Renewable Energy in The Netherlands June 2015

Dr. Martien Visser

Professor Energy Transition & Network Integration

Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen

Partner of the Energy Academy Europe

E-mail: [email protected]

This analyses contains information of various sources and own analyses, including various estimates.

Readers are encouraged to add, to improve the quality of the information provided.

June-15

Electricity production by Solar PV reached a record level of 0.16 TWh

Electricity production by Wind doubled compared to 2014

Average utilization of wind capacity was 21% and for solar-PV 18%

Net power imports increased substantially compared to the first months of 2015

Coal usage in Dutch power generation increased by 30% y-o-y.

Simultaneously, gas used to generate power decreased by 50% y-o-y.

Dutch CO2 emissions are on par with 2014.

The fraction renewable power increased from 8.7% (June 2014) to 11.4%.

The fraction of renewable energy was 6.5%, compared to 6.1% in June 2014.

June 2015

In a Nutshell

June-15

• June 2015 data

• Monthly profiles

• Monthly data

• Hourly data

• Miscellaneous

Content

June-15

SELECTED ENERGY DATA FROM JUNE 2015

June-15

Final Energy Demand

June 2015

Energy is used for many different purposes. In June 2015, the most

important applications were heating/gas (15 TWh) and Transport (26 TWh).

Renewables are given by comparison.

June-15

16.3

12.0 11.38.6

5.94.0 3.2 2.8 2.6

0

5

10

15

20

Gas** Road Transport* Shipping*Power Feedstock* Industry*Aviation* Coal** Ren-Energy*

June 2015TWh

Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, etc.., own analyses

*estimated

**excl. gas&coal-to-power

Final Energy Demand

June 2015 (vs 2014)

In June 2015, gas consumption was higher than last year, mainly due to lower

temperatures. Based on CBS data, energy used for feedstock is estimated to be

significantly lower than in June 2014. Due to higher wind and solar-PV,

renewable energy was higher than last year.

June-15

1.5

-0.2-0.1

0.0-2.5

-0.3-0.5 0.1

0.5

-3.0-2.0-1.00.01.02.03.04.0

Gas** Road Transport* Shipping*Power Feedstock* Industry*Aviation* Coal** Ren-Energy*

June 2015 versus June 2014TWh

Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, own analyses

*estimated

**excl. gas&coal-to-power

CO2 Emissions

June 2015

The national CO2 emissions for June 2015, excluding power imports, feedstock and international

shipping & aviation, have been estimated at 12.1 Mton. This was the same as in June 2014. The main

CO2 contributions came from the power sector, road transport and gas utilization.

June-15

2.93.3 3.2 3.0

1.7

1.1 0.9 1.0

0.0

0.9

0112233445

Mton CO2 June 2015

*do not contribute to the national CO2 target

** excl. gas & coal to power

Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, RIVM,

CE-Delft, own analyses

In June 2015, the available capacity in wind power has increased by 100 MW

Power Generation Capacity June 2015

June-15

13728

6643

3204

630 1265 492

0

4000

8000

12000

16000

20000

Gas Coal Wind Biomass* Solar Nuclear

Sources: TenneT, GTS, CBS, KNMI, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, Windstats, own analyses

MW June 2015

Power Supplies

June 2015

In June 2015, power consumption was 8.6 TWh, the same as last year. Most power is

generated by coal-fired power stations. The usage of coal for power generation increased by

31% y-o-y. In June 2015, the average contribution from renewables to the power system was

11.4%, compared to 8.7% in June 2014.

June-15

1.86

3.21

0.48

0.16 0.36 0.34

1.94

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

NatGas Coal Wind Solar-PV Biomass Nuclear Net imports

Sources: TenneT, GTS, CBS, KNMI, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, own analyses

TWh June 2015

Power Supplies

June 2015

The CO2 emissions from imports are given for comparison, as these emissions do not

contribute to the National Dutch CO2 emission level. In June 2015, 80% of the CO2 emissions

from the power sector came from coal-fired power stations.

