuracxyofas, fizikur Zaladobas, sqesobriv Zaladobas da mkvlelobasac ki. 27 fizikuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebi, romlis Sesaxebac saerTaSoriso amnistiam Seityo, moicavs anTebuli sigaretiT dawvas, nivTebis srolas, TaviT kedelze mitrymas, TmiT Trevas, xolo yvelaze xSirad - xeliT an wixliT cemas. rogorc wesi, Zaladobis sxvadasxva tipi urTierTdakavSirebulia an erTmaneTs mosdevs. sqesobrivi Zaladobis SemTxvevebi Cveulebriv sxva saxis ojaxur Zaladobas an Zaladobis muqaras moicavs. magaliTad, rogorc Zaladobisagan dacvis erovnuli qselis Tavmjdomare nata SavlayaZe mogviTxrobs, ojaxuri Zaladobis bevr msxverpls misTvis uambnia, Tu rogor qmrebma maT sqesobrivi kavSiri iaraRis muqariT aiZules.28

im daaxloebiT 765 adamianidan, romelmac 2000 wlidan dRemde arasamTavrobo qalTa sakonsultacio centr "saxls" fsiqosocialuri konsultaciisaTvis miakiTxa, TiTqmis 60%-ma Tavis ZiriTad problemad ojaxuri Zaladoba daasaxela. am adamianTa umravlesoba uCioda fsiqologiur Zaladobas (62.4%), xolo 24.3% da 6.1% uCioda Sesabamisad fizikur da sqesobriv Zaladobas. 29 sxva arasamTavrobo organizaciebis informaciis Tanaxmadac, fsiqologiuri Zaladoba Warbobs fizikur Zaladobas. fsiqologiuri ojaxuri Zaladobis

26 Tamar TomaSvili. adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ganyofilebis ufrosi. 2006 wlis 24 agvisto. 27 amerikis iuristTa asociaciis centraluri evropisa da evraziis samarTlebrivi iniciativis (ABA/CEELI), saqarTvelos ofisis sponsorobiT Catarebuli kvlevis Tanaxmad, 1200 gamokiTxulTa 60 procentma icoda sul mcire erTi SemTxvevis Sesaxeb, romelic Zaladobis msxverplis sikvdiliT dasrulda. gamokiTxvebi saqarTveloSi 2006 wlis martidan maisamde Catarda, da winamdebare angariSis daweris droisaTvis kvlevis Sedegebi jer ar gamoqveynebula. es informacia mowodebulia amerikis iuristTa asociaciis saqarTvelos ofisis sisxlis samarTlis sferoSi sakontaqto TanamSromelma, melisa mudim (Melissa Moody), 2006 wlis 18 agvistos. 28saerTaSoriso amnistiis interviu. Tbilisi, 2006 wlis 13 aprili. 29 drois igive monakveTSi, arasamTavrobo organizacia qalTa konsultaciis centrma "saxli" gasca msgavsi iuridiuli konsultacia, romelTagan bevri exeboda ojaxur Zaladobas.

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Sesaxeb gancxadebebi, romlebis Sesaxebac saerTaSoriso amnistiam Seityo, moicavs qmrebis/partniorebis mier qalebisaTvis Tanamimdevrul akrZalvas - saxlidan gavidnen, Sexvdnen megobrebs da naTesavebs, iswavlon an imuSaon; qalebi agreTve ganicdidnen maT mudmiv dacinvas da dakninebas. Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis fsiqologi manana soloRaSvili acxadebs, rom mis praqtikaSi, fsiqologiuri da ekonomiuri Zaladoba xSirad SemdgomSi fizikur Zaladobis sawindaria.30

ojaxuri Zaladobis faqtebi xSirad sanaTesaos ufro gavrcobil konteqstSic xdeba, rodesac naTesavebi erT ojaxad cxovroben. saqarTveloSi rogorc soflad, ise (Tumca naklebad) qalaqadac, xSirad ojaxis sami Taoba erTad cxovrobs. adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis cnobebiT ojaxuri Zaladoba mimar-Tuli SeiZleba iyos ojaxis nebismieri wevrze, maT Soris moxucebsa da bavSvebzec. ramdenime arasamTavrobo organizaciam xazi gausva im faqts, rom gansakuTrebiT gavrobili ojaxis konteqstSi ojaxis sxva wevrebi xSirad aqezeben qmars, "dasajos" coli "Seuferebeli saqcielisaTvis". amJamd ar gagvaCnia informacia erTi da igive sqesis warmomadgenlebs Soris Zaladobis Sesaxeb.

saerTaSoriso amnistiamde moRweul bevr, Tumca ara yvela SemTxvevaSi, ojaxuri Zaladoba Tan sdevs alkoholizms an narkomanias. Tumca moZaladis intoqsikacia xSirad Tavad mis an misi ojaxis sxva wevrebis mier ZaladobiTi qcevis gasamarTlebel sabuTad gamoiyeneba, raki moZalade TiTqosda ver akontrolebda sakuTar saqciels. amgvar gamarTlebas abaTilebs is faqti, rom rogorc wesi igive adamianebi ojaxs gareT – gareSe pirebis mimarT - Zaladobas ar avlenen. garda amisa, xSirad moZaladeebi Tavian partniorebs iseT adgilebSi urtyamen, rom dalurjebebi sxvebma ver dainaxon.

bevri arasamTavrobo organizaciis mier saqarTveloSi ojaxuri Zaladobis xelSemwyob faqtorad ekonomiuri siduxWire saxeldeba. sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Sedegad dawyebulma ekonomikurma da socialurma kataklizmebma da samoqalaqo omma aiZula qarTveli adamianebi SeecvalaT socialuri da ojaxuri rolebi. sazogadoebis didi nawili umuSevari darCa da gaRatakda. arasamTavrobo organizacia "ndobis" fsiqologi, nana aRapiSvili ganmartavs: "xSirad xdeba, rom qalebma ipoves Tavis TavSi Zala ojaxis sarCenad nebismieri samuSao SeesrulebinaT, mamakacebi ki am dros umuSevrad rCebodnen. bevr SemTxvevaSi mamakacebma ver aitanes, rom isini aRar iyvnen ojaxismarCenalebi; arian iseTi mamakacebic, romlebic colebze Zaladobas maT mimarT kontrolis SesanarCuneblad iyeneben." 30saerTaSoriso amnistiis interviu. Tbilisi, 2006 wlis 18 aprili.

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sacolis motaceba Cvenamde kvlavac aRwevs cnobebi qorwinebis mizniT motacebis praqtikis Sesaxeb. 31 amgvari motacebis SemTxvevaSi qalebs xSirad aupatiureben da am ukanasknelkebs uxdebad daqorwineba, raTa Tavidan aicilon sircxvili da "Rirsebis Selaxva". saerTaSoriso amnistiis mier miRebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, motacebis msxverplni iSviaTad acnobeben policias amis Taobaze, radgan eSiniaT sazogadoebrivi azris. Sedegad, xolo damnaSaveni aseve iSviaTad samarTldebian.

ra uSlis xels Zaladobis mankieri wris darRvevas ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpl qalebs mravali piroba xels uSliT daicvan Tavisi adamianis uflebebi da gaTavisufldnen Zaladobisagan. xSirad qalebi arc ki eZeben daxmarebas, radgan scxveniaT da eSiniaT sazogadoebrivi stigmisa, aseve farTod gavrcelebuli azris gamo, rom ojaxuri Zaladoba Tavad "ojaxis saqmea" da ojaxSive unda mogvardes. sxva barierebi moicavs amvr SemTxvevebSi policiis araadeqvatur reagirebas; samedicino personalis moumzadeblobas ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebisaTvis; arasakmaris droebiT TavSesafrebis arsebobas; damnaSaveTa wesad qceul dausjelobas; da aseve, mdgradi gamosavlis ararsebobas, rac pirvel rigSi gulisxmobs finansur damokidebulebisa da adeqvaturi sacxovrebelis mopovebis sirTules.

ojaxuri Zaladoba, rogorc "ojaxis saqme" saqarTvelos pirobebSi, ojaxuri Zaladobis mravali msxverpli qali ar eZebs gareSe daxmarebas. xSirad es gamowveulia sircxvilis grZnobiT, da aseve SiSiT "ojaxis dangrevisa” – Tuki xmis amoRebas gadawyveten. bevri Tavis Tavs adanaSaulebs maT mimarT ganxorcielebuli Zaladobis faqtSi, da cdilobs Tavisi qceva Secvalos, raTa asiamovnos partniors da Tavidan aicilos "sasjeli”. sakmaod xSirad qalebs sjeraT, rom imsaxureben amgvar mopyrobas da rom mamakacs aqvs ufleba ase moiqces. arasamTavrobo organizacia "ndobis" TanamSromeli nana aRapiSvili ojaxuri Zaladobisadmi gavrcelebul sazogadoebriv azrs ase ajamebs: "Tu mamakaci qals scems, es saqarTveloSi cud saqcielad iTvleba. Tumca, roca irkveva, rom es ama Tu im ojaxSi xdeba, es aRiqmeva - rom albaT cudi ojaxia da albaT, es qalic cudad iqceva." 32 farTod aris gavrcelebuli rwmena,

31 motaceba qorwinebis mizniT gansxvavdeba nebayoflobiT gaqcevisagan, romelic zogjer motacebas waagavs, magram orive mxaris mier winaswar aris dagegmili. 32saerTaSoriso amnistiis interviu. Tbilisi, 2006 wlis 14 aprili.

