Renaissance Means “REBIRTH” Means “REBIRTH” Rebirth of art and learning Rebirth of art and...
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Transcript of Renaissance Means “REBIRTH” Means “REBIRTH” Rebirth of art and learning Rebirth of art and...
RenaissanceRenaissance
Means “REBIRTH”Means “REBIRTH” Rebirth of art and learningRebirth of art and learning Started in Italy-they were not locked Started in Italy-they were not locked
in the Hundred Years War like France in the Hundred Years War like France and Englandand England
Italy=thriving cities, wealthy Italy=thriving cities, wealthy merchant class, and classical heritage merchant class, and classical heritage of Greece and Romeof Greece and Rome
LapbookLapbook
3 pieces of paper-fold into front 3 pieces of paper-fold into front bookletsbooklets
Paste sides together to create 3 Paste sides together to create 3 sectionsection
Close middle, fold over right side, Close middle, fold over right side, fold over left and you get your coverfold over left and you get your cover
Front CoverFront Cover 3 squares-if want even fold paper into 8 squares 3 squares-if want even fold paper into 8 squares
and share with your neighbor or save for laterand share with your neighbor or save for later Fold each square into front booklet-label top Fold each square into front booklet-label top
“Political Causes” “Religious Causes”, “Political Causes” “Religious Causes”, “Economical Causes”; label bottom of each “Economical Causes”; label bottom of each “Results” (if you want, you can draw line “Results” (if you want, you can draw line through the middle of the inside to separate through the middle of the inside to separate causes from results)causes from results)
Label with proper causes and resultsLabel with proper causes and results Glue back of each square to front coverGlue back of each square to front cover Title-Renaissance and ReformationTitle-Renaissance and Reformation
Religious CausesReligious Causes
As a result of war and plague during As a result of war and plague during the late Middle Ages, people in the late Middle Ages, people in Europe questioned the Church. Europe questioned the Church.
Lesson they took from this=endure Lesson they took from this=endure suffering and get heavenly rewardsuffering and get heavenly reward
Political CausesPolitical Causes
Questioned structure of medieval Questioned structure of medieval society which did not allow for social society which did not allow for social advancement advancement Nobles inherit social rank vs. Merchants Nobles inherit social rank vs. Merchants
whose success depended on their own witswhose success depended on their own wits Educated people gradually began to Educated people gradually began to
reject medieval values and looked to reject medieval values and looked to classical past for ideasclassical past for ideas
Economical CausesEconomical Causes Spurred by CrusadesSpurred by Crusades Places where people exchange new ideasPlaces where people exchange new ideas Bubonic plague killed up to 60% of Bubonic plague killed up to 60% of
populationpopulation Fewer laborers, survivors could demand Fewer laborers, survivors could demand
higher wageshigher wages Reduced population shrank opportunities for Reduced population shrank opportunities for
business expansion-wealthy merchants business expansion-wealthy merchants began to pursue other interests, such as art.began to pursue other interests, such as art.
Front of 1Front of 1stst flap flap Timeline-fold color paper hot dog style Timeline-fold color paper hot dog style
into 4 sections, cut two sections off to into 4 sections, cut two sections off to create thin fold. Fold into as many create thin fold. Fold into as many pieces as possible (16 sections)-cut 4 pieces as possible (16 sections)-cut 4 off to create 12 folds.off to create 12 folds.
Cut top portion only on folds to create Cut top portion only on folds to create 12 flaps. Draw lines on bottom 12 flaps. Draw lines on bottom portion if you prefer.portion if you prefer.