June-15

0.6

2.6

0 0 0 0

0.9

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

natgas coal wind solar biomass nuclear imports

Sources: TenneT, GTS, CBS, KNMI, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, own analyses

Mton

CO2

June 2015

SELECTED MONTHLY PROFILES

(using daily data)

June-15

Daily power demand shows a week-weekend pattern. Daily gas demand

(excluding gas demand for power) is mainly used for the heating market and

affected by ambient temperature.

Gas and Power Demand June 2015

June-15

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1-Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun

Power Gas*

June 2015GWh

Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, etc.. own analyses *excluding gas-to-power

Due to significant power imports, coal-fired power stations showed a week-weekend

pattern. Gas-fired generation used, is typically must-run capacity (e.g. cogeneration) or

assumed to be necessary to balance the system. On June 9th, the Dutch nuclear power

station of Borsele was off-line.

Conventional Power Production June 2015

June-15

0

50

100

150

200

250


Coal Gas Nuclear

June 2015GWh

Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, Windstats, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc., own analyses

June was rather sunny and hence, combined with a significant increase in installed

capacity, Solar-PV production for the third consecutive month. 1 GWh is sufficient to

provide power for a year to 300 households.

Wind and Solar Power Production June 2015

June-15

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


Wind Solar-PV

June 2015GWh

Sources: TenneT, Windstats, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses

Renewable energy peaked to 7% on June 2nd, while the fraction of renewable power

peaked to 23% that day. Note that the method to calculate the percentage of

renewable energy has been adjusted (see sheets 26 & 27).

Contribution of Renewable Energy June 2015

June-15

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%


Ren% Power Ren% Prim.

June 2015

Sources: CBS, GTS, TenneT, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc.., own analyses

SELECTED MONTHLY ENERGY DATA

June-15

For the six consecutive month, gas demand (excluding gas demand for power

production) was higher than in in the same month in 2014, due to lower

temperatures in 2015 compared to 2014

Gas Demand 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, Windstats, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses

2015 (2014)TWh

Due to lower production from the Groningen gas field and declining gas production

from the North Sea, Dutch gas production in 2015 is considerable lower than in 2014.

10 TWh gas is sufficient to supply heat to all houses in Amsterdam for two years

Gas Production 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

0102030405060708090

Sources: GTS, own analyses

2015 (2014)TWh

Power demand in June was the same as last year.

Power Demand 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Sources: TenneT, CBS, own analyses

2015 (2014)TWh

Wind power production is volatile. Wind production in June 2015 was 100% higher

than in June 2014, partly due to increased wind capacity and mainly due to more

wind availability. In June 2015, the average utilization of wind capacity was 21%.

Wind Production 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.9

Sources: CertiQ, KNMI, own analyses

2015 (2014)TWh

In June 2015, electricity production by Solar PV in The Netherlands reached a new

record level of 161 GWh (0.16 TWh). This was 45% higher than in June 2014, mainly

due to increased Solar PV capacity. In June 2015, the average utilization rate of solar-

PV capacity was 18%.

Solar PV Production 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

0.000.020.040.060.080.100.120.140.160.18

Sources: PolderPV.nl, CertiQ, Klimaatmonitor, KNMI, own analyses

2015 (2014)TWh

For the six consecutive month, coal utilization for power generation increased

significantly. In June, the average utilization rate of coal-fired power stations in

the Netherlands is calculated to be 67%. This percentage includes maintenance.

Coal-to-Power 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

0.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.5


2015 (2014)TWh

In June 2015, power production by gas-fired power stations and cogeneration was less

than half compared to the same month in 2014. In June 2015, the average utilization

rate of gas-fired capacity was just 19%. This number includes maintenance and

mothballed installations.

Gas to Power 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses

2015 (2014)TWh

In 2015, significantly more gas is imported via Gate terminal compared to 2014.

LNG imports 2015 (and 2014)

June--15

0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.8

Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses

2015 (2014)TWh

Renewable Energy All Sources

2015 (and 2014)

In June, the Dutch National Statistical Office (CBS) released a report stating that the

utilization of biomass (‘wood’) by households was significantly underestimated.

Moreover, new (higher) data for the usage of bio-oil became available for 2014. The

data for 2014 (and 2015) have been adjusted using this new information.

