Recycling Plan

8/8/2019 Recycling Plan

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Soto Cano Air BaseRepublic of Honduras

October 27, 2008

Subject: RECYCLING PROCESS

Prepared by: MSc. Eutimio E. ChiEnvironmental Manager, BOSS Contractor

Reviewed and Approved by: Mr. Paul DoernerProject Manager, BOSS Contractor

Reference:C.5.1.14.3 POLLUTION PREVENTION.C.5.1.14.3.1. RECYCLING/POLLUTION PREVENTION PROGRAM.IAW AFI 32-7080.

1. For any additional information please contact Environmental Manager, Eutimio E. Chi at ext. 3663.

MSc. Eutimio E. Chi P.Environmental Manager

Cc: SSASECURITYFile


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i

Contents ii

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1

II. INTRODUCTION 2

A. Purpose 2

B. Authority 2

C. Program Objective 2

III. RESPONSIBILITIES 2

A. Generators 2B. Environmental Department 3

C. Security Department 4

D. SSA Department 4

E. CRAF 4

IV. GENERAL 5

A. Base Facilities 5

V. PRIORITY OF PEST MANAGEMENT 5

A. Waste Hierarchy 5

B. Waste Management 6

C. Recycling Methods 6

D. Education Awareness 7

VI. COLLECTION PROCESS IN SOTO CANO 8

VII. RECYCLABLES AND PROCEDURES 8

A. Aggregates and Concretes 8

B. Batteries 9

C. Clothing 9

D. Electronics 10


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E. Ferrous and Non-ferrous metals 10

F. Glass 10

G. Paper & Cardboard 11

H. Plastic 11

I. Wood 13

J. Hazardous Material 13

VIII. Environmental Considerations 13

A. Land Management 13

B. Pollution Prevention 14

IX. Administration 14

A. Operation 14

B. Staffing 14

C. Reports & Records 15

D. Training & Certification 15

E. Plan Maintenance 15

APPENDICES

A-01 DA FORM 3161 16


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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARYRecycling involves processing used materials into new products in order to preventthe waste of potentially useful materials, reduce the consumption of fresh rawmaterials, reduce energy usage, reduce air pollution and water pollution (fromlandfilling) by reducing the need for "conventional" waste disposal, and lower

greenhouse gas emissions as compared to virgin production.Recycling is a key component of modern waste management and is the thirdcomponent of the "Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle" waste hierarchy.Recyclable materials in Soto Cano Air Base include:

White Paper

Computer Paper

Colored Paper

Cardboard (Corrugates)

Boxboard

Telephone Books

Clear Glass

Colored Glass Aluminum Cans

Food Cans

Aluminum Foil

Plastic Bottles

Newsprint

Books (hard and soft cover)

Toner/Laser Cartridges

Plastic Ring Bindings

Aluminum/metal plates

Wood

Chargeable/No chargeable Batteries

Metal/Steel (scrapped metal)

Styrofoam Packing Aggregates and concrete Hazardous Waste Used Waste POL, Lead Acid Batteries, Contaminated Rags, Used Waste Fuel, Used/Waste Solvents, Used/ Waste Antifreeze, Used/Waste Sulfuric Acid

In a strict sense, recycling of a material would produce a fresh supply of the samematerial. However, this is often difficult or too expensive (compared with producing

the same product from raw materials or other sources), so "recycling" of manyproducts or materials involve their reuse in producing different materials instead.This plan applies to Joint Task Force-Bravo (JTF-B) which consists of approximately1200 acres and is located on Soto Cano Air Base, Republic of Honduras.This plan applies to all activities and individuals working, residing or otherwise doingbusiness within the JTF-B. The recycling plan for the JTF-B describes themanagement requirements and outlines the resources necessary for surveillance andcontrol. It also describes the administrative, safety, and environmental requirementsof the program.


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II. INTRODUCTION.

A. Purpose. Minimize the creation of hazardous and solid waste; reuse, followed byrecycling and composting; conserve natural resources and ensure that JTF-Bravobecomes more responsible for the waste generated through its activities, and

minimize daily load of landfill.B.Authority. DoD 4715.05-G, May 1, 2007; Overseas Environmental BaselineGuidance Document.

