Refugees from the DDR and integration in the BRD Pia Eileen Ruminski.
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Transcript of Refugees from the DDR and integration in the BRD Pia Eileen Ruminski.
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Refugees from the DDR and integration in the BRD
Pia Eileen Ruminski
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Table of contents• Formation of the GDR (German Democratic
Republic) and FRG (Federal Republic of German), i.e. East Germany and West Germany• Everyday life in the East • Everyday life in the West• 17. June 1953• The escape • Integration• The fall of the wall• Sources• Sources of picture
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Formation of the GDR (German Democratic Republic) and FRG (Federal Republic of German)
1945 Germany was divided(Great Britain, Soviet Union,
France and USA)
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Everyday life in East
• The government was responsible for the education of the children
• The secret police ( Stasi) monitored and controlled everything
• “official“ and “unofficial“ employees• 13. August 1961 Berlin wall• The State system was expensive 1963 “inmate
sale“• 3.5 million Deutsch Marks (DM)
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Everyday life in the West
• 1950-1960 - economic miracle• Strict role distribution in the families
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17. June 1953
• 17. June 1953 the workers rebellion• Reason: People had to work harder for less money• Slogon of the protesters: “We are the people“!• 2 million protesters altogether• The revolt was brutally put down
(command=Mosow) hundreds of dead and injured• Therefore many people went to the west
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The escape
• Secret plans to escape• Refugees organizations• In case people were caught long and brutal trials• 1946- 1961 3.5 millions people escaped• 1961- 1988 616.051 people fled
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Integration
• Government help refugees camp (Uelzen, Gießen, Berlin- Marienfeld)
• „Real” refugees• „Unreal” refugees• Financial support• Different opinions about refugees• Finally 1953 the foreign countries approved the
integration program
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The fall of the wall
• The communist system in Europe broke down the DDR too
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Sources• Peter Bengelsdorf, Das Recht zum Verlassen des Staatsgebietes in
den Deutschen Verfassungen von 1919 – 1964, Heidelberg 1965• Volker Ackermann, Der „echte“ Flüchtling Deutsche Vertriebene
und Flüchtlinge aus der DDR 1945-1961, Bramsche 1995• Alexandra Hildebrandt (Hrsg.), Deutsche Nachkriegsgeschichte in
ausgewählten Aufsätzen von Rainer Hildebrandt 1949-1993, Berlin 2008 (2.Auflage)
• Jens Gieseke, Die DDR-Staatssicherheit Schild und Schwert der Partei, Bonn 2001
• Ute Geiling/ Friederike Heinzel, Erinnerungsreise-Kindheit in der DDR, Hohengehren 2000
• Gerhard Schröter, Jugendliche Flüchtlinge aus der SBZ, München 1959
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• Frank Hoffmann, Junge Zuwanderer in Westdeutschland, Frankfurt am Main 1999
• Kaus J. Bade/Jochen Oltmer, Normalfall Migration, Bonn 2004• Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (Hrsg.), Vorgeschichte und Entstehung der
DDR – Der Anfang vom Ende, Bonn 1989• Werner Maihofer (Bundesminister des Innern), Wegweiser für
Flüchtlinge und Übersiedler aus der DDR, 1978
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• Andrea Oster, http//:www.planetwissen.de/politik_geschichte/ddr , Stand 01.06.2009
• Asiye Öztürk, http://www.bpb.de/apuz/59729/editorial, Stand 18.10.2011
• Dr. Susanne Hertrampf, http://www.bpb.de/gesellschaft/gender/frauenbewegung/35287/neue-welle-im-westen , Stand 08.09.2008
• Günther Heydemann http://www.bpb.de/izpb/9766/gesellschaft-und-alltag-in-der-ddr , Stand 04.Februar 2013,
• Karin Thomas, http://www.bpb.de/geschichte/zeitgeschichte/deutschlandarchiv/147782/alltag-in- der-ddr-aus-ungewöhnlichen-perspektiven , Stand 04.Februar 2013
• Karl Wilhelm Fricke, http://www.bpb.de/apuz/27597/die-nationale-dimension-des-17-juni-1953?p=0, Stand 02.06.2003
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• http://www.bpb.de/apuz/150693/auszug-sozialer-wandel , Stand 29.11.2012
• http//:einestages.spiegel.de/static/topicalbumbackground/4957/mit_heissluft_in-die_freiheit.html
• http//:www.spiegel-online.de/sport/fussball/ddr-fluechtling-kruse-ich-wurde-von-der-polizei-gesucht-a-773083.html
• http://www.zeit.de/politik/rau_17juni
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Sources of pictures• http://img1.seite3.ch/news/309/238245-conradschumann.jpg• http://static.cosmiq.de/data/de/803/
d0/803d04193268a9519a5371d3826f98a9_1_orig.jpg• http://www.tourdresden.de/v1/wp-content/uploads/2006/10/ddr3.gif• http://www.flags.de/images/Flagge-DDR.jpg• http://www.stefan-arold.de/pics-fifties/goggo05.jpg• http://www.google.de/imgres?q=Hausfrauen+brd&bi• http://www.npd-oberweser.de/inhalte/image/volksaufstand1953.jpg• http://www.ostseeflucht.de/wp-content/uploads/doebler.jpg• http://www.br.de/franken/inhalt/zeitgeschichte/ballonflucht-ddr• http://www.brasil.diplo.de/contentblob/2046774/Galeriebild_gross/
243034/19901002_Hammer_und_Zirkel_zweckentfremdet.jpg• http://www.bukarest.diplo.de/contentblob/2018056/Galeriebild_gross/
225082/3Oktober1990_1.jpg