June-15

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0


2015 (2014)TWh

The calculation of the percentage of renewable energy for The Netherlands, as fraction of final energy demand

(EU definition), has been adjusted this month, taking into account the estimates of the Dutch Statistical Office

about the usage of gas, coal and electricity for non-energy purposes. The effect is a 10% (relative) higher

estimate for the percentage of renewable energy.

Renewable Energy Percentage 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%


2015 (2014)

In June 2015, Dutch national CO2 emissions were at the same level as last year. The effects of larger

amounts of renewables and more imported power has been compensated by a higher utilization of

coal to generate power and lower ambient temperatures and thus, a higher gas demand.

CO2 Emissions 2015 (and 2014)

June-15

02468

1012141618

Sources: GTS, TenneT, CBS, CE-Delft, Windstats, PolderPV, KNMI, etc., own analyses

2015 (2014)Mton

SELECTED HOURLY ENERGY DATA

June-15

In June 2015, substantial gas volumes were used to fill gas storages, depicted as

negative values in the figure. Maximum gas supplies (import + production) were more

than 80.000 MW.

Gas Supply June 2015

June-15

-40000

-20000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000


Natural Gas Supply June 2015

Storages Gas import LNG Terminals Production

MWh


On June 24th, gas demand in The Netherlands peaked to more than 40.000 MW.

Interesting to see that high gas demand in the week after June 22nd coincided with low

levels of storage injection (previous sheet).

Gas Demand Including Gas-to-Power

June 2015

June-15

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000


Gas Demand June 2015

Industry LDC points

MWh


Gas Imports & Exports June 2015

In May 2015, Dutch imports were higher than exports. In June, the Netherlands became

(again) a net exporting country. The level of gas imports and exports is about 40.000 MW.

June-15

-80000

-60000

-40000

-20000

0

20000

40000

60000


June 2015

Gas export Gas import

MWh


Power Imports & Exports May 2015

In June 2015, not much power exports were recorded while power imports soared

compared to the first few months of 2015. Typically, the Netherlands imports about

4000 MW of power, while it exports about 1000 MW.

June-15

-4000-3000-2000-1000

01000200030004000500060007000


June 2015

Power import Power export

MWh

Sources: TenneT, own analyses

In June 2015, the utilization rate of the available wind capacity was 21%. This

percentage is significantly higher than last year.

Wind Power June 2015

June-15

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Wind Power June 2015MWh

Sources: CertiQ, KNMI, etc., own analyses

In June Solar-PV reached a new Dutch record level of 161 GWh. Solar-PV peaked to

more than 800 MW on several days in the first half of June. In June, the average

utilization rate of the solar PV installed was 18%.

Solar PV Power June 2015

June-15

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000


Solar Power June 2015MWh

Sources: PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses

The following set of slides presents for each month

in 2015 the hourly contributions of various energy

sources to total power consumption in The

Netherlands.

June-15

Power Generation January 2015

In the week of 20-24 January, power generation peaked, due to the net exports that

occurred. The majority of the additional power generation has been generated by gas-

fired installations.

-20000

2000400060008000

100001200014000160001800020000

1-Jan 8-Jan 15-Jan 22-Jan 29-Jan

Net import Nuclear Other Renewable Coal NatGas

MW January 2015

sources: CBS, TenneT, KNMI, GTS, CertiQ, etc. & own analyses Data are added

June-15

Power Generation February 2015

Like in January, low wind availability coincided with net exports of power.

-20000

2000400060008000

100001200014000160001800020000

1-Feb 8-Feb 15-Feb 22-Feb


MW February 2015


June-15

Power Generation March 2015

Relatively low imports of power occurred in March. On several Saturdays, some net exports were recorded.

-20000

2000400060008000

100001200014000160001800020000

1-Mar 8-Mar 15-Mar 22-Mar 29-Mar


MW March 2015


June-15

Power Generation April 2015

Relatively low imports of power occurred in April. On several occasions, mainly on Saturdays, net exports were recorded. April showed several

days with high coal-fired generation, while gas-fired generation was low.