C. Program Objective. This plan provides guidance for operating andmaintaining an effective recycling program. Adherence to the plan willensure effective, economical and environmentally acceptable wastemanagement while maintaining compliance with pertinent laws andregulations.

III. RESPONSIBILITIES.

The chart below shows the designated channel of recycled material.

A. Generators.

1. Establish a waste reduction program. Provide support, and safe

accumulation points in the designated area for all collection activities.

2. Approve, implement, and support the recycling Plan at all levels.


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3. Waste generated should be placed in a designated enclosed area.

Collection bins are distributed all around the base.

3.1 Large amounts of scrapped ferrous/nonferrous metal

must be submitted along with the DA Form 3161 to the Environmental

department. Refer to A-01.3.2 Large amounts of excess and/or expired non-hazardous

chemicals must be submitted along with the form 3161 to the

Environmental department. Refer to A-01.

4. Confirm that all operations are conducted safely and have minimal impact

on the environment.

B. Environmental Department.1. Prepare and monitor the Recycling Plan. Coordinate with all base

activities. Ensure recycling surveillance and control incorporates all management

services and operations.2. Annually update the plan to ensure that all references, methods, and

materials are up-to-date and that effective management is included. Incorporate

any changes in recycling management requirements into the plan review during

annual revisions. Obtain plan review and approval in accordance with OEBGD

directives and JTFB policies.

3. Ensure that all base recycling management records are complete and

accurate. These records should be reported as required by Major Command

procedures.

4. Maintain current records of certified recycling procedures for chemicaldecomposition, material reutilization and demilitarization provided by CRAF.

5. Coordinate and review contracts dealing with recycling offers and keep a

copy of each contract on file. Obtain Project Mangers review and approval of

contracts offered. PM should review and authorize on any subcontracted work to

both the company and the contracting office.

6. Ensure that recycling processes are consistent with the resource

management requirements of Soto Cano Air Base.

7. Provide PPE to the recycling personnel as necessary.

8. Report to Security department all materials and chemicals that are issuedto CRAF.

9. Consult SSA all materials and chemicals issued to CRAF whether they can

used within J&JBMAR.

10. Request from CRAF the recycling processes that will be done with the

material issued.


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11. Ensure that all recycling processes comply with local laws and

regulations.

12. Coordinate with HAF (Honduran Air Force) for authorization of recycled

material departure.

C. Security Department.1. Ensure that the recycled material issued to CRAF coincide with the form

3161.

2. Maintain effective liaison with Environmental department and HAF.

3. Inform the Environmental office about any discrepancies found timely.

D. SSA1. Evaluate DA form 3161 and ensure that the list of recycle material is not

needed within Soto Cano.2. Inform the Environmental office about any discrepancies found.3. Maintain effective liaisons with environmental officials.

E. CRAF.1. Oversee contract recycling management operations and quality assurance

performance to ensure contract specifications are met.2. Provide the recycling records of all management/ quality assurance work

monthly or as otherwise required.3. Develop recycling management contracts based on integrated

management procedures detailed in this document. Incorporate the latest and most

effective and least environmental toxic methodologies.4. Apply good sanitary practices to prevent infestations.5. Cooperate fully with JTF-B BCE, facilities maintenance, and contractors in

scheduling management operations.6. Coordinate with local laws and regulations to determine the proper

recycling management and decomposition.7. Assure the proper use of recycling system and other measures while

personnel are exposed.8. Execute the recycling process according to the procedures herein stated.

Coordinate with all environmental department. Ensure recycling surveillance andcontrol incorporates all management services and operations.

9. Incorporate any changes in recycling management requirements into the

plan review during annual revisions.

10. Ensure that all base recycling management records are complete and

accurate. These records should be reported as required by Environmental office.


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11. Provide records of certified recycling procedures for hazardous and non-

hazardous chemical decomposition, material reutilization and demilitarization to the

environmental office.

12. Ensure that recycling processes are consistent with the resource

management requirements of Soto Cano Air Base and to local laws and regulations.13. Report to Security department all materials and chemicals that are leaving

Soto Cano Airbase.

14. Provide the recycling processes that will be done with the material(s)

issued.

15. Ensure that all recycling processes comply with local laws and regulations.

16. Any nonconformance to the contract or to this plan will be decided in the

Project Managers office.