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rom Zaladoba gamarTlebulia - Tuki qali Ralatobs qmars, an Tuki deda "saTanado yuradRebas ar uTmobs Svilebs". 33 zemoT aRniSnuli kavkasiis qalTa qselis kvlevis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi qalebis 90 procentze meti Tvlis, rom "qali ufro Tavmdabali unda iyos, raTa ar safuZveli ar misces mis mimarT Zaladobas." gavrcelebuli socialuri Sexedulebebi iziarebs da aZlierebs mosazrebas, rom ojaxuri Zaladoba ojaxis saSinao problemaa da ojaxSive unda gadawydes. qalebis 60 procentze metis pasuxis Tanaxmad, "yvela SemTxvevaSi, ojaxSi rac ki xdeba, ojaxSive unda darCes."

ekas qmari galoTebulia da arsebuli cnobebis Tanaxmad, TiTqmis yoveldRe scems cols da or qaliSvils. arasamTavrobo organizacia Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis Tanaxmad, ekas ara aqvs qmris nebarTvis gareSe saxlidan gasvlis ufleba da mis Svilebs mxolod im tansacmlis Cacma SeuZliaT, romelsac mama moiwonebs. ekam arasamTavrobo organizacias 2006 wels mimarTa depresiisagan Tavis dasaRwevad. mas eSinia, rom Tu meuRles gaSordeba, misi 12 da 19 wlis qaliSvilebisaTvis Zneli gaxdeba "kargi qmrebis" povna, radgan sazogadoebis mier isini ukve "dangreuli ojaxidan gamosulebad" aRiqmevian.

adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi xazs usvamen imas, rom sazogadoebaSi Zalian Cudad aris gacnobierebuli, rom sqesobrivi Zaladoba danaSaulia da adamianis uflebebis darRvevaa. arasamTavrobo organizacia "safaris" direqtori nata zazaSvili ambobs: " saqarTveloSi sqesobrivi Zaladoba ojaxSi erT-erT ZiriTad tabus warmoadgens. qalebi xSirad verc ki acnobiereben, rom isini sqesobrivi Zaladobis msxverplni arian." Sedegad, isini am mdgomareobas itanen.

maia colad gahyva Tavis axlandel qmars mis Semdeg, rac am ukanasknelma is moitaca. arasamTavrobo organizacia “safaris” TqmiT, qmarma maia cema orjer scada, magram maia fizikurad Zlieria da moaxerxa Tavis dacva. amis Semdeg qmars maia aRar ucemia, Tumca xSirad sityvier Seuracxyofas ayenebs mas da maT sam Svils. is xSirad amcirebs Tavis cxra wlis vaJs, - uyviris "Sen ra kaci xar? Sen Txle xar. Sengan kaci ar gaizrdeba!" cnobis Tanaxmad, qmari regularulad aiZulebs maias sqesobriv kavSiri hkondes masTan, magram maia ar ewinaaRmdegeba, radgan amaSi "colis movaleobas" xedavs. mis meuRles

33 2005 wlis reproduqciuli janmrTelobis kvlevis Tanaxmad, gamokiTxul qalTa 28 procentma ganacxada, rom cema gamarTlebulia im SemTxvevaSi, Tu "coli qmars Ralatobs" da 13 %-ma bavSvebis mimarT uyuradReboba daasaxela ZaladobisTvis sakmaris mizezad. reproduqciuli janmrTelobis kvleva. 2005 w. gv. 39.

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sulieri avadmyofobis niSnebi aqvs da ramdenimejer scada Tavis mokvla ojaxis TandaswrebiT.

amasTan erTad, aRsaniSnavia, rom bolo wlebSi sazogadoebaSi gaizarda imis gacnobiereba, rom ojaxuri Zaladoba miuRebeli movlenaa. ramdenime satelevizio gadacemisa da sajaro kampaniebis Sedegad, rac ZiriTadad arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier iyo organizebuli, ojaxur Zaladobaze saubari SedarebiT naklebad tabu-dadebuli Tema gaxda, vidre es ramdenime wlis win iyo. satelevizio klipebi avrceleben informacias arasamTavrobo organizaciebis cxeli xazebisa da krizisis-centrebis Sesaxeb, ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplT daxmarebas sTavazoben.

mniSvnelovania, rom xelisuflebac metad CaerTos ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb samoqalaqo cnobierebis amaRlebaSi. saxelmwifo moxeleebma yoveli SesaZlebloba unda gamoiyenon, raTa ganacxadon TavianTi mtkice neba saqarTveloSi qalebis mimarT Zaladobis aRmofxvris Taobaze, agreTve gaavrcelon informacia - Tu ra daxmarebis miRebis ufleba ekuTvniT Zaladoba-gadatanil qalebs da Tu rogor SeiZleba am daxmarebis miReba. xelisuflebam aseve unda mTeli saqarTvelos farglebSi izrunos skolebSi cnobierebis amaRlebaze, raTa bavSvebmac gaiazron, genderuli Zaladoba adamianis uflebaTa darRvevaa imis miuxedavad, amas fizikuri piri Caidens Tu saxelmwifo. amas garda, mTavrobam unda miawodos sazogadoebas informacia konvenciis arCeviTi protokolis Sesaxeb, romelsac saqarTvelo 2002 wels miuerTda da romelic saSualebas aZlevs qalebs konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi calke da jgufurad Seitanon peticia gaeros qalebis mimarT diskriminaciis aRkveTis komitetiSi.

im arasamTavrobo organizaciaTa umravlesobas, romlebic ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxebze muSaoben, TbilisSi aqvT bina dadebuli. dedaqalaqs gareT, regionebSi momuSave oganizaciebis ricxvi, da Sesabamisad Zaladobis msxverplTa SesaZlebloba moipovon daxmareba metad SezRudulia, Tumca Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis ofisebi aris Semdeg qalaqebsa da raionebSi: ambrolauri, axalcixe, baTumi, gori, gurjaani, quTaisi, ozurgeTi, rusTavi, svaneTi da zugdidi. sxva organizaciebsac didi survili aqvT regionebSi gasvlis, magram dafinansebis naklebobis gamo, jerjerobiT maTi SesaZleblobebi SezRudulia.

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policiis reagireba ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebSi qalebis mxolod mciredi wili mimarTavs policias daxmarebisaTvis. kavkasiis qalTa qselis kvlevis Tanaxmad, Tumca yovel meSvide an merve qals ufiqria policiisTvis miemarTa fizikuri ojaxuri Zaladobisagan Tavis dasacavad (13.1 %), gamokiTxulTa mxolod 1.8 procentma marTlac mimarTa policias. 2005 wlis reproduqciuli janmrTelobis kvlevis Tanaxmad, ojaxuri Zaladobis faqtze policias 5% daukavSirda.

mizezi imisa, Tu ratom ar mimarTaven qalebi policias, mravalia da moicavs sircxvilis grZnobas imis gamo, rom gareSe daxmarebas saWiroeben, magram aseve eWvi, rom policias SeuZlia konstruqciuli gamosavlis SeTavazeba.

dRemde, saswavlo kursSi Tbilisis policiis akademiisa, romelic mTel saqarTvelos policies wvrTnaze pasuxismgebeli, ar Sedis ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebze reagirebis safuZvliani ganxilva. mraval arasamTavrobo organizaciis aqtivistebisgan saerTaSoriso amnistiisadmi mowodebuli cnobiT, sapatrulo policiis TanamSromlebma, romlebic monawileobdnen am organizaciebis mier gamarTul sawvrTnel kursebze, didi interesi gamoTqves - eswavlaT reagireba ojaxur Zaladobaze, romelic maT profesiul cxovrebaSi agrerig xSiria.

“ojaxuri Zaladobis aRkveTisa da ojaxuri Zaladobis prevenciis TvalsazrisiT gasatarebel RonisZiebaTa 2006-2008 wlebis samoqmedo gegmis” winaswari teqstis Tanaxmad, romelic mTavrobis mier 2006 seqtembrisTcis unda damtkicebuliyo, Sinagan saqmeTa saministro, Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro da Sesabamisi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi Caatareben wvrTnas ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxebze - sapatrulo policiisaTvis, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sxva TanamSromlebisaTvis, prokurorebisaTvis, mosamarTleebiTvis, jandacvis sistemis TanamSromlebisTvisa da socialur muSakTaTvis. 2006 wlis 24 agvistoTi daTariRebul werilSi, generaluri prokuraturis adaminis uflebaTa dacvis ganyofilebam saerTaSoriso amnistias acnoba, rom generaluri prokuratura mimdinare wlis bolomde Caatarebs Sesabamis wvrTnas prokurorebisaTvis.

saerTaSoriso amnistiis saqarTveloSi faqtebis mosaZiebeli vizitis msvlelobaSi, 2006 wlis aprilSi, organizaciam Seityo bevri iseTi SemTxvevis Sesaxeb, romelmac gamoavlina policiis mxridan ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebze reagirebis sxvadasxvagvaroba. xSirad policiis TanamSromlebi iziareben sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebul mosazrebas, rom ojaxuri Zaladoba "ojaxis saqmea" da amdenad

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ojaxSive unda mogvardes. aseve, xSir SemTxvevaSi policies TanamSromlebi miiCneven, rom Zaladoba qalis mier iyo "provocirebuli" da urCeven mas momavalSi partnioris moTxovnebis ukeT "SesrulebiT" aicilos cema.

magaliTad, dasavleT saqarTvelos sofelSi mcxovrebma rusudanma policias ramdenimejer mimarTa, radgan misi meuRle mas sastikad scemda. Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis Tanaxmad, erTxel, rodesac man policias mimarTa daxmarebisaTvis, policies erTerTma TanamSromelma mas urCia, saxlSi wasuliyo da qmarTan dapirispirebis "provocireba" meti aRar moexdina. qali ramdenimejer gaiqca saxlidan, magram naTesavebma yvela aseTi SemTxvevis Semdeg ukan daabrunes.

