RECOMBINANT ANTIBODIES AND THE PHAGE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY
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Manifestation of Novel Social Challenges of the European Unionin the Teaching Material ofMedical Biotechnology Master’s Programmesat the University of Pécs and at the University of DebrecenIdentification number: TÁMOP-4.1.2-08/1/A-2009-0011
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RECOMBINANT ANTIBODIES AND THE PHAGE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY
Éva CsőszMolecular Therapies - Lecture 7
Manifestation of Novel Social Challenges of the European Unionin the Teaching Material ofMedical Biotechnology Master’s Programmesat the University of Pécs and at the University of DebrecenIdentification number: TÁMOP-4.1.2-08/1/A-2009-0011
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The aim of lecture 7 is to present the possibilities for therapeutic antibody production, to highlight the pros and cons of the different production methods. In this lecture the production of antibodies in the body and by different techniques like in hybridoma cells or the generation of high antibody diversity by phage display technology will be discussed.
Chapters in lecture 7.
7.1. IntroductionVI.I.1. The structure of antibodies and their production in the bodyVI.I.2. Antigen-antibody binding
7.2. The production of therapeutic antibodiesVI.II.1. The production of antibodies in hybridoma cells. VI.II.2. Humanized antibodiesVI.II.3. Production of human antibodies
7.3. Generation of antibodies by phage display VI.III.1. The phage display technologyVI.III.2. Generation of phage libraries
7.4. Administration of therapeutic antibodies
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Heavy chain: constant region, variable region
Light chain: constant region, variable region
Hinge region
Supervariable region
Disulfide bonds
COO-
COO-
COO-
COO-
NH3+NH3
+
NH3+
NH3+
VHVH
VLVL
CH3
CLCL
CH2
CH1
CH1
Fab region
Fc region
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The structure of antibodies
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VH1 VH2 DHnDH1VHnVH4VH3 JH1 CCµJHnJH3JH2 C C C α
JH2DH1VH4 C IgG
Heavy chain
kb. 85 gene kb. 27 gene kb. 6 gene
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The structure of antibody heavy chain
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VL1 VL2 VLnVL4VL3 JL1 CJLnJL3JL2
JL3VL2 C kappa light chain
approx. 35 kappa gene approx. 5 kappa gene
approx. 30 lambda gene approx. 4 lambda gene
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The structure of antibody light chain
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B cell
Antibody
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Production of antibodies in B cells
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Recombination Junctional diversity
Somatic hipermutation
B cell
Antigene/epitope
Plazma cell Specific antibody
BCR
YY
YY
B cell
Clonal selection
Clonal expansion
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Clonal selection and clonal expansion
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Y
YY
YB cell
B cell
B cell
antibody antigene
epitope
antibody
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Polyclonal antibodies
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B cell
antigeneepitope
antibody
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Monoclonal antibodies
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Spleen cell isolationHGPRT
antibody production
Myeloma cellsHGPRT
antibody production
Mouse immunization
Antigene
Fusion of spleen and myeloma cells, generation of hibridoma cells
Culturing of the hibridoma cells
antibody isolationY
YYY
Y Y
Y
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Production of antiodies in hybridoma cells
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Mouse antibody Human antibody
Humanized antibody / chimera antibody
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Humanized antibodies
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Mouse immunoglobulin gene
Human immunoglobulin gene
Human or humanized antibody production
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Production of human antibodies in genetically modified mice
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5 db p9
5 db p75 db p3
5 db p6
2700 db p8
DNS - 6.4 kb
M13 bacteriophage
E. coli
900 nm
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The structure of M13 phage
F-pilus
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Immobilized protein / affinity matrix
Specific elution
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Specific elution of immobilized phage particles
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matrix
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Enzyme phage display
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matrix
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Substrate phage display I.
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matrixmatrix
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Substrate phage display II.
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matrix
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Enzyme-substrate phage display I.
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matrixmatrix
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Enzyme-substrate phage display II.
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Phagemid
Recombinant phagemid
Various sequences
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Generation of phage libraries
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hGH gene Protease substrate M13 gIII gene
phagemid vector
hGH gene Protease substrate M13 gIII gene
phagemid vector
Generation of various sequences
Phage library
Protease substrate sequence
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Generation of protease substrate phage library
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hGH receptor
matrix
Protease
low pH
Protease resistent sequences
Protease sensitive sequences
Sequencing Protease
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Substrate phage display –engineering of protease substrate sequences
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Intravenous injection of phage library
Phage particles bind to the vascular endothelial cell surface proteins
Biopsy
Removal of bound phages
Propagation of bound phages
Identification of phage- bound proteins/peptides
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In vivo phage display – mapping vascular endothelial cells
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Limfocytes
mRNA
cDNA
antibody specific primer
Whole blood(immunized donor)
antibody genes
phagemid
E. coli cells
contain 108 differnt antibody genes
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Generation of antibody libraries from whole blood
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Y Y YY
YY
Y
Tumor cellKiller cell (NK
cell or monocyte)
Antibody against tumor cells
Fc receptor
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The mechanism of antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
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TNFalpha
IL2 receptoralpha chain
Inhibition of organ rejection after transplantation, especially in case of kidney transplantations.
• Psoriasis• Rheumatoid arthritis• Crohn disease• Spondilitis
Human-mouse chimera antibody
Monoclonal antibody • Adalimumab• Infliximab • Golimumab• Cetrolizumab pegol
Basiliximab
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Administration of therapeutic antibodies with immunosupressant activity
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Bispecific antibody(approx. 300 kDa)
IgG - scFv
(Fab – scFv)2
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Forms of therapeutic antibodies
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Fv
Tandem scFv Diabody Triabody Bispecific antibody
F(ab’)2Fab
scFv
S-S
scFv2dsFvS-S
Nanobody
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Forms of small-sized therapeutic antibodies