RECOFI Technical Workshop on Spatial Planning for Marine

Capture Fisheries and AquacultureDoha, Qatar

24–28 October 2010

Disclaimer

This is an unedited presentation given at the RECOFI Technical Workshop on Spatial Planning for Marine Capture Fisheries and Aquaculture. The Organizers do not guarantee the accuracy or authenticity of the contents.

Citations

Please use the following citation sequence when citing this document:1. Author.2. Title.3. Presented at the RECOFI Technical Workshop on Spatial Planning for Marine Capture

Fisheries and Aquaculture 24–28 October 2010, Doha, Qatar.

RECOFI regional spatial planning RECOFI regional spatial planning

for marine capture fisheries and for marine capture fisheries and

aquaculture aquaculture

Kingdom of Saudi Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaArabia

ByBy

Anwar Essa Al Anwar Essa Al –– SunaiherSunaiherMahmood AlMahmood Al--NooriNoori

Abdul Rahman AlAbdul Rahman Al--TuraifTuraif

Khalid AlshayeKhalid AlshayeAbdullah AlMutariAbdullah AlMutari

24 24 –– 28 October 2010, Doha, Qatar28 October 2010, Doha, Qatar

Population: 28 Million

Area: 2.2 Million km2

Coastline length: 3400 km

Part 1. GeographyPart 1. Geography

2400km

1000km

The geographic position of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

makes it occupies 80% of the area of the Arabian Peninsula .

Part 2. Marine capture fisheries profilePart 2. Marine capture fisheries profile

Status of fisheriesStatus of fisheries

Main fisheries: Traditional and Investors fisheriesMain fisheries: Traditional and Investors fisheries

•• Target species: Shrimp, Emperors, Groupers, King fish, Target species: Shrimp, Emperors, Groupers, King fish,

Scads/ Jacks / Treavallies, Sea breams, Barracuda, Indian Scads/ Jacks / Treavallies, Sea breams, Barracuda, Indian

mackerel, and others.mackerel, and others.

•• Number of vessels: 10500, of these 10311 traditional Number of vessels: 10500, of these 10311 traditional

fishing boats, the rest are investment boats.fishing boats, the rest are investment boats.

•• Main fishing gears: Traps, Shrimp trawl, Gill nets, Hand Main fishing gears: Traps, Shrimp trawl, Gill nets, Hand

lines, Troll lines, and Long lineslines, Troll lines, and Long lines..

o Trends of catches and landings are stable in the recent years, which are

attributed to stopping fishing licenses issue.

o The catches of most species are stable, while Grouper’s trend decrease.

o Shrimps and Narrow barred Spanish mackerel shows fluctuations from

year to year.

o Decreasing trend of groupers species is attributed to:

�Targeting

�Over fishing,

�Climatic changes, and

�Ecological changes.

Recent trends of catches and landingsRecent trends of catches and landings

Marine capture fisheries profileMarine capture fisheries profileContinuedContinued

•• Monitoring, control and surveillance systems have: Monitoring, control and surveillance systems have:

��Coast guard is monitoring the movements and arrivals of boats Coast guard is monitoring the movements and arrivals of boats

from each landing site on the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf coasts.from each landing site on the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf coasts.

��Control and surveillance systems not yet applied in Saudi ArabiaControl and surveillance systems not yet applied in Saudi Arabia. .

•• Responsible management authority:Responsible management authority:

��Deputy minister of Agriculture for fisheries affairs, Fisheries Deputy minister of Agriculture for fisheries affairs, Fisheries

Management Department.Management Department.

•• Management options (input/output controls): Management options (input/output controls): Not available yet.Not available yet.

•• Major concerns (IUU, overcapacity, overfishing, etc.): Major concerns (IUU, overcapacity, overfishing, etc.):

•• Major concerns of the authority is to take preMajor concerns of the authority is to take pre-- caution actions caution actions

toward: toward:

•• 1. overfishing1. overfishing, by stopping new licenses for fishing activities; , by stopping new licenses for fishing activities;

2. closed season of shrimp2. closed season of shrimp; ;

•• 3. closed area3. closed area, not allow investors to fish inshore but they , not allow investors to fish inshore but they

should fish three miles off the coasts. should fish three miles off the coasts.

