Renewable Hybrid: Combined energy sources and experience ... · 10/10/2003 · Europe’s largest...
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© Fraunhofer Prof. Dr. Kurt Rohrig Fraunhofer IWES Bangkok, June, 30th 2017 Renewable Hybrid: Combined energy sources and experience sharing
Transcript of Renewable Hybrid: Combined energy sources and experience ... · 10/10/2003 · Europe’s largest...
© Fraunhofer
Prof. Dr. Kurt Rohrig
Fraunhofer IWES
Bangkok, June, 30th 2017
Renewable Hybrid: Combined energy sources and experience sharing
© Fraunhofer
▪ Introduction
▪ Why use Hybrid Power Plants?
▪ Overview on Hybrids and RE Hybrids
▪ Emerging Technologies for RE Hybrid and Trends
▪ Implementation and Possibilities
▪ Conclusion and Outlook
Fraunhofer IWES | Energy System TechnologyBranch Kassel
Our service portfolio deals with current and future
challenges faced by the energy industry and
energy system technology issues.
We explore and develop solutions for sustainably
transforming renewable based energy systems.
Employees: approx. 310
Annual budget: approx. 22 Mio EUR
Director: Prof. Dr. Clemens Hoffmann
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RES Development in Germany – a successful story?
In 2016, for the first time, renewables generally supplied the largest share of gross electricityconsumption (29%) and thus more than the nuclear and brown coal power plants !!!
46 GW Wind Capacity 41 GW PV Capacity
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Power Generation and Consumption in GermanyExample: May 7 – 13, 2016,
May, 8, 2016 at 11:00
88% of the consumption (~64 GW) is covered by RES (27GW PV, 21GW Wind)
High demands on accurate RES forecasts and energy management
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Definition: Hybrid / Virtual Power Plant (VPP)
Source: Virtual Power Plant (VPP), Definition, Concept, Components and Types, Saboori, 2011, IEEE
“A virtual power plant is a cluster of dispersed generator units, controllable loads and storage systems, aggregated in order to operate as a unique power plant. The generators can use both fossil and renewable energy source. The heart of a VPP is an energy management system (EMS) which coordinates the power flows coming from the generators, controllable loads and storages. The communication is bidirectional, so that the VPP can not only receive information about the current status of each unit, but it can also send the signals to control the objects.”
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Combine different power characteristics -> Increase flexibility
Optimize your portfolio
Combine generation, storage and loads
Enlarge your backup capacity
Benefits of Hybrid Power Plants
25 €/MWh 40 €/MWh 60 €/MWh
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Virtual Power Plant Vattenfall
• Operation of heat pumps and micro / mini-CHP in houses depending on current prices
• Previous experience: high ICT costs make profitability more difficult
Source: http://www.vattenfall.de/de/virtuelles-kraftwerk.htm
Existing Hybrid Power Plants in Operation
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Evonik/STEAG – Virtual Power Plant
• Provision of Tertiary Control Power (thefirst application)
Quelle: http://power-saar.steag-saarenergie.de/de/index.php?jump=http://power-saar.steag-saarenergie.de/de/02_Leistungen/03.php
Existing Hybrid Power Plants in Operation
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Existing Hybrid Power Plants in Operation SIEMENS – Decentralized energy management system DEMS
• Multiple applications
Source: SIEMENS Reference Number: ICSG201310039-01
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Installierte Leistung Anzahl Anlagen Installierte Leistung Anzahl Anlagen
SolarWindBiomasse
RE-Hybrids / VPP: Herculean Task „Energiewende“German Energy Supply – Today and Tomorrow
Current situation renewable energies
▪ >100 GW for 1.6 million power generators
▪ Most facilities without management
▪ Few power generators with remote meter access
▪ Separate consideration of different sectors (Power, Gas, Heat, Transport, Water)
▪ Limits of stability will be reached
Renewable energies in “2050“
▪ More than 250 GW and 5 million power units
▪ Complete supply from renewables – economically and secure
▪ All power generators with active management
▪ Smart-Grid / -Market fully applied
▪ Consideration of different sectors together
>100 GW 1.6 million devices
2016
“2050“
> 250 GW
Installed capacity Number of Units Installed capacity Number of Units
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RE Hybrid / VPP - Central Tool for the Energy System Transition
Support of:
Energy generation by demand: using intelligent management
Compliance with the Schedule: internal automatic Redispatch
Reduce the risk: smoothing effects by aggregation of renewable energies
Market access: for every type of facility (bridge between. Smart-Grid / -Market)
Scalability and Aggregation: Any kind of facility, installed capacity, number of plants
Standardized protocols : efficient communication architecture
Sector transcending management: power, gas, heat, transport, waterThe virtual power plant
» power plant type of the future«Secure system integrationrenewable energies as substitution of the large scale power plants
Why RE-Hybrids / VPP?