IV. GENERAL.

A. Bases and Facilities.

1. JTF-Bravo has the requirements for full time ongoing managementoperations.

2. These ongoing operations result in the development of solid and liquidhazardous and nonhazardous waste. In hand with this a recycling process isnecessary to reduce accumulation of the above mentioned.

V. PRIORITY OF RECYCLING MANAGEMENT.

Priorities of recycled material operations will be in the order shown below:

A. Waste Hierarchy. The waste hierarchy refers to the 3 Rs ofreduce, reuseand recycle, which classify waste management strategies according to theirdesirability. The 3 Rs are meant to be a hierarchy, in order of importance.The waste hierarchy has taken many forms over the past decade, but the basicconcept has remained the cornerstone of most waste minimization strategies. Theaim of the waste hierarchy is to extract the maximum practical benefits fromproducts and to generate the minimum amount of waste.Some waste management experts have recently incorporated a 'fourth R': "Re-think", with the implied meaning that the present system may have fundamentalflaws, and that a thoroughly effective system of waste management may need anentirely new way of looking at waste. Some "re-think" solutions may be counter-intuitive, such as cutting the old cloth -- the now scraps are then used for rags inEMB, resulting in a decrease in net waste. This type of solution is by no meanslimited to the EMB. Source reduction involves efforts to reduce hazardous waste andother materials by modifying industrial production. Source reduction methods involve


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changes in manufacturing technology, raw material inputs, and product formulation.At times, the term "pollution prevention" may refer to source reduction.Source reduction is typically measured by efficiencies and cutbacks in waste. Toxicsuse reduction is a more controversial approach to source reduction that targets andmeasures reductions in the upstream use of toxic materials. Toxics use reduction

emphasizes the more preventive aspects of source reduction but, due to its emphasison toxic chemical inputs, has been opposed more vigorously by chemicalmanufacturers.

B. Waste management. Waste management is the collection, transport,processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials. The term usually relates tomaterials produced by human activity, and is generally undertaken to reduce theireffect on health, the environment or aesthetics. Waste management is also carriedout to recover resources from it. Waste management can involve solid, liquid,gaseous or radioactive substances, with different methods and fields of expertise foreach.

C. Recycling methods. The process of extracting resources or value from wasteis generally referred to as recycling, meaning to recover or reuse the material. Thereare a number of different methods by which waste material is recycled: the rawmaterials may be extracted and reprocessed, or the calorific content of the wastemay be converted to electricity. New methods of recycling are being developedcontinuously, and are described briefly below.

1. Physical reprocessingThe popular meaning of recycling in most developed countries refers to thewidespread collection and reuse of everyday waste materials such as emptybeverage containers. These are collected and sorted into common types so that the

raw materials from which the items are made can be reprocessed into new products.Material for recycling may be collected separately from general waste usingdedicated bins and collection vehicles, or sorted directly from mixed waste streams.The most common consumer products recycled include aluminum beverage cans,steel food and aerosol cans, HDPE and PET bottles, glass bottles and jars,paperboard cartons, newspapers, magazines, and cardboard. Other types of plastic(PVC, LDPE, PP, and PS) are also recyclable, although these are not as commonlycollected. These items are usually composed of a single type of material, makingthem relatively easy to recycle into new products. The recycling of complex products(such as computers and electronic equipment) is more difficult, due to the additionaldismantling and separation required.

2.Biological reprocessingWaste materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material, food scraps, andpaper products, can be recycled using biological composting and digestion processesto decompose the organic matter. The resulting organic material is then recycled asmulch or compost for agricultural or landscaping purposes. In addition, waste gasfrom the process (such as methane) can be captured and used for generating


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electricity. The intention of biological processing in waste management is to controland accelerate the natural process of decomposition of organic matter.There is a large variety of composting and digestion methods and technologiesvarying in complexity from simple home compost heaps, to industrial-scale enclosed-vessel digestion of mixed domestic waste. Methods of biological decomposition are

differentiated as being aerobic or anaerobic methods, though hybrids of the twomethods also exist.

