Chapter 13 The Reformation Protestant and Catholic The Protestant Revolt: Part 1.
Renaissance, Reformation, First Global Age Unit Review 43 terms Part I: 1 – 21 Part II: 22 - 43.
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Transcript of Renaissance, Reformation, First Global Age Unit Review 43 terms Part I: 1 – 21 Part II: 22 - 43.
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World History VocabularyRenaissance,
Reformation, First Global Age
Unit Review
43 termsPart I: 1 – 21Part II: 22 - 43
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“rebirth”; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of
Greece and Rome; 1300 – 1650 CE.
Renaissance
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an intellectual movement during the Renaissance that focused on the
study of worldly subjects, such as poetry and philosophy, and on
human potential and achievements.
Humanism
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study of subjects such as grammar, rhetoric, poetry, and
history, that were taught in ancient Greece and Rome.
Humanities
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a city in the Tuscany region of northern Italy that was the center
of the Italian Renaissance.
Florence
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a person who provides financial support for the arts.
Patron
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artistic technique used to give paintings and drawings a three-dimensional effect.
Perspective
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(1452 – 1519) Italian painter, sculptor, architect, musician, engineer, and scientist; his interests and talents
spanned numerous disciplines; painted the Mona Lisa.
Leonardo da Vinci
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(1475 – 1564) Italian Renaissance sculptor, architect, painter and poet; he sculpted the Pieta and the David, and he painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Michelangelo Buonarroti
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(1483 – 1520) Italian Renaissance painter; he painted frescos, his most famous being The School of Athens.
Raphael
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(1386 – 1466) Master of sculpture in both marble and bronze; one of the greatest of
all Renaissance artists.
Donatello
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(1469 – 1527) Italian political philosopher and statesman; he wrote The Prince, which
advised rulers to separate morals from politics. He insisted that a ruler do
whatever is necessary to succeed and that the ends would justify the means.
Niccolo Machiavelli
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(1479 – 1529) Italian diplomat and writer; he wrote The Courtier, one of the most important books of the
Renaissance, in which in delineates the rules and correct behaviors for a courtier to adopt in order to win favor from
a ruler.
Baldassare Castiglione
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(c. 1397 – 1468) German inventor and printer; he invented movable type. His first printed publication was a 1,282-page Bible.
Johann Gutenberg
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(1471 – 1528) German painter, engraver, and theoretician; he combined Italian
Renaissance techniques of realism and perspective with elements unique to the northern Renaissance, such as the use of
oils in his painting.
Albrecht Durer
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(1564 – 1616) English dramatist and poet; he is considered one of the greatest dramatists of all time and wrote such
works as Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and A Midsummer Night’s Dream.
William Shakespeare
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everyday language of ordinary people.
Vernacular
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(1483 – 1546) German monk whose protests against the Catholic Church in 1517 (the Ninety-Five Theses) led
to calls for reform and to the movement known as the
Reformation.
Martin Luther
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an opinion that goes against the teachings of a
church.
Heresy
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a dissenter from established dogma.
Heretic
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pardons issued by the pope of the Roman Catholic Church that could reduce a soul’s time in purgatory; from the 1100s to the 1500s, indulgences could be purchased,
which led to corruption.
Indulgences
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a religious movement in the 1500s that split the Christian church in western
Europe and led to the establishment of a number of new churches.
Protestant Reformation
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title given to the head of the Roman Catholic Church.
Pope
Pope Benedict XVI
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(1491 – 1547) King of England from 1509 to 1547; his desire to annul his marriage led to a conflict with the pope, England’s break with the Roman
Catholic Church, and its embrace of Protestantism. Henry established the Church of England ( aka the
Anglican Church) in 1532.
Henry VIII
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a transformation in European thought in the 1500s and 1600s that called for
scientific observation, experimentation, and the questioning of traditional opinions.
Scientific Revolution
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a method of inquiry that promotes observing, measuring, explaining,
and verifying as a way to gain scientific knowledge.
Scientific Method
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(1642 – 1727) English mathematician and natural philosopher; he
discovered the law of gravity as well as laws on the physics of objects.
Isaac Newton
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(1564 – 1642) Italian astronomer, mathematician, and physicist; he
discovered the law of motion of falling objects and invented the first working telescope; his discoveries put him into
conflict with the Roman Catholic Church.
Galileo Galilei
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1473 – 1543) Polish astronomer; he proposed the heliocentric, or sun-centered, theory of the universe.
Nicolaus Copernicus
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scientific theory that has the sun as the center of the universe with the earth rotating around the sun
Heliocentric theory
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members of a Catholic religious order, the Society of Jesus, founded by Ignatius
Loyola in 1534.
Jesuits
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institution of the Roman Catholic Church that sought to eliminate heresy by seeking
out and punishing heretics; especially active in Spain in the later 1400s and
1500s.
Inquisition
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First Global Age Mapmaker Cartographer
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HONORS World History
A group of islands in eastern Indonesia; was the center of the spice trade in the 1500s and 1600s.
Moluccas
FirstGlobal
Age
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circumnavigateTo proceed completely around
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HONORSWorld History
Prince of Portugal and patron of exploration; he made no voyages himself but spent his life directing voyages of discovery along the African coast
Prince Henry aka Henry the Navigator
FirstGlobal
Age
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HonorsWorld History
Italian explorer, sailing for Spain, who reached the Americas in 1492 while searching for a western sea route from Europe to Asia
Christopher Columbus
First Global Age
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HONORSWorld History
The transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas and Europe, Asia, and Africa beginning with the voyages of Columbus.
Columbian Exchange
FirstGlobal
Age
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HONORS World History
A scattering of people
Diaspora
FirstGlobal
Age
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Honors World History
FirstGlobal
Age
Click icon to add picture
Spanish explorer who claimed lands in the Americas for Spain in the 1500s and 1600s
Conquistador
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PlantationLarge estate run by an owner or overseer and worked by
laborers who live there.
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HONORSWorld History
Members of the highest class in Spain’s colonies in the Americas; colonists who were born in Spain or Portugal
Peninsulares
FirstGlobal
Age
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HONORS World History
Person in Spain’s colonies in the Americas who was an American- born descendent of Spanish settlers.
Creole
FirstGlobal
Age
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HONORSWorld History
Person in Spain’s colonies in the Americas who was of Native American and European descent.
Mestizo
FirstGlobal Age
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HONORS World History
In Spain’s colonies in the Americas, a person who was of African and European descent.
Mulatto
FirstGlobal
Age
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HONORSWorld History
Someone sent to do religious work in a territory or foreign country
Missionary
FirstGlobal
Age