End of Year After School Review #5 Civil War and Reconstruction.
Reconstruction Comes to An End
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Transcript of Reconstruction Comes to An End
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THE AMERICANS SECTION 12 .3
Reconstruction Comes to An End
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Southern Resistance Increases
SociallyCarpetbaggers:
Southern Democrats name for Northerners that come South
Scalawags: Name for Southerners who joined the Republican Party
Rise of the KKK (Ku Klux Klan)
“Is This A Republican Form of Government?"Harper's Weekly, September 2, 1876
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Southern Resistance Increases
Politically: Black Codes: racist state laws
that limited freed slaves’ rights Poll taxes (pay to vote) [does
affect poor whites as well] Literacy test [also affects white
voters] Grandfather Clause (if your
grandfather could vote in 1860, no poll tax or literacy test)
Amnesty Act – returned the right to vote and old office to many former Confederates
Attempts to stop resistance: Enforcement Acts:
Oversee elections Send troops against the KKK
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Public Opinion Changes
Corruption up, people think money is being wasted
Credit Mobilier Affair Whiskey Ring Belknap Bribery
Panic of 1873: people more worried about the economy than punishing the South
Currency dispute: poor want more money printed
Supreme Court is dominated by racists
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Supreme Court Interpretation
U.S. v. Cruikshank 14th Amendment does not involve people discriminating against people; only the government discriminating
U.S. v. Reese undermined idea all black males can vote: ruled the 15th Amendment didn’t give right to vote, simply listed grounds on which states could not deny right to vote
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Changes in the Republican Party
White southern ‘scalawags’ not committed to protecting African-Americans
The party splits over corruption
Republicans v. liberal Republicans
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Election of 1876
Republican- Hayes of Ohiov.
Democrat – Tilden of NY
• Tilden won popular vote, needs 1 electoral vote more
• Florida’s 20 electoral votes uncertain b/c of KKK violence
So…the electoral college can’t render a verdict!
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Compromise of 1877
Hayes became president
Democrats allow it b/c troops will leave the South
Result: “Redemption” – White Southerners regain control of the South
**White Supremacy and Home Rule Restored**