3. Energy recoveryThe energy content of waste products can be harnessed directly by using them as adirect combustion fuel, or indirectly by processing them into another type of fuel.Recycling through thermal treatment ranges from using waste as a fuel source forcooking or heating, to fuel for boilers and thus generate steam and electricity in aturbine. Pyrolysis and gasification are two related forms of thermal treatment wherewaste materials are heated to high temperatures with limited oxygen availability. Theprocess typically occurs in a sealed vessel under high pressure. Pyrolysis of solidwaste converts the material into solid, liquid and gas products. The liquid and gascan be burnt to produce energy or refined into other products. The solid residue(char) can be further refined into products such as activated carbon. Gasification andadvanced Plasma arc gasification are used to convert organic materials directly into asynthetic gas (syngas) composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The gas is thenburnt to produce electricity and steam.

4. Avoidance and reduction methods An important method of waste management is the prevention of waste materialbeing created, also known as waste reduction. Methods of avoidance include reuseof second-hand products, repairing broken items instead of buying new, designingproducts to be refillable or reusable (such as cotton instead of plastic shopping

bags), encouraging consumers to avoid using disposable products (such asdisposable cutlery), and designing products that use less material to achieve thesame purpose.

D. Education and Awareness.Education and awareness in the area of waste and waste management isincreasingly important from a global perspective of resource management. TheTalloires Declaration is a declaration for sustainability concerned about theunprecedented scale and speed of environmental pollution and degradation, and thedepletion of natural resources. Local, regional, and global air pollution; accumulationand distribution of toxic wastes; destruction and depletion of forests, soil, and water;

depletion of the ozone layer and emission of "green house" gases threaten thesurvival of humans and thousands of other living species, the integrity of the earthand its biodiversity, the security of nations, and the heritage of future generations.Several universities have implemented the Talloires Declaration by establishingenvironmental management and waste management programs.


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VI. COLLECTION PROCESS IN SOTO CANO .

Two different systems have been implemented to collect recyclates from the generalwaste stream. These systems tend to lie along the spectrum of trade-off betweenpublic convenience and government ease and expense. These categories are "drop-

off centers" and "processing".Drop-off centers require the waste producer to carry the recyclates to a centrallocation. These centers are established based upon volume and types of materialsgenerated. They will be no more than 300 feet from the source of refuse material.Each center will have multiple 55 gallon capacity, labeled containers, according tospecific materials that will be generated in larger volume in each individual pick upcenter.Collection frequency will be three times a week Monday, Wednesday and Friday.CRAF will notify the Environmental office if more containers are needed at a specificlocation to prevent container overflow and still maintain a weekly pick up schedule.The appropriate transportation equipment (to be provided by CRAF) will help theprocess become efficient and an economy in manpower.In order to reduce the space available at the centralized collection point, CRAF willcompact the waste. The post-processed material can then be sold on, hopefullycreating a profit.Processing encompasses the sorting and baling the waste. The main categories aremixed waste collection, commingled recyclables and source separation. This processwill be carried on within CRAFs area, S-12.In this Commingled or single-stream system, all recyclables for collection are mixedbut kept separate from other waste. This greatly reduces the need for post-collectioncleaning but does require public education on what materials are recyclable.

All material issued to CRAF will be demilitarized before leaving the base.CRAF will provide reports of the waste collected. Records of the following informationwill be provided: Total weight of each products this plan applies to Number of drums placed Number of drums damaged

VII. RECYCLABLES AND PROCEDURES.

Many different materials can be recycled but each type requires a differenttechnique.

A. Aggregates and concrete. Concrete aggregate collected from demolition sitesis put through a crushing machine, often along with asphalt, bricks, dirt, and rocks.Smaller pieces of concrete are used as gravel for new construction projects. Crushedrecycled concrete can also be used as the dry aggregate for brand new concrete if itis free of contaminants. This reduces the need for other rocks to be dug up, which inturn saves trees and habitats.


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Concrete and masonry materials shall be ground up at the site or transported andstockpiled at the Tango Area for future grinding. All ground up concrete and masonryproducts shall be used on post for road/parking lot surfacing or other uses or reusedon the project site. Concrete and masonry materials to be ground up shall not haveforeign items (doors, windows, piping, PVC items, toilet partitions, plumbing fixtures,

etc) included that will render the ground up product un-useable. Concrete andmasonry that is ground up on the site and is not reused in the project shall be turnedto CRAF.Street surfacing(asphalt/concrete), sidewalks, curbs & gutters, etc shall be divertedin the same manner as concrete and masonry materials.