sxva SemTxvevebSi, sapatrulo policiis TanamSromlebi misulan ojaxis saxlSi/binaSi da ucdiaT moZaladis damSvideba, zogjer ramdenime saaTiT policiis manqaniT tarebiT an da policiis ganyofilebaSi wayvaniT. rodesac moZalade Sin dabrunebula, xSirad partnioris agrZelebda qalis cemas – amjerad policiis gamoZaxebis gamo misi "dasjis" sababiT.

sxva SemTxvevebSi, arsebuli cnobebis Tanaxmad, policia saerTod ar reagirebda ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebze. es gansakuTrebiT maSin xdeboda, rodesac igive ojaxidan ramdenimejer wina gamoZaxebis Sedegad policiis Carevas situacia ar Seucvlia.

arasamTavrobo organizacia konstituciur uflebaTa dacvis centris TanamSromeli, marina lebaniZe ixsenebs SemTxvevas, rodesac qalma gamoiZaxa sapatrulo policia, radgan qmari nasvami iyo da scemda mas. miRebuli cnobiT, adgilze mosulma policies TanamSromlebma Tavad scemes qmari, raTa mas Seewyvita colze Zaladoba.

saerTaSoriso amnistiis mier gamokiTxulma qalbatonma ramdenime wlis win momxdari incidenti gaixsena. misi TqmiT, rodesac policias mimarTa - moZalade qmrisagan misi da dedamisis dacvis saTxovnelad, policiis maRalCinosanma igi cema da gaupatiurebac scada.

qeTim saerTaSoriso amnistias mouTxro, rom misi qmari xSirad sastikad wixlavda da scemda xolme, zogjer srul dalurjebamde. qmari cols xSirad bavSvebis TandaswrebiTac scemda. qeTim policias samjer gamouZaxa - erTxel imitom, rom qmari sidedrsac scemda. "rodesac policia movida, jer me Semxedes ise, TiTqos yvelaferi Cemi brali iyo. me nasvami viyavi da maTi azriT Cemi qmari marTali iyo,

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rom msjida”, ixsenebs qeTi. sxva dros policiam misi meuRle policiis ganyofilebaSi erTi RamiT waiyvana. dabrunebis Semdeg, cnobis Tanaxmad, man cols ufro Zlierad scema policias gamoZaxebisTvis. misi monayoliT, roca qeTi policiaSi mesamed mivida daxmarebis saTxovnelad - "policiis maRalCinosanma Tavis kabinetSi damibara da kari Caketa. man Cemi gaupatiureba scada da gaqceva rom vcade, cema damiwyo." rodesac qeTim gaqceva mainc moaxerxa, gadawyvita, meti aRarasodes miemarTa policiisaTvis. sami wlis win qeTim, bavSvebTan erTad, miatova qmari da amJamad Tavis mSoblebTan erTad cxovrobs.

saerTaSoriso amnistiam iseTi SemTxvevebis Sesaxebac Seityo, rodesac policies TanamSromlebma qalebi qmris mier cemisagan dasacavad Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis TavSesafarSi waiyvanes. kidev sxva SemTxvevaSi, 2004 wels, policiam daicva qali, romelic moZalade qmars gamoeqca da TavSesafarSi oTxi SviliT mivida.

mananas qmarma Seityo misi adgilsamyofelis Sesaxeb. Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis Tanaxmad, is TavSesafarTan daudarajda cols da scema igi, Subli sul daulurja. rodesac TavSesafris TanamSromlebma policias gamouZaxes, policielebi dauyovnebliv movidnen da mananas qmars daawerines xelwerili, rom is aRarasodes mividoda TavSesafarSi. "policiam iseTi reagireba moaxdina, rogoric saWiro iyo. erTma policielma mobiluri telefonis nomeric dagvitova, raTa nebismier dros dagvereka. mananas qmari TavSesafarSi aRarasodes mosula", ganacxada TavSesafris TanamSromelma.34

2006 wlis 25 maiss miRebuli ojaxuri Zaladobis kanonis me-16-e muxlis Tanaxmad, "policias ar aqvs ufleba, ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevas moekidos naklebi pasuxismgeblobiT, vidre sxva Zaladobis SemTxvevas". kanoni avaldebulebs policias "dauyovnebliv gamoexmauros [ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevaSi gamoZaxebas] da miiRos yvela samarTlebrivi zoma". igive muxlis Tanaxmad, policiis valdebulebaa "calke gaesaubros SesaZlo msxverpls, mowmes, moZalades, bavSvebs da Caiweros [gasaubreba]"; aseve, "Seatyobinos ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpls misi uflebebis Sesaxeb"; aseve, msxverplis moTxovnis SemTvevaSi, "msxverpli an misi Svilebi TavSesafarSi gadaiyvanos".

kanoni aseve uflebas aZlevs policias da pirveli instanciis sasamarTloebs, miiRon droebiTi dacvis zomebi. policias SeuZlia

34saerTaSoriso amnistiis mier aRebuli interviu. Tbilisi, 2006 wlis 18 aprili.

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gasces Semakavebeli orderi moZaladis mimarT. 35 es orderi unda 24 saaTis ganmavlobaSi waredginos sasamarTlos dasamtkiceblad. pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos ufleba aqvs, gasces damcavi orderi im SemTxvevebis garda, Tu ki aris moZaladis mimarT sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvris safuZveli, ra SemTxvevaSic eWvmitanili dapatimrdeba. Tu moZalade Semakavebel an damcav orderSi miTiTebul pirobebs daarRvevs, is marTlmsajulebis winaSe rogorc sisxlis samarTlis damnaSave warsdgeba. me-12-e muxlis Tanaxmad, "damcavi orderis moqmedeba SesaZlebelia gauqmdes mxareTa Serigdebisas mosamarTlis saTanado gadawyvetilebiT sasamarTlosaTvis mxareTa erToblivi mimarTvis safuZvelze..." 36

organizacia Tvlis, rom am axali samarTlebrivi zomebis efeqturi SesrulebisaTvis aucilebelia, rom yvela im samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromlebma da mosamarTleebma, agreTve advokatebi da prokurorebi, romelTac damcavi da Semakavebeli orderebis gacemasTan, an aseTi orderebis gauqmebasa an darRvevasTan eqnebaT saqme, gaiiaron safuZvliani wvrTna. treningi droulad unda Catardes mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT.

damatebiT, mniSvnelovania, rom xelisuflebam da arasamTavrobo organizaciebma awarmoon zedamxedveloba da awarmoon angariSgeba axali dacvis meqanizmebis Sesrulebaze.

jandacvis sistema mravali ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli qali, romelic samedicino daxmarebas saWiroebs, ar mimarTavs daxmarebisTvis samedicino dawesebulebebs. kavkasiis qalTa qselis kvlevis Tanaxmad, yoveli meTormete qali sul cota erTxel saWiroebs samedicino daxmarebas ojaxuri Zaladobis gamo (8.4%). miuxedavad amisa, mxolod 2.7 procentma realurad iTxova samedicino daxmareba da erTi procenti moiqca ase ramdenimejer. 2005 wlis reproduqciuli janmrTelobis

35 ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb kanoni avaldebulebs Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, SeimuSavos da daadginos SezRudvis orderebis gacemis forma kanonis miRebidan erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi. generaluri prokuraturis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ganyofilebam saerTaSoriso amnistias 2006 24 agvistos acnoba, rom Sinagan saqmeTa saministro Seqmnida policiis im TanamSromelTa sias, romelTac SezRudvis orderebis gacemis uflebamosileba eqnebodaT. 36 dacvis orderis gauqmeba ar SeiZleba mxareTa mier Serigebis SemTxvevaSi iseT SemTxvevebSi, Tu "ojaxuri Zaladobis aqti arRvevs ojaxis sxva wevris, gansakuTrebiT mcirewlovanis uflebas." (muxli 13).

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kvlevis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, fizikuri ojaxuri Zaladobis Sedegad dazaralebuli qalebis mxolod oTxma procentma mimarTa daxmarebisaTvis samedicino dawesebulebas.

isini, vinc samedicino daxmarebas iTxoven, xSirad ar amxelen dazianebis mizezebs da samedicino personalic damatebiT kiTxvebs ar svams. qalTa umetesoba sircxvilis gamo siCumes inarCunebs, an ki imitom, rom ar sjeraT, rom samedicino personals ojaxuri Zaladobis problemebis mogvarebaSi ZaluZT daxmarebis gaweva.

swavlis periodSi samedicino muSakebs ar miuRia raime wvrTna ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxebze. aseve ar arsebobs saxelmZRvanelo miTiTebebi ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebze reagirebis Taobaze. saerTaSoriso amnistias miaCnia, rom saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos savaldebulo treningi samedicono personalisTvis, maT Soris eqimebis, eqTnebis, meaneebis, samedicino sferos studentebisa da sasamarTlo samedicino eqspertebisaTvis, raTa jandacvis sferos muSakebma SeZlon ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTa daxmareba da miasamarTon isini sxva iseT dawesebulebebsa da organizaciebSi, romlebic maT damatebiT konsultaciasa da mxardaWeras gauweven. damatebiT, kritikuli mniSvneloba eniWeba samedicino Canawerebis mkacri konfidencialurobis dacvas. amJamad, samedicino Canawerebi advilad xelmisawvdomia ojaxis sxva wevrebisaTvis.

zogierTma arasamTavrobo organizaciam Caatara ojaxuri Zaladobis treningi samedicino personalisaTvis, magram dafinansebis SezRudulobis gamo es proeqtebi mciremasStabiani iyo. q. Tbilisis didubis raionis poliklinikis Terapevti, nana narsia, romelic ukve 20 welia ubnis 2400-mde zrdasruls emsaxureba, ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxSi garkveulia, mas arasamTavrobo organizacia qalTa centris mier Catarebuli treningi aqvs gavlili. qalbatonma narsiam saerTaSoriso amnistias acnoba, rom regularulad uzdeba ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplebis mkurnaloba da rom zogierTi qali mas sxeulis dazianebebis warmoSobis Sesaxebac esaubreba: "axali tendenciaa, rom zogierTma qalma moaxerxa sircxvilis grZnoba gadaelaxa. zogierTi mTxovs detalurad aRvwero maTi dazianebebi, raTa saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi maT samedicino daskvna hqondeT sasamarTlosaTvis." 37

organizacia qalTa centris TanamSromelma ia verulaSvilma xazi gausva imas, rom samedicino personalis treningi ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTa mxardaWeris sakiTxebze mniSvnelovani imiTac aris, rom msxverplma saTanado samedicino daxmareba miiRos. "xSirad

37 saerTaSoriso amnistiis interviu. Tbilisi, 2006 wlis 18 aprili.

