References: Acidic Deposition:State of Science and Technology (report 24) 1990 Visibility: Existing...
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Transcript of References: Acidic Deposition:State of Science and Technology (report 24) 1990 Visibility: Existing...
References: References:
• http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/improve/
• Acidic Deposition:State of Science and Technology (report 24) 1990 Visibility: Existing and Historical Conditions – Causes and Effects• Introduction to Visibility (WC Malm) issn 0737-5352-40 (CIRA-CSU)
What is Visibility?
Historically visibility was thought of in terms of the furthest distance one could see a large black object.
From a scenic vista perspective, there’s more interest in color, line, texture, and form of a scenic landscape feature.
How far can you see?
Great Smoky MountainsNational Park
Yosemite National Park
Glacier National Park
Canyonlands National Park
Big Bend National Park
Layered Hazes
Layered Hazes
The Seeing of a Landscape Feature
Relationship Between Aerosols and Optical Properties
The extinction coefficient is made up of
particle and gas scattering and absorption:
where s, a, g, and p refer to scattering, absorption, gases, and particles, respectively.
ext sg ag sp apb = b +b +b +b
Extinction =
Scattering Efficiency (Q)
Single Particle Efficiency
Particle Size Distribution
Scattering Efficiency as Function of Size
Carbon Extinction Efficiency
Phase Function for Soil and Sulfate
Phase Function for Carbon
Forward and Backward Scattering
On the Nature of Light
Wave-like characteristics of light Electromagnetic radiation Photons and color Why objects are colored Atmospheric optical effects
IntroVis.exe