REFERENCES - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/22413/19/19... · References 181...
Transcript of REFERENCES - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/22413/19/19... · References 181...
REFERENCES
Alben J. O. and Fiamingo F.G. (1984). Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy. In: Rousseau (ed.) Optical techniques in Biological
Research. Acadamic, Orlando : 133-179.
Alexander, A. (1981). Biodegradation: Problems of molecular
recalcitrance and microbial fallibility. Advances in Applied
Microbiology 7: 35-80.
Alvarez, H. M. (2003): Relationship between β-oxidation pathway and the
hydrocarbon-degrading profile in actinomycete bacteria.
International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 52(1): 35-42.
Alverez, H. M., Mayer, F., Fabritius, D. and Steinbuchel, A. (1996).
Formation of intracytoplasmic lipid inclusion by Rhodocoocus
opacus PD630. Archieves of Microbiology 165: 377-386.
APHA (1995). Standard methods 19th edition. American Public Health
Association, Washington, DC.
Arenskötter, M., Baumeister, D., Berekaa, M. M., Pötter, G.,
Kroppenstedt, R. M., Linos, A. and Steinbüchel, A. (2001).
Taxonomic characterization of two rubber degrading bacteria
belonging to the species Gordonia polyisoprenivorans and
analysis of hypervariable regions of 16S rDNA sequences. FEMS
Microbiology Letters 205: 277-282.
Arenskotter, M., Broker, D., and Steinbuchel, A. (2004). Biology of the
metabolically diverse genus Gordonia. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology 70: 3195-3204.
180
Atlas, R. M. (1981). Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons: an
environmental perspective. Microbiological Reviews 45(1): 180–
209.
Atlas, R. M. (1988). Microbiology-Fundamentals and applications 2nd ed.,
Macmilan publishing Co. New York 352.
Atlas, R. M. and Bartha, R. (1972). Biodegradation of petroleum in
seawater at low temperatures. Canadian Journal of Microbiology
18(12) :1851–1855.
Atlas, R. M. and Bartha, R. (1998). Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals and
applications. 4th Edition. Benjamin and Cummings Science publishing,
California.
Azizian, M. F. and Nelson, P. O. (2003). Environmental impact of
highway construction and repair materials on surface and ground
waters. Case study: Crumb rubber asphalt concentrate. Waste
management 23 (8): 719-728
Bachmann, S. I. and McCarthy, A. J. (1991). Purification and cooperation
activity of enzymes constituting the xylan degrading system of
Thermomonospora fusca. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology 57: 2121-2130.
Ball, A. S. and Mc. Carthy, A. J. (1988). Saccharification of straw by
actinomycete enzymes. Journal of General Microbiology 55:
1642-1644.
Banat (1995). Biosurfactant production and possible uses in microbial
enhanced oil recovery and oil pollution remediation- a review.
Bioresource Technology 51:1-2.
References 181
Banh, Q., Arenskotter, M. and Steinbuchel, A. (2005). Establishment of
Tn 5096 based transposon mutagenesis in Gordonia
polyisoprenivorens. Applied and Environmental Microbiology
71(9): 5077-5084.
Barkay, T., Navon-Venezia, S., Ron, E. R. and Rosenberg, E. (1999).
Enhancement of solubilization and biodegradation of poly
aromatic hydrocarbons by the bi emulsifier Alasan. Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 65: 2697-2702.
Bartha, R. and Atlas, R. M. (1987). Transport and transformations of
petroleum: biological process. In. Boesch, D. F. and Rabalais, N.
N. (ed.) Long term environmental effects of offshore oil and gas
development. Taylor & Francis : 287-342.
Bartha, R. and Atlas, R. M. (1987). Transport and transformations of
petroleum: Biological process. In: Boesch, D. F. and Nancy N.
Rabalais, N. N. (ed.) Long-term Environmental Effects of
Offshore Oil and Gas Development. Taylor & Francis: 287-
342.
Bees, M. A., Andresen, A., Mosekilde, E. and Givskov, M. (2000). The
interaction of thin-film flow, bacterial swarming and cell
differentiation in colonies of Serratia liquiefaciens. Journal of
Mathematical Biology 40: 27-63.
Belhateche, D. H. (1995). Choose appropriate waste water treatment
technologies. Chemical Engineering Progress 91: 32-51.
Bell, G. H. (1973). Solubilities of normal, aliphatic acids, alcohols, and
alkanes in water. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 10:1-10.
182
Ben-Jacob, E., Cohen, I., Shochet, O. and Tenebaum, A. (1995).
Cooperative formation of chiral patterns during growth of bacterial
colonies. Physical Review Letters 75(15): 2899-2902.
Ben-Jacob, E., Shochet, O., Tenebaum, A., Cohen, I., Czirok, A. and
Vicsek, T. (1994). Generic modelling of cooperative growth
patterns in bacterial colonies. Nature 368: 46-49.
Berekaa, M. M. and Steinbuchel, A. (2000). Microbial degradation of the
multiply branched alkane 2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23-
hexamethyltetracosane (squalane) by Mycobacterium fortuitum
and Mycobacterium ratisbonense. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology 66(10): 4462-4467.
Berekaa, M. M., Barakaat, A., El- Sayed, S. M. and El- Assar, S. A.
(2005). Degradation of natural rubber by Achromobacter sp. NRB
and evaluation of culture conditions Polish journal of Microbiology
54(1): 55-62.
Berekaa, M. M., Linos, A., Reichelt, R., Keller, U. and Steinbuchel, A.
(2000). Effect of pretreatment of rubber material on its
biodegradability by various rubber degrading bacteria. FEMS
Microbiology Letters 184:199-206.
Blumer, M. (1976). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in nature. Scientific
American 234: 35-45.
Bode, H. B., Kerkhoff, K. and Jendrossek, D. (2001). Bacterial
degradation of natural and synthetic rubber. Biomacromolecules
2: 295-303.
Bode, H.B., Zeeck, A., Pluckhahn, K. and Jendrossek, D. (2000).
