Report

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Information System Management A report on Library Management System Software Cost Estimation Using COCOMO II Model

Transcript of Report

Page 1: Report

Information System Management

A report on

Library Management System

Software Cost Estimation

Using COCOMO II Model

Submitted toDr. Abu Turab Alam

Course Instructor

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Library Management SystemSoftware Cost Estimation using COCOMO II

Submitted byM. Kamran Zubairy

Roll No.: 2005-3-21-4930

MBA (Executive), IoBM

Date: 16 December, 2007

College of Business Management

Letter of Authorization

16 Dec 2007

Dear Reader

As a students of IoBM, I have been authorized by Dr. Abu Turab Alam to prepare a term report on “Library Management System Software Cost Estimation using COCOMO II Model”. This report is an integral part of our course ‘Information System Management’ to be submitted by 16 Dec, 07.

The report required an in-depth research to be conducted before compiling a detailed account of the underlying knowledge. All attempts have been made to provide you with an informational report detailing credible data and results to educate you on this subject.

Sincerely

M. Kamran ZubairyRoll No: 2005-3-21-4930Phone: 0333-214-3970

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Library Management SystemSoftware Cost Estimation using COCOMO II

Letter of Transmittal16 Dec 2007

Dr. Abu Turab AlamCourse InstructorInstitute of Business Management

Dear Dr. Alam

Please find enclosed a report on “Library Management System Software Cost Estimation using COCOMO II Model” that you authorized me to prepare. This report provides an understanding of estimating software cost using COCOMO II model. Application composition model of COCOMO II has been used for this purpose. IEEE 830 SRS for the same software was provided by you to extract object points from.

If there be any clarification demanded, I would appreciate a call on the contact number given below.

Sincerely

M. Kamran ZubairyRoll No: 2005-3-21-4930Phone: 0333-214-3970

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Library Management SystemSoftware Cost Estimation using COCOMO II

Contents

Letter of Authorization........................................................................................................................ 2

Letter of Transmittal............................................................................................................................ 3

Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 5

Introduction to COCOMO II Model.....................................................................................................5

COCOMO II Sub-models................................................................................................................... 6

Object Points in Application Composition Model................................................................................6

Steps to calculate Efforts using Application Composition Model........................................................6

Screens.............................................................................................................................................. 7

Reports.............................................................................................................................................. 7

Modules............................................................................................................................................. 8

Total Weighted Object Points............................................................................................................8

Productivity Level............................................................................................................................... 9

Reuse................................................................................................................................................ 9

Effort.................................................................................................................................................. 9

Total Software Cost Calculation......................................................................................................10

Cost Drivers..................................................................................................................................... 10

Software Cost.................................................................................................................................. 10

Total Cost Grid................................................................................................................................. 10

Project Duration and Staffing...........................................................................................................12

Exponential Value (B)...................................................................................................................... 12

Sources............................................................................................................................................ 12

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Library Management SystemSoftware Cost Estimation using COCOMO II

IntroductionThis report is part of the course of Information System Management, which shows the usage and

importance of SRS to the management and its team and moreover explains how to estimate the cost

of such products. As future managers it is very important for us to learn how to estimate the cost of

software products.

The main objective of this report is to estimate the cost of the software with the help of cost

estimation modules.

A library management system software requirement specification is taken in order to estimate

the cost of system

To understand the art and science of software cost estimation techniques, which as a future

manager would be helpful for us in making educated decisions

Introduction to COCOMO II Model COCOMO II allow for spiral development model instead of waterfall model only

Use Function Points, Object Points and LOC for Sizing

COCOMO II includes same activities as COCOMO 81

o development activities are included: documentation, planning & control, software

configuration management (CM)

o excluded: database management, general CM, Management

COCOMO II has add-on effort for back-end Transition Phase (conversion, installation,

training)

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Library Management SystemSoftware Cost Estimation using COCOMO II

COCOMO II Sub-modelsThere are following three sub-models in COCOMO II:

Application Composition Mode : prototyping, use of existing components, based on

“Object Points”

Early Design Model : architectural design stage, closest to original COCOMO, uses

Function Points as Size estimation

Post-Architecture Model :For actual development stage & Maintenance; Uses FPs or

SLOC as size measure; Most detailed COCOMO II model

Object Points in Application Composition ModelObject Point estimation is a relatively new software sizing approach, but it is well-matched to the

practices in the Applications Composition sector. It is also a good match to associated prototyping

efforts, based on the use of a rapid-composition Integrated Computer Aided Software Environment

(ICASE) providing graphic user interface builders, software development tools, and large, composable

infrastructure and applications components. In these areas, it has compared well to Function Point

estimation on a nontrivial (but still limited) set of applications.

