Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak (Software Engineering) · PDF fileRPL Pemodelan ......
Transcript of Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak (Software Engineering) · PDF fileRPL Pemodelan ......
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 1
Catatan Kuliah
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak
(Software Engineering) Bagian 2
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 2
Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e
Chapter 6
Rekayasa Sistem
copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005, 2006
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc.
M. Idham Ananta Timur, S.T., M.Kom
Hanya digunakan di lingkungan Universtias
Hanya boleh digandakan untuk mahasiswa di lingkungan universitas
yang menggunakan buku Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach.
Selain itu dilarang keras menggandakan
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 3
Rekayasa Sistem
Elemen sistem berbasis komputer :
Software
Hardware
People
Database
Documentation
Procedures
Sistem :
Hierarki dari elemen makro
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 4
Pemodelan Sistem
Menentukan proses yang melayani kebutuhan sesuai dengan
konsideran yang ada.
Menampilkan perilaku proses dan asumsi dimana perilaku itu
berada.
Secara eksplisit menentukan input exogen dan endogen pada
model.
Input exogen menghubungkan satu konstituen dan satu pandangan
dengan konstituen lain pada tingkat yang sama di level yang lain. Input
endogen menghubungkan komponen individu pada konstituen pada
pandangan khusus.
Menampilkan seluruh kaitan (termasuk output) yang memungkinkan
engineer mempunya pemahaman yang lebih baik.
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 5
Hierarki
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 6
Business Process Engineering
Menggunakan sekumpulan prosedur, metode dan tool yang terpadu untuk menentukan bagaimanan sistem informasi dapat memenuhi tujuan strategis perusahaan.
Fokus pada perusahaan, baru kemudian ke area bisnis
Menciptakan model enterprise, model data dan model proses
Menciptakan bingkai kerja untuk distribusi dan kontrol manajemen informasi yang lebih baik
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 7
Arsitektur Sistem
Tiga arsitektur yang berbeda harus dianalisis dan didesain dalam konteks tujuan bisnis:
Arsitektur data
Arsitektur aplikasi
Arsitektur teknologi
Arsitektur data menyediakan bingkai kerja untuk kebutuhan infromasi dari bisnis atau fungsi bisnis
Arsitektur aplikasi mencakup elemen-elemen sistem yang mentransformasi objek dalam arsitektur data untuk tujuan bisnis
Infrastruktur teknologi menyediakan pondasi untuk arsitektur data dan arsitektur aplikasi
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 8
Hierarki BPE
Information strategy planning (ISP) Tujuan strategis ditentukan Faktor sukses/aturan bisnis ditentukan Model perusahaan dibuat
Business area analysis (BAA) Proses/layanan dimodelkan Inter-relasi proses dan data
Application Engineering RPL Pemodelan aplikasi/prosedur yang merujuk
pada BAA dan batasan-batasan ISP
Construction and delivery menggunakan CASE dan 4GTs, pengujian
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 9
Information Strategy Planning
Isu manajemen Menentukan tujuan bisnis strategis Isolasi critical success factors Melakukan analisis pada pengaruh
teknologi Melakukan analisis pada sistem strategis
Isu teknis Membuat model data tingkat tertinggi Dikelompokkan berdasar area
bisnis/organisasi Memperbaiki model dan clustering
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 10
Menentukan Tujuan dan Sasaran
Tujuan—pernyataan umum tentang arahan Sasaran—menentukan tujuan yang bisa diukur :
mengurangi biaya pabrik pada produk
Sub Sasaran: Menurunkan angka reject dengan 20% di dalam 6 bulan
pertama Memperoleh konsesi 10% dari supplier re-engineer 30% dari komponen untuk fabrikasi yang
lebih mudah selama tahun pertama
Tujuan cenderung strategis, sasaran cenderung taktis
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 11
Business Area Analysis
Menemukan “pengelompokan fungsi dan data bisnis yang
secara natural kohesif” (Martin)
Melakukan aktivitas yang banyak sama dengan ISP, tetapi
lingkupnya lebih dekat ke area bisnis individual
Mengenali sistem informasi yang telah ada
sebelumnya/menentukan kompatibilitas dengan model ISP
baru
Menentukan sistem yang bermasalah
Menemukan sistem yang tidak kompatibel dengan model
informasi baru
Mulai membuat prioritas re-engineering
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 12
Proses BAA
sales
acct
manufacturing
QC
eng’ring
distribution
admin.
Data
Model
Process
Decomposition
Diagram
Matrices
e.g.,
entity/process
matrix
Process
Flow
Models
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 13
Rekayasa Produk
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 14
Template Arsitektur Produk
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 15
Architecture Flow Diagram
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 16
Pemodelan Sistem dengan UML
Deployment diagrams
Setiap box 3D menggambarkan elemen perangkat keras
yang merupakan bagian arsitektur fisik dari sistem
Activity diagrams
Menampilkan aspek prosedural dari elemen sistem
Class diagrams
Menampilkan elemen tingkat sistem dalah hal data yang
menjelaskan elemen dan operasi yang memanipulasi
data tersebut
These and other UML models will be discussed later
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 17
Deployment Diagram
CLSS processor
Sort ing subsystem
Sensor data
acquisit ion subsystem
Operator display
shunt cont roller
Conveyor
Pulse tachBar code reader Shunt actuator
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 18
Activity Diagram
get c onv ey or speed
send shunt
c ont ro l dat a
get shunt st at us read bar c ode
st art c onv ey or l ine
det er m ine b in loc at ion
valid bar code
set f or re jec t b in
conveyor in m ot ion
read bar c ode
get c onv ey or st at us
produc e report ent ry
conveyor stopped
invalid bar code
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 19
Class Diagram
Box
barcode
forwardSpeed
conveyorLocat ion
height
widt h
dept h
weight
cont ent s
readBarcode( )
updat eSpeed ( )
readSpeed( )
updat eLocat ion( )
readLocat ion( )
get Dimensions( )
get Weight( )
checkCont ent s( )
class name
at t ribut es
not e use of capit al
let t er f or mult i-word
at t ribut e names
operat ions (parent heses at end
of name indicat e t he
list of at t ribut es t hat t he
operat ion requires)