Research and Restoration of the Essential Filters of the Sea –

REEFS

Mariana Stoyanova, Partnership Coordinator

Bulgarian Biodiversity Foundation

The Beautiful Black Sea Region

TTourist wrecks in Bulgaria

NO YEAR PROVINCE LOCATION MATERIAL

1 1989 İzmir Inside the Bay Tram units

2 1992 İzmir Hekim Island Cubic concrete blocks

3 1994 İzmir Between Foça- Orak Island Plus shaped concrete blocks

4 1995 İzmir Çeşme - Dalyanköy Cubic and plus shaped concrete blocks

5 1997 İzmir Inner Bay Orowed multi holed concrete blocks

6 1998 İzmir Ürkmez Pentagonal cubic concrete blocks

7 1998 İzmir Gümüldür Cubic concrete blocks

8 1999 İzmir Urla Blocks suitable for octopus

9 2000 Zonguldak Merkez, Ereğli Çaycuma 200 blocks with 40 units each

10 2001 Muğla Marmaris Concrete blocks (230 pieces)

11 3.4.2006 Antalya Alanya Ship and plane wrecks

12 18.4.2006 Antalya Merkez Concrete blocks and ship wreck

13 17.5.2006 İzmir Mordoğan Concrete blocks

14 30.5.2006 Balıkesir Ayvalık Ship

15 1.1.2006 MUĞLA Bodrum Coast guard boat

16 1.1.2006 Muğla Bodrum Navy tankership

17 16.4.2007 Muğla Bodrum C-47 Plane

18 1.10.2007 Antalya Üçadalar Coast guard boat

19 16.11.2007 İzmir Gümüldür Floating artificial reef

20 27.5.2009 Mersin Erdemli Ship

21 26.6.2009 Antalya Kaş Plane

22 15.9.2009 Adana Yumurtalık Concrete blocks

İzin Verilen Yapay Resif Projeleri

Here is the list of

reefs licensed and

settled in Turkey

Why more artificial reefs in the Black Sea?

Marine life of the Black Sea certainly is less diverse than that of coral reefs, but don’t we have a chance to help our sea to

diversify? It has been observed that the ecosystem of the Black Sea quickly responds to external influences, both to the natural ones, like environmental factors fluctuations, or anthropogenic effects, like fisheries, construction works in the coastal zone, and all kinds of marine pollution. Therefore the creation of

manmade structures is very promising in increasing the biodiversity, and filtering the coastal waters most of all.

Recently, existence of some unique habitats were reported which is an indication that there is unforeseen potential in enriching

the marine life in our coastal waters.

The REEFS project team

PARTNERS: BENEFICIARY Bulgarian Biodiversity Foundation – Bulgaria PARTNER 1 Odessa Branch of O.O.Kovalevskiy Institute of Biology of Southern Seas of, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,Odeska Oblast; PARTNER 2 ONG Mare Nostrum – Constanta, Romania, PARTNER 3 Ilia State University, Dr. Bela Japoshvili IPA PARTNER Karadeniz Technical University – Trabzon, Turkey

Most appropriate definition considered according to the London Convention and Protocol “Guidelines for the placement of Artificial Reefs” (UNEP 2009), an artificial reef “is a submerged structure deliberately constructed or placed on the seabed to emulate some functions of a natural reef such as protecting, regenerating, concentrating, and/or enhancing populations of living marine resources. Objectives of an artificial reef may also include the protection, restoration and regeneration of aquatic habitats, and the promotion of research, recreational opportunities, and educational use of the area. The term does not include submerged structures deliberately placed to perform functions not related to those of a natural reef - such as breakwaters, mooring, cables, pipelines, marine research devices or platforms - even if they incidentally imitate some functions of a natural reef.”

NOW AVAILABLE AT www.reefsproject.net

WE FOCUS ON

RESEARCH ON LOST OR DAMAGED BY POLLUTION/TRAWLING

HABITATS OF BLACK SEA MUSSELS /Mytilus Galloprovincialis/

RESTORATION VIA EXPERIMENTAL

REEF GRID STRUCTURES WITH TOTAL

AREA OF 31 292M3

•Open structure allowing free flow

•Increased active surface for certain cost of structure

•Low risk of sedimentation inside the structure

•Lack of non-overgrowing surfaces inside the structure

•Well compacted for transport, handling , and installation

•Easy pre-assembling the modules before placement

Grid Structures Reef Ball Structures

VS.

Test on Different AR Materials in Odessa Bay October, 2012

Structures Proposed by Scientists from

Constanta, Romania

Figure no. 1. Concrete slabs

Figure no. 2.platform of concrete

slabs

Figure no.3.

rages/sleepers (cross

tie)

Figura nr.4 Pyramid structures of sleepers

Early Grid Reefs

In meeting the specific objectives to establish long-term partnership platform for scientific

and technical activities in favor of artificial reefs, prospective reef structures are studied

at a conceptual level and proposed for pilot installation

28.05.2010 28.05.2010

Unlike the traditional heavy structures, the so called “light structure approach”

presumes creation of light weight low-cost modules that when installed in a certain

way form the strata where larvae attach and grow. Growing mussels make the

initially light and flexible structure more heavy and rigid

Pioneering

Mussel

Reefs at

the

Bulgarian

Coast

„Pyramid“

Modules

The Pyramids 14 months later on the national TV channel

„Accordion“ Modules Height 1.4m / Width 1.5m Varna, Jan, 2012

05.01.2012

Seven Units of Tubular-Robe

Structure have been sunk

close to the Golden Sands

Resort, Varna in 2011

Spiral Reef Structure Has Been Already Tested

in October, 2012 in Varna Bay

Commercial Aquaculture Reefs to Be Tested in Early 2013

•Development of more industrialized method for manufacturing these structures (on the

way);

•Recommendation on the design wave conditions, i.e. return period of design wave. (to

be proposed)

•Recommendation on stability calculations (to be proposed);

•Recommendation on the geotechnical aspects, basically prevention of sinking in soft

silt or mud (to be proposed);

•Recommendation and practical implementation of a monitoring program with respect

to the previous items.

•Conclusions based on the monitoring data gathered and recommendations on further

development and application on larger scale.

EXPECTED FOLLOW-UP

Mariana Stoyanova

REEFS Partnership Coordinator

THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION @REEEFS Project reefs.bsb@gmail.com www.reefsproject.net