Following are some of the highlights of objection point model:

Object points are alternative measure to function points when similar languages are used for

development.

Object points are easier to estimate from a specification rather than function points, as they

are simply concerned with screens, reports, and programming language modules.

They can therefore be estimated at a fairly early point in the development process.

The number of object points in a program is weighted estimate of:

o The number of separate screens that are displayed.

o The number of reports that are produced by the system

o The number of program modules that must be developed to supplement the database

code.

Steps to calculate Efforts using Application Composition Model1. Assess Application Counts: estimate the number of screens, reports and 3GL components

2. Classify each element instance to simple, medium and difficult complexity levels

3. Weigh the number in each cell. The weights reflect the relative effort required to implement

an instance of that complexity level

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4. Determine Application Points = add all the weights to get 1 number, the Application Point

Count

5. Estimate the percentage of reuse & compute the New Application Points (NAP) to be

developed

6. Determine a productivity rate

7. Compute the estimated person-months

ScreensThe complexity of the screens can be judged by the following:

Simple Screen counts as 1 Object Point. Moderately Complex Screen counts as 2 Object Points. Highly Complex Screens counts as 3 Object Points.

The number of separate screens that are displayed in the system are as follows:

Object Section Simple Medium ComplexCount Wt. Total Count Wt. Total Count Wt. Total

Library user account manage system 2 1 2            Book borrowing system 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 3Book recall system       1 2 2 1 3 3Search book record       2 2 4      Subtotal     4     8     6Total                 18

ReportsThe complexity of the report generation can be judged by the following:

Simple Report counts as 2 Object Point. Moderately Complex Reports counts as 5 Object Points. Highly Complex Reports counts as 8 Object Points.

The number of separate reports that are generated by the system are as follows:

Object Section Simple Medium ComplexCount Wt. Total Count Wt. Total Count Wt. Total

Sign out books report             1 8 8Overdue books and penalty report       1 5 5      Patron report       1 5 5      Book purchase report             1 8 8Report printing and export             1 8 8Subtotal           10     24Total                 34

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Library Management SystemSoftware Cost Estimation using COCOMO II

ModulesModules are imperative programming language code that must be developed to supplement the database access and decision logic blocks.

The number of separate modules that are required by the system are as follows:

Object Section Simple Medium DifficultCount Wt. Total Count Wt. Total Count Wt. Total

Data Entry 2 2 4 1 5 5 1 10 10Library user account manage system 1 2 2 1 5 5 1 10 10Book borrowing system 4 2 8 3 5 15 1 10 10Book recall system 1 2 2 1 5 5 1 10 10Search book record 1 2 2 1 5 5 1 10 10Update book database       2 5 10      Subtotal     18     45     50Total                 113

Total Weighted Object Points  Screens Reports Modules TotalSimple 4   18 22Medium 8 10 45 63Difficult 6 24 50 80Total 18 34 113 165

Total Number of Screens + Total Number of Reports Generated + Total Modules Used by the System

=> 18 + 34 + 113=> 165 –> Total Weighted Object Points (NAP)

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Productivity Level

The table has been generated to show the levels of object point productivity.

OBJECT POINT PRODUCTIVITYDeveloper's Experience and Capability Very Low Low Nominal High Very HighCASE Maturity and Capability Very Low Low Nominal High Very HighPROD (NOP/Month) 4 7 13 25 50

Reuse

- User account management module – 5% of the code- Date entry via calendar – 2% of the code- Total Reuse of code = 7%

Effort

PM = [NAP * (1 - % reuse/100)] / PROD

Where:

NAP = 165Reuse% = 7%

Therefore:

=> [165 * (1 – 0.07)] / 25

=> 6.138 ~ 6 Person-Months

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Total Software Cost CalculationThere are three components taken into account for calculating the Total Software Cost of the project, which are as follows:

The cost of the hardware for executing the system. The cost of the platform (computer plus software) to develop the system. The cost of the effort required to develop the system.