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ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli qalebi eqimTan sxvadasxva simptomebiT midian, rogorebicaa hipertnzia, uSviloba, uZiloba, saSvilosnodan sisxldeba an qronikuli Tavis tkivili. dRes eqimebi, rogorc wesi, ar ufiqrdebian problemis Tavdapirvel mizezs da amas ki seriozuli Sedegebebi SeiZleba mohyves daniSnuli mkurnalobis mxriv. uares SemTxvevaSi, informaciis uqonlobas Sedegad naklebad efeqturi mkurnaloba ganxorcieldeba."

TavSesafrebis saWiroeba ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTaTvis TavSesafrebis arseboba qalTa adamianis uflebaTa dacvis strategiis mniSvnelovani elementia. es TavSesafrebi droebiT usafrTxo adgils Tavazoben qalebs, romlebsac aRar surT Zaladobrivi urTierTobis gagrZeleba da sxvagan wasasvleli ki ar aqvT.

saqarTveloSi saxelmwifo TavSesafrebi ar arsebobs da xelisufleba ar uzrunvelyofs finansur an sxvagvar mxardaWeras im arasamTavrobo organizaciebisaTvis, romlebsac TavSesafrebis daarsebis survili aqvT. dReisaTvis saqarTveloSi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis ori TavSesafari muSaobs. ojaxuri Zaladobis zogierTi msxverpli iRebs amgvar daxmarebas qarTuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiisa da saqarTvelos evangelistur baptisturi eklesiisganac.

sawarTvelos Zaladobisgan dacvis qseli ganagebs TavSesafars, romelic usafrTxo droebiT sacxovrebel adgils da sxva momsaxurebas sTavazobs ojaxuri Zaladobisa da trefikingis msxverplebs, dawyebuli 2003 wlidan. es TavSesafari TbilisSi samoTaxian binaSia ganTavsebuli da aT adamianamde itevs. 2005 wels arasamTavrobo organizacias binis dacla mouxda da finansuri xelmokleobis gamo, Tbilisis municipalitets TxovniT mimarTa TavSesafris mosawyobad binis gamoyofis Taobaze. miuxedavad amisa, 2005 wlis 8 ivlisiT daTariRebuli weriliT, municipalitetis qonebis marTvis sammarTvelom Txovnas uariT upasuxa.

meore TavSesafars arasamTavrobo organizacia safari meurveobs. is 2006 wlis 2 ivliss gaixsna da maqsimum eqvs adamians itevs.38

2006 wlis 25 ivliss miRebuli ojaxuri Zaladobis kanoni aRiarebs damatebiTi TavSesafrebis Seqmnis aucileblobas. igi ambobs,

38 nana zazaSvilma aRniSna, rom Tumca misi arasamTavrobo organizacia zogadad ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplebTan muSaobs, es TavSesafari konkretulad qalebisa da bavSvebisTvis aris gankuTvnili.

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rom Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministrom an arasamTavrobo organizaciebma unda daaarson TavSesafrebi saministros mier dadgenili wesebis Sesabamisad. samwuxarod, am muxlis Sesruleba 2008 wlamde aris gadavadebuli. Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis regionalurma koordinatorma, eliso amirejibma TavSesafrebis daarsebis 2008 wlamde gadadebasTan dakavSirebiT Semdegi komentari gaakeTa: "moTxovna imdenad maRalia. rogor unda gavumklavdeT amas? erTis mxriv, gvinda avamaRloT sazogadoebis cnobierebis done Cveni organizaciis Sesaxeb da ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb da ra Tqma unda, Cven swored amas vakeTebT. meores mxriv, Cven mxolod erTi TavSesafari gvaqvs. Cven ver movicdiT. saswrafod gvesaWiroeba meti TavSesafari axlave." 39

Tamuna rva weliwadia qorwinebaSi imyofeba Tavis qmarTan. saerTaSoriso amnistias man ganucxada, rom qmari qorwinebis mxolod pirvel wels ar scemda mas. Semdeg, misi TqmiT, qmari mas kedels axeTqebda, TmiT iTrevda da scemda iseT adgilebSi, sadac dalurjeba ar gamoCndeboda. xSirad bavSvebis Tvalwinac scemda. qmarma isic scada, samsaxurSi siaruli aekrZala, magram Tamuna ar dasTanxmda biblioTekarad muSaobisaTvis Tavi daenebebina. "is mudmivad miyviroda ‘Sen adamiani ara xar. Sen cudi coli xar. cudi deda xar’," ixsenebs Tamuna. "nebismieri mizeziT mcemda. magaliTad, mcemda, rom "davesaje" Tu daviZinebdi, roca mas ar eZineboda an Tu diliT ar mivesalmebodi, maSinac ki, Tu amas imitom ar gavakeTebdi, rom ar gameRviZebina. rom gameRviZebina, es kidev erTi mizezi iqneboda, rom veceme." Tamuna mudmivad imis SiSSi iyo, "raime araswori" ar gaekeTebina. "is ambobda, rom Tamuna uyvars, magram mas rogorc Tavis sakuTrebas, ise uyurebda", ambobs Zaladobisagan dacvis erovnuli qselis warmomadgeneli. 2005 wlis oqtomberSi Tamunam TavSesafris arsebobis Sesaxeb Seityo da Zaladobisagan dacvis erovnuli qselis krizis-centrs mimarTa. male is TavSesafarSi gadavida. "rva wlis manZilze pirvelad meZina normalurad," Tqva man. TavSesafarSi yofnis ramdenime kviris Semdeg Tamunam gadawyvita qmarTan dabrunebuliyo da misTvis kidev erTi Sansi mieca. "man icis, rom me mxars Zaladobisagan dacvis erovnuli qseli miWers da jer ar vucemivar. magram vxedav, rom masSi agresia matulobs da vSiSob, erT dResac isev afeTqdeba da kvlav Zaladobas daubrundeba."

saerTaSoriso amnistia mouwodebs xelisuflebas uzrunvelyos, rom saqarTvelos masStabiT saswrafod daarsdes TavSesafrebi, raTa yvela qalsa da mis bavSvebs hqondeT usafrTxo wasasvleli adgili, Tuki es qali Zaladobrivi urTierTobisgan Tavis daRwevas gadawyvets.

39 saerTaSoriso amnistiis interviu. Tbilisi, 2006 wlis 13 aprili.

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moZaladeTa wesad qceuli dausjeloba saerTaSoriso amnistiis xelT arsebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, ojaxuri Zaladobis saqmeebis mxolod mcire nawili aRwevs sasamarTlomde. aRZruli sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebi, rogorc wesi, exeba sxeulis gansakuTrebiT mZime dazianebas an mkvlelobas.

qalebi iSviaTad aRZraven sasamarTlo saqmes intimuri partniorebis winaaRmdeg ojaxuri Zaladobis gamo. sircxvili, ojaxis dangrevis SiSi da finansuri damokidebuleba aris ramdenime im mizezTagan, romlebic gansazRvraven, Tu ratom ar mimarTaven qalebi sasamarTlos, rogorc maTi problemis mogvarebis SesaZlo gzas. arsebuli cnobebis Tanaxmad, rodesac Tavad qalebs ar surT qmrebis marTlmsajulebis winaSe wardgena, rogorc wesi sisxlis samarTlis sistema saqmes Sesabamisad ar iZiebs.

saerTaSoriso amnistiis mimarT 2006 wlis 24 agvistoTi daTariRebul werilSi, generaluri prokuraturis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ganyofileba acnobierebs ojaxur ZaladobasTan dakavSirebul dausjelobis problemas da xazs usvams, rom "ojaxuri Zaladobis saqmeebis drouli da efeqturi gamoZieba saqarTvelos sagamoZiebo sistemis erT-erTi prioritetia".