Chapter 17Chapter 17
TIMELINETIMELINE 1300-Renaissance begins in Italy1300-Renaissance begins in Italy 1455-Gutenberg Bible printed1455-Gutenberg Bible printed 1504-Michelangelo finished sculpting 1504-Michelangelo finished sculpting DavidDavid (18 feet tall (18 feet tall
portrayal of ideal human figure)portrayal of ideal human figure) 1509-Desiderius Erasmus wrote 1509-Desiderius Erasmus wrote The Praise of Folly-The Praise of Folly-
Christianity of the heart, not ceremonies or rulesChristianity of the heart, not ceremonies or rules 1513-Machiavelli writes 1513-Machiavelli writes The PrinceThe Prince 1516-Thomas More wrote 1516-Thomas More wrote UtopiaUtopia-model void of society’s -model void of society’s
flawflaw 1517-Martin Luther posts The 95 Theses1517-Martin Luther posts The 95 Theses 1534-Henry VIII becomes head of England’s church, 1534-Henry VIII becomes head of England’s church,
breaking ties with Romebreaking ties with Rome 1555-Peace of Augsburg ends religious wars in Germany1555-Peace of Augsburg ends religious wars in Germany 1558-Elizabeth I rules England-Renaissance in England 1558-Elizabeth I rules England-Renaissance in England
known as Elizabethan Age-head of Anglican churchknown as Elizabethan Age-head of Anglican church 1563-Council of Trent ends-Catholic bishops and cardinals 1563-Council of Trent ends-Catholic bishops and cardinals
agree on several doctrine that reform the Catholic churchagree on several doctrine that reform the Catholic church 1564-William Shakespeare born1564-William Shakespeare born
Back of 1Back of 1stst flap flap
2 squares (double size of 2 squares (double size of causes/results)-fold in half for simple causes/results)-fold in half for simple foldfold
Label front of one “Printing Press” Label front of one “Printing Press” and other “William Shakespeare”and other “William Shakespeare”
Copy slides-can summarize if neededCopy slides-can summarize if needed Glue back to first inside foldGlue back to first inside fold
Printing PressPrinting Press Adapted Chinese technology (block printing)Adapted Chinese technology (block printing) Johann Gutenberg, reinvented movable type around Johann Gutenberg, reinvented movable type around
14401440 Machine that presses paper against a tray full of Machine that presses paper against a tray full of
inked movable typeinked movable type 1455-Gutenberg Bible=first full-size book printed 1455-Gutenberg Bible=first full-size book printed
with moveable typewith moveable type Quantity of books higher=cost lowered, ideas travelQuantity of books higher=cost lowered, ideas travel
Literacy rates improveLiteracy rates improve People able to interpret books, including the People able to interpret books, including the
Bible, on their own which made them critical of Bible, on their own which made them critical of priests and their behavior (religious reform) priests and their behavior (religious reform)
William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare
English PlaywrightEnglish Playwright Born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-AvonBorn in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon Macbeth, King Lear, Hamlet, Romeo and Macbeth, King Lear, Hamlet, Romeo and
Juliet, Midsummer Night’s DreamJuliet, Midsummer Night’s Dream Drew on classics for inspiration and plotsDrew on classics for inspiration and plots““What a piece of work is a man, how noble in reason, how infinite in What a piece of work is a man, how noble in reason, how infinite in
faculties, in form and moving, how express and admirable in faculties, in form and moving, how express and admirable in action, how like an angel in apprehension [understanding], how action, how like an angel in apprehension [understanding], how like a god! The beauty of the world; the paragon of animals.like a god! The beauty of the world; the paragon of animals.
William Shakespeare, William Shakespeare, HamletHamlet
Flap over the left sectionFlap over the left section
Cut color paper in half hamburger Cut color paper in half hamburger style-create flap over left sidestyle-create flap over left side
PopesPopes3 flaps that lift up-Pick 3-Popes names 3 flaps that lift up-Pick 3-Popes names
on top of flap with information on top of flap with information underneathunderneath
Pope Pius II (Pope Pius II (1458-1464)1458-1464)
Pope Alexander VI Pope Alexander VI (1492-1503)(1492-1503)
Julius II Julius II (1503-1513)(1503-1513)
Pope Leo X Pope Leo X (1513-1521)(1513-1521)
Clement VII Clement VII (1523-1534)(1523-1534)
Paul III Paul III (1534-1549)(1534-1549)
Pius IV (1559-1565)Pius IV (1559-1565)
Causes of Reformation Causes of Reformation
Printing Press spread secular ideasPrinting Press spread secular ideas Rulers resented popes’ attempts to Rulers resented popes’ attempts to
control themcontrol them Merchants resented paying church Merchants resented paying church
taxes to Rometaxes to Rome Religious reform started in GermanyReligious reform started in Germany
Problems of ChurchProblems of Church
Critics claim church leaders were corruptCritics claim church leaders were corrupt Popes patronized the arts, spent Popes patronized the arts, spent
extravagantly on personal pleasure, and extravagantly on personal pleasure, and fought warsfought wars
Lower clergy poorly educated, let alone Lower clergy poorly educated, let alone teacher people, broke priestly vows by teacher people, broke priestly vows by marrying, or by gambling or drinking to marrying, or by gambling or drinking to excessexcess
ReformReform
Denied pope had the right to worldly Denied pope had the right to worldly powerpower
Bible had more authority than Bible had more authority than Church leadersChurch leaders
Many reformers executed for heresyMany reformers executed for heresy
Martin LutherMartin Luther 1517 Luther decided to take a public 1517 Luther decided to take a public
stand against actions of friar named stand against actions of friar named Johann TetzelJohann Tetzel
Tetzel selling indulgences to raise Tetzel selling indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome (released a sinner from in Rome (released a sinner from performing the penalty, such as performing the penalty, such as saying certain prayers, that a priest saying certain prayers, that a priest imposed for sins)-Impression of imposed for sins)-Impression of buying way into heavenbuying way into heaven
95 Theses95 Theses Theses=formal statementsTheses=formal statements Posted his theses on the door of the castle church in Posted his theses on the door of the castle church in
Wittenberg and invited other scholars to debate him. Wittenberg and invited other scholars to debate him. His words were printed; led to the founding of Christian His words were printed; led to the founding of Christian
churches that did not accept the pope’s authoritychurches that did not accept the pope’s authority 3 main ideas:3 main ideas:
1. Pope could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift 1. Pope could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness.of forgiveness.