B. Batteries.The large variation in size and type of batteries makes their recycling extremelydifficult: they must first be sorted into similar kinds and each kind requires anindividual recycling process. Additionally, older batteries contain mercury andcadmium, harmful materials which must be handled with care. Because of theirpotential environmental damage, proper disposal of used batteries is required by lawin many areas.The cells of a lead-acid battery contain lead and lead dioxide and an acidic electrolytesolution of sulfuric acid. The electrolyte is a strong corrosive agent. Batteries mayalso vent explosive hydrogen gas.If battery is damaged or leaking, unit must contact HAZMAT Pharmacy at once. Newand used batteries must be stored in areas providing acid spill containment. Storeunused and used batteries in an area where protection from rain can be provided.They should not be stored in metal lockers.Battery Acid container should have capsreplaced and Baking Soda should be available for acid neutralization.

Most common recycling procedures for rechargeable and non-rechargeable batteriesare: Shorted cell reparation Internal lead plates electroplating Electrolysis Dismantling and replacing damaged separators, plates, and intercell

connectors, Sulfation reconstruction

The primary wear-out mechanism is the shedding of active material from the batteryplates, which accumulates at the bottom of the cells and which may eventually short-circuit the plates.

CRAF will provide a detailed process that will be carried on to the batteries beforethey are issued.

C. Clothing.Clothing, not initially made for its intended purpose, will be cut into rags foradditional use at its corresponding areas of necessity. It will then be given to CRAF


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as contaminated rags. Clothing can also be donated to a local charity as long as theyare free of tags, labels or marks that may refer to JTFB.

D. Electronics.The direct disposal of electrical equipmentsuch as old computers and mobile

phonesis banned in many areas due to the toxic contents of certain components.The recycling process works by mechanically separating the metals, plastics, andcircuit boards contained in the appliance.Whole computers and pieces of electronic equipment are shredded into smallerpieces to be more manageable and facilitate the separation of the constituentcomponents. Leaded glass from cathode ray tubes may be sold to foundries for useas a fluxing agent in the processing of raw lead ore. Other valuable metals, such ascopper, gold, palladium, silver and tin are sold to smelters for metal recycling. Thehazardous smoke and gases generated by these processes are captured, contained,and treated to ensure that they do not become a threat to the environment. Thesemethods allow for the safe reclamation of all the valuable materials used in computerconstruction.CRAF will provide a detailed process that will be carried on to the electricalequipment before they are issued.

E. Ferrous and Non-ferrous metals.Aluminum, iron and steel are the world's most efficient and recycled materials, andamong the easiest materials to reprocess, as they can be separated magneticallyfrom the waste stream, shredded and grounded into small pieces or crushed intobales. Recycling is via a steelworks: scrap is either remelted in an electric arcfurnace, or used as part of the charge in a Basic Oxygen Furnace. Any grade of steel

can be recycled to top quality new metal, with no 'downgrading' from prime to lowerquality materials as steel is recycled repeatedly. 42% of crude steel produced isrecycled material. Aluminum pieces or bales are melted in an aluminum smelter toproduce molten aluminum.

All scrapped metal must be demilitarized before they leave Soto Cano. CRAF willprovide a detailed process that will be carried on to the scrapped metal before theyare issued.

F. Glass.Glass bottles and jars are gathered and may be sorted into color categories. Thecollected glass cullet is taken to a glass recycling plant where it is monitored for

purity and contaminants are removed. The cullet is crushed and added to a rawmaterial mix in a melting furnace. It is then mechanically blown or molded into new

jars or bottles.Glass makes up a large component of household and industrial waste due to itsweight and density. Glass recycling uses less energy than manufacturing glass fromsand, lime and soda. Every tone of waste glass recycled into new items saves 315 kgof carbon dioxide. Glass that is crushed and ready to be remelted is called cullet.


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Glass cullet is also used in the construction industry for aggregate and glassphalt.Glassphalt is a road-laying material which comprises around 30% recycled glass.Glass can be recycled indefinitely as its structure does not deteriorate whenreprocessed.CRAF will provide a detailed process that will be carried on to the glass before they

are issued.

