Day : Date :

Activity : 3.3 (The Arrangement Of Particles in solid, liquid and gas) (textbook page 6 – volume 2)

Aim : To show the arrangement of particles in the three states of matter

Apparatus and material : refer textbook (textbook page 6)

Procedure :1. The apparatus as shown in Figure 3.3 (a) was prepared. After a few days, the

colour of the gel was looked.2. A glass tube was used to put a crystal of potassium permanganate into the test

tube. This is shown in Figure 3.3 (b). After 20 minutes, the colour of the water in the test tube was looked.

3. A gas jar was filled with smoke.4. Another gas jar was inverted over the first. This is shown in Figure 3.3 (c). The

observation was taken.

Observation :

1. The purple colour spreads ______________ in the gel after a few days.2. The purple colour of potassium permanganate spreads in the water in

a ________ minutes.3. The smoke from the burning paper spreads ___________ in the jar.

Questions : ( Number 1 – 3) – textbook page 61.2.3.

Conclusion :

1. The arrangement of particles in solid __________________________.2. The arrangement of particles in liquid _________________________.3. The arrangement of particles in gas ___________________________.

Day : Date :

Activity : 3.6 Density (textbook page 11 )

Aim : To find the densities of various objects with regular or irregular shapes.

**Statement of problem : How to determine the densities of different substances with a regular or an irregular shapes?

**Variable :1) Constant variable : volume of water in measuring cylinder2) Manipulated variable : type of substances3) Responding variable : densities of substances

Apparatus and material : refer textbook (textbook page 11 )

Procedure :

1. A metal cube was weighed with a beam balance. Its mass was recorded.2. A measuring cylinder was filled with water until it is half full. The initial reading

of the measuring cylinder was recorded.3. The metal cube was tied with a string. It was lowered into the water. The final

reading of the measuring cylinder was recorded.4. Steps 1 to 3 were repeated using a plasticine sphere, a stone and a glass stopper

instead of the metal cube.5. The readings were recorded in a table.6. The density of each object was calculated.

Observation : (refer table in your textbook page 11)Object Metal cube Plasticine

sphereStone Glass

stopperMass (g)

Initial reading of measuring cylinder (ml)(A)

140.0 140.0 140.0 140.0

Final reading of measuring cylinder (ml)(B)

143.0

Volume (cm3) (final reading – initial reading )

(B – A)

Density (g/cm3)( Density = Mass ) Volume

Questions : ( Number 1 – 6) – textbook page 11

1. What physical quantitities are measured in the above activity? Mass 2. Explain how you calculated the volumes of the objects. First weighing them and then finding their volume by using water displacement method. 3.Which object has the highest density? Metal cube4. Explain why this object has the highest density. Because it has the highest mass.5. Use the same mass of plasticine. Increase its volume. How will its density change? Density will decrease.6.Explain how to find the density of a piece of cork that floats on water. Cork sink by tieng it to stone.Drag the string to cork. Drag and drop cork into measuring cylinder to measure the volume

Conclusion :

The density of objects with a regular or an irregular shape can be determined by first weighing them and then finding their volume by the water displacement method.The density can be calculated using the _________ formula ( Density = )

Day : Date :Activity : 3.7 Density (textbook page 12)

Aim : To find the densities of different liquids.

Statement of problem : How to determine the densities of different liquids ?

Variable :1)Constant variable : volume of water in measuring cylinder

2)Manipulated variable : type of liquids 3)Responding variable : densities of substances

Apparatus and material : refer textbook (textbook page 12)

Procedure :1. An empty beaker was weighed with a beam balance. Its reading was recorded.2. 100 ml of water was poured into the beaker. The beaker and water was weighed.

The reading of the beam balance was recorded.3. Steps 1 and 2 were repeated by using kerosene, cooking oil and salt solution.4. The readings were recorded in a table.5. The density of each liquid was calculated.

Observation : (refer table in your textbook page 12)

Object Water Kerosene Cooking oil Salt solution

Initial reading of balance (g)Final reading of Balance (g)Mass (g)Density (g/cm3)( Density = Mass ) Volume

Questions : ( Number 1 – 3) – textbook page 121. Which liquids are less dense than water?(depends on your result)(theory : cooking oil and kerosene)

2. Which liquid is more dense than water?(depends on your result)(theory : salt solution)

3.Explain why sea water is more dense than fresh water.Because sea water has more quantities of salt in the water.

Conclusion :The densities of liquids can be determined by first weighing a certain volume of the liquid and then calculating the density using the _______ formula .Density = Mass Volume