•• ILLEGAL unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing is not a big ILLEGAL unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing is not a big

issue in Saudi Arabia.issue in Saudi Arabia.

Marine capture fisheries profileMarine capture fisheries profileContinuedContinued

Part 3. Aquaculture country profilePart 3. Aquaculture country profileStatus of aquaculture Status of aquaculture (Continue)(Continue)

Human resources

o Until 2009 overall employment in the aquaculture sector reached

4179 full time jobs and Governmental departments about 62.

o The figure is increasing due to the current increase in the number of

aqua-farms.

o Skills, as well as education levels, vary considerably and ranged from

unskilled uneducated regular workers to technical highly educated

staff.

o The distribution of these jobs depends upon the actual needs in

relation to the farming system and operation as well as the kinds of

work required.

Geographic distribution of farming systems and Geographic distribution of farming systems and

characteristicscharacteristics

Floating cagesTabouk

Al-Laith

Gazan

Earthen ponds

Al Quassim

Concrete ponds

Al Kharg

Earthen and

concrete ponds

Riyadh

Jeddah

Hyper-intensive

IntensiveSemi-intensive & intensive

Hyper-intensive

Intensive

Cultured species in KSACultured species in KSA

*Freshwater fish species

1-Tilapia: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

2-Red tilapia: Hybrid of Blue tilapia

(Oreochromis aureus) mating with Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus).

3-Carp:

o Common carp: (Cyprinus carpio),

o Bighead carp: (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis),

o Silver carp: (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix),

o Grass carp: (Ctenopharyngodon idellus).

4- Catfish: (Clarias gariepinus)

5- Ornamental fish: More than 250 species

* Marine water fish & shrimp species

1- Shrimp:

o Indian white prawn (P. indicus).

oGiant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon),

2- Fish:

o Grouper : (Plectropomus pessuliferus

& Plectropomus areolatus)

o Rabbit fish: (Siganus rivulatus)

o Mullet: (Mugil cephalus )

o Gilthead Sea bream: (Sparus aurata)

o Asian Sea bass: (Lates calcarifer)

oSabaki tilapia: Marine tilapia

(Oreochromis spilurus).

Total Catches of Marine Fisheries Total Catches of Marine Fisheries

and Aquaculture production 2008and Aquaculture production 2008

Year

Production ( Metric Ton )

Aqua-farming Fisheries

1990 51 2902 1991 135 2144 1992 179 3643 1993 188 3028 1994 15 4241 1995 201 477081996 88 477091997 770 493951998 1740 512911999 1868 467002000 1868 490802001 1961 550802002 4650 572112003 9160 554402004 8705 554192005 11259 604042006 11615 654732007 14528 667622008 17912 --2009

Aquaculture country profileAquaculture country profile(Continued) (Continued)

Year

Import Export

Value

(Riyal)

Quantity

(Ton)

Value

(Riyal)

Quantity

(Ton)

1994 217421 37162 18718 1830

1995 345213 66831 13146 1569

1996 338759 58745 19037 2072

1997 367241 63146 26111 2977

1998 400668 64180 34265 3397

1999 413544 71971 36226 2841

2000 415579 79942 30377 2266

2001 499863 89966 38759 2304

2002 491675 90882 34617 2890

2003 515272 101024 9179 95147

2004 681535 127707 9390 106366

2005 766439 141297 14129 169247

2006 894754 155923 14476 169608

2007 898917 150328 22699 17302

oThe Kingdom has succeeded

in exporting shrimp to European,

Japanese, regional and other

international markets. Efforts are

currently directed at aqua-

farming of some economically

important marine fish species at

commercial level e.g. Siganus

spp., Epinephelus spp., sea-

bream, sea-bass.

The majority if not all freshwater aquaculture products target local markets.

However, marine water aquaculture products, especially shrimp, target European

and international markets.

•• Market and tradeMarket and trade

Institutional frameworkInstitutional framework

Ministry of

Agriculture

Deputy Ministry of Fisheries

Affairs

Department of

Aquaculture Aquaculture

Freshwater

Research Unit

Marine water

Research Unit

Aquaculture

Development Unit

Production

Follow-up Unit

Aquaculture

Services Unit

Department of

Marine Environment

Department

Fisheries

Applied research, education and trainingApplied research, education and training

Applied aquaculture research, education and training are carried out by

fisheries research centers, some university programmes and King Abdel Aziz city for science and technology (KAST).