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Why RE Hybrids / VPP? - Smoothing of Wind Fluctuation in Europe
Wide area balancing reduces flexibility and storage efforts
PLEF: Pentalateral Energy Forum
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Why to use RE Hybrid Power Plants?
Schedule
Real Production
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RE Hybrid Power Plants – Different Optimization Goals
System Operation
Energy Trade
Consumer
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The German Kombikraftwerk Project – a Successful Demo
Wind Solar Biogas HydroImport/
Export
12,6 MW 5,5 MW 4,0 MW 1,0 MW 1,0 MW
Load coverageof German electricPower 1/10000at any time
Operation of realRES power plants
German Climate Award 2009
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Is a secure grid and system operation with nearly 100% Renewable Energy Sources feasible?
Kombikraftwerk 2 – Grid / Service Security
Main PRP contribution : PV,
electrolysis, batteries
Main PRP contribution: WPP
Main PRP contribution:
methane, pump storage
Kombikraftwerk 2: Improvement of Frequency Characteristics
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E-Energy: Renewable Model Region Harz
Renewable Power Plant Harz
GenerationControlable
Loads Storage
Device Control
Market Information
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Weather Forecast
Power Plants / Units
Data Processing
Energy Management System (EMS)
IEC
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IEC
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Sch
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Control Room
Grafical User Interface (GUI)
RE Hybrid Power Plant / VPP – How does it work?
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VPP Plant communicat ion
Prices andPrediction
dataPortfolio-
Commitment-Optimisation
Central Controller
Communication BoxDV Port
Optimal Schedule
Interfaces
Plant Operator
VPP Operator
Marketers
Direct-Marketers VPP
VPP: Manage Renewable Energy and Power
Communication
and Control Power Request
Tool: IWES.VPP
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VPP – Basic Architecture
• 3-tier-architecture (Frontend , Backend, Database)
• Platform independent (Windows / Linux) - based on Java technologies
• Adapters for relational database e.g. Oracle, NOSQL Mongo DB,…
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WindfarmsPhotovoltaic plants
Biogas plantsOPC DA Server
CHPOPC DA Server
IEC 60870-5-104
VPP – Communication Protocols
Standardisation is crucial!
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Mix: 60 MW Wind - 20 MW Biogas CHP
Application: Co-ordination of Wind and Biogas / CHP
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Biogas
Kombi
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Application: Coupling of the Electricity Grid and the Gas Pipeline System
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Application: Grid Support by Wind Farms
Online Grid
information
Online power forcast
Set point to the local wind farm controller
Input
EHV-Grid
Tool: IWES.WCMS
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100%
5047 48 49 51 52 53
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min
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Frequency [Hz]
Frequency Support / Control Power Provision
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Time
Po
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Reserve Power
Reduced Power
Time
Energy feed-in
Control Power
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Deterministic power forecast
Measured Power
Prob(X<this)= 99.9%
Prob(X<this)= 0.1%
Probabilistic Quantile Forecast
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Power Control with Wind Farm Clusters
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Frequency Support – Control Power ProvisionDemonstration: Primary and Secondary Reserve by Wind Farms
www.kombikraftwerk.de
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Future Trends: Internet of Things IoT
IoT: combine technical and business requirements by advanced architecture
Smart Grid Architecture Model
Mo Di Mi Do Fr Sa So Mo Di Mi Do Fr Sa So
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-100
-50
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Wochentag
Kon
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ione
lle E
rzeu
gung
PSW-Turbine
Batteriespeicher
Gas GuD/GT
BHKW
Gas - KWK
Wärmepumpen
E-Mobilität
Klimatisierung
Batteriespeicher
PSW-Pumpe
PtH
PtG
Abregelung
-150
-75
0
Residuallast
RL - Im + Ex
-30
015
Netto-Export
Netto-Import
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40
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200E
rneu
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rzeu
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GWErzeugung und Strombedarf in Deutschland 2050 - Meteo-Jahr 2006, 15./16. Kalenderwoche
Last
Photovoltaik
Wind Offshore
Wind Onshore
Biomasse
Laufwasser
rene
wab
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(GW
)
conv
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nalg
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dad
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W)
net importnet export
loadPVwind offshorewind onshorebiomassrun-of-river
residual loadrl - imp + exp
PHS turbine
batteries dissch.gas turb. /CCPPCHPgas – cogen.heat pumpsel. cars
climatisationbatteries chargePHS pumpPtHPtGcurtialment
