Recode Public Presentation on Ecological Sanitation
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Transcript of Recode Public Presentation on Ecological Sanitation
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for the people
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http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/onsite/docs/RETData.pdf
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http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/onsite/docs/RETData.pdf
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Treatment
Infiltration
Drainage
Prefabricated filters
Spray filters
Chemical precipitation
Phosphorus filter
Large phosphoric filters
Mini Sewage
Holding Tank
Toilets
Urine diverting dry toilet
Compost toilets
Combustion Toilet
Dry toilets
Common WC
Extremely low-flush toilet
Vacuum Toilet
Urine diverting flush toilet
Pre-Treatment
Septic tank
Approved Onsite Components
Swedens One Stop Shop for Onsite Education:
Swedens Performance Requirementsnormal areas: 70% reduction in P & Reuse if possiblehigh risk areas: 90% P reduction, 50% N reduction and Reuse if possible
Environmental Protection Agencys general advice to small drainage devices, NFS 2006:7
Finishing
Biofilterdike
Resorptionsdike
Precipitation
Wetland / pond
Irrigation
Rootzone infiltration
Infiltration
Drainage
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What is the future of onsite?
"Passive, natural systems designs offer a more robust alternative, use the least amount ofenergy of any OWT system, and exhibit treatment performance equivalent to centralized plants"
(Oakley, Stewart 1529).
Design for beneficial reuse
Cost will always be a deciding factor
Performance Based Rules
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Septic with Woodchip Filter (Nitrex)
Installation in Harvard, Massachusetts.. Lombardo Associates.
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Septic with Woodchip Filter (Nitrex)
Diagram of Nitrex passive sand and wood chip filter system. Lombardo Associates.
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Septic with Woodchip Filter (Nitrex)
Cost: $20-28,000Impact: 80-90% nitrogen reduction
Potential:
Patent expired, maybe less expensive to
construct on site.
Problems:not legal without
WPCF permit (difficult)
Nitrex being shipped
from massachusetts
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Dry Composting Toilet
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Dry Composting Toilet
Cost: $1,200-6,000 +2/3 scale septic systemImpact: 80-90% nitrogen reduction
Potential:
lowest cost system for nitrogenreduction.
Problems:
not recognized as a nitrogenreducing system in Oregon,
must be coupled with septic.
Vera Environmentals Carousel Dry Toilet www.vera.no
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Graywater and infiltration system
Potential:less expensive than septic system for graywater treatment.
Problems:
must be coupled witha redundant septic
system.
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Jetsgroup 2009
Vacuum Flush System
Problems:
Cluster systemsnot permitted by
Planning Bureauand requiresvariance fromPlumbing Code.
Potential:
Uses 1/5 the water of ultra low flow toilets.
More concentrated effluent lowers
treatment costs.
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Wostman Ecology's Vacuum Flush ''EcoVac"
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2" piping allows for easier installation
Roedigger 2007.
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Gloskow, Poland. vacuum station. Roedigger. roevac.com
Vacuum Sewers along the Rhine inGermany. Roevac.com
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Septic Tank with Urine Diverting Toilet
Costs: $3,900-6,500 for retrofit with existing septic. $150-300/year for once a year pumping of urine and septic.
Impact: Reduces nitrogen in effluent by 80%.
Potential: Low cost means to meet strict nitrogen standards.Urine can be used as fertilizer.
Problems:
Requires plan forbeneficial reuse.
Holding tanks not allowed
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User Acceptance of Urine Diversion
Peter-Frhlich, Bonhomme, Oldenburg, 2007. Sanitation Concepts for Separate
treatment of Urine, Faeces, and Greywater (SCST)- Results. Berlin: KompentzzentrumWasser Berlin.
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Operations and Maintenance in France
Intestinale Members, France
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Portable Dry Toilets
Cost: 10-20% higher than portable chemical wet toilets.Impact:All nutrients can be reused through compostinginstead of adding to treatment plant.
Potential:Lower treatment costs.
Diversifies income for dry
toilet installers.
Builds O&M competence forcomposting systems.
Problems:
Limited treatment facilities in
Oregon. Biocappi portable dry toilets. Yverdon, Switzerland. Photo by Molly Danielsson.
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1m3 portable dry toilets, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Portable Vacuum Toilets
Cost: Ultra high-end
Image Credit: Flexiloo UK
Barriers: none
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Fact sheets
Case Studies
Information on CodesTour Updates
www.recodeoregon.org