G. Paper and Cardboard.Paper can be recycled by reducing it to pulp and combining it with pulp from newlyharvested wood. As the recycling process causes the paper fibers to break down,each time paper is recycled its quality decreases. This means that either a higherpercentage of new fibers must be added, or the paper down cycled into lower qualityproducts. Any writing or coloration of the paper must first be removed by deinking,which also removes fillers, clays, and fiber fragments.Most of the clay is removed from the recycled pulp as sludge which must bedisposed of. If the coated paper is 20% by weight clay, then each ton of glossypaper produces more than 200 kg of sludge and less than 800 kg of fiber.Cardboards (corrugated containers) are an excellent source of fiber for recycling.They can be compressed and baled for cost effective transport to anywhere in needof fiber for papermaking. The baled boxes are put in a hydropulper which is a largevat of warm water for cleaning and processing.Recycling corrugated fiberboard helps conserve natural resources and energy. Over70% of the corrugated manufactured is recovered, recycled and made into newcorrugated products throughout the world

About 35% of solid waste (before recycling) by weight is cardboard, paper and paperproducts. Recycling 1 tone of newspaper eliminates 3 cubic meters of landfill.

Organic materials, including paper, decompose in landfills, albeit sometimes slowly,releasing methane, a potent greenhouse gas.While there are differences depending on the specific type of paper being recycled,recycling processes include the following steps:

PulpingScreeningCentrifugal cleaningFlotationKneading or dispersion

WashingBleachingPapermakingDissolved air flotation

CRAF will provide a detailed process that will be carried on to the paper andcardboard before they are issued.

H. Plastic.Plastic recycling is the process of recovering scrap or waste plastics and reprocessingthe material into useful products. Compared to glass or metallic materials, plasticposes unique challenges.Because of the massive number of types of plastic, they each carry a resinidentification code, and must be sorted before they can be recycled. While metals


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can be sorted using electromagnets, no such 'easy sorting' capability exists forplastics. In addition to this, while labels do not need to be removed from bottles forrecycling, lids are often made from a different kind of non-recyclable plastic.To help in identifying the materials in various plastic items, resin identification codenumbers 1-6 have been assigned to six common kinds of recyclable plastic resins,

with the number 7 indicating any other kind of plastic, whether recyclable or not.Standardized symbols are available incorporating each of these resin codes, asshown in the following table:

PlasticIdentification

Code

Type of plasticpolymer

PropertiesCommon Packaging

Applications

PolyethyleneTerephthalate(PET, PETE)

Clarity, strength,toughness, barrier to gasand moisture.

Soft drink, water and salad dressingbottles; peanut butter and jam jars

High DensityPolyethylene(HDPE)

Stiffness, strength,toughness, resistance tomoisture, permeability togas.

Milk, juice and water bottles; trashand retail bags.

Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC)

Versatility, clarity, easeof blending, strength,toughness.

Juice bottles; cling films; PVC piping

Low DensityPolyethylene(LDPE)

Ease of processing,strength, toughness,flexibility, ease ofsealing, barrier tomoisture.

Frozen food bags; squeezablebottles, e.g. honey, mustard; clingfilms; flexible container lids.

Polypropylene(PP)

Strength, toughness,resistance to heat,chemicals, grease andoil, versatile, barrier tomoisture.

Reusable microwaveable ware;kitchenware; yogurt containers;margarine tubs; microwaveabledisposable take-away containers;disposable cups and plates.

Polystyrene (PS) Versatility, clarity, easilyformed

Egg cartons; packing peanuts;disposable cups, plates, trays andcutlery; disposable take-awaycontainers;


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Other (oftenpolycarbonate orABS)

Dependent on polymersor combination orpolymers

Beverage bottles; baby milk bottles;electronic casing

CRAF will provide a detailed process that will be carried on to the plastics before theyare issued.

I. Wood.Recycling timber has become popular due to its image as an environmentally friendlyproduct, with consumers commonly believing that by purchasing recycled wood thedemand for green timber will fall and ultimately benefit the environment. It is alsoviewed recycled timber as an environmentally friendly product. The arrival ofrecycled timber as a construction product has been important in both raising industryand consumer awareness towards deforestation and promoting timber mills to adoptmore environmentally friendly practices.

Wood recycling is a subject which has in recent years taken an ever greater role inour lives.Wood, not initially cut for its intended purpose, will be given to CRAF as to bedonated to a local charity as long as they are free of tags, labels or marks that mayrefer to JTFB.

