Remote Sensing Activity : Physics from a Rocket-Borne Video Camera

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Remote Sensing Remote Sensing Activity Activity : : Physics from a Rocket-Borne Physics from a Rocket-Borne Video Camera Video Camera Andrew Layden Andrew Layden BGSU BGSU ACTION Summer Bridge Program July 22, 2010

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Remote Sensing Activity : Physics from a Rocket-Borne Video Camera. Andrew Layden BGSU. ACTION Summer Bridge Program. July 22, 2010. Outline. Scientific Motivation Today’s Activity: Measure the height of rocket Measure size of other objects on ground Tomorrow’s Activity: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Remote Sensing Activity : Physics from a Rocket-Borne Video Camera

Page 1: Remote Sensing Activity : Physics from a Rocket-Borne Video Camera

Remote Sensing ActivityRemote Sensing Activity::

Physics from a Rocket-Borne Physics from a Rocket-Borne Video CameraVideo Camera

Andrew LaydenAndrew LaydenBGSUBGSU

ACTION Summer Bridge Program July 22, 2010

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OutlineOutline

• Scientific MotivationScientific Motivation• Today’s Activity:Today’s Activity:

• Measure the height of rocketMeasure the height of rocket• Measure size of other objects on groundMeasure size of other objects on ground

• Tomorrow’s Activity:Tomorrow’s Activity:• Find height of rocket on several framesFind height of rocket on several frames• Determine its speed and accelerationDetermine its speed and acceleration

• Share and discuss resultsShare and discuss results

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Lunar CratersLunar Cratershttp://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/science/craterstructure.htmlhttp://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/science/craterstructure.html

Carroll & Ostlie, 1996, Modern Astrophysics

Moltke Crater7 km in diameter

Copernicus Craterd = 93 km

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Mars: Ridges in Gordii Dorsum RegionMars: Ridges in Gordii Dorsum Region

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Mars: Ridges in Gordii Dorsum RegionMars: Ridges in Gordii Dorsum Regionhttp://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/mro/multimedia/images/?ImageID=3263http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/mro/multimedia/images/?ImageID=3263

120 m

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Mercury: Crater MachautMercury: Crater Machauthttp://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/messenger/multimedia/flyby2_20081007_5.htmlhttp://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/messenger/multimedia/flyby2_20081007_5.html

Larger craterd = 100 km

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Scientific MotivationScientific Motivation• How do we know these sizes?How do we know these sizes?

• No humans have been thereNo humans have been there• No robots on ground to measureNo robots on ground to measure

• Remote Sensing:Remote Sensing:• Measure angles to determine sizesMeasure angles to determine sizes• Colors & spectra Colors & spectra surface composition surface composition• Texture/reflectivityTexture/reflectivity• Changes over timeChanges over time

• Orbiting spacecraft, airplanes, balloons Orbiting spacecraft, airplanes, balloons

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AA = angle (degrees) = angle (degrees)

dd = distance (km) = distance (km)

ss = size (km) = size (km)

Mathematical Mathematical Relation?Relation?

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AA = angle (degrees) = angle (degrees)

dd = distance (km) = distance (km)

ss = size (km) = size (km)

Mathematical Mathematical Relation!Relation!

tanA =s

d

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• Know Know dd (radar), (radar), measure measure AA, , compute compute ss::

• Know Know ss (measured), (measured), measure measure AA, , compute compute dd::

Ways to play Ways to play the eqn:the eqn:

s = d tanA

d =s

tanA

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OutlineOutline

• Scientific MotivationScientific Motivation• Today’s Activity:Today’s Activity:

• Measure the height of rocket (Measure the height of rocket (dd))• Measure Measure ssize of other objects on groundize of other objects on ground

• Tomorrow’s Activity:Tomorrow’s Activity:• Find height of rocket on several framesFind height of rocket on several frames

• Determine its speed and accelerationDetermine its speed and acceleration

• Share and discuss resultsShare and discuss results

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Day 1Day 1

• Look at video…Look at video…

• Think / plan:Think / plan:• What do we know on the ground (What do we know on the ground (ss)?)?

• How do we measure How do we measure AA? ?

• After 5-10 min, then return & share…After 5-10 min, then return & share…€

d =s

tanA

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• Think / plan:Think / plan:• What do we know on the ground (What do we know on the ground (ss)?)?

• How do we measure How do we measure AA? ?

d =s

tanA

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Measure sizes on computer screen:

• object: xo

• FOV: xfov

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Make a proportion:

AoA fov

=xox fov

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Solve for Ao:

Ao = A fovxox fov

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How big is How big is AAfovfov??

• CalibrateCalibrate• Known size (Known size (ss) at a known distance () at a known distance (dd))• Calculate Calculate AA

• Observe videoObserve video 1 2 3

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Now your turn…Now your turn…

• Follow steps (i)-(v) for Day 1 on handout.Follow steps (i)-(v) for Day 1 on handout.

• Useful Equations:Useful Equations:

tanA =s

d

Ao = A fovxox fov

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OutlineOutline• Scientific MotivationScientific Motivation• Today’s Activity:Today’s Activity:

• Measure the height of rocket (Measure the height of rocket (dd))• Measure Measure ssize of other objects on groundize of other objects on ground

• Tomorrow’s Activity:Tomorrow’s Activity:• Find height of rocket on several framesFind height of rocket on several frames

• Determine its speed and accelerationDetermine its speed and acceleration

• Share and discuss resultsShare and discuss results

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Day 2Day 2

• Do some physics:Do some physics:• On one frame, measure On one frame, measure dd11

• On next frame, measure On next frame, measure dd22

• Difference: Difference: dd = = dd22 - - dd11

• If we know the time between If we know the time between frames, frames, tt, we can calculate , we can calculate the rocket’s velocity:the rocket’s velocity:

v =Δd

Δt

d1

d2

d

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Day 2Day 2

• If you have two velocities:If you have two velocities:• From From dd1 1 and and dd22, got , got vv11

• From From dd22 and and dd33, got , got vv22

• Difference: Difference: vv = = vv22 - - vv11

• Calculate the rocket’s Calculate the rocket’s acceleration:acceleration:

a =Δv

Δt

v1

v2

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Now your turn…Now your turn…

• Follow steps (i)-(vi) for Day 2 on handout.Follow steps (i)-(vi) for Day 2 on handout.

• Useful Equations:Useful Equations:

tanA =s

d

Ao = A fovxox fov

v =Δd

Δt

a =Δv

Δt

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Last 15 minLast 15 min

• Organize your thoughts for class Organize your thoughts for class discussion.discussion.

• Write your results on the board: Write your results on the board: • Times of observation (frame #s)Times of observation (frame #s)• VelocitiesVelocities• AccelerationsAccelerations

• What did we do right? Wrong? Next time?What did we do right? Wrong? Next time?• What else could we do with videos?What else could we do with videos?