Reduction of mycotoxins in cereals through an Integrated ...
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 1 of 12
• Slide 1
EUREPGAP – Integrated Farm Assurance ConferenceAmsterdam, The Netherlands
November 9th - 10nth 2004
Reduction of mycotoxins in cerealsthrough an
Integrated Crop Management approachDr. Alfons Sagenmüller
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 2
Content
1. What is Fusarium
2. What does Fusarium affect
3. What are Mycotoxins
4. What can be done in the field - ICM
5. How can Bayer CropScience help
6. Conclusions
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 2 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 3
1 - What is FusariumGeneral characteristics
� Fusarium head blight: an important disease
� most prominent on cereals
� A complex of several fungal pathogens
� Can damage different parts of the plant � such as the seeds, leaves and ears
� With a long period of potential infection
� Can produce mycotoxins
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 4
Fusarium culmorum
Fusarium poae
Fusarium avenaceum
Fusarium graminearum
Microdochium nivale
Mycotoxin producersMycotoxin producers
Non - mycotoxin producerNon - mycotoxin producer
1 - What is FusariumFungal species associated with Fusarium head blight
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 3 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 5
Microdochiumnivale- leaf -
Microdochiumnivale- ear -
Fusariumgraminearum
- ear -
1 - What is FusariumSymptoms in wheat
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 6
1 - What is FusariumImportant factors influencing infection
� Humidity and temperature
� Rain at flowering stage
� Disease pressure
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 4 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 7
FusariumFusarium isis a worlda world--wide problem !wide problem !1- What is FusariumWorldwide occurrence
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 8
� yield and grain weight
� pasta-cooking quality
� food & feed quality
� seed germination
� baking performance
� malting and brewing performance
2 - What does Fusarium affect
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 5 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 9
2 – What does Fusarium affect
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 10
3 - Mycotoxins
Mycotoxins are metabolic products of fungi with known adverse effect
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 6 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 11
3 - MycotoxinsRegulatory aspects
� New regulation on mycotoxin concentrationsin Germany* as DON in µg/kg or ppb
• in wheat max 500• in bakery: max 350• in baby food : max 100
* valid since Feb 13, 2004. Transitional phase until Sep, 1st, 2005
� Regulation in Europe expected for 2005/6
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 12
� Establishment of maximum levels on European level
� Assessment of contamination in grain
� Storage, blending and traceability
� Allocation of costs
3 – MycotoxinsIssues
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 7 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 13
1. What is Fusarium
2. What does Fusarium affect
3. What are Mycotoxins
4. What can be done in the field - ICM
Content
• Slide 14
Being in line with EUREPGAP® principles;
EUREPGAP is a means of incorporating Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Integrated Crop Management (ICM) practices within theframework of commercial agricultural production.
Adoption of IPM/ICM is regarded by EUREPGAP members as essential for the long-term improvement and sustainability of agricultural production.
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 8 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 15
• choice of varieties: - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.1.• choice of varieties: - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.1.
• N-fertilisation - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.3. • N-fertilisation - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.3.
• fungicidal application - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.6.• fungicidal application - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.6.
• crop rotation and soil cultivation / tillage- > (EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.2.)
• crop rotation and soil cultivation / tillage- > (EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.2.)
4 – What can be done in the fieldMain influences of agricultural practice on ear fusarioses
*Combinable crops module draft 2005
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 16
0
1000
2000
3000
directsowing
reducedtillage
ploughing
4 - What can be done in the fieldInfluence of soil preparation on mycotoxin levels in wheat
DON (ppb)
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 9 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 17
0
1000
2000
3000
Maize Wheat OSR Pea Beet
DON (ppb)
4- What can be done in the fieldInfluence of crop rotation on mycotoxin levels in wheat
….Crops preceeding wheat
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 18
51
61
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Untreated
reduction of DON in %
Reduction of mycotoxins5 - How can Bayer CropScience help
Efficacy against Fusarium head blight in wheatUK, France and Germany, 1999 – 2002 (18 trials)
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 10 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 19
Reduction of mycotoxins5 – How can Bayer CropScience help
Timing of application
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 20
Artificial infection (without fungicide = 5443 µg/kg DON)
Reduction in % of DON
37 42 38 55 3563 65 62 65 420
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
-3 -1 BBCH65 +3 +5
protective curative
5 - How can Bayer CropScience helpFolicur and Proline efficacy against Fusarium in wheat
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 11 of 12
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 21
6 - Conclusions� The occurence of Fusarium head blight can be reduced
through an ICM approach� to a large extent through crop rotation, variety choice,
adequate soil preparation
� Fungicide treatment is part of the solution in an IPM approach taking into account� Good prognosis� Appropriate timing of application� Appropriate application technique
Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 22
6 – Conclusion
� Fungicides, especially Proline and Folicurcontrol all important Fusarium species
� Mycotoxin contamination can be reduced by 50 - 60 % in average
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Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004
Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller
Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 12 of 12
• Slide 23
Thank you very much for your kind attention.
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