Physiological and chemical investigations into microbial
References 183
degradation of synthetic poly (cis-1,4-isoprene). Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 66(9): 3680-3685.
Boethling, R. S. and Alexander, M. (1979). Effect of Concentration of
Organic Chemicals on their Biodegradation by Natural Microbial
Communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 37(6):
1211–1216.
Bojra, R., Banks, C. J. and Garrido, A. (1994). Kinetics of black olive waste
water treatment by the activated sludge system. Process
Biochemistry, 29: 587-593.
Borel, M., Kergomard, A. and Renrd, M. F. (1982). Degradation of natural
rubber by fungi imperfecti. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry
46(4): 877-881.
Bossert, I. and Bartha, R. (1984). The fate of petroleum in soil
ecosystems. In. Atlas R. M. (ed.), Petroleum microbiology.
Macmillan Publishing Co., New York : 434-476.
Braaz, R, Armbruster, W. and Jendrossek, D. (2005). Heme dependent
rubber oxygenase RoxA of Xanthomonas sp. cleaves the
backbone of poly(cis-1,4-Isoprene) by a dioxygenase mechanism.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 71: 2473-2478.
Braaz, R., Fischer, P. and Jendrossek, D. (2004). Novel type of heme-
dependent oxygenase catalyzes oxidative cleavage of rubber
(poly-cis-1,4-isoprene). Applied and Environmental Microbiology
70: 7388-7395.
Bredberg, K. Andersson, B. E. Landfors, E. and Holst, O. (2002).
Microbial detoxification of waste rubber material by wood rotting
fungi. Bioresource Technology 83: 221-224
184
Bredberg, K., Christiansson, M., Bellander, M., Stenberg, B., and Holst,
O. (2001). Properties of rubber materials containing recycled
microbially devulcanized cryo-ground tire rubber. Progress in
Rubber and Plastics Technology 17(3): 149-161.
Britton, L. N. (1984). Microbial degradation of aliphatic hydrocarbons. In.
Gibson, D. T. (ed.), Microbial degradation of organic compounds.
Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York : 89-129.
Bröker, D., Arenskötter, M., Legatzki, A., Nies, D. H. and Steinbüchel, A.
(2004). Characterization of the 101-kilobase-pair megaplasmid
pKB1, isolated from the rubber-degrading bacterium Gordonia
westfalica Kb1. Journal of Bacteriology 186: 212-225.
Buchanan, R. G and Gibbons, N. E. (ed.) (1974). Bergey’s manual of
determinative bacteriology. 8th edition. The Williams and Williams
Co., Baltimore.
Buhler*, M. and Schindler, J. (1984). Aliphatic hydrocarbons. In Rehm, H.
and Reed, G. (ed.) Biotechnology. Verlag Chemie Weiheim,
Germany : 329-385.
Burns, R. G. and Dick, R. P. (ed.) (2002). In. Enzymes in the
Environment: Activity, Ecology and Applications. CRC Press,
U.S.A.: 462-465.
Caldwell, D. E., Wolfaardt, G. M., Korber, D. R. and Lawrence, J. R.
(1997). Do bacterial communities transcend Darwinism?
Advances in Microbial Ecology 15:105-191.
Cantwell, S. G., Lau, E. P., Watt, D. S. and Fall, R. R. (1978).
Biodegradation of acyclic isoprenoids by Pseudomonas species.
Journal of Bacteriology 135(2): 324-333.
References 185
Cerniglia, C. E. (1984). Microbial transformation of aromatic
hydrocarbons. In. Atlas, R. M. (ed), Petroleum microbiology.
Macmillan Publishing Co., New York: 99-128.
Cerniglia, C. E. (1992). Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons. Biodegradation 3: 351-368.
Chapman, A. V. and Porter, M. (1988). In. Natural Rubber Science and
technology. Roberts A. D. (ed.) Oxford University Press. Oxford.
511-620.
Chen, H. J., Guo, G. L., Tseng, D. H., Cheng, C. L. and Huang, S. L.
(2006). Growth factors, kinetics and biodegradation mechanism
associated with Pseudomonas nitroreducens TX 1 grown on
octylphenol polyethoxylates. Journal of Environmental
Management 80: 279-286.
Chin, P. S., Chang, W. P., Lau, C. M. and Pong, K. S. (1974).
Deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR). Proceedings of the rubber
research Institute of Malaysia, Planters’ Conference, Kuala
Lampur, Malaysia: 252-262.
Chuphal, Y., Kumar, V. and Thakur, I. S. (2005). Biodegradation and
decolorization of pulp and paper mill effluent by anaerobic and
aerobic microorganisms in a sequential bioreactor. World Journal
of Microbiology and Biotechnology 21 (8-9): 1439-1445.
Churchill, S. A., Harper, J. P. and Churchill, P. F. (1999). Isolation and
characterization of a Mycobacterium species capable of
degrading three and four-ring aromatic and aliphatic
hydrocarbons. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65(2):
549-552.
186
Clayton, G. and Clayton, F. (ed.) (1981). In. Patty’s Industrial Hygeine
and Toxicology vol. 2B, Newyork : 3645-3669
Clements, W. H., Oris, J. T. and Wissing, T. E. (1994). Accumulation and
food chain transfer of fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene in
Chironomus riparius and Lepomis macrochirus. Archieves of
Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 26: 261-266.
Cockerham, L. G. and Shane, B. S. (1994). Basic environmental
Toxicology. CRC Press, Inc., USA.
Cundell*, A. M. and Mulcock, A. P. (1973). Microbiological deterioration
of vulcanized rubber. Material and Organismen 8: 165-177.
Cundell, A. M. and Mulcock, A. P. (1975). The biodeterioration of rubber
pipe joint rings in sewer mains. Proceedings of the Third
International Biodegradation Symposium. London Applied sience
Publishers limited : 659.
Curds, C. R., Cockburn, A. and Vandike, J. M. (1968). An Experimental
Study of the Role of the Ciliated Protozoa in the Activated-Sludge
Process. Water Pollution Control 67: 312-329.
