Reform in the Catholic WorldHistory 104 / January 16, 2013

Reminder: St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome (built 1506-1626)

Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556)

Jesuit college in Freiburg, Germany

St. Michael’s, Munich

Jesuit interior in the baroque style (Hall in Tyrol, Austria)

The Council of Trent (meets 1545-1563)

Bishops in consultation at Trent

Luther’s hymn A Mighty Fortress (1527)

Luther’s hymn (modern arrangement)

The Augsburg Confession(presented to – and rejected by – Charles V, 1530)

Charles VKing of Spain,

1516-1556Holy Roman Emperor,

1519-1556

portrait by Titian

The Peace of Augsburg (1555)

“cuius regio,eius religio”

Henry VIIIKing of England,

1509-1547

portrait by Holbein

The Wives of Henry VIII

#1, Catherine of Aragon: mother to

“Bloody Mary”(born 1516)

#2, Anne Boleyn: mother to Elizabeth

(born 1533)

#3, Jane Seymour:mother to Prince

Edward(born 1537)

Thomas Cromwell and Archbishop Thomas Cranmerprepare the way for the Act of Supremacy

Thomas More at the height of his power (1530)…

… and his execution (1535)

Mary Tudor(a.k.a. “Bloody Mary”)

Queen of England, 1553-1558

Wife of Philip of Spain,1554-1558

From Foxe’s Book of Martyrs: burning

From Foxe’s Book of Martyrs: the rack

Elizabeth IQueen of England,

1558-1603

Book of Common Prayer (1559 edition)

Gaspard de Coligny(1519-1572)

French admiral and advocate of the Huguenot

(Calvinist) cause

The St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (Paris, August 1572)

Henry IVKing of France,

1589-1610

The Edict of Nantes (1598)