2. All teachings should be based on Bible2. All teachings should be based on Bible 3. All people with faith were equal. Did not need 3. All people with faith were equal. Did not need
priest to interpret the Bible for them.priest to interpret the Bible for them.
Effect of 95 ThesesEffect of 95 Theses
Page 429-430Page 429-430
CauseLuther posts the 95 Theses
Effect
Effect
Effect
In foldable: draw and fill out following flow chart
HENRY VIIIHENRY VIII
Page 431Page 431 Read informationRead information Copy timeline “Henry’s family causes Copy timeline “Henry’s family causes
religious turmoil” into folded bookreligious turmoil” into folded book
Council of TrentCouncil of Trent 1545-15631545-1563 Catholic bishops and cardinals agreed on several Catholic bishops and cardinals agreed on several
doctrines:doctrines: The church’s interpretation of the Bible was final. Any The church’s interpretation of the Bible was final. Any
Christian who substituted his or her own Christian who substituted his or her own interpretation was a hereticinterpretation was a heretic
Christians need faith and good works for salvation. Christians need faith and good works for salvation. They were not saved by faith alone, as Luther argued.They were not saved by faith alone, as Luther argued.
The Bible and the Church tradition were equally The Bible and the Church tradition were equally powerful authorities for guiding Christian lifepowerful authorities for guiding Christian life
Indulgences were valid expressions of faith. (But the Indulgences were valid expressions of faith. (But the false selling of indulgences was banned)false selling of indulgences was banned)
Scholars made Scholars made classical texts classical texts agree with agree with Christian Christian teachingteaching
Medieval Renaissance Humanists Humanists
studied texts to studied texts to understand understand ancient Greek ancient Greek values and values and popularized popularized classical classical education ex: education ex: history, history, literature, and literature, and philosophy philosophy (humanities)(humanities)
MedievalMedieval
Religious people Religious people proved piety by proved piety by wearing rough wearing rough clothing and eating clothing and eating the plainest foodsthe plainest foods
Religious world-Religious world-concerned with concerned with eternal life (heaven eternal life (heaven vs. hell)vs. hell)
RenaissanceRenaissance
Person might enjoy life Person might enjoy life without offending God-without offending God-wealthy openly wealthy openly enjoyed lifestyleenjoyed lifestyle
Although devout Although devout Catholics, people were Catholics, people were Secular-worldly and Secular-worldly and concerned with the concerned with the here and nowhere and now
Wives of Henry VIIIWives of Henry VIII-cut them out and put in order in circle pie-cut them out and put in order in circle pie
Catherine of Aragonm. 1509 - 1533
Divorced
Anne Boleynm. 1533 - 1536
Executed
Jane Seymourm. 1536 - 1537
Died
Anne of Clevesm. 1540 Jan. - July
Divorced
Kathryn Howardm. 1540 - 1542
Executed
Katherine Parrm. 1543 - 1547
Widowed
Renaissance ArchitectureRenaissance Architecture
Choose one of the architecture picturesChoose one of the architecture pictures Cut outCut out Cut in halfCut in half Paste on center folds along with the Paste on center folds along with the
title:title:
Renaissance ArchitectureRenaissance Architecture
Circle=Perfection=God as PerfectionCircle=Perfection=God as Perfection
DanteDante ““Divine Comedy”Divine Comedy” Story of the soul’s journey to Story of the soul’s journey to
salvation—through hell, purgatory, salvation—through hell, purgatory, and Heaven.and Heaven.
Cut out pictures and put in tri-fold for Cut out pictures and put in tri-fold for each journeyeach journey
Maps of the UniverseMaps of the Universe
Medieval Universe-Everything rotates Medieval Universe-Everything rotates around the eartharound the earth
Copernicus Universe-Everything rotates Copernicus Universe-Everything rotates around the sun, stationary starsaround the sun, stationary stars
Modern Universe-Everything has it’s Modern Universe-Everything has it’s own orbital patternown orbital pattern Cut out proper pictures and paste in each Cut out proper pictures and paste in each
sectionsection
Renaissance ScientistsRenaissance ScientistsCopernicusCopernicus
February 19, 1473 – February 19, 1473 – May 24, 1543May 24, 1543
Began scientific Began scientific revolution with theory revolution with theory that put earth in the that put earth in the center of the universe center of the universe (heliocentric model)(heliocentric model)
Aka: Copernican Aka: Copernican RevolutionRevolution
GalileoGalileo February 15, 1564 –February 15, 1564 –
January 8, 1642January 8, 1642 ““father of modern father of modern
observational observational astronomy", the "father astronomy", the "father of modern physics", the of modern physics", the "father of science","father of science", and and "the Father of Modern "the Father of Modern Science“Science“
Improvements for Improvements for telescope and telescope and astronomical astronomical observationsobservations
PetrarchPetrarch
Father of Humanism Father of Humanism Focus on intellectFocus on intellect HumanismHumanism: study of the arts : study of the arts
(sculpture, painting, writing, poetry, (sculpture, painting, writing, poetry, etc…)etc…)
Jeffrey ChaucerJeffrey Chaucer
““Canterbury Tales”Canterbury Tales”Story describing all Story describing all walks of life in walks of life in Renaissance Renaissance society.society.
