Rebirth of Shape and Form

•More simplified design•Proportional relationships•Use of natural space

Renaissance architects used classical design such as domes, pillars, and arches

• Individual and humanistic

• Conscious of self, freedom, and dignity

• Exterior of buildings

• Appeal to common man

• Relies on classical form and style

• Realistic and natural

•Focus on the religious•Stylized figures and objects•Divine nature as opposed to realism

•Realism: use of natural lighting, perspective, space, and scale•Concentration on human form and lines•Nudes: Purity of the soul•Human experience, emotion, life

Masaccio (1401-28?), Tribute Money

This painting illustrates secularized art and the subjects , the Duke and Duchess of Urbino were themselves supporters of the

arts

•Teacher of Leonardo Da Vinci•Emotional appeal•Strength of individual

•Master of the use of line and shape•Depth of feeling and style, though unrealistic

•Classical subjects, influence of Rome

•Dutch painter•Superb attention to detail•Extreme control of space and arrangement (furniture is in exact organization for a lay sacrament)

•Focus on the betrayal of Christ instead of the Eucharist

•Interested in the ideal world instead of the real world

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519): Renaissance Man

The term Renaissance Man refers to a jack of all trades

Leonardo was an architect, inventor, engineer, painter, sculptor scientist, biologist, and musician, though few of his inventions were created in his lifetime

After Leonardo, to be an artist, one must be a master of all things in order to truly understand art

Interested in perfect forms and nature through drawing and painting

Not a firm believer in either science or GodOne can only believe what one can see

Mona Lisa (1503-06)

Michelangelo (1475-1564)Michelangelo was a devout Catholic as

opposed to da Vinci’s skepticismOnly concerned with the human form and the

divine intention God placed in the human form

His only other real interest was poetry, which da Vinci scorned

Believed sculpture was the purest form of artThe process of taking away instead of putting

on

Michelangelo: David (1498)•Illustrates Michelangelo’s heroic style

•Well muscled instead of boy like

•He stands forever at the alert to dangers that may be presented

•Used as symbol of Florentine readiness to protect their republic

Pieta (1499)

Moses (1515)

Sistine Chapel Ceiling (1508)The chapel is

used for important papal ceremonies and gatherings of the cardinals

Michelangelo commissioned to do the work, but unwillingly

Exemplifies Michelangelo’s vision of a new and grander humanity

Sistine Ceiling

Fall of Man (1509)

Creation of Adam (1511)

Raphael (1483-1520, Raffaello Sanzio)Raphael gained

immediate success partially because Leonardo and Michelangelo were in such demand and rarely produced finished works

Raphael was not interested in anatomy or perfect forms

Harmony was most important to Raphael

Disputa (1509): Christian Element

School of Athens (1510): Classical elements on opposite wall

•Dutch Painting•Interior lighting•Mixture of secular and religious (marriage)•Naturalistic

Renaissance Outside Italy

Pieter Bruegel, Dance of the Peasants (1568)

He also had a strong concentration on secular peasant life