De wever, H., Besse, P. and Verachtert, H. (2001). Microbial
transformations of 2-substituted benzathizoles. Applied
Microbiology and Biotechnology. 57 (5-6) : 620-625.
Demanèche, S., Meyer, C. Micoud, J., Louwagie, M., Willison, J.
C. and Jouanneau, Y. (2004). Identification and functional
analysis of two aromatic-ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases from a
Sphingomonas strain that degrades various polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70(11):
6714-6725.
References 187
Desai, J. D. and Banat, I. M. (1997). Microbial production of surfactants
and their commercial application. Microbiology and Molecular
Biology Reviews 61(1): 47-74.
Dibble, J. T. and Bartha, R. (1979). Effect of environmental parameters
on the biodegradation of oil sludge. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology. 37(4): 729–739.
Dio, Y. (ed.) (1990). Microbial Polyesters. VCH publishers, New York.
Dott, W., Feidieker, D., Steiof, M., Becker, P. M. and Kampfer, P. (1995).
Comparison of ex situ and in situ techniques for bioremediation of
hydrocarbon-polluted soils. International Biodeterioration and
Biodegradation 35 (1-3): 301-316.
Efroymson, R. A. and Alexander, M. (1991). Biodegradation by an
Arthrobacter species of hydrocarbons partitioned in to an organic
solvent. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57: 1441-1447.
Enoki, M., Doi, Y. and Iwata, T. (2003). Oxidative degradation of cis- and
trans-1,4-polyisoprenes and vulcanized natural rubber with
enzyme-mediator systems. Biomacromolecules 4: 314-320.
Fetzner, S. (2002). Oxygenases without requirement for cofactors or
metal ions. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 60: 243-
257.
Fewson, C.A. (1988). Biodegradation of xenobiotics and other persistent
chemicals: causes of recalcitrance. Trends in Biotechnology 6:
145-153.
Fiechter, A. (1992). Biosurfactants: moving towards industrial application.
Trends in Food Science and Technology 3: 286-293.
188
Furumai, H., Kurisu, F., Katayama, H. (ed.) (2007). In. Southeast Asian
Water Environment 2 IWA publishing : 266
George, C. J., Benett, G. F., Simoneoux, D. K. and George, W. J. (1988).
Polychlorinated biphenyls: a toxicological review. Journal of
Hazardous materials 18: 133-144.
Gerardi M. H. (1995). Wastewater Biology: The Microlife, A Special
Publication, Water Environment Federation, 2nd edition,
Alexandria, Virginia.
Gerkhe, T., Telegdi, J., Thierry, D. and Sand, W. (1998). Importance of
extracellular polymeric substances from Thiobacillus ferrooxidants
for bioleaching. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64:
2743-2747.
Gibbs, C. F., Pugh, K. B. and Andrews, A. R. (1975). Quantitative studies
on marine biodegradation of oil. II. Effect of temperature.
Proceedings of the Royal Society London B: Biological Sciences
188: 83–94.
Gidrol, X., Chrestin, H., Tan, H. L., and Kush, A. (1994). Hevein, a lectin-
like protein from Hevea brasiliensis (Rubber Tree) is involved in
the coagulation of latex. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 269
(12): 9278-9283.
Giordani, R., Regli, P. and Bue, J. (2002). Antifungal effect of Hevea
brasiliensis latex with various fungi. Its synergistic action with
amphotericin B against Candida albicans. Mycoses 45 (11-12):
476-481.
Gomez, J. B., and Moir, G. F. J. (1979). The ultracytology of latex vessels
in Hevea brasiliensis. Malaysian Rubber Research and
Development Board. Monogr. Kuala Lumpur 4:1-11.
References 189
Gómez-Gil, L., Kumar, P., Barriault, D., Bolin, J. T., Sylvestre, M. and
Eltis, L. D. (2007). Characterization of Biphenyl Dioxygenase of
Pandoraea pnomenusa B-356 as a Potent Polychlorinated
Biphenyl-Degrading Enzyme. Journal of Bacteriology 189 (15):
5705-5715.
Gonazalez, J. F. (ed.) (1996). Waste water treatment in fisheries, FAO.
Fisheries technical paper, FAO of united nations, Rome.
Gu Ji- D (2003). Microbial deterioration and degradation of synthetic
polymeric materials: Recent research advances. International
Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 52: 69-91.
Gu, J. and Mitchell, R. (2001). Biodeterioration. In. Dworkin, M. Falkow,
S. Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, K. and Stackebrandt, E. (eds) The
Prokaryotes: An Evolving Electronic Resource for the
Microbiological Community. (3rd ed.) Springer-Verlag, New York
Gu, J., Ford, T. E., Mitton, D. B. and Mitchell, R. (2000). Microbial
degradation and deterioration of polymeric materials. In. Revie, R.
W. (ed.) The Uhlig’s Corrosion Handbook, 2nd Edition. Wiley, New
York. 439-460.
Haba, E., Espuny, M. J., Busquets, M. and Manresa, A. (2000).
Screening and production of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas
aeruginosa 47T2 NCIB 40044 from frying oils. Journal of Applied
Microbiology 88: 379-387.
Hall, E. R. and Melcer, H. (1983). Biotechnology developments for the
treatment of toxic and inhibitory waste waters. Biotechnology
Advances 1: 59-71.
190
Hamamura, N. and Arp, D. J. (2000). Isolation and characterization of
alkane utilizing Nocardioides sp. strain CF8. FEMS Microbiology
Letters 186: 21-26.
Hamamura, N., Yeager, C. M. and Arp, D. J. (2001). Two distinct
monooxygenases for alkane oxidation in Nocardioides sp. strain
CF8. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67: 4992-4998.
Heisey, R. M. and Papadatos, S. (1995). Isolation of microorganisms
able to metabolize purified natural rubber. Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 61: 3092-3097.
Holmberg, K. (2001). Natural surfactants. Current Opinion in Colloid and
Interface Science 6: 148-159.