Cost Drivers

Cost Driver

Type Description RatingVery Low

Low Normal High Very High

Extra High

RELY Product Required system reliability 0.75 0.88 1 1.15 1.39CPLX Product Complexity of system modules 0.75 0.88 1 1.15 1.3 1.66DOCU Product Extent of documentation required 0.89 0.95 1 1.06 1.13TIME Computer Execution time constraint 1 1.11 1.31 1.67ACAP Personnel Capability of project analysts 1.5 1.22 1 0.83 0.67PCAP Personnel Programmer capability 1.37 1.16 1 0.87 0.74PCON Personnel Personnel continuity 1.24 1.1 1 0.92 0.84LTEX Personnel Language and tool experience 1.22 1.1 1 0.91 0.84TOOL Project Use of software tools 1.24 1.12 1 0.86 0.72SITE Project Extent of multi-site working 1.25 1.1 1 0.92 0.84 0.78

Software Cost

SC = Effort Estimate x RELY x CPLX x DOCU x TIME x ACAP x PCAP x PCON x LTEX x TOOL x SITE x Rs. 100,000

=> 6.138 PM x 1.15 x 0.88 x 1.06 x 1.11 x 0.83 x 0.87 x 0.84 x 0.84 x 0.86 x 0.84 x Rs. 100,000=> Rs. 269,010.9

* Estimated Average Cost of One Person-Month is Rs 100,000, which covers salaries and operational expenses per person.

Total Cost Grid

Total CostFactor Description ValueRELY Required system reliability 1.15CPLX Complexity of system modules 0.88DOCU Extent of documentation required 1.06TIME Execution time constraint 1.11ACAP Capability of project analysts 0.83PCAP Programmer capability 0.87PCON Personnel continuity 0.84

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Library Management SystemSoftware Cost Estimation using COCOMO II

LTEX Language and tool experience 0.84TOOL Use of software tools 0.86SITE Extent of multi-site working 0.84Total Effort   6.14 PMSoftware Cost   Rs. 269,010Hardware Cost   Rs. 300,000Total Cost   Rs. 569,010

* Estimated Hardware Cost is Rs. 300,000 (assuming purchase of 10 PCs at the cost of Rs. 30,000 per PC.)

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Library Management SystemSoftware Cost Estimation using COCOMO II

Project Duration and StaffingThe project managers also estimate how long the software will take to develop and when staff will be needed to work on the project.

Through the COCOMO Model, the following formula is used to estimate the Calendar Time (TDEV) that is required to complete the project:

TDEV = 3 x [PM ^ {0.33 + 0.2 * (B – 1.01)}]

* PM is the effort computation.* B is the exponent.* This computation predicts the nominal schedule for the project.

Exponential Value (B)

In COCOMO II, a continuous range of values is possible for exponent B. This exponent is based on five scale factors (rated on a six-point scale from Very low (5) to Extra high (0)). The rating is then added and divided by 100 and then added to 1.01 to get the exponent. Following are the scale factors and their ratings as per the project of Library Management System:

Exponent CalculationExponent Factor Description ValuePrecedentedness Required system reliability 3Development flexibility Complexity of system modules 1Architecture/risk resolution Extent of documentation required 5Team cohesion Execution time constraint 2Process maturity Use of software tools 2Total Rating 13Divide by 100 and Add to 1.01 1.14

Therefore, the Exponential Value would be:

Therefore:

TDEV = 3 x [6 ^ {0.33 + 0.2 * (1.14 – 1.01)}]

=> 5.68 ~ 6 Months

Thus, the project will take an estimated time of 6 months to be completed.

Sources http://yunus.hun.edu.tr/~sencer/objectp.html http://sern.ucalgary.ca/courses/seng/621/W98/johnsonk/cost.htm

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