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
Future Trends: Sector Coupling
Simulation: Demand and generation in Germany – scenario 2050Import and Export, Sector Coupling
Tool: IWES.SCOPE
Balancing: Demand and Generation in Germany 2050
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Future Trends: Smart Home / ProsumerLocal Energy Managemet – Regulation and Incentives
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Federal state »Hessen«
Future Trends: Sustainable Urban Energy Concepts with RES
Structure of the Energy System Frankfurt/M 2050
Based on 95% renewable energy sources regionally generated
Surrounding region »FrankfurtRheinMain«
City of Frankfurt am MainGeneration on city area ConsumerBuilding levelDistrict
Local mobility
Residential
Services
Industry
32%
42%
9%
17%
61%
21%
18%
22%12% HeatSolarthermal
5276 GWh100%
Accumulators2.3 GWh
Electricity
Export Import22%
0,4%
-18% 10%Wind
PVHydro
Accumulators2.0 GWh
20% 84%4964 GWh
100%
Efficiency:Reduction of theenergy demand
from 2012 to 2050
- 64%
- 53%
- 11%
- 78%
- 10%
- 79%
- 72%
From fossil fuels + electr.to electric vehicles only
All data final energy
Heatpump
CHP
CHP
Boiler
24%
Districtheating 42%
andindustry
CHP
CHP
5% -5%
23%
17%
6%
Waste
Solid Biomass
Biogas
36%
Total generation 9759 GWh
© Fraunhofer
A safe and stable 100% RES power supply is technically feasible if renewable energygeneration, storage and flexible power plants with renewable gas interact intelligent
Wind power plants and PV-plants are able to provide control power
Renewable Energy Hybrids / VPP will support power plant operators, market players, and grid operators
IoT will be the opener for advanced solutions and the link between technical and business requirements
Sector-coupling and urban energy management are crucial for the transition of the energy supply system
Precise wind and solar power prediction will reduce efforts for risk management and balancing
Renewable Energy Hybrids / VPP are the key element for future energy supply structures with high share of RES
Conclusion and Outlook
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Training and Knowledge Transfer at Fraunhofer IWESWe offer our "know-how pool" in different arrangements.Our target groups include decision-makers, specialists and executives from business and administration as well as students.With our IWES experts and with our broad network of experts from industry, consulting and universities, we provide basic and detailed knowledge on the use of renewable energies.
Characteristics
▪ National as well as international trainings / workshops
▪ Day or week seminars regarding aspects of wind , PV-solar, and bio energy
▪ Master program and certificate program Online M. Sc. Wind Energy Systems
▪ Customer-oriented specific trainings on demand
Visit: https://www.energiesystemtechnik.iwes.fraunhofer.de/
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Thank You for Your Attention!
Any Questions and Remarks?
Wind and Solar Power Prediction
Tool: IWES.WPMS
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Water infrastructureFraunhofer IGB, Fraunhofer ISI
Production & LogisticsFraunhofer IML, Fraunhofer IPA
BuildingsFraunhofer IBP
Systemic approach for innovative urban developmentFraunhofer Morgenstadt Initiative
interfaces
player
processes
Business models
technologies
Information & ICTFraunhofer FOKUS
Security and protectionFraunhofer IFF
Resource cyclesFraunhofer UMSICHT, Fraunhofer ISC
Economic development & business innovation Fraunhofer IAO, ETG, LSE Cities
Governance & planning Fraunhofer IAO
Energy and ResourcesFraunhofer IWES
Mobility & trafficFraunhofer IAO
SystemCompetence
ProcessCompetence
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BACKUP SLIDES
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Reactive power demand by AC-load flowcalculation
Reactive power provision by estimation ofimpact of connected plants
Congestion detection by n-1-reliability analysis
Congestion management by multitude ofdecentralized plants
MV
Ar
im
Mit
tel
Kombikraftwerk 2: Grid Management and Voltage Control
© Fraunhofer
Black Start Support: Black-Start Concepts with RESIntegration of RES-Plants in black start concepts
Black start concept
• Black start capable power plant
• Conventional plant
• Loads
• RE-plant
Integration of RE plants in blackstart concepts
Improved planability
Higher flexibility
Robust reconstruction paths
Durchführer
Wind farm stabilizes frequency
Concepts need to be modified
Additional functions are required
Publication: H. Becker; T. Hennig; A. Akbulut, D. Mende, L. Hofmann:
Netzwiederaufbaukonzepte: Mögliches Zusammenspiel zwischen
Windenergieanlagen und thermischen Kraftwerken, Konferenzbeitrag
KELI, VGB-Powertech, Köln 2016
Development of Black-Start ConceptsUse case: Windfarm supports restart of steam power plant
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Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM)
Grafische Veranschaulichung des Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM)
Bildquelle: Siemens AG
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Why to use RE Hybrid Power Plants?
Fields of Expertise
Energy informaticsEnergy informaticsEnergy informatics
Device and System Technology
Electrical Grids
Energy Process Engineering
Energy Economics and System Design
Energy Meteorology and Renewable Resources
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VPP - Architecture Backend / Graphical user interface
VPP
Forecasts
