Relationships between culture, creativity and tourism in E_ - THE... · culture, tourism,...
Transcript of Relationships between culture, creativity and tourism in E_ - THE... · culture, tourism,...
Creativity as a tool for sustainable competitiveness
Relationships between culture, creativity and tourism in strategic documents – the case study of 4 Polish cities
Relationships between culture, creativity and tourism –measurement and monitoring
technology
• Rapid changes in technology
• The fast pace of technological obsoleteness
mobility
• The growing mobility of products and production factors
• The growing mobility of people
unsustainability
• Loss of the social and natural heritage
• Erosion of the economic base, social unrest
Resistance to imitation
Building of social cohesion
Ability to innovate
Human creativity as a source of innovation
Culture as outcome and source of creativity
Building identity
Occasion for networking
Interest in management of creativity
Neo-liberal ideology prompts interest in accountability of government spending on culture
Emergence of theoretical and practical reflection on culture and creativity – creative sector, class, city
Strategies for creativity-based
development
•Tourism indicated as economic activity that can form synergy with creative sector
No recipe•Different ways to realize the
synergy in urban environment
construction of iconic objects
hosting of hallmark cultural or sport events
• According to Richards and Wilson 2006
building of the identity that may create the unique selling proposition for the city
traditional relationship: cultural tourism, cultural spending
• place promotion due to movies, novels etc.;
enrichment to the traditional mass tourism offer like beach tourism
• promotion of particular places that increases awareness of their existence, values
• business tourism
WarsawCracow
Torun
Lodz
Photographs TripAdvisor
Warsaw - developed by the task force representing members of groups involved in animation of culture.
Visions of culture development: Warsaw as open, modern, creative and highly diversified. Its goals are to ensure active participation of inhabitants in culture, creation of strong identity and effective management of cultural initiatives and funds spent.
Lodz - the document does not contain information on authors or process of its formulation.
The main themes in the strategy: identity, participants, talents, management
Torun - strategy authored by the consulting firm which gathered input from the local stakeholders by focus groups, interviews and web survey.
Priorities set up for Torun embrace: the offer clearly associated with city, high quality and support for start-ups, support for cultural diversity, cultural heritage. They been summed up as: Torun as location of creative institutions and venue for significant cultural events.
Cracow - strategy developed by the team of local activists and experts with support of the consulting firm.
Strategy for Cracow contains 5 goals: Cracow community as patron of artists and culture, Cracow as location of modern institutions, Creative city Cracow, co-operation of the self-government with other entities involved in cultural activities, conservation of the cultural heritage
City Actions involving creativity Links to tourism Metrics
Warsaw Support for creative sector
Building of the identity
None
Interactive maps and information
system arranged around themes
None
None
Lodz Support for film industry and creative
sector
Promotion of the city identity
Business tourism
Tourism products and events as a
medium of promotion
None
None
Implicitly – certificates for best
tourist products
Cracow Promotion of the personalities
Conservation of the heritage and its
promotion
Tourist routes
Religious tourism
Number of themed routes
Implicit – number of cultural
tourists
Position of the city in specialized
rankings
Torun Development of the cultural offer Increase of the number of
cultural tourists
Increase of the number and
duration of the stay
Number of businesses in
tourism and creative industries,
employment
Difficulty in full exploitation of the synergy between culture, tourism, creativity and development
Many potential linkages difficult to trace and measure
The concept of creative sector allows some measurement although it still is not comprehensive
Measurement of correlation between tourism and creative industries may be used to show the linkages and to monitor outcomes of strategies
The size of the creative sector measured by the number of registered businesses. The metrics allow measurement of the influence of micro businesses that may have more impact on local tourism than branches of multinational corporation active in creative sectors
The size of tourism measured as number of nights spent in collective accommodation.
The selected industries have two-digit codes according to NACE ver.2 (the code for every activity has been shown in parentheses).
The data have been divided by the number of inhabitants of the city so that the size of the city could be accounted for.
Poviat cities
Pearson
correlation
Total 0,6617
The operation of museums of all kinds, botanical and zoological gardens;
the preservation of historical sites; and nature reserves activities (91)
0,5441
Creative, arts and entertainment activities (90) 0,6691
Other professional, scientific and technical activities (74) 0,5950
Advertising and market research (73) 0,6079
Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound
recording and music publishing activities (59)
0,4331
Publishing activities (58) 0,6370
Pearson correlation between size of tourism and creative
sector in Polish cities, year 2012
.
The synergy between creative sector and tourism presents one of the options as local development is
considered
Even if it is not the conscious choice there is a potential for realization of common benefits for all stakeholders: host population, creative and tourism sector
businesses, visitors.
As measurement of the effects may be one of the impediments to such co-operation: the correlation coefficients as a simple
monitoring tool has been proposed