RENEWAL 3 Regional Workshop

12-14 March 2007

Heia Safari Lodge, South Africa

Objectives of the workshop

1. To review major current issues concerning AIDS, livelihoods, food and nutrition security in the region

2. To finalize research plans for RENEWAL’s third phase

3. To provide a platform for sharing information amongst partners and stakeholders, and initiating new collaborations.

RENEWAL: origins and evolution

Stuart Gillespie

International Food Policy Research Institute

Regional Network on AIDS, Livelihoods and Food Security

Heia Safari Lodge, South Africa, 12 March 2007

HIV and AIDSHIV and AIDS

Food insecurity and malnutritionFood insecurity and malnutrition - chronic- chronic

- acute- acute

A brief history of RENEWAL

• 2000 Exploratory work on AIDS and food security• 2001 IFPRI-DFID Consultation

Loevinsohn and Gillespie 2003

Vulnerability of Livelihood Systems

Vulnerable Groups - Orphans, Elderly and Youth Headed Households,

Effect on InstitutionsCommunity-based, Civil society, Market, State, Global

OutcomesNutrition, Food Security, Education, Community Cohesion, Income

Effect on AssetsHuman, Financial, Social, Natural, Physical, Political

ResponsesIndividual, Household, Community

Susceptibility

HIV

Stigma and Discrimination

The Vicious Cycle of Malnutrition and HIV

Insufficient dietary intakeMalabsorption , diarrheaAltered metabolism and

nutrient storage

Increased HIV replication

Hastened disease progression

Increased morbidity

Increased oxidative stress

Immune suppression

Nutritional deficiencies

Source:Semba and Tang, 1999

Key gaps

• Understanding of dynamic interactions• Understanding of how to respond• Capacity to respond

A brief history of RENEWAL

• 2000 Exploratory IFPRI work on AIDS and food security• 2001 IFPRI-DFID Consultation,

First national workshop in Mangochi, Malawi• 2002 RENEWAL launched (Malawi, Uganda)

IFPRI/ISNAR Research on AIDS, food security and food aid

The Regional Network on HIV/AIDS, Rural

Livelihoods, and Food Security (RENEWAL)

Facilitated by IFPRI, RENEWAL brings together national networks of researchers, policymakers, public & private

organizations, and NGOs to focus on the interactions between HIV/AIDS and food and nutrition security.

www.ifpri.org/renewal

Goal

• To ensure food and nutrition security in the context of AIDS epidemics, and

• To maximize the food and nutrition sector’s contribution to a comprehensive global response to AIDS

Core pillars/processes of RENEWAL

Action research

CommunicationsCapacity

RENEWAL active in Kenya, Uganda, Malawi, South Africa, Zambia

A brief history of RENEWAL

• 2000 Exploratory IFPRI work on AIDS and food security• 2001 IFPRI-DFID Consultation,

First national workshop in Mangochi, Malawi• 2002 RENEWAL launched (Malawi, Uganda)

IFPRI/ISNAR Research on AIDS, food security and food aid

• 2003 Network-building, think tanks, workshopsZambia and South Africa join RENEWAL

• 2004 ISNAR transition to IFPRI8 studies initiated (RENEWAL 1)Case studies and synthesis on OVCs

NATIONAL COORDINATOR

IFPRI contract

RENEWAL PROJECTS

Action Research

Capacity Strengthening

Communications

Implemented by RENEWAL Partners

DIRECTOR

IFPRI - Geneva

RENEWAL NETWORK FACILITATORInternational Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

FUNDING

International and country level

donors & agencies

PROPOSALS

Developed jointly by RENEWAL Partners and

IFPRI

International Peer Review

REGIONAL COORDINATOR

IFPRI - Nairobi

NATIONAL ADVISORY PANEL (NAP)

Guides, prioritizes & endorses proposals

RENEWAL NATIONAL NETWORKNational Focal Institution

The Effects of HIV/AIDS on Agricultural Production Systems in Zambia: A Restudy

CARE International ZambiaInternational HIV/AIDS Alliance, FAO

HIV/AIDS and Community Resilience in Zambia: Understanding the Implications for Food and Nutrition Policies

Farming Systems Association of ZambiaMinistry of AgricultureMichigan State UniversityIFPRI Washington DC

HIV/AIDS, Food and Nutrition Security in South Africa: Understanding and Responding

University of Western Cape, South AfricaIFPRI, Washington DC

Promoting agricultural innovation in AIDS affected rural households in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Farmer Support Group, KwaZulu-NatalVrije Universiteit, Amsterdam

HIV/AIDS, land reform and land-based livelihoods in 3 provinces in South Africa

Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa

Impact of HIV/AIDS on inter- and intra-generational information flows among smallholder farmers, Malawi

Chancellor College, MalawiICRISAT-Malawi

HIV/AIDS, rural livelihoods and depeasantisation in Malawi: finding pathways to social recovery

CARE International MalawiCenter of Social Research, MalawiUniversity of Leiden, Netherlands

Farming Systems and Resilience to HIV/AIDS in Malawi

Institute for Policy Research and Analysis for Dialogue, Blantyre, Chancellor College