TinaTini qorwinebaSi ar imyofeba, magram 2000 wlidan cxovrobs Tavis partniorTan erTad TbilisTan axlomdebare sofelSi. arasamTavrobo organizacia konstituciur uflebaTa dacvis centris Tanaxmad, maTi erTad cxovrebidan ramdenime TveSi kacma TinaTins cema dauwyo. cema TandaTan gaxSirda da bolos yoveldRiuri gaxda. cnobis Tanaxmad, kaci sqesobrivi Zaladobasac mimarTavs. TinaTinma, misi cnobiT, policias mravalgzis mimarTa. Tavdapirvelad man policia ramdenimejer gamoiZaxa da cemisagan dacva sTxova. magram, rodesac misma partniorma gaigo, Tu vin gamoiZaxa policia, policiis TanamSromelTa wasvlis Semdeg ufro gacxarda da qalis cema gaagrZela. rodesac sxva gamosavali aRar Canda, TinaTinma, cnobis Tanaxmad, kvlav mimarTa policias da sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvra moiTxova. arasamTavrobo organizacia konstituciur uflebaTa dacvis centris TanamSromlis saSa noseliZis TqmiT, romelic TinaTinis saqmes meTvalyureobs, policiam TinaTinis SemTxvevaSi mis moTxovnaze mxolod "simboluri" reagireba moaxdina, sinamdvileSi ki zomebi miiRo, raTa saqme daxuruliyo. cnobebis Tanaxmad, policias ar daukiTxavs arcerTi mezobeli da erTi mezoblis Cveneba gaayalba. rogorc gairkva, es Cveneba SemdgomSi gamoyenebuli iqna saqmis dasaxurad. TinaTini Tvlis, rom policiam ar moaxdina saTanado reagireba da dafara misi partnioris danaSauli, radgan mas raionis

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policiis TanamSromlebTan axlo urTierToba aqvs. TinaTini jer isev mis partniorTan cxovrobs, radgan wasasvleli arsad aqvs. arasamTavrobo organizaciam waradgina Suamdgomloba prokuraturaSi, romliTac mouwodeben mas gamoiZios policiis samsaxurebrivi darRveva da mtkicebulebis gayalbebis faqti. damatebiT, arasamTavrobo organizaciasTan erTad TinaTinma meore Suamdgomloba Seitana, romelSic sTxovs xelisuflebas, aRiZras sisxlis samarTlis saqme misi partnioris winaaRmdeg. prokuraturam upasuxa, rom aRiZra saqme "samsaxureobrivi dokumentaciis gayalbebis" muxliT 40 2006 wlis TebervalSi da aseve TinaTinis partnioris winaaRmdeg aRiZra sisxlis samarTlis saqme. miuxedavad amisa, maisis bolos arasamTavrobo organizaciam saerTaSoriso amnistias Seatyobina, rom mis xelT arsebuli informaciiT, am ojaxur ZaladobasTan dakavSirebiT aranairi sagamoZiebo RonisZieba ar mimdinareobs.

Tu qalebs ar eqnaT praqtikuli SesaZlebloba Sewyviton Zaladobrivi urTierToba, arsebobs riski, rom zogi Zaladobis msxverplma eqstremaluri gamosavali airCios, rogoricaa TviTmkvleloba an moZaladis mkvleloba. Zaladobisagan dacvis erovnuli qselis TanamSromelma eliso amirejibma saerTaSoriso amnistias ganucxada, rom man icis ramdenime SemTxvevis Sesaxeb, rodesac qalebma, romlebsac qmrebi regularulad scemdnen wlebis ganmavlobaSi, mokles moZaladeni. eliso amirejibma Semdegi SemTxveva mogviTxro: "Tamar gaxokiZes, romelic axla 23 wlis aris, eqvsi wliT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa miesaja meuRlis mkvlelobisaTvis. qmari mas regularulad scemda. policia mis zarebs aRar pasuxobda. Cemi informaciiT, Tumca mezoblebma da misma garemocvam icoda, rom qmari mas mudmivad scemda, vake-saburTalos raionulma sasamarTlom es Semamsubuqebel garemoebad ar miiRo, rodesac 2005 wlis TebervalSi ganaCeni gamoitana." 41

ojaxur ZaladobaSi damnaSaveTa dausjeloba xels uwyobs ojaxuri Zaladobis arsebobas. mniSvnelovania, rom xelisuflebam sazogadoebas mkafio signali gaugzavnos, - rom ojaxuri Zaladoba arRvevs msxverplis adamianis uflebebs da rom is sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulia. xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma unda aimaRlon xma da imoqmedon, raTa uzrunvelyon saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi mkacri zomebis miReba; raTa ojaxuri Zaladobis danaSauli ar iyos patiebuli; da raTa Zaladobis msxverplebma miiRon saTanado kompensacia (reparacia), da iqnen saTanadod daculni.

40 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, muxli 341. 41saerTaSoriso amnistiis interviu. Tbilisi, 2006 wlis 13 aprili.

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saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba

arc saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi da arc 2006 wlis kanoni ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb ar Seicaven raime konkretul muxls ojaxuri Zaladobis sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulad gamocxadebis Sesaxeb. amave dros, 2006 wlis maisis kanonis me-9-e muxli xazs usvams imas, rom ojaxuri Zaladoba una ganixilebodes, rogorc aseTi danaSauli, rodesac is "Seicavs sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis niSnebs." sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis ramdenime muxli SeiZleba iqnas gamoyenebuli ojaxuri Zaladobis zogierT gamovlinebaSi, rogoricaa ganzrax mkvleloba, mkvleloba, ganzrax sxeulis mZime dazianeba, Tavdasxma, cema, pirovnebis TviTmkvlelobamde miyvana da gaupatiureba.

amavdroulad, saerTaSoriso amnistia SeSfoTebulia imiT, rom saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 27-e muxlis Tanaxmad, danaSauli, rogorc ganzrax sxeulis mcire dazianeba, 42 da cema 43 , Tundac ojaxuri Zaladobis konteqstSi Cadenili, SeiZleba iqnas gamoZiebuli mxolod msxverplis saCivris safuZvelze. saqme, rogorc wesi, wydeba, Tu momCivani da braldebuli Serigdebian.44

sisxlis samarTlis saqme gaupatiurebis (sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis muxli 137, nawili 1) 45 da sqesobriv kavSirze an sxva sqesobrivi aqtis iZulebiT daTanxmebis (muxli 139, nawili 1) 46 SemTxvevaSi mxolod msxverplis saCivris safuZvelze SeiZleba aRiZras, garda SemTxvevisa, roca saqmes "gansakuTrebul sazogadoebrivi mniSvneloba" eniWeba anda msxverpls ar SeuZlia Tavis dacva "braldebulze damokidebulebis gamo". aseT SemTxvevaSi prokurors ufleba aqvs aRZras saqme, Tumca, mxolod msxverplis werilobiTi

42 sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi muxli 120. 43 sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis muxli 125 dasjadad acxadebs "cemas da sxva Zaladobas, rac iwvevs msxverplis fizikur tkivils" magram es ar faravs ganzrax sxeulis dazianebas (117-e muxli). 44 saqme ar SeiZleba Sewydes mxolod mxareTa Serigebis SemTxvevaSi, Tuki saqmis msvlelobaSi mxareTa an mxolod msxverplis an misi warmomadgenlis moTxovniT CaerTo prokurori. prokurors SeuZlia kerZo saqmeSi monawileoba, Tu saqmes " gansakuTrebuli sazogadoebrivi mniSvneloba" eniWeba. 45 sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis muxli 137, exeba gaupatiurebas, Zaladobis muqaras an msxverplis umweobiT sargeblobas. muxlis me-2-e, me-4-e nawilebi exeba ganmeorebiT gaupatiurebas; 14 wlamde asakis pirTa gaupatiurebas da gaupatiurebas sxva damamZimebel garemoebebSi. 46 sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 139-e muxli, nawili 1 exeba sqesobriv kavSirSi an sxva sqesobriv qmedebaSi monawileobis daZalebas. nawili 2 exeba igive danaSauls mcirewlovanis mimarT.

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Tanxmobis safuZvelze. zemoT aRniSnuli arcerTi muxli ar acxadebs kanongareSed qorwinebaSi gaupatiurebas, Tumca amave dros, ar aris akrZaluli am muxlebis gamoyenebac gamoyeneba amgvar SemTxvevebSi. 2004 wlis maisis qalebis mimarT diskriminaciis akrZalvis komitetisadmi saqarTvelos angariSis Tanaxmad, moculi periodis ganmavlobaSi 139-e muxli (sqesobriv kavSirze an sxva sqesobrivi aqtebze iZulebiT daTanxmeba) qalebis mimarT Cadenili arcerTi sisxlis samarTlis saqmeSi ar figurirebs.

saerTaSoriso sazogadoebriobam naTlad gansazRvra, rom "sisxlis samarTlis saqmis gaxsnis ZiriTadi pasuxismgebloba ekisreba prokuraturas da igi ar aris Zaladobis msxverpli qalis pasuxismgebloba." 47 Tumca, saerTaSoriso amnistiis azriT, qalebs, ra Tqma unda, unda hqondeT saSualeba gaakeTon ganacxadi da moiTxovon saqmis gaxsna, sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvris ZiriTadi movaleoba saxelmwifos ekuTvnis yvela iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac saxezea danaSaulis Cadenis mtkicebuleba. qals unda eTxovos iyos mowme da ara samarTalwarmoebis iniciatori. mravali qveynis gamocdileba mowmobs, rom Tu sisxlis samarTlis warmoebis inicireba da gagrZeleba ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli qalis pasuxismgeblobaa, moZalade xSirad aiZulebs mas Sewyvitos samarTalwarmoeba. Tu qalis roli prokuraturis wamowyebul samarTalwarmoebaSi mowmis statusiT ganisazRvreba, misi usafrTxoeba ufro kargad aris daculi. amavdroulad, kanonma unda misces qals sruli ufleba uari ganacxados mowmed gamosvlaze. aseT SemTxvevebSi misi uaris mizezi miukerZoeblad unda iqnas gamokvleuli, rodesac es SesaZlebelia (magaliTad Semdgomi Zaladobis SiSi, sacxovreblis dakargvis safrTxe, a.S.).

ojaxur ZaladobaSi damnaSaveTa dausjelobis aRmosafxvrelad mniSvnelovania gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieqces sasamarTloSi dasaSveb mtkicebulebas. Tumca policiam SeiZleba aRmoaCinos dalurjebebi anda sxva dazianeba, da uzrunvelyos msxverplisTvis SesaZlebloba gaesinjos sasamarTlo-samedicino eqsperts, sirTuleebi SeiZleba warmoiqmnas iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac saqmeSi ar arsebobs mowme, an erTaderTi mowme mcirewlovani bavSvia. aris mosazreba, rom samarTalwarmoebis warmatebisaTvis dasaSvebi iyos Sesabamisi eqspertebis, rogoricaa socialuri muSakebi da qalTa da ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebi,

47 gaeros generaluri asambleis mier 1997 wlis 12 dekember miRebuli rezoluciis 52/86 nawili 7 (b), danaSaulis aRmofxvrisa da sisxlis samarTlis warmoebis sferoSi qalebis mimarT Zaladobis aRmofxvris sacdeli strategiebi da praqtikuli zomebi.

