Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O...
-
Upload
bertina-james -
Category
Documents
-
view
223 -
download
2
Transcript of Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O...
![Page 1: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Regents Biology
Carbohydrates
![Page 2: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2009-2010 Regents Biology
Carbohydrates:
OH
OH
H
H
HO
CH2OH
HH
H
OH
O
Energy molecules
![Page 3: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Regents Biology
Carbohydrates
Building block molecules =
sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugarsugar
sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar
sugars
![Page 4: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Regents Biology
sucrose
Carbohydrates Function:
quick energy energy storage structure
cell wall in plants
Examples sugars starches cellulose (cell wall)
glucoseC6H12O6
starch
![Page 5: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Regents Biology
Sugars = building blocks Names for sugars usually end in
glucose fructose sucrose maltose OH
OH
H
H
HO
CH2OH
HH
H
OH
O
glucoseC6H12O6
sucrose
fructose
maltose
-ose
![Page 6: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Regents Biology
Building carbohydrates Synthesis
|glucose
|glucose
1 sugar = monosaccharide
2 sugars = disaccharide
|maltose
mono = onesaccharide = sugar
di = two
![Page 7: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Regents Biology
Building carbohydrates Synthesis
|fructose
|glucose
1 sugar = monosaccharide
|sucrose
(table sugar)
2 sugars = disaccharide
How sweetit is!
![Page 8: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Regents Biology
BIG carbohydrates Polysaccharides
large carbohydrates starch
energy storage in plants potatoes
glycogen energy storage in animals
in liver & muscles cellulose
structure in plants cell walls
chitin structure in arthropods & fungi
exoskeleton
poly = many
![Page 9: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Regents Biology
Building BIG carbohydratesglucose + glucose + glucose… =
starch(plant)
glycogen(animal)
energystorage
polysaccharide
![Page 10: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Regents Biology
Digesting starch vs. cellulose
starcheasy todigest
starcheasy todigest
cellulosehard todigest
cellulosehard todigest
enzyme
enzyme
![Page 11: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Regents Biology
Cellulose Cell walls in plants
herbivores can digest cellulose well most carnivores cannot digest cellulose
that’s why they eat meat to get their energy & nutrients
cellulose = roughage stays undigested keeps material
moving in your intestines
![Page 12: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Regents Biology
Different Diets of HerbivoresCow
can digest cellulose well; no need to eat other sugars
Gorillacan’t digest cellulose well; must add another sugar source, like fruit to diet
![Page 13: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Regents Biology
Helpful bacteria How can cows digest cellulose so well?
BACTERIA live in their stomachs & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals
Eeeew…Chewing
cud?
![Page 14: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2009-2010 Regents Biology
Let’s build some
Carbohydrates!
EATX
![Page 15: Regents Biology Carbohydrates Regents Biology 2009-2010 Carbohydrates: OH H H HO CH 2 OH H H H OH O Energy molecules.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f385503460f94c54ed8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Regents Biology
Activities building starch by bonding together
paper glucose molecules eat carrots, celery, cookies