Refugee Resettlement Through the Lens of Occupational Therapy
Refugee Resettlement Process
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Transcript of Refugee Resettlement Process
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Refugee Resettlement Process
Carleen Miller, MA, LMHC, LMFTExecutive Director
Exodus Refugee Immigration [email protected]
(317) 921-0836
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INDIANA’S REFUGEE COMMUNITY
For more than 35 years Indiana has participated in a humanitarian movement to assist refugees and facilitate resettlement.
Refugees in Indiana have come from:Burma, Columbia, Cuba, Eritrea, Iran, Iraq,
Afghanistan, Liberia, Russia, Rwanda, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Uzbekistan, DR of the Congo, and other countries
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A Refugee is …
A person who "owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country"
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Refugees vs. Displaced Persons
- Forced to leave homes
- Crossed the border- Internationally
recognized- 12-15 million
estimated
- Forced to leave homes
- Remain in the country of origin
- Not internationally recognized
- 25 million
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Fleeing Their Homeland
• Persecution, ethnic cleansing, human rights violations, torture, imprisonment
• Lives threatened• Forced to leave without warning• Not able to bring any basic supplies• Leave with family and clothes on their
backs, danger along the way
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Life in the Refugee Camps• Strict rules • Basic Health Care• Basic Education• No citizenship• Over crowded• Under-supplied• Exposed to disease• Crime• Disabling – cooking,
working• Other harsh conditions
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Thailand CampMalaysia Refugee
Area
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Refugee “Camp” in Jordan-bbc
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Iraqi Refugee in Rented Apartment in Jordan-BBC
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Liberian Children in a Refugee camp in Ghana
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Possible Solutions1) Repatriation: Returning to their
home country a) Waitingb) Resolve conflict
2) Nationalization: Citizenship of host country
3) Resettlement:a) 1% of 1% get resettledb) US resettles 60% of resettled refugeesc) Extremely difficult choice for refugees
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“Refugee" Status• Application
– Four Interviews with the UNHCR
• 3rd Country’s own criteria for resettlement
• Long wait for an available slot
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Assigning Countries• UNHCR
– Establishes legal status as refugee for applicant
– United States, Australia, Canada, Scandinavian countries, New Zealand, Great Britain, Holland and others.
– Affidavit of Relationship (family reunification)– Random assignments– Community grouping
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Refugee Processing
• Two international agencies work in countries of first asylum to process refugee applicants for resettlement– The Joint Voluntary Agency and the International
Organization for Migration• Provide initial screening, interviews and
processing of cases for immigration and naturalization
• IOM also coordinates travel of refugees to resettlement countries
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The US Citizenship and Immigration Services Part of Department of Homeland Security and US Department of Health and Human Services
• Only accept refugees from 14 countries• Conduct interviews overseas• Limit on number allowed into US• Must be approved to enter the US• Determine if resettlement is only viable
option• Must meet certain guidelines once living
here– Identification– Health –Criminal Record
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Material Support• Patriot Act
– Material Support• Changed the definition of terrorism
• Impact on RefugeesBefore 9/11- 70,000 refugeesAfter 9/11- 30,000 refugeesNow- 70,000 refugees
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Assignment to Voluntary Agencies
• US Department of State, Office for Populations, Refugees and Migration (PRM) allocates refugee cases
• Ten National Agencies receive refugee cases and assign to affiliates in the United States
• Indiana has four affiliates. Two are associated with US Conference of Catholic Bishops. One is affiliated with Church World Service and Episcopal Migration Ministries and one is affiliated with World Relief
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Pre-Arrival Preparation
• Affiliates get assigned cases – we accept or deny
• Limited paperwork is sent on client demographics such as family composition ethnicity, language, religion and any known medical issues (from medical screening).
• Notice comes 1-2 weeks before arrival in the United States
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US Refugee Funding• US State Department, PRM provides each
resettlement agency with $900 per refugee. $450 must go to the refugee as cash or rent etc. $450 can be used to support the services of the agency
• Office of Refugee Resettlement ORR (Part of the Department for Health and Human Services HHS) provides grants to support self-sufficiency services such as employment, language training and alternatives to welfare programs
• Private Donations
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Refugee Resettlement in the Placement City
• Start with nothing• Apartment set up• Airport pick up• Apartment Orientation• Core Services and Cultural Orientation
– Basic needs (furniture, clothing, food, rental assistance)
– Health– Welfare (Medicaid, Food Stamps, Limited Cash
Assistance)– Language and Job Training– Education– Self-sufficiency Programs– Employment Services
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Refugees In Indiana Today
• Burma– Ethnic Groups Who Speak Different Languages
and Have Different Cultural Norms• Burmese• Chin • Karen• Karenni• Mon• Other (Chinese-Burmese, Kachin, Rakhine, Shan)
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Refugees in Indiana Today• Iraqi
– Shiite– Sunni– Christian
• Iranians
• Eritrean
• Chinese
• Other African and Asian Countries
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Challenges facing Resettled Refugees
• Language• Culture • Schools • American appliances• Employment• Transportation• Bills• Budget • Banking• Prejudice
• Health and Mental Health
• Substance Abuse• Climate• Loss
• Americans’ knowledge of refugees– Awareness– Flexibility– Cultural competency– Understanding refugees are
legal United States Residents
– Health concerns
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Resettlement Shock for Iraqi Refugees in US
Sunni/Shiite/Christian
• Resettled into poverty• Professional credentials not recognized• Lower standard of living and status• Diversity adjustment and small Arabic
community• Long transition period• Tenacious and resourceful
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Contributions Refugees Make to Indiana
• Food• Businesses• Consumers• Art• Ritual• Language• Religion• Diversity• Strong Family Ties
• Industrious Workforce• Community Service• Civic Pride• Professionals in a
variety of fields• Generations to come of
passionate committed citizens
• Hope and Courage
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Indianapolis is Home to Thousands ofPersons of Courage and Hope
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