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sasamarTloSi mowmed gamosvla. aseTi mtkicebuleba SeiZleba moicavdes, magram ar iyos SezRuduli adre Cadenili ojaxuri Zaladobis incidentebis mtkicebulebiT da Zaladobis fizikur an fsiqologiur SedegebTan dakavSirebuli mtkicebulebiT.

winamdebare angariSis Sedgenisas, saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis mixedviT, ojaxuri Zaladoba ar iTvleboda Semamsubuqebel garemoebad - ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplis mier moZaladis mimarT danaSaulis Cadenisas. generaluri prokuraturis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis ganyofilebam 2006 wlis 24 agvistoTi daTariRebuli weriliT saerTaSoriso amnistias acnoba, rom ojaxuri Zaladobis aRmofxvrisa da masTan brZolisaTvis aucilebeli RonisZiebebis samoqmedo gegmis farglebSi, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi Sevidoda cvlilebebi, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnas ojaxuri Zaladobis Semamsubuqebel garemoebad aRiareba.

samarTalwarmoeba

radgan xelisufleba ar agrovebs yovlismomcvel statistikas ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebis gamoZiebasTan dakavSirebiT, romelic asaxavs damnaSavisa da msxevrplis sqessa da maT Soris urTierTobis saxes, ojaxuri Zaladobis sferoSi samarTalwarmoebis Sesaxeb informacia metad mwirea. ucnobia, Tu qalebis mimarT ojaxuri Zaladobis ramdeni saqme iqna aRZruli da ra SedegebiT dasrulda isini.

2006 wlis ianvarSi, axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciam mimarTa ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb statistikuri informaciis moTxovniT Sesabamis sasamarTloebs TbilisSi, maT Soris saqarTvelos uzenaes sasamarTlos, aseve generalur prokuraturas, q. quTaisSi myof regionalur prokuraturas da Sinagan saqmeTa saministros Sesabamis struqturebs. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom, Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlom da generalurma prokuraturam ganacxades, rom isini am sakiTxze statistikur informacias ar flobdnen da rom saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi ar Seicavs ojaxur Zaladobis, rogorc konkretul danaSaulis, ganmartebas.

uzenaesma sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom ojaxSi Zaladobis Sesaxeb 11 saqme Setanili iyo dabali instanciis sasamarTloebSi. TerTmetive SemTxvevaSi msxverpli qali iyo. maTgan eqvs SemTxvevaSi qmari fizikur da sityvier Seuracxyofas ayenebda yofil cols; erT SemTxvevaSi qmari eweoda Zaladobas colisa da bavSvebis mimarT da erT SemTxvevaSi msxverpli sidedri iyo.

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Sinagan saqmeTa saminsitros informaciisa da analizis departamentis informaciiT, 47 sisxlis samarTlis saqme iqna aRZruli ojaxuri konfliqtebis sakiTxze, saidanac eqvsi saqme sasamarTlos gadaeca da danarCenze mimdinareobs gamoZieba. departaments ar mouwodebia informacia saCivrebis formaze an damnaSaveTa da msxverplTa ojaxuri urTierTobebis Sesaxeb.

imereTis regionis prokuraturam ganacxada, rom 2005 wels prokuraturaSi Sesuli iyo 73 gancxadeba, romelic ojaxSi Zaladobas Seexeboda. saCivrebidan 11 exeboda ganzrax mkvlelobas da amaTgan oTx SemTxvevaSi, cnobisamebr, partniorebs mokluli hyavdaT coli an sayvareli. sxva saqmeebi exeboda mkvlelobis mcdelobas, ganzrax sxeulis dazianebas, sqesobriv Zaladobas da sxvadasxva nivTis gamoyenebiT janmrTelobisTvis zianis miyenebas. prokuraturas ar mouwodebia arc am SemTxvevebSi informacia ojaxuri urTierTobebis Sesaxeb.

baRdaTis, quTaisis, wyaltubosa da tyibulis prokuraturam saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacias acnobes, Tu sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis romeli muxli iqna gamoyenebuli 2005 wlis 1 ianvarsa da 2006 wlis 1 ianvars Soris periodSi Semosul ojaxuri Zaladobis Semcvel 21 saCivarTan dakavSirebiT. samwuxarod, prokuraturas ar daukonkretebia damnaSaveTa da msxverplTa Soris ojaxuri urTierTobis detalebi. danaSaulebi moicavdnen ganzrax mkvlelobas, ganzrax sxeulis mZime dazianebas, ganzrax sxeulis naklebad mZime dazianebas, gaufrTxileblobiT gamowveul sxeulis mcire dazianebas, fizikuri Zaladobis muqaras, aseve nivTebis ganadgurebasa da qonebis dazianebas. 48

samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoeba xSirad, rodesac qalebs survili aqvT Tavi daaRwion Zaladobriv urTierTobas, isini sasamarTlos mimarTaven ara moZaladis dasjis mizniT, aramed ganqorwinebis an qonebrivi uflebis dacvis moTxovniT. arasamTavrobo organizacia konstituciuri uflebebis dacvis centris TanamSromlis, aleqsandre SoSikelaSvilis gancxadebiT, "CvenTan iuridiuli daxmarebisaTvis mosul ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTa umravlesoba ufro metad ganqorwinebis Semdeg qonebrivi uflebis dacvasTan dakavSirebul konsultacias iTxoven." 49 xSirad sasamarTlo procesi didxans grZeldeba da gansakuTrebiT maSin, Tu qali jer kidev partniorTan erTad cxovrobs, Zaladobis riski gansakuTrebiT matulobs. kanonis Tanaxmad, sasamarTlom sarCelis miRebis Semdeg ori

48 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis muxlebi 108, 117, 118, 124, 151 da 187. 49 2006 wlis 29 maisis eleqtronuli fostiT korespondencia.

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Tvis ganmavlobaSi unda miiRos gadawyvetileba ganqorwinebis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT. praqtikaSi ganqorwinebis saqmeebi xSirad bevrad met dros ikavebs.50

lali xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi imyofeboda qorwinebaSi da hyavs ori Svili. qorwinebidan ori wlis Semdeg qmarma daiwyo misi cema, daSineba da sqesobrivi Zaladoba. cemis Sedegad, lalis xSirad hqonda Wrilobebi da dalurjebebi. rodesac misi qaliSvili cdilobda mis dacvas, qmari Svilsac scemda. lalim ramdenimejer mimarTa policias, magram policiis Carevam mis qmarze ar imoqmeda. 2003 wels lali qmars gacilda da bavSvebTan erTad sxva binaSi gadavida sacxovreblad. misi finansuri mdgomareoba sagrZnoblad gauaresda, ise rom rodesac qmarma ganucxada, rom is Seicvala, lali masTan dabrunda. lalis TqmiT, qmarma maleve isev daiwyo Zaladoba. dReisaTvis mas ojaxidan wamosvla ar SeuZlia, radgan binis dasaqiraveblad da bavSvebis sarCenad sakmarisi finansuri SesaZlebloba ar gaaCnia. qmari uars ambobs binis sajaro reestrSi registraciaze, raTa Tavidan aicilos misi gayofa binis gayidvis SemTxvevaSi. wyvilma bina qorwinebaSi yofnis periodSi SeiZina. lalim sasamarTlos mimarTa moTxovniT, rom qmarma daaregistriros bina da is gaiyos, ise rom man da bavSvebma SeZlon moZalade qmrad-yofilisgan calke cxovreba.

saerTaSoriso amnistia Tvlis, rom nebismieri iurisdiqciis saqmes (iqneba es ojaxuri saqme, rogoricaa ganqorwineba, sacxovreblis sakiTxi, rogoricaa moZalade mamakacis saxlSi dabrunebis akrZalvis orderi Tu TavdasxmasTan dakavSirebiT sisxlis samarTlis sarCeli), romelic Setanili iqneba ojaxuri Zaladobis riskis qveS myofi qalis mier, prokuraturisa da sasamarTlos mier prioriteti unda mieniWos. sadac ki dadgindeba ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxveva, sasamarTlo sakiTxs kompleqsurad unda miudges da prioriteti mianiWos riskis qveS myofi qalis da masze damokidebul pirTa usafrTxo sacxovreblis uzrunvelyofas. sasamarTloebma, romlebic muSaoben ojaxur, sacxovreblisa da sisxlis samarTlis sarCelebze, am miznis misaRwevad koordinirebulad unda imoqmedon.

dacvis zomebi droulad unda iqnas miRebuli da unda moicavdes qalebisaTvis konfidencialuri rCevis miRebis SesaZleblobas piradad an telefoniT, informaciis miRebas maTi samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlis uflebebis Sesaxeb, aseve socialuri da jandacvis momsaxurebis Sesaxeb. momsaxurebis am sferoebis TanamSromlebi

50 eleqtronuli fostiT korespondencia konstituciur uflebaTa dacvis centridan, aleqsandre SoSokelaSvilTan. 2006 wlis 2 agvisto.