Hussain, S., Arshad, M., Saleem, M. and Khalid, A. (2007).
Biodegradation of alpha- and beta-endosulfan by soil bacteria.
Biodegradation 18(6): 731-40.
Ibrahim, A., Sethu, S., Karim, M. Z. and Isa, Z. (1979).
Anaerobic/facultative ponding system for treatment of latex
concentrate effluent. Proceedings of Rubber Research Institute of
Malaysian Planter’s Conference, Kuala Lampur : 419-435.
Ibrahim, E. M. A., Arenskotter, M., Luftmann, H. and Steinbuchel, A.
(2006). Identification of poly cis 1,4 isoprene degradation
intermediates during growth of moderately thermophilic
actinomycetes on rubber and cloning of a functional Kp
homologue from Nocardia farcinia strain E. Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 72(5) : 3375-3382.
Ikram, A., Alias, O. and Napi, D. (2000). Biodegradability of NR gloves in
soil. Journal of Rubber Research 3(2): 104-114.
References 191
Indian standards: 3708 (part I). (1985). Indian standard specification of
natural rubber latex. Indian Standards Institution, New Delhi.
Jackson, K. D., Starkey, M., Kremer, S., Parsek, M. R. and Wozniak, D.
J. (2004). Identification of psl, a locus encoding a potential
exopolysaccharide that is essential for Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PAO1 biofilm formation. Journal of Bacteriology. 186(14): 4466-
4475.
Jayachandran, K. and Chandrasekaran, M. (1998). Biological coagulation
of skim latex using Acinetobacter sp. isolated from natural rubber
latex centrifugation effluent. Biotechnology Letters 20: 161-164.
Jayachandran, K., Suresh, P. V. and Chandrasekaran, M. (1994). A
noval Acinetobacter sp. for treating highly acidic rubber latex
centrifugation effluent. Biotechnology Letters 16: 649-654.
Jendrossek, D. and Reinhardt, S. (2003). Sequence analysis of a gene
product synthesized by Xanthomonas sp. during growth on
natural rubber latex. FEMS Microbiology Letters 224: 61-65.
Jendrossek, D., Tomasi, G. and Kroppenstedt, R. M. (1997). Bacterial
degradation of natural rubber: a privilege of actinomycetes?
FEMS Microbiology Letters 150: 179-188.
Jenson, K. A. (Jr.), Bao, W., Kawai, S., Srebotnik, E. and Hammel, K. E.
(1996). Manganese dependant cleavage of non- phenolic lignin
structure by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora in the absence of lignin
peroxidase. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 62: 3679-
3686.
Jin, M., Wang, X., Gong, T., Gu, C., Zhang, B., Shen, Z. and Li, J. (2005).
A novel membrane reactor enhanced by effective microorganisms
192
for the treatment of domestic water. Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology 69: 229-235.
Johnson, G. D. (1951). A new preparation of 2,4- dinitrophenyl hydrazones.
Journal of American Chemical Society. 73, 5888- 5889.
Jones, L. A., Holmes, J. C. and Seligman, R. B. (1956).
Spectrophotometric studies of some 2,4- dinitrophenylhydrazones.
Analytical Chemistry 28: 191.
Julkowska, D., Obuchowski, M., Holland, B., Seror, S. (2004). Branched
swarming patterns on a synthetic medium formed by wild-type
Bacillus subtilis strain 3610: detection of different cellular
morphologies and constellations of cells as the complex
architecture develops. Microbiology 150 : 1839-1849.
Kaatz, I. and Keeney, M. (1966). Quantitative micro determination and
isolation of plasmalogen aldehyde as 2, 4- dinitrophenyl hydrazones.
Journal of Lipid Research 7: 170 –174
Kadir, M. O. A., Ismail, N., Abllah, N. F. N. and Rahman, N. N. B. A.
(1999) Biodegradation kinetics in bioaugmented extended
aeration reactors for latex effluent. Journal of Rubber Research.
4th Quarter Volume 2(4).
Kadir, M. O. A., Ismail, N., Abllah, N. F. N. and Rahman, N. N. B. A.
(2000). Use of Natural Bacteria to Accelerate the Extended
Aeration Treatment of Processed Latex Effluent. Journal of
Rubber Research. 1st Quarter 3 (1).
Kelley, I. and Cerniglia, C. E. (1995). Degradation of a mixture of high-
molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by a
Mycobacterium strain PYR-1. Journal of Soil Contamination 4:
77-91.
References 193
Khan, A. A., Wang, R.., Cao, W.. , Franklin, W. and Cerniglia. C. E.
(1996). Reclassification of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-
metabolizing bacterium, Beijerinckia sp. strain B1, as
Sphingomonas yanoikuyae by fatty acid analysis, protein pattern
analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, and 16S ribosomal DNA
sequencing. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 46:
466-469.
Khan, Z. and Anjaneyalu, Y. (2005). Review on applications of
bioremediation methods for decontaminations of soil. Research
Journal of Chemistry and Environment 9(2): 75-79.
Kim, H. S., Yoon, B. D., Choung, D.H., Oh, H. M., Katsurazi, T. and Tani,
Y. (1999). Characterization of a biosurfactant mannosyllerythritol
lipid produced from Candida sp. SY16. Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology 52: 713-721.
Kinsinger, R. F., Shirk, M. C. and Fall, R. (2003). Rapid surface motility in
Bacillus subtilis is dependent on extra cellular surfactin and
potassium ion. Journal of Bacteriology 185 : 5627-5631.
Kirk, P. W. and Gordon, S. (1988). Hydrocarbon degradation by
filamentous marine higher fungi. Mycologia 80: 776-782.
Klug, M. J. and Markovetz, A. J. (1971). Utilization of aliphatic
hydrocarbons by microorganisms. Advances in Microbial
Physiology 5: 1-43.
Komoto, A. Hanaki, K., Maenosono, S., Wakano, J. Y., Yamaguchi, Y. and
Yamamoto, K. (2003). Growth dynamics of Bacillus circulans
colony. Journal of Theoretical Biology 222: 91-97.
