Earth Observation by Remote Sensing Dr Nigel Trodd Coventry University.
Remote sensing for Earth observation
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Transcript of Remote sensing for Earth observation
![Page 1: Remote sensing for Earth observation](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56813521550346895d9c859f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Remote sensing for Earth observation
Dr Nigel TroddCoventry University
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What is remote sensing?
remote sensing has been described as the means of sensing or measuring things (characteristics) without coming into direct contact with the object or phenomenon
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What is Earth observation?
observing our planet is a pre-requisite to a better understanding of its changes and the natural and anthropogenic processes that cause those changes
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Aim & objectives
To understand remote sensing as a source of geodata for mapping & monitoring the Earth
Examine the role of remote sensing for Earth observation
Exemplify aspects of the geodata stream
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What are the principles of remote sensing?
1. Source of electromagnetic radiation
2. Interaction with target
3. Measurement by sensor mounted on platform
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Multispectral reflectance
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EMR sources
Active remote sensing Artificial source of EMR Radar Lidar
Passive remote sensing Natural source of EMR Sun (primary source for optical RS) EMR emitted from Earth surface
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What properties can be measured?
Passive Active
Albedo Reflectance @ visible & NIR wavelengths
Temperature
MIR, Thermal & Microwave emissions
Height (relative)
Stereo-photogrammetry
Radar altimetry
Lidar
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albedo
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Climate change due to reduced snow albedo caused by soot
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EOS Aqua AMSR-E SSTAdvanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer
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Global DEMShuttle Radar Topography Mission
2000
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What GI can be generated?
Extracting features e.g. buildings,
roads
Land cover / land use classification
Estimation of biophysical
properties e.g. biomass, ice-thaw
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Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
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QuikSCAT Seawinds scatterometerAlaska 2000
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What preparation is necessary?
Cosmetic infilling of saturated pixels & drop-outsRadiometric balancing (destriping) & sensor calibrationAtmospheric correction
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How do you integrate images into a spatial database?
Georeferencing Plane projection Local datum &
coordinate system
Co-registration Rubber-sheet
transformation Nearest neighbour
resampling
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Orthorectification
Topography DN pixel
geometry foreshortening
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Remote sensing generates 2D & 2.5D GI products
… at local to global scalesusing optical & microwave
EMR
Summary & conclusions
Images for Earth observation require• error detection & elimination• calibration & georegistration