June-15

-20000

2000400060008000

100001200014000160001800020000

1-Apr 8-Apr 15-Apr 22-Apr 29-Apr


MW April 2015


Power Generation May 2015

In May, high net imports and high coal utilization squeezed gas-fired power generation.

June-15

-20000

2000400060008000

100001200014000160001800020000

1-May 8-May 15-May 22-May 29-May


MW May 2015


Power Generation June 2015

In June, high net imports and high coal utilization squeezed out gas-fired power generation.

June-15

-20000

2000400060008000

100001200014000160001800020000



MW June 2015


The following set of slides presents for each week in

2015 the hourly contributions of wind and solar-PV

to the total power consumption in The Netherlands.

June-15

Hourly Solar-PV and Wind Generation 2015

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

5-Jan 6-Jan 7-Jan 8-Jan 9-Jan 10-Jan 11-Jan

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015

Sources: TenneT, CertiQ,, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc.., own analyses

June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015

Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc.., own analyses

June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015

Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, etc., own analyses

June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

26-Jan 27-Jan 28-Jan 29-Jan 30-Jan 31-Jan 1-Feb

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

2-Feb 3-Feb 4-Feb 5-Feb 6-Feb 7-Feb 8-Feb

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015

Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, KNMI, PolderPV.nl, etc., own analyses

June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015

Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, KNMI, PolderPV.nl, etc., own analyses

June-15


0

20004000

60008000

1000012000

1400016000

1800020000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

23-Feb 24-Feb 25-Feb 26-Feb 27-Feb 28-Feb 1-Mar

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


MWh 201

June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

2-Mar 3-Mar 4-Mar 5-Mar 6-Mar 7-Mar 8-Mar

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015

Sources: TenneT, CertiQ, Windstats, Klimaatmonitor, PolderPV.nl, KNMI, own analyses

June-15


0

20004000

60008000

1000012000

14000

16000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

30-Mar 31-Mar 1-Apr 2-Apr 3-Apr 4-Apr 5-Apr

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

6-Apr 7-Apr 8-Apr 9-Apr 10-Apr 11-Apr 12-Apr

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


June-15


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


June-15


June-15

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

27-Apr 28-Apr 29-Apr 30-Apr 1-May 2-May 3-May

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015



June-15

0

20004000

60008000

1000012000

1400016000

1800020000

4-May 5-May 6-May 7-May 8-May 9-May 10-May

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015



June-15

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015



June-15

0

20004000

60008000

1000012000

1400016000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015



June-15

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

1-Jun 2-Jun 3-Jun 4-Jun 5-Jun 6-Jun 7-Jun

Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015



June-15

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000


Rest Wind solar-PV

MWh 2015


MISCELLANEOUS

June-15

The effective temperature (temperature including wind shield factor). June registered

colder temperatures than last year. For comparison, effective daily temperatures of June

2014 are presented at the background.

Effective Temperature 2015

June-15

02468

101214161820


June 2015 (2014)

Sources: KNMI, own analyses

oC

Characteristic CO2 emissions used in this presentation.

Fuel Specific CO2 Emissions

204

279 341

450

298396

798

0100200300400500600700800900

g/kWh

Sources: CE-Delft, own analysesPower Generation

Fuels

June-15

This presentation is based on numerous sources which present data on energy

demand and supply in The Netherlands. These data, however, do not cover the

entire energy system. Some approximations and scaling factors were thus

needed. The author would like to thank students from Hanze University of

Applied Science in Groningen and various energy experts in The Netherlands

which gave suggestions for improvements of the methods used. Currently, the

aggregated results of this work are in good agreement with data supplied by the

Dutch National Office of Statistics (CBS). It is believed by the author that the

detailed results in this presentation give a fair presentation of the complex

reality of the Dutch energy system.

Nevertheless, the author invites readers to comment on the data provided with

the objective to further improve this work. After all, good and reliable data are

at the heart of any successful policy to make our world more sustainable.

Epilogue [email protected]

June-15

Renewable Energy in The Netherlands June 2015 · TWh June 2015 Sources: CBS, TenneT, GTS, etc..,...

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