Krumholz, L. R. (1998). Microbial Ecosystems in the Earth’s Subsurface.
American Society for Microbiology News 64: 197-202.
194
Kulkarnia, P. R., Ho, P., Ratnasabapathy, M. and Stanton, W. R. (1973).
Utilization of rubber effluent Part I. Planter 49: 307-313.
Kulkarnib, P. R., Ho, P., Ratnasabapathy, M., Stanton, W. R. (1973).
Utilization of rubber effluent Part II. Planter, 49: 359-361.
Kummer, C., Schumann, P. and Stakebrandt, E. (1999).Gordonia
alkanivorans sp.nov., isolated from tar contaminated soil.
International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 49:1513-1522.
Lai, B. and Khanna, S. (1996). Degradation of crude oil by Acinetobacter
calcoaceticus and Alcaligenes odorans. Journal of Applied
Bacteriology 81: 355-362.
Lang, S., Wullbrandt, D. (1999). Rhamnose lipids-biosynthesis,
microbial production and application potential. Applied
Microbiology and Biotechnology 51: 22-32.
Larkin, M. J., Mot, R. D., Kukalov, L. A. and Nagy, I. (1998). Applied
aspects of Rhodococcus genetics. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology 74:
133-153.
Lattuati, A., Metzger, P., Acquaviva, M., Bertrand, J. C. and Largeau, C.
(2002). n-alkane degradation by Marinobacter
hydrocarbonoclasticus strain SP 17: long chain β - hydroxy acids
as indicators of bacterial activity. Organic Geochemistry 33: 37-45
Leadbetter, E. R. and Foster, J. W. (1959). Incorporation of molecular
oxygen in bacterial cells utilizing hydrocarbons for growth. Nature
184(18): 1428-1429.
References 195
Leahy, J. G. and Colwell, R. R. (1990). Microbial degradation of
hydrocarbons in the environment. Microbiological Reviews 54:
305-315.
Levin, A., Viale, A. and Forchiassin (2003). Degradation of organic
pollutants by the white rot basidiomycete Trametes trogii.
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 52(1): 1 – 5.
Li, S. D., Chen, Y., Zhou, J., Li, P-S., Zhu, C-S., Lin, M-L. (1998). Study
on the thermal degradation of epoxidized natural rubber. Journal
of Polymer Science 61(13): 2207-2211.
Lim, L. H., Harrison, R. M. and Harrad, S. (1999). The contribution of traffic
to atmospheric concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Environment Science and Technology 33:3538-3542.
Linos, A, Reichelt, R., Keller, V. and Steinbuchel, A. (2000.b). A gram
negative bacterium identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa AL98,
is a potent degrader of NR and synthetic cis1, 4 poly isoprene.
FEMS Microbiology Letters 182 : 155-161.
Linos, A. and Steinbuchel, A. (2001). Biodegradation of natural and
synthetic rubber. In. Koyama, T. and Steinbuchel, A. (ed.)
Biopolymers. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany: 321-359.
Linos, A., Berekaa, M. M., Steinbüchel, A., Kim, K. K., Spröer, C. and
Kroppenstedt, R. M. (2002). Gordonia westfalica sp. nov., a novel
rubber-degrading actinomycete. International Journal of
Systematic Bacteriology 52: 1133-1139.
Linos, A., Berekka, M. M., Reichett, R., Keller, U., Schmitt, J., Flemming,
H., Kroppenstedt R. M, Steinbuchel, A. (2000a). Biodegradation of
cis 1,4 polyisoprene rubbers by distinct actinomycetes: microbial
196
strategies and detailed surface analysis. Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 66 (4): 1639-1645.
Linos, A., Steinbuschel, A., Sproer, C., Kroppenstedt, R. M. (1999).
Gordonia polyisoprenivorans sps. nov. a rubber degrading
actinomycete isolated from automobile tire. International Journal
of Systematic Bacteriology 49: 1785-1791.
Liu, H. S., Mead, J. L. and Stacer, R. G. (2000). Environmental effects of
recycled rubber in land-fill applications. Rubber Chemistry and
Technology 73: 551-564.
Low, F. C., Tan, A. M. and John, C. K. (1992). Microbial degradation of
natural rubber. Journal of Natural Rubber Research 7(3): 195-
205.
Lowry, O. H., Rosenbrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Randal, R. J. (1951).
Protein measurement with phenol reagent. Journal of Biological
Chemistry 193: 265-275.
MacLaghlan, J., Heap, W. M. and Pacitti, J. (1966). Attack of bacteria
and fungi on rubbers and plastics in the tropics. In. Butler, N. J.
and Eggins, O. W. (ed.) Microbial deterioration in the tropics.
Society of Chemical Industry, London, United Kingdom : 185-200.
Madhu, G., George, K. E. and Francis, D. J. (1991). Characterisation and
treatment of wastewater from a centrifuge rubber latex unit. Indian
Journal of Natural Rubber Research 4(2): 97-102.
Maeng, J. H., Sakai, Y., Tani, Y. and Kato, N. (1996). Isolation and
characterization of a novel oxygenase that catalyzes the first step
of n-alkane oxidation in Acinetobacter sp. strain M-1. Journal of
Bacteriology 178: 3695-3700.
References 197
Maier, R. M. and Soberon-Chavez, G. (2000). Pseudomonas aeruginosa
rhamnolipids: Biosynthesis and potential applications. Applied
Microbiology and Biotechnology 54(1): 625-633.
Maier, T., Forster, H. H., Asperger, O. and Hahn, U. (2001). Molecular
characterization of the 56-kDa CYP153 from Acinetobacter sp.
EB104. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
286: 652-658.
Maila, M. P., Randima, P., Surridge, K., Dronen, K. and Cloete, T. E.
(2005). Evaluation of microbial diversity of different soil layers at a
contaminated diesel site. International Biodeterioration &
Biodegradation 55: 1-39.
