RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY, LUSATIA
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Transcript of RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY, LUSATIA
19./20. 10.2006
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RENEWABLE ENERGIES RENEWABLE ENERGIES
AND AND
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY, THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY,
LUSATIALUSATIA
CONFLICT OR CHANCE OF THE FUTURE OF
ENERGY SUPPLY?
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kathrin Lehmann, Fachhochschule Lausitz, [email protected] the friendly authorisation and assistance by Vattenfall Europe Mining AG
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Agenda
1. Motivations 1.1 Mixture of energy resources and power demand
1.2 The german law of energy economy (EnWG)
1.3 The renewable energy sources act (EEG)
2. Lignite in competition2.1 The lusatian lignite mines
2.2 How to accept a challenge
2.3 Selected technical strategies/ solutions
2.4 Economic aspects for competitiveness
3. Summary and a future look
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MotivationsMixture of energy resources and power demand
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1990 1998 2000 2004 2020
Gross power generation in Germany until the year 2020
hard coal Lignite nuclear energy natural gas
oil waterpower windpower other renewables
550 557 575610 594
Demand on additional electrical power until 2020
ca. 25.000 – 30.000 MW
The balance of power
increase
+ 20.000MW
decrease
- 51.000MW
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Motivations
The German law of energy economy (EnWG)
Reliability of supply
Environmental protection
Efficiency
practicalcompromise
(Energiewirtschaftsgesetz, §1)
Liberalization of Energy Market = Competition costumers choose the own energy supplier energy trading – Europe-wide
Unbundling of energy supply and energy net
Regulatory authority
network access fee
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MotivationsThe German renewable energy sources act (EEG)
Gouvernment aid of renewable energy sources
solar power, wind energy, Geothermik, bioenergy, water energy, landfill-, sewage- and mine gas
Development of proportion renewable energies in Germany
2012 12,5% 2020 20,0%
Primacy of supply
to the energy net
Payment
long-term assured
(20 years)
Promotion
of technical developments
Accumulated capacity - Germany
Sorce: WindEnergy Study 2006
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Lignite in competitionThe lusatian lignite mines
Plants of Vattenfall Europe Mining
- Jänschwalde/Cottbus-Nord opencast mine
power plant Jänschwalde (3.000 MW)
- Welzow-Süd opencast mine
power plant Schwarze Pumpe (1.600 MW)
- Nochten/Reichwalde opencast mine
power plant Boxberg (1.900 MW)
-Transport =coal railway, Drainange, Workshop- Technical services- Refining = briquette plant Schwarze Pumpe
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Lignite in competitionThe lusatian lignite mines
Schwarze Pumpe power stationand briquetting plant
recultivation
intermediate recultivation
rising water table
dump
rails
overburden bridge
spreaderlignite excavator
lignite conveyor
rails
mining direction
overburden excavators
overburden
lignite
lowering water table
wells
area clearing
relocation of settlements
conveyor
overburden conveyor
Principle view Technology with overburden bridge
Source: Vattenfall Europe Mining
ca. 60 mill t/a lignite ca. 450 mill m3/a overburden ca. 310 mill m3/a water
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Lignite in competitionHow to accept a challenge
The
imperative
to competitiveness
1990German reunification
free market economy
1998Liberalization of energy market
Cost and operating effectiveness Cost and operating effectiveness
The way
„Long-term lignite and its energy must be cheaper“
implementation of innovative technical system solutions in all departments
extensive structuring of communication infrastructure and process technology
schemes
development and implementation of efficient maintenance strategy
improvement of operation and management processes
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Lignite in competitionSelected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts
Conveyor belts for overburden
• Length: 1-3 km
• Width: 2.5 m
• Volume: 15‘ – 20‘000 m3/h
All conventional conveyors represented:
• 40% of total energy consumption
• more than 20% of total maintenance costs
• 23% of investment volumeThe invested Energy is used for:
moving the conveyor 70% No-Load Power (measured) operation time
moving the material 30%Total Energy minus No-Load Power operation time
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Lignite in competitionSelected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts
The Way
1997 = begin with low voltage (690 V – ABB, Siemens) variable frequency drives
2001 = first 6-kV-variable frequency drives (Rockwell) for overburden conveyor belts
Up to day summery ca. 40.000 kW drive capacity supply variable speed conveyors
Planned until 2010 additional 20.000 kW drive capacity
Minimizing of equipment costs by
optimal drive dimensioning
Minimizing of operation and
maintenance costs
The main effects
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Lignite in competition
Band 2 Band 3Band 1 Band 4
Hauptantrieb
Schaufelrad
Bucket-wheel excavator Main drive
Motors gear units bucket wheel axle bearing
Conveyor belt Motors gear units drum bearing
Band
Conveyor belt drive station Conveyor belt
Motors gear units drum bearing
Selected technical strategies/ solutions – diagnostic systems
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Lignite in competitionSelected technical strategies/ solutions – control systems
Central control center of the
railway department
Central control center of the
dewatering department
Engineer
• Control operating states• coal quality • organize maintanance
Central movements inspector
• controls railway system• instruction for engine driver
Switching command- place
• switch traction system• give switching commands
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Lignite in competition
Entwicklung der Maximalleistung in MW bzogen auf die Kohleförderung
249,7
240,8238,2237,4
225,5
255,2
250,0
220,0
225,0
230,0
235,0
240,0
245,0
250,0
255,0
260,0
265,0
270,0
1999/2000 2000/01 2002 2003 2004 2005 Plan 2006
in M
W
40,0
45,0
50,0
55,0
60,0
in M
io t
Maximalleistung MW Rohkohleförderung Moi t Kohle
zulässiges Grenzleistungs-band 250-270 MW bei limitierter Arbeitvon 5000 MWh
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Durchschnitts-Leistung
97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 2002
Jänschw alde
Nochten
Welzow
Schw arze Pumpe
Summe
Wirkung ZEMSReduzierung der Maximalleistung
MW
Energy consumption
1.200 GWh/year
Max. power demand
250 MW
Components of
energy management system- Minimizing of max power- energy efficiently operating
of equipement- optimization of form of contract
for acquisition of energy
Selected technical strategies/ solutions – energy management system
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Lignite in competition
Entwicklung Mengeneinheiten <--> IH-Kosten (%)
338,4
436,8495,3 476,5
8779861000
100
200
300
400
500
600
98/99 2003 2004 2005
Mio ME
Prozent
%/ ME
Economic aspects for the competitiveness
100
90
7874
69
56 57 58 5955
60
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 2002 2003 2004 2005
Prozentuale Entwicklung Instandhaltung Bergbau VE-M€/t RBK (%)
Development of specific maintenance costs
- 45%
Main effect
of technical solutionsIncrease of total output
lower costs for
maintanance
Not increasing costs
in the future
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Summary and a future look
Lignite take a part in the Lignite take a part in the mixture of energymixture of energy
in the futurein the future
Cost minimisation
Competitiveness Competitiveness
Guarantee of lignite supply
Reliability of energy supplyReliability of energy supply
efficient energy consumption
+ efficient mining technology
Resources protection Resources protection
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Thanks for your
attention
Thanks for your
attention