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momzadebulni unda iyvnen da unda hqondeT mWidro kavSiri Sesabamis organoebTan, maT Soris policiasTan, socialuri, jandacvis da gansaxlebis organoebTan. isini mimarTuli unda iyvnen qalebisaTvis swrafi da kompleqsuri daxmarebis aRmosaCenad. amave dros, xazi unda gaesvas saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi qalebisaTvis dauyovneblad piradi usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis aucileblobas.

problemis grZelvadiani mogvarebis SesaZleblobebis ukmaroba

Tumca bevri qali mxolod droebiT tovebs Zaladobriv urTierTobas da naTesavebTan an megobrebTan gadadis, magram samudamod ki ar wyvets Tanacxovrebas moZalade partniorTan. xSirad amas gansazRvravs realuri grZelvadiani alternativis ararseboba.

qalebi, romlebsac cota an aranairi sakuTari finansuri saxsrebi ara gaaCniaT, gansakuTrebiT rTul mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndebian xolme, rodesac Zaladobrivi urTierTobis Sewyvetas moisurveben. saqarTveloSi sayovelTao ekonomiuri siduxWiris gamo am dilemis winaSe bevri qali dgas. sakuTari Semosavlis simwiris pirobebSi, roca sacxovreblis SesaZenad Tanxebi ar gaaCniaT, maT xSirad wasasvleli arsad aqvT Tu megobrebi an ojaxis wevrebi aseTi qalebis da maTi Svilebis samudamod Sesafareblad mzad ar arian.

xSirad saxli an bina, sadac ojaxi cxovrobs, qmars an mis mSoblebs ekuTvnis. Tumca saqarTveloSi qalebi da mamakacebi Tanabarni arian kanonis winaSe sakuTrebisa da memkvidreobis uflebebis mxriv, saxlebi da binebi tradiciulad mamakac memkvidreebze gadadis. 51 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis Tanaxmad, saerTo qonebad mxolod qorwinebisas SeZenili qoneba iTvleba da ganqorwinebisas unda gaiyos. 52 qorwinebamde SeZenili da memkvidreobiT an saCuqrad miRebuli qoneba meuRleTa calke sakuTrebas warmoadgens. 53 Sedegad, ganqorwinebis SemTxvevaSi, qalebi xSirad toveben meuRlis saxls/binas. bevri qarTveli wyvili mxolod eklesiaSi qorwindeba da oficialurad ar aregistrirebs TavianT

51 qeTevan dadunaSvili da sxv., Zaladoba qalebis mimarT da adeqvaturi sacxovreblis ufleba: saqarTvelos SemTxveva, 2003 wlis oqtomberi. (es angariSi momzadda arasamTavrobo organizacia qalTa sakonsultacio centri "saxlis", saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis da britanuli organizacia Oxfam-is saqarTvelos ofisis mier. moxseneba wardgenil iqna adeqvaturi sacxovreblis uflebis sakiTxebSi gaeros gansakuTrebul saqmeTa momxseneblis monawileobiT gamarTul aziisa da okeaniis regionaluri konsultaciebis dros, niu deli, indoeTi). 52 samoqalaqo kodeqsis muxli 1158. 53 samoqalaqo kodeqsis muxli 1161.

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qorwinebas. aseT SemTxvevaSi, wyvilis ganqorwinebisas samoqalaqo kodeqsis zemoT aRniSnuli pirobebi maTze ar vrceldeba.

gaeros gansakuTrebul saqmeTa momxsenebeli adeqvaturi sacxovreblis sakiTxebze (rac cxovrebis adeqvaturi stantartis uflebis Semadgenel komponentia da am konteqstSi diskriminaciis aRmofxvris ufleba), 2005 wlis TebervalSi gaeros adamianis uflebaTa komitetis angariSSi, qalebi da adeqvaturi sacxovrebeli, acxadebs, rom "qalebi, romlebic ojaxuri Zaladobis situaciaSi cxovroben, ZiriTadad araadeqvatur sacxovrebel pirobebSi imyofebian im Zaladobis gamo, rasac saxlSi xvdebian [. . .] bevri qali Zaladobrivi situaciidan ver gamodis, radgan alternatiuli sacxovrebeli da finansuri mxardaWera xelmisawvdomi ar aris. usafrTxo gansaxlebis uqonloba aseve xels uwyobs qalebis gadawyvetilebas, darCnen Zaladobriv urTierTobaSi.” 54 gaeros adamianis uflebaTa komitetma 2006 wlis angariSSi igive sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT ganacxada, rom "zogierTi Rrmad gamjdari kulturuli Teoriis mixedviT, qalma unda "miatovos" Zaladobrivi garemo, da ara moicilos moZalade partniori, rac xels uSlis qalebis mier adeqvaturi sacxovrebeli pirobebis qonis uflebis ganxorcielebas." 55 man mouwoda saxelmwifoebs "uzrunvelyon qalebisaTvis droebiTi, maT saWiroebaTa Sesatyvisi TavSesafris miReba da grZelvadianobis pirobiT adeqvaturi sacxovreblis SesaZleblobis SenarCuneba, raTa maT ar mouwioT Zaladobriv garemoSi cxovreba rom hqondeT adeqvaturi sacxovrebeli pirobebi." damatebiT, man mouwoda saxelmwifoebs "sacxovrebeli pirobebis Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobaSi da masTan dakavSirebuli socialuri politikis ganmsazRvrel dokumentebSi Seitanon ZaladobasTan brZolisaTvis aucilebeli garemoebebi da uzrunvelyon, rom ojaxuri Zaladobis kanonebSi Sevides muxlebi, romlebic daicavs qalTa adeqvaturi sacxovrebeli pirobebis mimarT qonebriv uflebas."56

marTalia, rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb kanoni ambobs, rom 2008 wlidan daarsdeba droebiTi TavSesafarebi ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTaTvis, cota ram miuTiTebs imaze, rom saxelmwifos mier miiReba zomebi Tavis valdebulebebis SesrulebisaTvis, raTa grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi uzrunvelyofil iqnas, rom ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpl qalebs xeli miuwvdebodeT usafrTxo da adeqvatur sacxovrebelze.

54 gaeros dokumentebi E/CN.4/2005/43, II Tematuri kvlevis Sedegebi, a 43. 55 gaeros dokumentebi E/CN.4/2006/118, II Tematuri kvlevis Sedegebi, b 33. 56 gaeros dokumentebi E/CN.4/2006/118, III daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi, 83 (d) da (e).

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Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis warmomadgenlebma saerTaSoriso amnistias ganucxades2006 wlis aprilSi, rom miuxedavad maT gankargulebaSi myof TavSesafarSi adgilebis raodenobis SezRudulobisa, da imisa, rom principSi maTi TavSesafari droebiTi gamosavalia da maqsimum sam Tvezea gaTvlili, xSirad am drois gagrZeleba xdeba saWiro.57 “Cven qals quCaSi ver vuSvebT, Tu sami Tvis Semdeg wasasvleli arsad aqvs. am dros mas stabiluri samsaxuri sWirdeba, raTa sakuTari Tavisa da bavSvebis Senaxva SeZlos da bina iqiraos. Cven vcdilobT davexmaroT qalebs, magram es erT-erTi yvelaze Zneli saqmea", - ambobs Zaladobisgan dacvis erovnuli qselis TanamSromeli nato SavlayaZe. 58 arasamTavrobo organizaciam saerTaSoriso amnistias 2006 wlis 27 ivliss Seatyobina, rom maT jgufs jer xelisuflebisagan ar mieRo aranairi mxardaWera, rodesac isini cdilobdnen ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli qalebisaTvis epovnaT samuSao an mudmivi xelmisawvdomi sacxovrebeli.

imisaTvis, rom Seiqmnas grZelvadiani gamosavali ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplTaTvis da saxelmwifom Seasrulos aRebuli valdebulebebi qalebis mimarT diskriminaciis aRmofxvrasTan dakavSirebiT, maT Soris genderul safuZvelze aRmocenebuli ojaxuri Zaladobis saxiT, saerTaSoriso amnistias miaCnia, rom xelisuflebam unda uzrunvelyos ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli qalebis profesiuli gadamzadeba, daexmaros maT samuSaos moZiebaSi, raTa am qalebma miaRwion ekonomiur damoukideblobas maTi (yofili) qmrebisagan. aseve xelisuflebam unda uzrunvelyos maTTvis adeqvaturi da usafrTxo sacxovrebeli pirobebi.

57 ojaxuri Zaladobis Sesaxeb kanonis me-18 muxli ambobs, rom TavSesafarSi darCenis vada ar unda aRematebodes or Tves. msxverplisa da Sesabamisi TavSesafris survilis mixedviT, es periodi SeiZleba gagrZeldes. kanonis Tanaxmad, "TavSesafarSi moTavsebis vadis amowurvis Semdeg, msxverplis mimarT safrTxis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, TavSesafris administracia valdebulia aRniSnulis Taobaze acnobos samarTaldamcav organoebs Semdgomi reagirebis uarunvelsayofad." damatebiTi cnobebi imis Taobaze, Tu ra saxis reagireba aris mosalodneli da risi ufleba aqvT samarTaldamcav organoebs, dakonkretebuli ar aris. 58 saerTaSoriso amnistiis interviu. Tbilisi, 2006 wlis 13 aprili.

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rekomendaciebi saqarTveloSi qalebis mimarT ojaxur Zaladobis winaaRmdeg saTanado warmatebis misaRwevad, saerTaSoriso amnistia saqarTvelos xelisuflebas mouwodebs:

• daeyrdnos 2006 wlis maisis “ojaxSi Zaladobis aRkveTis, ojaxSi Zaladobis msxverplTa dacvisa da daxmarebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis miRebiT gadadgmul pozitiur nabijs da ojaxuri Zaladobis mospoba da saqarTvelos mier qalebis mimarT yvela saxis diskriminaciis aRkveTis gaeros konvenciiT aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesruleba saxelmwifos mier adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sferoSi erT-erT prioritetad aqcios.