Makula R. A. and Finnerty, W. R. (1970). Microbial Assimilation of
Hydrocarbons: Identification of Phospholipids. Journal of
Bacteriology 103(2): 348–355.
Makula, R. A., Lockwood, P. J. and Finnerty, W. R. (1975). Comparative
analysis of the lipids of Acinetobacter species grown on
hexadecane. Journal of Bacteriology 121: 250-258.
Mantzavinos, D. and Psillakis, E. (2004). Enhancement of
biodegradability of industrial waste waters by chemical oxidation
pre-treatment. Journal of Chemical Toxicology and Biotechnology
79: 431-454.
Margesin, R., Labbe, D., Schinner, F., Greer, C. W. and Whyte, L. G.
(2003). Characterization of hydrocarbon degrading microbial
populations in contaminated and pristene alpine soils. Applied
and Environmental Microbiology 69 (6): 3085-3092.
Marr, L. C., Kirchstetter, T. W., Harley, R. A., Miguel, A. H. , Hering, S. V.
and Hammond, S. K. (1999). Characterization of polycyclic
198
aromatic hydrocarbons in motor vehicle fuels and exhaust
emissions. Environment Science and Technology 33: 3091-3099.
Matsushita, M. (1997). Formation of colony patterns by a bacterial cell
population. In. Shapiro, J. and Dwarkin, M. (ed.) Bacteria as
multicellular organisms New York: Oxford university press: 367-
393.
Mc. Carthy, A. J. (1987). Lignocellulose degrading actinomycetes. FEMS
Microbiology Review 46: 145-163.
Mc.Carthy, A. J. and Williams, S. T. (1992). Actinomycetes as agents of
biodegradation in the environment- a review. Gene 115: 189-192.
Mercade, M. E., Manresa, Robert, M., Espumy, M. J., Andres, C. de and
Guinea, J. (1993). Olive oil mill effluent: new substrates for
biosurfactant production. Bioresource Technology 43: 1-6.
Michael, V. (1991). Burning Rubber. Business Periodicals Mechanical
Engineering-CIME Feb :1-3
Muthuraj, R. N., John, C. K. and Lee, H. (1973). Developments on the
treatment of effluent from New Process SMR factories.
Proceedings of Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia Planter’s
Conference, Kualalampur : 402- 418.
Narayan, P. K. (ed.) (1992). In. Rubber and its cultivation. The Rubber
Board, Kottayam, India
Naunton, W. J. S. (ed.) (1961). The Applied Science of Rubber. Edward
Arnold, London : 192-193.
Nicolau*, A., Lima, N., Mota, N. and Madoni, P. (1997). Os Protozoários
como Indicadores da Qualidade das Lamas Activadas, Boletim de
Biotecnologia, 56, 14-19.
References 199
Nishioka, M., Chang, H.. and Lee, M. (1986). Structural characteristics of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon isomers in coal tars and
combustion products. Environmental Science and Technology 20:
1023-1027.
Ohgiwari, M., Matsushita, M. and Matsuyama, T. (1992). Morphological
changes in the growth phenomena of bacterial colony patterns.
Journal of Physical Society of Japan 61: 816-822.
Painter, H. (1985). In. Moo-Young, M. (ed.) Comprehensive
biotechnology, Oxford: Pergamon Press. 4: 773-84.
Parra, J. L., Guinea, J., Manresa, M. A., Robert, M., Mercade, M. E.,
Comellers, F. and Bosh, M. P. (1989). Chemical characterization
and physiochemical behavior of biosurfactants. Journal of
American Oil Society 66:141-145.
Parvateesam, M., Sharma, R. and Goyal, M. (2004). Characteristics of
the bacteria isolated from hydrocarbon spilled soils. Pollution
Research 23 (2): 259-263.
Patel, R. M. and Desai, A. J. (1997). Biosurfactant production by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa GS3 from molasses. Letters in Applied
Microbiology 25: 91-94.
Perry, J. J. (1979). Microbial cooxidations involving hydrocarbons.
Microbiological Reviews 43(1): 59–72.
Ponniah, C. D., Chick, W. H. and Sevw, E. M. et. al. (1975). Treatment of
effluent from latex concentrate factories: preliminary report.
Bulletin of Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia 229: 310-312.
200
Prpich, G. P. and Daugulis, A. J. (2005). Enhanced biodegradation of phenol
by a microbial consortium in a solid- liquid two-phase partitioning
bioreactor. Biodegradation 16: 329-339.
Radahakrishna Pillai, P.N. (ed.) (1980). Hand Book of Natural Rubber
Production in India. 411-416. The Rubber Research Institute of
India, India.
Rahman, K. S. M., Banat, I. M., Thahira, J., Thayumanavan and
Lakshmanaperumalsamy, P. (2002). Bioremediation of gasoline
contaminated soil by a bacterial consortium amended with poultry
litter, coir pith and rhamnolipid biosurfactant. Bioresource
Technology 81(1): 25-32.
Raj, A., Reddy, M., Chandra, R., Purohit, H and Kapley, A. (2007).
Biodegradation of kraft-lignin by Bacillus sp. isolated from sludge
of pulp and paper mill. Biodegradation 18(6): 783-92.
Rifaat, H. M. and Yosery, M. A. (2004). Identification and characterization
of rubber degrading actinobacteria. Applied Ecology and
Environmental Research 2(1) : 63-70.
Rook, J. J. (1955). Microbial deterioration of vulcanized rubber. Applied
Microbiology 3: 302-309.
Rose, K. and Steinbuchel, A., (2005). Biodegradation of natural rubber
and related compounds; recent insights into hardly understood
catabolic capability of micro organisms. Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 71(6): 2803-2812.
Rose, K., Tenberge, K. B., Steinbuchel, A. (2005). Identification and
characterization of genes from Streptomyces sp. strain K30
responsible for clear zone formation on natural rubber latex and
References 201
poly (cis 1,4-isoprene) rubber degradation. Biomacromolecules 6:
180-188.
Roy, R. V., Das, M., Banarjee, R. and Bhowmick, A. K. (2006).