Big Flap-right sectionBig Flap-right section
Protestant DenominationsProtestant Denominations What does it mean to be a ______?What does it mean to be a ______?
ProtestantProtestant Who were the ______? (Pages 433-436)Who were the ______? (Pages 433-436)
CalvinistCalvinist HuguenotHuguenot LutheranLutheran AnglicanAnglican PresbyterianPresbyterian AnabaptistAnabaptist
ARTART Imitation of nature in a realistic way.Imitation of nature in a realistic way. Human beings became the main Human beings became the main
focus.focus. Perspective and 3 dimensionPerspective and 3 dimension
Renaissance ArtistsRenaissance Artists Leonardo da Vinci—”The Last Leonardo da Vinci—”The Last
Supper”Supper” He was also an inventor, He was also an inventor,
sculptor, & architect.sculptor, & architect.
RaphaelRaphael Paintings of the Virgin MaryPaintings of the Virgin Mary ““Madonna and Child”Madonna and Child” ““St. George Fighting”St. George Fighting” ““School of Athens”School of Athens”
MichelangeloMichelangelo Painted the ceiling Painted the ceiling
of the Sistine of the Sistine ChapelChapel
Sculpture of Sculpture of “David”—a “David”—a representation of the representation of the perfect human form.perfect human form.
MapMap Leads to Age of ExplorationLeads to Age of Exploration Glue mapGlue map Write names of explorersWrite names of explorers
CabralCabral De leonDe leon BalboaBalboa VespucciVespucci De GamaDe Gama MagellanMagellan
VocabularyVocabulary 4 pieces of white computer paper or 4 pieces of white computer paper or
lined paper. lined paper. Fold in half hot dog styleFold in half hot dog style Cut into two halvesCut into two halves Create layered book for vocabulary Create layered book for vocabulary
(label)(label)
1.1. Top Label: Top Label: VocabularyVocabulary
2.2. RenaissanceRenaissance
3.3. HumanismHumanism
4.4. PerspectivePerspective
5.5. VernacularVernacular
6.6. UtopiaUtopia
7.7. Gutenberg BibleGutenberg Bible
8.8. IndulgenceIndulgence
9.9. ReformationReformation
10.10. Peace of AugsburgPeace of Augsburg
11.11. PredestinationPredestination
12.12. AnnulAnnul13.13. TheocracyTheocracy14.14. JesuitsJesuits15.15. Catholic Catholic
ReformationReformation16.16. Witch hunts (pg. Witch hunts (pg.
430)430)
EducationEducation Liberal Studies—history, morals, Liberal Studies—history, morals,
eloquence in rhetoric, letters, eloquence in rhetoric, letters, poetry, math, astronomy and musicpoetry, math, astronomy and music
(rhetoric = speaking well to persuade others.)(rhetoric = speaking well to persuade others.)
Why? To teach virtue and wisdomWhy? To teach virtue and wisdom
Females & EducationFemales & Education
Very few went to schoolVery few went to school Learned how to ride, dance, sing, Learned how to ride, dance, sing,
play the lute, and appreciate poetry.play the lute, and appreciate poetry. Learned religion and morals—most Learned religion and morals—most
important for “Christian Ladies” to be important for “Christian Ladies” to be good mothers and wives.good mothers and wives.
Physical EducationPhysical Education
Javelin throwing, archery, dance, Javelin throwing, archery, dance, running, wrestling, hunting, running, wrestling, hunting, swimmingswimming
Why? To make complete citizens and Why? To make complete citizens and prepare for lifeprepare for life
HELLO(: HELLO(:
MY NAME IS GEORGE(: MY NAME IS GEORGE(: WOULD YOU LIKE TO BE MY FRIEND? WOULD YOU LIKE TO BE MY FRIEND?
WE SHOULD BE BEST FRIENDS!!! WE SHOULD BE BEST FRIENDS!!! WHATS YOUR NAME? WHATS YO WHATS YOUR NAME? WHATS YO NUMBA?NUMBA?