Recession Pptbyyas 090319065204 Phpapp01

8/2/2019 Recession Pptbyyas 090319065204 Phpapp01

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In economics, the term recession

describes the reduction of acountry's gross domestic product

(GDP) for at least two quarters.

The usual dictionary definition is "a

period of reduced economic activity"

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendar_year

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendar_year

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product



The United States-based National

Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)defines economic recession as: "a

significant decline in economic activity

spread across the country, lasting morethan a few months, normally visible in

real GDP growth, real personal income,

employment, industrial production, andwholesale-retail sales.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Economic_Research


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDP_deflator

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDP

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDP

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDP_deflator



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States



That private organization defines a

recession more ambiguously as "a

significant decline in economic activityspread across the economy, lasting morethan a few months.“

In macroeconomics, a recession is adecline in a country's gross domestic

product (GDP), or negative real economicgrowth, for two or more successivequarters of a year

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macroeconomics

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macroeconomics



History of recessions

· July 1980 - November 1982:2 years total

· July 1990-March 1991:8 months

· March 2001-November 2001:8 months

· December 2007-current:15 months as of March 2009

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_1980s_recession



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late_2000s_recession
















Causes of recessions

Currency crises

Energy crisis

Under-consumption Overproduction

Financial crisis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currency_crisis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_crisis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underconsumption

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overproduction

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis










Causes of recessions Currency crises A currency crisis, which is also called a balance-

of-payments crisis, occurs when the value of acurrency changes quickly, undermining its ability toserve as a medium of exchange or a store ofvalue. It is a type of financial crisis and is often

associated with a real economic crisis

Energy crisis An energy crisis is any great bottleneck (or price

rise) in the supply of energy resources to aneconomy. It usually refers to the shortage of oil and additionally to electricity or other naturalresources. An energy crisis may be referred to as

an oil crisis, petroleum crisis, energy shortage,electricity shortage or electricity crisis


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currency

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium_of_exchange

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Store_of_value



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_economic_crisis


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottleneck_%28logistics%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_%28social_studies%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_resources




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_%28social_studies%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottleneck_%28logistics%29


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_economic_crisis




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium_of_exchange

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currency





Underconsumption

In underconsumption , recessions andstagnation arise due to inadequate consumer

demand relative to the amount producedOverproduction

In economics, overproduction refers to

excess of supply over demand of productsbeing offered to the market. This leads tolower prices and / or unsold goods

Financial crisis The term financial crisis is applied broadly toa variety of situations in which some financialinstitutions or assets suddenly lose a largeart of their value

Th I f R i


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_stagnation



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_stagnation




The Impact of Recession on

Employment

As, the impact of recession isunpredictable and depends

entirely on the nature of therecession. The lessons learned onpast recessions have somehow

helped us trace the patterns andgiven us ideas on how to solve theproblem.



The Center for Economic and PolicyResearch states that the looming

recession will raise unemployment by

about 2 to 3 percent depending onthe nature of the recession. Thismeans that there will be about 3 to 5

million unemployed Americans in

case it happens.



On the other hand unemploymentdata doesn’t represent the educated

workforce. For them, the truth is there

are more available jobs than there arecandidates and the unemploymentrise affects mainly the low-skilled

workers .



STRATEGIC ROLE OF HRMDURING RECESSION

The recession is about the creativeHuman Resources Management. TheHRM Function is asked to bring new

ideas, to change the HRM Processes andto develop or change the procedures. Andthis effort has to be cheap or it has to cut

the costs of the organization. The HRMInnovation is easy in times of the businessgrowth, but the recession is not good forbig innovative HRM Initiatives.

Th i t h t b f d b



The point has to be focused by

HRM during recession are as

follows: To optimize the manpower strength.

To take strategic initiatives to increase the

productivity and efficiency of the entireorganization.

To work on compensation benefits.

Redesign training and development programs.

Ensure your organization’s policies andhandbooks are up to date.

To identify the real key employees and to intact

them in the organization



Layoffs. Ensure you are familiar with your legalresponsibilities in a lay off to minimize your

organization's risk. Be sure that you haveproperly defined the criteria you are using todetermine who will be let go.

Redirect Your Employees to Other Departments(Job Rotation)

Listen to Your Employees

Keep Them Motivated and Busy(Communicate-Communicate andCommunicate)

Show them the long term vision



Thank You

BY

MUNISH SHARMA

HARJOT SINGH

HIMANSHU GIRIDHAR

Recession Pptbyyas 090319065204 Phpapp01

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