Comparative studies on rubber biodegradation through solid-state
and submerged fermentation. Process Biochemistry 41: 181-186.
Sahai, R, Jabeen, S. and Saxena, K. (1983). Effect of distillery waste on
seed germination seedlings growth and pigment content of rice.
Indian Journal of Ecology 10(11): 7-10.
Sakai, Y., Maeng, J. H., Tani, Y. and Kato N. (1994). Use of long-chain
n-alkanes (C13-C44) by an isolate, Acinetobacter sp. M-1.
Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry. 58: 2128-2130.
Sanglard, D. and Loper, J. C. (1989). Charecterization of the alkane
inducible cytochrome P450 (P450alk) gene from the yeast
Candida tropicalis: identification of a new P450 gene family. Gene
76: 121-136.
Sanglard, D., Chen, C. and Loper, J. C. (1987). Isolation of the alkane
inducible cytochrome P450(P450alk) gene from the yeast
Candida tropicalis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research
Communication 144: 251-257.
Santodonato, J., Davis, L., Howard, P. and Saxena, J. (1976).
Investigation of selected potential environmental contaminants:
Mercaptobenzothiozols; Office of toxic substances, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency: Washington D.C. EPA-560/2-
76-006.
Sato, S., Honda, Y., Kuwahara, M. and Watanabe, T. (2003).
Degradation of vulcanised and nonvulcanized polyisoprene
202
rubber by lipid peroxidation catalyzed by oxidative enzymes and
transition metals. Biomacromolecules 4: 321-329.
Schinner, F. and Margesin, R. (2001). Biodegradation and bioremediation
of hydrocarbons in extreme environments. Applied Microbiology
and Biotechnology 56: 650- 663.
Schmid, A., Kollmer, A. and Witholt, B. (1998). Effects of Biosurfactants and
Emulsifications on Two-Liquid Phase Pseudomonas oleovorans
Cultures and Cell Free Emulsions Containing n-Decane. Enzyme
and Microbial Technology 22(6): 487-493.
Schröder, E. and Rehm, H. J. (1981). Degradation of long chain n-
alkanes by disrupted cells of Chlorella vulgaris. Applied
Microbiology and Biotechnology 13 : 188-190.
Seal, K. J. and Morton, L. H. J. (1986). Chemical materials. In.
Biotechnology, VCH, Weinheim, Germany vol.8: 583-606.
Seubert, W. (1960). Degradaion of isoprenoid compounds by
microorganisms. Journal of Bacteriology 79: 426-434.
Shaposhnikov*, V. N., Rabotnova, I. L., Yarmola, G. A., Kuznetsova, V.
M. and Kuznetzova, V. M. (1952). On growth of moulds in Natural
rubber. Mikrobiologiya 21: 280-282.
Sharma, S. K., Srivastava, A., Singh, V. P. (1997). Effect of rubber
factory effluent on growth in Vigna mungo (Urd bean). Journal of
Environment and Pollution, 4(3): 175-177.
Shuttleworth, K. L. and Cerniglia, C. E. (1995). Environmental aspects of
PAH biodegradation. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology54:
291-302.
References 203
Singer, M. E. and Finnerty, W. R. (1984). Microbial metabolism of
straight-chain and branched alkanes, In. Atlas R.M. (ed.),
Petroleum microbiology. Macmillan Publishing Co., New York. : 1-
60.
So, C. M. and Young, L. Y. (1999). Initial Reactions in Anaerobic Alkane
Degradation by a Sulfate Reducer, Strain AK-01 Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 65 (12): 5532-5540.
Spain, J. C., Pritchard, P. H. and Bourquin, A. W. (1980). Effects of
Adaptation on Biodegradation Rates in Sediment/Water Cores
from Estuarine and Freshwater Environments. Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 40 (4):726–734.
Spence, D. and van Niel C. B. (1936). Bacterial decomposition of the
rubber in Hevea latex. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 28:
849.
Srebotnik, E. Jenson, K. A. Jr., Kawai, S., Hammel, K. E. (1997).
Evidence that Ceriporiopsis subvermispora Degrades
Nonphenolic Lignin Structures by a One-Electron-Oxidation
Mechanism. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 63 : 4435-
4440.
Stobdan, T., Sinha, A., Singh, R. P. and Adhikari, D. (2008). Degradation
of pyridine and 4-methylpyridine by Gordonia terrea IIPN1.
Biodegradation 19 (4): 481-487.
Suchiva, K., Kowitteerawut, T. L. and Srichantamit (2000). Structure
properties of purified natural rubber. Journal of Applied Polymer
Science 78: (8) pp. 1495-1504.
Tang, S. N., Fakhru'l-Razi, A., Hassan, M. A., Karim, M. I. (1999)
Feasibility study on the utilization of rubber latex effluent for
204
producing bacterial biopolymers. Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes
and Immobilization Biotechnology 27(5-6): 411-416.
Tang, T. S., Fakhru'l-Razi, A., Hassan , M. A., Karim, M. I. A. (1999).
Feasibility study on the utilization of rubber latex effluent for
producing bacterial biopolymers. World Engineering Congress 27
: 411-416
Tangboriboonrat, P., Polpanich, D., Suteewong, T., Sanguansap, K.,
Paiphansiri, U., Lerthititrakul, C. (2003). Morphology of peroxide
vulcanised natural rubber latex: effect of reaction time and
deproteinisation. Colloid and Polymer Science 282 (2): 1-7.
Throne-Holst, M., S., Markussen, A. Winnberg, T. E. Ellingsen, Kotlar, H.
K. and Zotchev. S. B. (2006). Utilization of n-alkanes by a newly
isolated strain of Acinetobacter venetianus: The role of two AlkB-
type alkane hydroxylases. Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology 72: 353-360.
Throne-Holst, M., Wentzel, A., Ellingsen, T. E., Kotlar,H. K. and Zotchev,
S. B. (2007) Identification of novel genes involved in long-chain n-
alkane degradation by Acinetobacter sp. Strain DSM 17874.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73(10): 3327–3332.