Fisheries Research Centers

The Deputy Minister of Fisheries Affairs supervises several fisheries research centers in the Kingdom. These centers provide technical and

extension services to the local aquaculture projects based on scientific and research studies. These research centers are:

oFish Farming Centre in Jeddah.

oFisheries Research Centre in Qatif.

oFisheries Research Centre in Jeddah.

oFish Health & Safety Labs in Jeddah and Dammam.

o Fish Research Centre in Jazan.

IssuesIssues

o The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has tremendous potential for coastal, as well as

inland aqua-farming activities.

o Surveys, carried out by Aquaculture Department, have proved the availability of

many suitable coastal areas for marine aqua-farming operations.

o The natural resources of the Kingdom are ideal for supporting different

aquaculture operation systems and activities.

o The Kingdom gives great attention to the development of aquaculture

production through 1. Research and Development in operation systems and 2.

Selection of economically important marine fish species suitable for

farming e.g. grouper, rabbit fish, mullet, sea-bream, sea-bass and shrimp, in

addition to 3. Technology transfers.

o King Abdel-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KAST) plays a major role in

this field through its research centers for freshwater fish. Cooperation goes on

between the Ministry of Agriculture, represented by Dept. Aquaculture, and

KAST, represented by the Environmental and Natural Resources Institute.

Trends, and developmentTrends, and development

* Farmer societies and / or organization in the field of aquaculture are not

established till now in the Kingdom . However, according to the current

progressive increase of aqua-farms , farmer organizations are needed .

National resource allocations in the kingdom :

* Several steps had been taken by aquaculture authority towards ensuring quality

and safety of aquatic products destined towards international markets . e.g. :-

�Training of responsible persons on quality control and safety standards using

international training courses as HACCP , GLP , ISO .

�Application of international standards regarding residues and microbial

standards in aquatic animal tissues .

�Establishing good infra structures facilities based on international standards .

�Establishing reference labs for quality control .

�Periodical checking on aqua-farms to ensure good husbandry practice .

* The production of most small scale producers is directed to local markets .

Part 4. Case studiesPart 4. Case studies

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Part 5. Challenges and major issuesPart 5. Challenges and major issues

Challenges, issues and opportunities for developing a GIS and ReChallenges, issues and opportunities for developing a GIS and Remote sensing infrastructure to support the spatial planning stramote sensing infrastructure to support the spatial planning strategy at tegy at national and regional levelnational and regional level

•• ChallengesChallenges

•• Building up of infrastructure Building up of infrastructure

••Software / hardware (Boat tracking systems, GPS etc)Software / hardware (Boat tracking systems, GPS etc)

•• Training of the current staffTraining of the current staff

•• Coordination of different departmentsCoordination of different departments

•• IssuesIssues

•• Updating of existing maps of aquatic farmsUpdating of existing maps of aquatic farms

•• Mapping of potential hazard zones for the aquatic projectsMapping of potential hazard zones for the aquatic projects

•• Boat tracking systemBoat tracking system

•• OpportunitiesOpportunities

•• There is a wide scope of integrating Saudi ArabiaThere is a wide scope of integrating Saudi Arabia’’s fisheries s fisheries

with GISwith GIS

GIS & Remote Sensing Section

IN 11/12 2004 IMPORTANT STEP FOR JOINING Remote Sensing

and GIS Section

HARD WORK IN FIELD METHOD APPLICATION

GIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM AND REMOTE SENSING

UNDER DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,

Ministry of Agriculture INCLUDING Early Warning System

Ministry of Agriculture

ت ا������ ��

Receiving station: Began the work of

the station in 1987

and covers about

23 million square

kilometers, the text

of Qatar 2700 km, including most

Arab countries and

the Middle East...

spot

landsat

Area covered by satellite imagery reception station at King

Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology

reception station

Boat w ith

GPS unit

Proposed Online Vehicle/Boat Tracking

and Monitoring Solution

Area covered by satellite imagery reception station at King

Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology

Fish farming locations

THANK YOU