First Phase RENEWAL Studies (2004-2005)

A brief history of RENEWAL

• 2000 Exploratory IFPRI work on AIDS and food security• 2001 IFPRI-DFID Consultation,

First national workshop in Mangochi, Malawi• 2002 RENEWAL launched (Malawi, Uganda) IFPRI/ISNAR

Research on AIDS, food security and food aid• 2003 Network-building, think tanks, workshops

Zambia and South Africa join RENEWAL• 2004 ISNAR transition to IFPRI

8 studies initiated (RENEWAL 1)Case studies and synthesis on OVCs

• 2005 Food Policy Review 7 (>150 studies reviewed)Durban ConferenceKenya joins RENEWAL, Ethiopia start-up activities

• 2006 8 new studies initiated (RENEWAL 2)International AIDS Conference, Toronto“AIDS, Poverty and Hunger” published

Dealing with vulnerability: parents efforts to secure the future of their children (regional)

University of Cape Town, University of KwaZulu Natal, IFPRI, Southern Africa Vulnerability Initiative (SAVI)

Tuberculosis: An Additional Tipping Stress to Poor Households in South Africa and Zambia

Stellenbosch University, S.Africa; University Teaching Hospital, Zambia

HIV/AIDS, Food and Nutrition Security and Urban-Rural Linkages in Southern Africa

IFPRI, RENEWAL, Southern African Migration Project

Integrating Nutrition Security with Treatment of People Living with HIV in Western Kenya

Moi University, AMPATH, IFPRI, Columbia University USA, World Bank

HIV/AIDS Mortality and the Role of Woodland Resources in the Maintenance of Household Food Security in Rural Limpopo Province, South Africa.

SUNRAE Program; University of Witwatersrand, University of Colorado at Boulder, USA

Gender Issues in HIV/AIDS and Food/Nutrition security among Internally Displaced People’s Camps in Uganda

Makerere University

Land Ownership and Food Security in Uganda: A Study of the Use and Control of Land Among Households of Women Affected by HIV/AIDS in Four Districts

Makerere University and National Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS

The Effects on Rural Livelihoods of Increasing Rates of HIV/AIDS-related Illness and Death in Zomba South, Malawi

Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Bunda College of Agriculture, Zomba

Second Phase RENEWAL Studies (2005-2006)

Conclusions of the 2005 Durban Conference

Simultaneously:

1. Strengthen individual, household and community capacity to avoid HIV and to respond to AIDS

2. Preserve and enhance livelihood options and strategies- incentives for community mobilisation and development

- address real constraints (labor-saving or cash-saving?)

3. Protect vulnerable groups- Social protection is more than “safety nets”- children affected by HIV and AIDS

4. Strengthen governance and capacity

RENEWAL 3Protecting Livelihoods and Ensuring Food

Security in the Time of AIDS

2007-2010

RENEWAL 3

• Research in three thematic areas:1. AIDS, agriculture and livelihood security

2. AIDS, community resilience and social protection

3. AIDS and nutrition security

• Capacity strengthening• Communications• Five “hub” countries, but now also linking with others

(e.g. Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Mozambique) • By 2010, networks become self-governing.

Theme 1: AIDS, Agriculture and Livelihood Security

• Food insecurity and risk of exposure to HIV• Multiple stressors / vulnerabilities and interactions with AIDS• Impacts of AIDS on assets and investment incentives• Internally, what modifications are needed so that the

agricultural sector can contribute to poverty reduction in the context of AIDS?

• Externally, how can the agricultural development community contribute to a comprehensive response to AIDS?

• AIDS and the environment

Theme 2: AIDS, Community Resilience and Social Protection

• Identify ways to strengthen and extend community responses

• Linking state-led support to community-driven responses

• AIDS-sensitive social protection

• Dynamics ~ responding to changing constraints and needs of people, households and communities affected by AIDS

• Protecting children affected by AIDS ~ principles, processes, interventions

Theme 3: AIDS and Nutrition Security

• Nutritional support ~ linking to ARV therapy effectively

• Sustainable nutrition security of affected households and communities

• HIV lens ~ operational implications of rethinking nutrition from this perspective

• Defining the role of nutrition in social protection

Capacity strengthening• New strategy involves training and orientation in:

– thematic knowledge, research methods, data analysis skills, project management, proposal writing, writing for publication, communication skills.

• Strengthening RENEWAL’s physical network and connectivity

• National and regional workshops• Maintaining and extending research partnerships, with

South-South and North-South links.• Learning grants scheme• Capacity progressively strengthened as communications

increases access to relevant information

Communications and knowledge management

• “Inreach” and outreach• New outreach strategy to be implemented

– Messages, stakeholders, tools– Who, what, how

• Revamped RENEWAL website• Updating living evidence base on web• Tool pool (concepts, principles, methods, processes)• Bibliography of key documents (links to other sites)• Building on RENEWAL and Durban conference networks

(links to UNAIDS, SADC, NEPAD, SARPN etc)• Briefs, papers, CDs, journal articles, books

IMPACT

Research: scientific, operational

Action:policy

interventionslocal responses

Capacity Communications

Livelihood/food security

HIV & AIDS

Nutrition