Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne
-
Upload
nikhil-pakwanne -
Category
Technology
-
view
1.716 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne
![Page 1: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Government College Of Engineering, Aurangabad.
“In Pursuit Of Global Competitiveness”
Created By-
Nikhil Pakwanne
REMOTE SENSING & IT’S APPLICATION
![Page 2: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WHAT IS REMOTE SENSING?
Remote Sensing is:
“The art and science of obtaining information about an object without being in direct contact with the object”.
There is a medium of transmission involved.
![Page 3: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
SOME REMOTE SENSING SYSTEMS:-
![Page 4: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
RESOLUTION:-
All remote sensing systems have four types of resolution:-
Spatial Resolution -- what size we can resolve.
Spectral Resolution -- what wavelengths do we use.
Radiometric Resolution -- degree of detail observed.
Temporal Resolution -- how often do we observe.
![Page 5: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
REMOTE SENSING SYSTEMS:-THE HUMAN EYE
Spectral Resolution: ~0.4-0.7 µm
Spatial Resolution: ~ 1-3 cm
Radiometric Resolution: ~16-32 shades
or ~100 colors
![Page 6: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
INVERTEBRATE REMOTE SENSING:-
Insects have remote sensing capabilities quite different from vertebrates and the octopus.
![Page 7: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
REMOTE SENSING PROCESS COMPONENTS:-
Energy Source or Illumination (A)
Radiation and the Atmosphere (B)
Interaction with the Target (C)
Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D)
Transmission, Reception, and Processing (E)
Interpretation and Analysis (F)
Application (G)
![Page 8: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
WHY REMOTE SENSING?
Remote Sensing is unique in that it can be used to collect data, unlike
other techniques, such as thematic cartography, geographic
information systems, or statistics that must rely on data that are already available.
![Page 9: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The principal advantages of remote
sensing are the speed at which data can be acquired from large areas of
the earth’s surface, and the related fact that comparatively inaccessible
areas may be investigated in this way.
![Page 10: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
TYPES OF REMOTE SENSING:-
Based on Range of Electromagnetic Spectrum:-
1. Optical Remote Sensing.2. Thermal Remote Sensing.
3. Microwave Remote Sensing.
Based on the source of the energy:-
1. Active remote sensing.2. Passive remote sensing.
![Page 11: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Optical Remote Sensing:- The optical remote sensing devices
operate in the visible, near infrared, middle infrared and short wave infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
These devices are sensitive to the wavelengths ranging from 300 nm to 3000 nm.
BASED ON RANGE OF ELECTRO MAGNETIC SPECTRUM:-
![Page 12: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
THERMAL REMOTE SENSING:-
The sensors, which operate in thermal range of electromagnetic spectrum record, the energy emitted from the earth features in the wavelength range of 3000 nm to 5000 nm and 8000 nm to 14000 nm.
![Page 13: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING:-
A microwave remote sensor records the backscattered microwaves in the wavelength range of 1 mm to 1 m of electromagnetic spectrum.
Most of the microwave sensors are active sensors, having there own sources of energy.
![Page 14: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
DEPENDING ON THE SOURCE OF THE ENERGY:-
Active remote sensing:- Active remote sensing uses an
artificial source for energy. For example the satellite itself can send
a pulse of energy which can interact with the target.
In active remote sensing, humans can control the nature (wavelength, power, duration) of the source energy. Active remote sensing can be carried out during day and night and in all weather conditions.
![Page 15: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING:-
Passive remote sensing depends on a natural source to provide energy.
The sun is the most powerful and commonly used source of energy for passive remote sensing.
The satellite sensor in this case records primarily the radiation that is reflected from the target.
![Page 16: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
FIG. ACTIVE & PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING.
![Page 17: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
POPULAR REMOTE SENSING SYSTEMS:-
LANDSAT:-
Landsat satellite sensors are one of the most popular remote sensing systems, the imagery acquired from these are widely used across the globe.
NASA’s Landsat satellite programme was started in 1972. It was formerly known as ERTS (Earth Resource Technology Satellite) programme.
![Page 18: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
SPOT:-
SPOT (System Pour Observation Terre) was developed by the French National Centre.
The first satellite of SPOT mission, SPOT-1 was launched in 1986. It was followed by SPOT-2 (in 1990), SPOT-3 (in 1993), SPOT-4 (in 1998) and SPOT-5 (in 2002).
![Page 19: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
INDIAN REMOTE SENSING (IRS) SATELLITES:-
The Indian Remote Sensing programme began with the launch of IRS-1A in 1988.
After that IRS-1B (1999), IRS-1C (1995) and IRS-1D (1997) was launched.
![Page 20: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ADVANTAGES OF REMOTE SENSING:-
Provides a regional view (large areas).
Provides repetitive looks at the same area.
Remote sensors "see" over a broader. portion of the spectrum than the human eye.
Provides geo-referenced, digital, data.
Some remote sensors operate in all seasons, at night, and in bad weather.
![Page 21: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
DISADVANTAGE OF REMOTE SENSING:-
• Expensive to build and operate!
• Measurement uncertainty can be large.
• Data interpretation can be difficult.
![Page 22: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING:-
Agriculture:-
Crop type classification. Crop condition assessment. Crop yield estimation. Mapping of soil characteristic. Soil moisture estimation.
![Page 23: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Geology:-
Lithological mapping. Mineral exploration. Environmental geology. Sedimentation mapping
and monitoring. Geo-hazard mapping. Glacier mapping.
![Page 24: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Urban Planning:-
Land parcel mapping. Infrastructure mapping. Land use change detection. Future urban expansion
planning.
![Page 25: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Hydrology:- Watershed mapping and
management. Flood delineation and mapping. Ground water targeting.
Land Use/Land Cover mapping:-
Natural resource management. Wildlife protection. Encroachment.
![Page 26: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Forestry And Ecosystem:-
Forest cover and density mapping.
Deforestation mapping. Forest fire mapping. Wetland mapping and
monitoring. Biomass estimation. Species inventory.
![Page 27: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Ocean applications:-
Storm forecasting. Water quality monitoring. Aquaculture inventory and
monitoring. Navigation routing. Coastal vegetation mapping. Oil spill.
![Page 28: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
http://en.wikipedia.org
www.microimages.com
REFERENCES
![Page 29: Remote sensing and application by Nikhil Pakwanne](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/54bbad4c4a7959864d8b4574/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Thank You
Appreciate your time and attention!