Religion in Aus Pre-1945Year 11 SOR

Key Terms Atheist- Person who denies or does not believe in the existence of

God Agnostic- Person who holds the view that you can neither

prove/disprove the existence of God Diocese- Region administered by a Bishop Doctrine- Moral or Religious Principles taught by a particular group Established Church- Church recognised by the government as the

official, supported Church Parish- Geographical region centred on a particular Church Protestantism- General term, those breaking away at the

Reformation, 16th century. Also refers to the protesting churches in England- 18th/19th Centuries

Sectarianism- Excessive devotion to a particular religious denomination

Synod- Church delegates convene to discuss/decide Church affairs

Syllabus- Entire Unit Arrival and Establishment of Christianity and 2 other

religious traditions in Australia Issues Related to the development of Christianity in

Australia pre-1945: Sectarianism Social Welfare

The Contribution of ONE religious tradition in Australia to each of the following pre-1945: Rural and Outback Communities Education Public Morality

Context Religion- Established 1788? Indigenous Australians? Christianity- British but not unified Australians- White, Spoke English, either

Anglican, Protestant or Catholic Perception Change-1945

The First Fleet Australia’s First Christians 2/3 Church of England (+ Protestant

Variants), 1/3 Catholic Chaplain- Rev Richard Johnson The Established Church? CoE- Only Clergy in community Catholics- Essentially Atheists Gov Arthur Phillip-Forced attendance at

CoE worship- Issues?

Early Developments 1798- Methodist Missionaries welcomed First Catholic Mass- Father James Dixon, 1803 Father Dixon banned from performing mass

1804- Irish rebellion in Castle Hill Census 1828- 37k pop. CoE/Protestant/

Catholic (99%), Jewish, ‘Mohammedans (Muslim), Pagans

Census 1861- 43% CoE, 24% Catholic, 13% Presbyterian, 8% Methodist, 0.5% Jewish, 12% Other

Church of England First Chaplain? Established Church- Financially

supported and enforced (Local Gov and Mother Gov)

First Church- St Johns, Parramatta- 1803 William Broughton- First Bishop: 1836 Synods Developed from 1860-

Adelaide/Melb/Sydney

Catholic Church

Catholic Church Irish Convicts- 1/3 of

First Fleet 1798- More Irish

Convicts transported- Rebellion

Rebellion- RELIGION! Catholic v Protestant

First Mass?

Catholic Church Father John Therry-

Adviser, Banker, Confidant Irish Cath. Comm 1820

First Bishop- John Polding Caroline Chisolm- Sydney

Hostel for Catholics 1856 1860s- 12 Religious Orders 1857- Good Samaritan

Sisters 1866- Sisters of St Joseph

Catholic Church 1893- State funding abolished- Church

Schools 1870s +- Independent Education

System: Religious Foundation 1890s- St Vincent De Paul Society Population

First Fleet- Irish Catholics 1850s/90s- Italian Gold Miners By WW1 1914- 300 000 Irish Migrants

Task 1)Explore the concept of the

“Established Church”. Why would this be important- Use Examples

2) Identify 1 significant person who helped establish Christianity within Australia. How did they contribute to the development.

Nonconformist Churches 1798- Methodist/Congregationalist

missionaries arrived 1810- William Crook- First service 1817- First Methodist Chapel- Western

Sydney Active establishers of Churches,

Schools, Hospitals 1882- Women’s Christian Temperance

Union

Presbyterianism Scottish Origin- Mid 1600s 1795- Thomas Muir: Scottish Convict held first

service 1823- Arrival ofJohn Lang- Minister,

Established Scots Church Initiated Scottish Migration- Tradesmen Plotted against CoE and Catholics 1831- John McGarvey (And Brother William)-

Minuster Founded the SMH! (FunFact!) Strong Observers of the Sabbath

Greek Orthodox Small Minority 1818- Part of early Gold Rushes (Sydney

Gazette) 1898- First Church- Surry Hills, NSW 1924- First Bishop- Christophoros Remained a very small minority until

post WW2

Other Religious Traditions- Resistance To….

Immigration Restriction Act- 1901 White Australia Policy- Dictation Test First Aus Pm? “The Doctrine of the

equality of man was never intended to apply to the equality of the Englishman and the Chinaman”

Resentment in 1860s- Chinese miners undercut “White” labour prices

Migrants- Christians only.

Buddhism Officially arrived-Chinese Goldfield Miners-

1850s. Chinese Tea Cups Cape York- QLD- Appx 2000

years old! 1891- 1.2 % of population. 1870s- First Buddhist Community in QLD- Sri

Lankan: Sugar Plantations 1890s- Temple Built on Thursday Island 1911- Population only 0.07%... Why? 1925- Buddhist Society Developed

Islam 16th Century- Indonesian Fishermen: Graves

facing Mecca/Aboriginal Cave Paintings 1860- Camel Drivers- Afghan,Pakistani,

Turkish: Inland exploration Burke and Willis!- 3 Afghans accompanied First Mosque- Marree SA 1882 (Date not

Exact) 1911- 4000 pop, 1933- 1877 pop.

Islam

Task Identify the origins and development of

1 Variant of Christianity (Except CoE) and 1 other Religious Tradition in

Australia. What Challenges did these groups face in Australia?

Home Work (No Class Friday) Read Page 191-192 on Sectarianism Questions 1-3 Be Good to Mum/Dad