• Seagrovos sando da zusti statistikuri monacemebi, romelic asaxavs msxverplisa da damnaSavis sqessa da ojaxur kavSirs - rac Seexeba saqarTvelos masStabiT arsebul qalTa winaaRmdeg ganxorcielebul ojaxur ZaladobasTan dakavSirebul saCivrebs, gamoZiebisa da samarTalwarmoebis masalebs, da gaxados statistikuri monacemebi sazogadoebisaTvis xelmisawvdomi.

• uzrunvelyos yovel Sesabamis saxelmwifo dawesebulebaSi ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxze sakontaqto piris daniSvna, da aseve uzrunvelyos efeqturi uwyebaTaSoriso organos Seqmna, romelic koordinacias da fasilitacias gauwevs ojaxur ZaladobasTan dakavSirebuli samarTlebrivi aqtebis da saxelmwifo programebis warmatebul Sesrulebas.

• Seqmnas ojaxuri Zaladobis sakiTxebSi qmediTi uwyebaTaSorisi urTierTmimarTvebis sistema, romelic Seqmnis mWidro kavSirs iseT dawesebulebebs Soris, rogorebicaa samedicino dawesebulebebi, iuridiuli daxmarebis centrebi, krizis-centrebi, TavSesafrebi da policia.

• iTanamSromlos da sajarod dauWiros mxari ojaxsa da sazogadoebaSi Zaladobis sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, gamoiyenos maTi codna da gamocdileba qalebis mimarT Zaladobisa da msxverplTa dacvis erToblivi proeqtebis dagegmvisa da Sesrulebisas. mWidrod iTanamSromlos arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan adamianis uflebaTa sferoSi saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso valdebulebebis Sesrulebisa da saqarTvelos sinamdvileSi maTi ganxorcielebis strategiebis SemuSavebisas.

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• moiwvios da xelSewyoba gauwios gaeros qalebis mimarT Zaladobis, misi mizezebisa da Sedegebis Sesaxeb specialuri momxseneblis vizits saqarTveloSi, arsebuli samuSao SeTanxmebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

• uzrunvelyos sakmarisi informacia da sakavSiro wertebi ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli qalebis mier TavianTi SemTxvevebis gansacxadeblad SesaZlebis Sesaqmnelad, rac moicavs cxeli xazebis Seqmnas qveynis masStabiT, romelTac moemsaxureba momzadebuli kadrebi, maT Soris iuristebi da fsiqologebi; daibeWdos broSurebi da plakatebi, da gavrceldes saavadmyofoebSi, pirveladi jandacvis punqtebbsa da sasamarTloebSi; Seiqmnas Sesabamisi veb gverdebi internetze.

• droulad gamoyos saxelmwifo dafinanseba an aqtiurad moiZebnos donorebi, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnas Sesabamisi TavSesafrebis daarseba qveynis masStabiT, raSic saWiroa TanamSromloba iseT arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan, romelTac gaaCniaT ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpl qalebisTvis daxmarebis aRmoCenis saTanado gamocdileba.

• uzrunvelyos qalebis mimarT ojaxur ZaladobaSi damnaSaveTa sareabilitacio programis fokusireba ara mxolod profesiul gadamzadebaze, aramed aseve konfliqtis ara-Zaladobrivad mogvarebis, komunikaciis unar-Cvevebze da qalTa adamianis uflebebze.

• Seqmnas samarTaldamcavi organoebis qcevis kodeqsi, romelSic aisaxeba ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpl qalebTan muSaobis sferoSi arsebuli saukeTeso gamocdileba.

• uzrunvelyos moZalade mamakacebis asalagmavad Semakavebeli da damcveli orderebis gacemis sakanonmdeblo normebis ganxorcieleba, aseve jarimebisa da sxva kriminaluri sanqciebis aRsruleba.

• uzrunvelyos policiis TanamSromlebis, prokurorebisa da mosamarTleTa savaldebulo treningi, mimarTuli sazogadoebaSi qalebis Zaladobisagan dasacavad. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmos “ojaxSi Zaladobis aRkveTis, ojaxSi Zaladobis msxverplTa dacvisa da daxmarebis Sesaxeb” kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul damcveli da Semakavebeli orderebis gacemis, aRsrulebis zedamxedvelobis, da movlenaTa Semdgomi Tvalis gadevnebis amsaxveli saxelmZRvanelo wesebis Camoyalibebas.

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• uzrunvelyos eqimebis, eqTnebis, meaneebis, samedicino institutebis studentebisa da sasamarTlo samedicino eqspertebis treningi ojaxuri Zaladobis identifikaciasa da masze reagirebaSi.

• uzrunvelyos ojaxuri Zaladobis Semcveli samedicino Canawerebis konfidencialuroba.

• uzrunvelyos, rom prokurorebma da mosamarTleebma prioriteti mianiWon saqmeebs, romlebSic qalebi arian ojaxuri Zaladobis safrTxis qveS – iqneba es ojaxuri saqme, sacxovreblis sakiTxi Tu sisxlis samarTlis sarCeli - da rom maT droulad miiRon zomebi am qalebis usafrTxoebis misaRwevad. dacvis zomebi unda moicavdnen qalebisaTvis konfidencialuri sakonsultacio momsaxurebis swraf xelmisawvdomobas, saidanac maT SeeZlebaT miiRon saTanado informacia TavianTi samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlis kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis, aseve socialuri da jandacvis sferoebSi arsebuli programebis Sesaxeb.

• uzrunvelyofil iqnas qalebis mier qmris, Tanamacxovreblis an sxva intimuri partnioris mimarT saCivris SemTxvevebis drouli, miukerZoebeli da safuZvliani gamoZieba da sakmarisi dasaSvebi mtkicebulebebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi eWvmitanilebis samarTliani sasamarTlos winaSe wardgoma. aseT SemTvevebSi, momCivani, mowmeebi da sxva riskis qveS myofi pirebi yovelTvis daculni unda iyon daSinebisa da SurisZiebisagan.

• aRsruldes kanonmdebloba, romelic icavs qalebs da uzrunvelyofs ojaxSi Zaladobis danaSaulis iseTive seriozulobiT ganxilvas, rogorc sxva saxis Zaladoba, xolo gaupatiureba da qalebis mimarT sxva saxis Zaladoba aRiarebul iqnas sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulad yovelgvar konteqstSi.

• yvela saqmeSi, sadac dadasturebulia ojaxuri Zaladoba, sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvris valdebuleba pirvel rigSi daekisros saxelmwifos da ara ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpls. saxelmwifos amgvari valdebuleba exeba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis yvela muxls, romelic ki SeiZleba iyos gamoyenebuli ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevebSi, maT Soris ganzrax sxeulis mcire dazianebas (saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis muxli 120), cemas (muxli 125), gaupatiurebas (muxli 137, nawili 1) da iZulebiT sqesobrivi kavSirs da sxva sqesobrivi aqts (muxli 139, nawili 1).

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• uzrunvelyofil iqnas ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevaSi yvela sisxlis samarTlis saqmeSi mtkicebulebis warmodgenis SesaZlebloba Sesabamisi eqspertebis mier – rac moicavs socialur muSakebsa da qalTa arasamTavrobo organizaciebis eqspertebs, romlebic ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverplebTan muSaoben. aseT mtkicebulebad SeiZleba CaiTvalos, sxvaTa Soris – adre momxdari ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevis mtkicebuleba da Zaladobis fizikur an fsiqologiur SedegTan dakavSirebuli mtkicebuleba.

• uzrunvelyos, rom iseTi saqmeebis gamoZiebisas da samarTalwarmoebisas, sadac qalebi braldebulni arian partnioris an meuRlis mkvlelobaSi an ganzrax mkvelobaSi da sadac eWvi arsebobs ojaxuri Zaladobis istoriisa, sasamarTloSi warmodgenili iqneba Sesabamisi mtkicebuleba gansvenebul pirsa da mopasuxes Soris urTierTobis Taobaze, maT Soris, eqpertTa daskvnebi, zemoT aRniSnulisamebr; aseTi mtkicebuleba ganxilul iqnas sasamarTlos mier, rogorc SesaZlo Tavdacvis SemTxveva, an rogorc SesaZlo Semamsubuqebeli garemoeba ganaCenis gamotanisas.

• uzrunvelyos, rom ojaxuri Zaladobis yvela msxverpl qals miuwvdebodes xeli reparaciaze, maT Soris kompensaciasa da fsiqo-socialur da samedicino reabilitaciaze.

• uzrunvelyos ojaxuri Zaladobis msxverpli qalebisaTvis profesiuli gadamzadebis SesaZlebloba da daexmaros maT samsaxuris moZiebaSi, raTa maT miaRwion ekonomiur damoukideblobas TavianTi (yofili) qmrebisagan; aseve uzrunvelyos maTTvis adeqvaturi da usafrTxo sacxovrebeli pirobebi.

• amaRldes sazogadoebrivi cnobierebis done qveynis masStabiT mediis gamoyenebiT da skolebSi swavlis procesSi, ganimartos, rom genderuli Zaladoba adamianis uflebaTa darRvevaa imis miuxedavad, Cadenilia is saxelmwifo moxelis Tu kerZo piris mier.

• amaRldes sazogadoebis gacnobiereba im konstruqciuli nabijebis mimarT, romelsac saxelmwifo gadadgams ojaxur ZaladobasTan brZolisas da sajarod, yoveli SesaZleblobisTanave, gacxaddes qalebis mimarT Zaladobis aRmofxvris sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT xelisuflebis mtkice neba.

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• miawodos sazogadoebas informacia konvenciis arCeviTi protokolis Sesaxeb, romelsac saqarTvelo 2002 wels miuerTda da romelic saSualebas aZlevs qalebs damoukideblad da jgufurad sarCeliT TavianT adamianis uflebebis darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT pirdapir mimarTon qalebis mimarT diskriminaciis aRkveTis gaeros komitets (CEDAW).

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