Tsuchii, A., Suzuki, T., Takahara, Y. (1978). Microbial degradation of
liquid poly butadiene. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 42 (6):
1217-1222.
Tsuchii, A., Takeda, K., Suzuki, T. and Tokiwa, Y. (1996). Colonization
and degradation of rubber pieces by Nocardia sp. Biodegradation
7: 41-48.
References 205
Tsuchii, A. and Takeda, K. (1990). Rubber degrading enzyme from
bacterial culture. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 56 (1):
269-274.
Tsuchii, A. and Tokiwa, Y. (1999). Colonization and disintegration of tire
rubber by a colonial mutant of Nocardia. Journal of Bioscience
and Bioengineering. 87: 542-544
Tsuchii, A. and Tokiwa, Y. (2001). Microbiological degradation of tyre
rubber particles. Biotechnological Letters 23 : 963-969.
Tsuchii, A., Hayashi, K., Hironiwa, T., Matsunaka, H. and Takeda, K.
(1990). The effect of compounding ingredients on microbial
degradation of vulcanized natural rubber. Journal of Applied
Polymer Science 41: 1181-1187.
Tsuchii, A., Suzuki, T. and Takeda, K. (1985). Microbial degradation of
natural rubber vulcanizates. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology 50: 965-970.
van Beilen, J. B., Wubbolts, M. G. and Witholt, B. (1994). Genetics of
alkane oxidation by Pseudomonas oleovorans. Biodegradation
5:161-174.
van Hamme, V. J. D., Singh, A. and Ward, O. P. (2003). Recent
advances in petroleum microbiology. Microbiology and Molecular
Biology Reviews 67: 503-549.
van Hylckama Vlieg, J. E. T., Kingma, J., Kruizinga, W. and Janssen, D.
B.(1999). Purification of a glutathione S- transferase and a
glutathione conjugate-specific dehydrogenase involved in
isoprene metabolism in Rhodococcus sp. strain AD45. Applied
Environmental Microbiology 64: 2800-2805.
206
Wang, K. (ed.) (2007). Agrobacterium Protocols Volume 2, Second
Edition, Humana Press
Wang, X., Yu, X. and Bartha, R. (1990). Effect of bioremediation on
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon residues in soil. Environmental
Science and Technology 24: 1086-1089.
Warneke, S., Arenskotter, M., Tenberge, K. B., Steinbuchel, A. (2007).
Bacterial degradation of poly(trans-1,4-isoprene) (gutta percha)
Microbiology 153: 347-356.
Watanabe, K., Wakita, H., Itoh, H., Matsuyama, T., Matsushita, M.
(2002). Dynamical properties of transient spatio temporal patterns
in bacterial colony of Proteus mirabilis. Journal of the Physical
Society of Japan 71: 650-656.
Watkinson, R. J. and Morgan, P. (1990). Physiology of aliphatic
hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms. Biodegradation 1: 79-92.
Weber, W. J., Jang, Y-C., Townsend T. and Laux, S. (2002). Leachate
from Land Disposed Residential Construction Waste. Journal of
Environmental Engineering. 128(3): 237-245.
Weston, R. F., Preslo, I. and Weston, R. F. (1988). Remedial
Technologies for Leaking Underground Storage Tanks, Lewis
Publishers, U.S.A. : 37-51.
Whyte, L. G., Bourbonniere, L. and Greer, C. W. (1997). Biodegradation
of petroleum hydrocarbons by psychrotrophic Pseudomonas
strains possessing both alkane (alk) and naphthalene (nah)
catabolic pathways. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 63
(9): 3719-3723.
References 207
Wong, A. D. and Goldsmith, C. D. (1988). The impact of a chemostat
discharge containing oil degrading bacteria on the biological
kinetics of a refinery activated sludge process. Water Science and
Technology 20: 131-136.
Wright, A. D. and Welbourn, P. (2002). Organic compounds. In.
Environmental Toxicology. Cambridge University Press, U.K. 349-
407.
Wyatt, J. M., (1984). The microbial degradation of hydrocarbons. Trends
in Biochemical Sciences 9: 20-23.
Xin- hui- Xing, Joshino, T., Pushpita, N. F. and Unno, H. (1995).
Behaviour of 2-4, dichlorophenoxy acetic acid degradation and
nitrogen conversion by an activated sludge. Biotechnology
Letters, 17 (3): 335-340.
Yablonsky, M. D., Bartley, T., Elliston, K. O., Kahrs, S. K., Shalita Z. P.,
and Eveleigh, D. E. (1988). Charecterisation and cloning of the
cellulase complex of Microbispora bispora. In. Aubert, J. P.,
Beguin, P. and Millet, J. (eds.), Acadamic, London, U.K. 249-266.
Yamada, Y., Moto, H., Kinoshita, S., Takeda, N. and Okada, H.(1975).
Oxidative degradation of squalane by Arthrobacter sps. Applied
Microbiology 29: 400-404.
Yang, C., Lee, C., Wang, C. (2005). Degradation of chlorophenols using
pentachlorophenol-degrading bacteria Sphingomonas
chlorophenolica in a batch reactor. Current Microbiology 51: 156-
160.
Zander, J. M., Greig, J. B. and Caspi, E. (1970). Tetrahymenol
biosynthesis. Studies invitro on squalane cyclization. Journal of
Biological Chemistry 245: 1247-1254.
208
Zhang, Y. Maier, W. J., Miller, R. (1997). Effect of rhamnolipid on the
dissolution bioavailibility and biodegradation of phenanthrene.
Environmental Science and Technology 31: 2211- 2217.
Zhukov*, D. V., Murygina, V. P. and Kaliuzhnyi, S. V. (2007). Kinetics of
the degradation of aliphatic hydrocarbons by the bacteria
Rhodococcus ruber and Rhodococcus erythropolis. Prikladnaia
Biokhimiia i Mikrobiologiia 43(6): 657-63.
* originals not referred