J. Hazardous Waste.The term hazardous waste comprises all toxic chemicals, radioactive materials, andbiologic or infectious waste. These materials threaten workers through occupationalexposure and the general public in their homes, communities, and generalenvironment. Exposure to these materials can occur near the site of generation,

along the path of its transportation, and near their ultimate disposal sites.CRAF will provide a detailed process that will be carried on to each chemicalHAZWASTE before it is issued.

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS.

A. Land Management

As human overcrowding of developed areas has intensified during the last century, ithas become important to develop land re-use strategies for completed landfills.

A number of adverse impacts occur from landfill operations. These impacts can vary:

fatal accidents (e.g., scavengers buried under waste piles); infrastructure damage(e.g., damage to access roads by heavy vehicles); pollution of the local environment(such as contamination of groundwater and/or aquifers by leakage and residual soilcontamination during landfill usage, as well as after landfill closure); offgassing ofmethane generated by decaying organic wastes (methane is a greenhouse gas manytimes more potent than carbon dioxide, and can itself be a danger to inhabitants ofan area); harboring of disease vectors such as rats and flies, particularly from


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improperly operated landfills, which are common in Third-world countries; injuries towildlife; and simple nuisance problems (e.g., dust, odor, vermin, or noise pollution).Communities near landfills are increasingly facing health consequences from air andwater contamination, particularly from landfills that are poorly constructed andoperated. Environmental contamination from landfills is entering waterways and

underground aquifer at alarming rates. Liner breaches are not uncommon. Liners candelay contamination but they do not prevent it. With large amounts of toxic solidwaste entering landfills today, ground and air contamination pose a significant threatto public health for those living within three to five miles of a landfill, and willeventually degrade the environment far beyond those limits.The obvious alternatives to landfills are waste reduction and recycling strategies.Secondary to not creating waste, there are various alternatives to landfills. In the latecentury, alternative methods to waste disposal to landfill and incineration havebegun to gain acceptance. Anaerobic digestion, composting, mechanical biologicaltreatment, pyrolysis and plasma arc gasification have all began to establishthemselves in the market.Certain requirements must be met in order for recycling to be economically feasibleand environmentally effective. These include an adequate source of recyclates, asystem to extract those recyclates from the waste stream, a factory capable ofreprocessing the recyclates, and a potential demand for the recycled products.Land management ensures that the Army maintains an effective level of combatreadiness while promoting good stewardship of the land on which it trains.

B. Pollution Prevention.Controlling waste material is vital for pollution prevention control methods. Inaccordance with Recycling Management, it is a fundamental goal to reduce waste to

the maximum extent possible. Methods to be used to achieve this goal must includeeveryone.

IX. ADMINISTRATION.

A. Operations.Recycling management operations will be conducted in accordance with this plan.

B. Staffing:The following personnel are involved with recycling management on Soto Cano AirBase.

(1) Recycle Management Overseer(Environmental ManagerJ&JBMAR)

(2) Recycle ManagementCoordinator (one person)

(3) Recycle ManagementAdministrator (one person)

(4) Recycle Management DirectSupervisor (one person)

(5) Recycle Management Operators(three persons)


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C. Reports and Records.1. Adequate records of all recycle management operations performed by the

personnel will be maintained.2. Records will be maintained using the DA Form 3161.

3. If it is found that DA Form 3161 does not meet the requirements forrecord keeping dictated by each unit, a locally generated form which serves thesame purpose may be used.

D. Training and Certification.1. All recycling personnel will receive training and certification from CRAF for

the following areas:Personal safety;Personal protective equipmentuse;Environmental safety;Hazardous material managementsafety;

Hazardous waste managementsafety;Waste management; andElectrical equipmentmanagement and operation.

2. There should be an annual refresher of the above stated.3. Direct supervision is defined as supervision that includes being at the

specific location where recycle management work is conducted; providing instructionand control; and maintaining a line-of-sight view of the work performed.

E. Plan Maintenance.1. The Recycle Management Overseer (Environmental Manager) maintains

this management plan. Pen and ink changes will be made to the plan throughout

the fiscal year. The plan is reviewed and updated annually to reflect all changesmade in the recycle management program during the fiscal year.

2. Annual updates of this plan will be sent to the Project Managers office.


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Appendix:A-01

Recycling Plan

Documents

Transcript of Recycling Plan