Reception in Belgium Federal Agency for the reception of asylum seekers Fanny François, Director...
-
Upload
octavia-hudson -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
6
Transcript of Reception in Belgium Federal Agency for the reception of asylum seekers Fanny François, Director...
Reception in Belgium
Federal Agency for the reception of asylum seekers
Fanny François, Director Reception Network
Reception in Belgium
Fedasil: core business
Reception of asylum seekers
Unaccompanied minors
Voluntary return
Reception policy
Integration of the centres in their neighbourhood
European Refugee Fund
Reception in Belgium
Fedasil: key figures
Agency created in May 2002
1,200 workers
Expenditure in 2013= 320 Mi €
current number of reception places: 21,400
The reception crisis
The reception crisis
2008 - 2011 Increase of asylum applicants (mostly Balkan)
Occupancy rate exceeding 100%
Opening of emergency reception facilities
Reception in hotels (meant as short-term solution)
From May 2009 till December 2012
Around 1,000 people have been accommodated in hotels in Brussels
The reception / asylum crisis
Asylum applications: figures 2006 - today
11.587 11.11512.252
17.186
19.941
25.479
21.463
12.500
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
The reception crisis
10.000
12.000
14.000
16.000
18.000
20.000
22.000
24.000
26.000
3/0
1/2
00
5
3/0
4/2
00
5
3/0
7/2
00
5
3/1
0/2
00
5
3/0
1/2
00
6
3/0
4/2
00
6
3/0
7/2
00
6
3/1
0/2
00
6
3/0
1/2
00
7
3/0
4/2
00
7
3/0
7/2
00
7
3/1
0/2
00
7
3/0
1/2
00
8
3/0
4/2
00
8
3/0
7/2
00
8
3/1
0/2
00
8
3/0
1/2
00
9
3/0
4/2
00
9
3/0
7/2
00
9
3/1
0/2
00
9
3/0
1/2
01
0
3/0
4/2
01
0
3/0
7/2
01
0
3/1
0/2
01
0
3/0
1/2
01
1
3/0
4/2
01
1
3/0
7/2
01
1
3/1
0/2
01
1
3/0
1/2
01
2
3/0
4/2
01
2
3/0
7/2
01
2
3/1
0/2
01
2
3/0
1/2
01
3
3/0
4/2
01
3
3/0
7/2
01
3
Evolution de l'occupation du réseau d'accueil depuis début 2005
Occupation totale (y compris accueil d'urgence)
Occupation capacité structurelle
Seuil de saturation
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
15.936 25/09/2013
201320122011
14.963 14.963
12.900
MIN. 11.545 16/07/2007
16.281
18.164
20.824
23.145
21.382
MAX. 23.507 25/05/2012
The reception crisis
Consequences/ repercussions
More than 12,000 people without a reception place
Fedasil has been repeatedly condemned by the Labour court
Fedasil had to pay a fine to asylum seekers who were not taken care of
Out of the crisis
enlarging the reception capacity
15.875 16.094 15.809 16.06118.684
21.41224.026
21.543
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Out of the crisis
Integrated asylum and reception policy
1 State Secretary for Asylum, Migration and Social Integration (since December 2011)
Harmonisation of asylum + reception agencies
More staff :
to accelerate the handling of the asylum applications
to turn down asylum application backlog
Out of the crisis
Restricting the inflow into the reception network
Legal adaptations 2011
No (automatic) reception for multiple asylum applications
List of ‘safe countries’: accelerated asylum procedure
Dissuasive campaigns in countries of origin
Out of the crisis
Investing in a broader and better assistance for voluntary returnThird new step in the reception model: a 30 days stay in
a reception centre for voluntary return
Staff member for voluntary return in each reception centre
Voluntary return counter at dispatching service (from the beginning of their stay)
Out of the crisisVoluntary return: key figures
2.8112.593 2.669 2.659
2.9573.358
4.694
3.754
302
962
172
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Voluntary return (via Fedasil) Voluntary return (by Immigration Office)
Out of the crisis
occupancy rate today: 71%
95,1%93,1%
91,0%89,1%
87,2%85,0%
83,5%80,9%
78,8%76,7%
74,7%72,8%
71,0%
50,0%
55,0%
60,0%
65,0%
70,0%
75,0%
80,0%
85,0%
90,0%
95,0%
100,0%
sept-12 oct-12 nov-12 déc-12 janv-13 févr-13 mars-13
avr-13 mai-13 juin-13 juil-13 août-13 sept-13
Reception in Belgium
Reception in three steps
First step: stay in collective reception centre (during 4 months)
Second step: stay in individual reception facilities
Third new step: stay in a reception centre for voluntary return (during 30 days)
Reception in Belgium
48 reception centres: locations in Belgium
Reception in Belgium
Reception centres (first step)
material aid: basic needs (food and shelter)
providing assistance
daily occupation / school
Reception in Belgium
Reception centres: providing assistance
Medical assistance
Psychological assistance
Legalassistance
Social assistance
Reception in Belgium
Individual housing (second step)
Furnished private lodging
Material aid
Providing assistance
Reception in Belgium
Reception facilities: a mixed population
* Citizens of Russia, Turkey and countries of Caucasus are included in 'Europe'
Reception centres population
Adults in family
Minors in family(accompanied)
Isolated women
Isolated men
Unaccompanied minors
Continental origin of the residents
Europe * 50%
Africa 28%
Asia 21%
Stateless and undetermined1%
Reception in Belgium
Top 5 nationalities:
Afghanistan (12,5%)
Guinea (10,5%)
Russia (9%)
Congo DR (7%)
Serbia (3,5%)
Specialized reception facilities
Reception model for UMA
A three-step reception
1. Observation and orientation
2. Collective reception facilities
3. Individual housing, supervised autonomy
Who?
Mainly asylum seekers
Mostly boys (nearly 80%)
Top 5 nationalities:– Afghanistan
– Guinea
– DR of Congo
– Iraq
– Somalia
Step 1 : OOC
Observation and Orientation centre: 2 x 50 places
‘Green’ Observation and Orientation centre :30 places
Step 1 : OOC
Open centre Reception for all UMA: – provides the 1st reception, – offers an adaptation period– permits to make a psychosocial analysis - orientation – permits the Guardianship Service to identify the
UMA and to assign a guardian.
Period of 15 days renewable only once (max 1 month)
Step 2 : collective reception
The UM Asylum seeker is accommodated in the Fedasil network
The UM non-Asylum seeker is accommodated by the Communities : specialized reception
Step 2 : collective reception
Open collective reception centre
Supervision of the UMA 24/7
Social and medical assistance,…
Individual follow-up
Schooling
Together with the minor and the help of his guardian a follow-up project and his autonomy are prepared.
Period : 4 months to 1 year
Specializations in collective centres
UMA mothers or pregnant girls (30 places)
Time Out (10 places)
Mental disorders (15 places)
Children from 8-9 years to 14 years old (15 places)
Step 3: individual reception
If the UMA is still entitled to benefit material assistance : local reception facilities with supervised autonomy
House, flat, separated roomsEasy access via public transport In the neighbourhood of collective reception centres
Step 3: individual reception
Offers more individual help and supervision
This stay is a transition period but offers the necessary tools to acquire full autonomy.
Currently, we are in need of individual housing for UMA
Number of facilities UMA 2003 - 2013
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
third step
second step
OOC
Challenges 2014 - 2018
• Downsizing reception facilities
• More specialized reception facilities (medical care, mental disorders,…) for persons with specific needs• Individual housing for UMA• Quality standards for all reception facilities• International /European platforms, studies, benchmark etc.•…
Thank you for your attention !